CN108872682B - Microstrip line coupling-based voltage measurement device and method - Google Patents
Microstrip line coupling-based voltage measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microstrip line-based coupling voltage measuring device and method. The device mainly comprises a printed circuit board, a high-voltage arm resistor, a low-voltage arm rheostat, a coaxial transmission line and an oscilloscope. The method mainly comprises the following steps: 1) selected sum impedance Z0Matched load R. 2) High voltage of the pulse generator to be measuredThe terminal and the through hole I are connected by a connecting wire. The ground terminal of the pulse generator to be tested is connected with one end of the load R through a connecting wire; the other end of the load R is connected with the through hole II through a connecting wire. 3) For the measured pulse voltage UiThe bandwidth is adjusted. 4) According to the regulated measured pulse voltage UiThe frequency width is calculated to obtain the pulse voltage U to be measurediThe value of (c). The invention does not need to calibrate the capacitor again when being disassembled and assembled every time, and solves the problems of pulse width reduction and waveform distortion caused by the increase of transmission distance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high voltage measurement, in particular to a microstrip line-based coupling voltage measurement device and method.
Background
With the progress of pulse power technology and the development of power electronic devices, the application of all-solid-state pulse signal generators is increasing, and the generators generate fast pulse signals with fast leading edge and high amplitude. The pulse signal has large transient variable specific gravity and strong capacity of electromagnetic interference in space. However, the existing measurement system has long response time, narrow pulse width, and the voltage waveform of the final measurement has serious distortion and large measurement error due to the damping resistance on the transmission line, the capacitive effect at each connection part and the line inductance. If an external probe and an oscilloscope are adopted to detect the output waveform, the purpose of real-time monitoring cannot be realized, so that a voltage measurement method meeting the requirements needs to be developed to meet the technical requirements of measurement.
Both resistive and capacitive voltage dividers are affected by stray capacitance to ground, causing errors in the measurement. The resistive-capacitive voltage divider may attenuate the effect on the stray capacitance to ground. So that the measuring result is more accurate. However, the conventional resistance-capacitance voltage divider has a relatively large volume, cannot be integrated with an all-solid-state pulse generator, and belongs to an independent instrument.
The oscillation that two electric capacity connecting lead of current measurement voltage device brought easily, and dismantle the installation at every turn and need recalibrate the electric capacity, destroy the transmission line, can't be integrated with full solid-state pulse generator. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the transmission distance is increased, the existing voltage measuring device is easy to cause pulse width reduction and waveform distortion.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the problems of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the voltage measuring device based on microstrip line coupling mainly comprises a printed circuit board, a high-voltage arm resistor, a low-voltage arm rheostat and a coaxial transmission line.
The printed circuit board mainly comprises an upper layer circuit board, a middle layer circuit board, a lower layer circuit board, an insulating board and a connector.
The upper circuit board is a circuit for transmitting power supply current. The upper circuit board and the middle circuit board are separated by an insulating board. The middle circuit board and the lower circuit board are separated by an insulating board.
The upper circuit board has a conductive layer. The area of the conducting layer at the center of the upper circuit board is larger than that of the conducting layer at the left side of the center. The area of the conducting layer at the center of the upper circuit board is larger than that of the conducting layer at the right side of the center.
The left conductive layer of the upper circuit board is provided with a through hole I for the passing of the connecting wire.
And a through hole II for a connecting wire to pass through is arranged at the right conductive layer of the upper circuit board.
The upper circuit board has a connector.
All layers of the middle circuit board are conductive layers.
The whole layer of the lower circuit board is a conductive layer.
The upper circuit board conducting layer, the middle circuit board conducting layer and the insulating board between the upper circuit board and the middle circuit board form the high-voltage arm capacitor.
The high-voltage arm capacitor is connected in parallel with the high-voltage arm resistor.
The capacitance of the high-voltage arm capacitor is marked as C1And the resistance is denoted as R1。
Capacitance C of high-voltage arm capacitor1As follows:
wherein S is the area of the conducting layer of the lower circuit board and the conducting layer of the middle circuit board. d is the distance between the lower circuit board and the middle circuit board. h is the distance between the upper circuit board and the middle circuit board. And x is the line width of the top through-current wire. l is the length of the top through-current lead wire. And m is a calculation coefficient.
The conducting layer of the middle circuit board, the conducting layer of the lower circuit board and the insulating board between the middle circuit board and the lower circuit board form a low-voltage arm capacitor.
The low-voltage arm capacitor is connected in parallel with the low-voltage arm rheostat. The resistance value of the low-voltage arm rheostat is adjustable.
The capacitance of the low-voltage arm capacitor is marked as C2And the resistance is denoted as R2。
Low voltage arm capacitance C2As follows:
wherein, the dielectric constant of the PCB board is,0is the dielectric constant in vacuum. And S is the area of the conducting layer of the lower circuit board and the conducting layer of the middle circuit board. d is the distance between the lower circuit board and the middle circuit board.
The printed circuit board measures the voltage signal of the pulse generator under test.
Further, the voltage measuring device based on microstrip line coupling also comprises an oscilloscope.
The oscilloscope is connected with one side of the coaxial transmission line. The other side of the coaxial transmission line is connected with the connector.
The oscilloscope receives the measured voltage signal through the coaxial transmission line and the connector connected with the coaxial transmission line.
The oscilloscope displays the waveform of the measured voltage signal.
The impedance of the coaxial transmission line is denoted as Z0。
The equivalent circuit structure based on the microstrip line coupling voltage measuring device is as follows:
and recording two ends of the measured voltage as an A end and a B end respectively. The two ends of the output voltage are respectively recorded as a D end and an E end.
The B terminal is grounded.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1And a capacitor C2And then grounded.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1And a capacitor C2Rear connection impedance Z0。
A terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0And then connected with the D end.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1And a resistance R2And then grounded.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1And a resistance R2Rear connection impedance Z0。
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0And then connected with the D end.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0Then is connected with the E end.
Impedance Z0The series load R is grounded.
A method for using a microstrip line-based coupled voltage measuring device mainly comprises the following steps:
1) selected sum impedance Z0Matched load R.
2) The high-voltage terminal of the pulse generator to be tested is connected with the through hole I through a connecting wire.
The ground terminal of the pulse generator to be tested is connected with one end of the load R through a connecting wire. The other end of the load R is connected with the through hole II through a connecting wire.
3) The printed circuit board measures a voltage signal of the pulse generator to be measured through a connecting line of the through hole I and the through hole II;
4) according to the measured pulse voltage UiObtaining the measured pulse voltage U in relation to the output waveform UsiBandwidth condition, thereby measuring the pulse voltage UiThe bandwidth is adjusted.
Adjusting the pulse voltage U to be measurediThe bandwidth method includes the following two methods:
I) series resistance R at front end of measured coaxial transmission line3。
II) to the measured voltage UiAnd carrying out secondary voltage division to further reduce the amplitude of the output voltage Us of the oscilloscope.
The partial pressure ratio α is as follows:
α＝α1×α2。(3)
in the formula, α1Voltage division ratio for printed circuit board α2To a series resistance R3Resulting in a partial pressure ratio.
The voltage division ratio of the printed circuit board is as follows:
in the formula, C1Is the high voltage arm capacitance. C2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value.
The voltage division ratio due to the series resistance is as follows:
α2＝R3/R。 (5)
in the formula, R3Is a series resistance. R is a load.
Measured pulse voltage UiThe relationship with the oscilloscope output voltage Us is as follows:
in the formula, Z0Is the impedance of the coaxial transmission line. C1Is the high voltage arm capacitance. C2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value. j is a complex number. ω is the voltage angular frequency.
Measured pulse voltage UiThe bandwidth conditions are as follows:
in the formula, Z0Is the impedance of the coaxial transmission line. C1Is the high voltage arm capacitance. C2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value.
5) According to the regulated measured pulse voltage UiBandwidth, to retrieve the measured pulse voltage UiAnd the oscilloscope output voltage Us.
In the formula, C1Is the high voltage arm capacitance. C2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value.
6) The output voltage Us of the oscilloscope is read on the oscilloscope, so that the measured pulse voltage U is calculated according to the formula 5iThe value of (c).
The technical effect of the present invention is undoubted. The invention does not need to calibrate the capacitor again when being disassembled and assembled every time, and solves the problems of pulse width reduction and waveform distortion caused by the increase of transmission distance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a voltage measuring device;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a voltage measuring device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a printed circuit board;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a modified equivalent circuit of a printed circuit board;
FIG. 5 is a high voltage signal for measuring high voltage;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the voltage measurement device output signal;
in the figure: the circuit board comprises a printed circuit board 1, a high-voltage arm resistor 2, a low-voltage arm varistor 3, an upper layer circuit board 101, a middle layer circuit board 102, a lower layer circuit board 103, an insulating plate 104 and a connector 105.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a microstrip line coupling-based voltage measurement apparatus mainly includes a printed circuit board 1, a high-voltage arm resistor 2, a low-voltage arm varistor 3, and a coaxial transmission line.
The printed circuit board 1 mainly includes an upper circuit board 101, a middle circuit board 102, a lower circuit board 103, an insulating plate 104 and a connector 105.
As a mature technology, a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) has satisfied the requirement of fabricating a multi-layer Board. By utilizing the multilayer board technology in the multilayer printed circuit board, the capacitor can be formed through the conducting layers on different board layers of the PCB and the dielectric property of the board of the PCB, and the capacitor can be integrated on the all-solid-state pulse generator device.
The upper circuit board 101 is a circuit for transmitting current. The upper layer circuit board 101 and the middle layer circuit board 102 are separated by an insulating sheet material 104. The middle layer circuit board 102 and the lower layer circuit board 103 are separated by an insulating plate material 104.
The upper layer circuit board 101 has a conductive layer. The area of the conductive layer at the center of the upper circuit board 101 is larger than the area of the conductive layer at the left side of the center. The area of the conductive layer at the center of the upper circuit board 101 is larger than the area of the conductive layer at the right side of the center.
The left conductive layer of the upper circuit board 101 has a through hole I1011 for passing the connecting wire.
The right conductive layer of the upper circuit board 101 has a through hole II1022 for passing a connection wire.
The upper layer circuit board 101 has a tab 105.
The voltage of the pulse generator to be measured is measured based on the microstrip line coupling voltage measuring device, namely the voltage of the pulse generator to be measured is measured through the printed circuit board 1, and a measured voltage signal is obtained.
The four through holes on the outer side of the connector are connected with the grounding side of the pulse generator to be tested. One side of the coaxial transmission line is connected to the connector, and the other side of the coaxial transmission line is connected to the oscilloscope.
The joint has certain insulation and sealing performance, and continuous and stable operation of the coaxial transmission line is ensured.
The oscilloscope receives the measured voltage signal through the coaxial transmission line and the connector connected with the coaxial transmission line.
The oscilloscope displays the waveform of the measured voltage signal.
The middle circuit board 102 is a conductive layer.
The lower circuit board 103 has conductive layers on all layers.
The upper circuit board conductive layer, the middle circuit board conductive layer and the insulating plate 104 between the upper circuit board 101 and the middle circuit board 102 form a high-voltage arm capacitor.
The high-voltage arm capacitor is connected in parallel with the high-voltage arm resistor 2.
The capacitance of the high-voltage arm capacitor is marked as C1And the resistance is denoted as R1。
Capacitance C of high-voltage arm capacitor1As follows:
wherein S is the area of the conducting layer of the lower circuit board and the conducting layer of the middle circuit board. d is the distance between the lower circuit board and the middle circuit board. h is the distance between the upper circuit board and the middle circuit board. And x is the line width of the top through-current wire. l is the length of the top through-current lead wire. m is a calculation coefficient, and m is 24.127. log represents a logarithmic operation.
The middle circuit board conductive layer, the lower circuit board conductive layer and the insulating plate 104 between the middle circuit board 102 and the lower circuit board 103 form a low-voltage arm capacitor.
The low-voltage arm capacitor is connected in parallel with the low-voltage arm rheostat 3. The low-voltage arm rheostat 3 is adjustable in resistance.
When the measured voltage signal generates overshoot distortion, the voltage signal can be adjusted. The resistance of the low-voltage arm varistor 3 is such that the measured voltage signal matches the measured voltage signal.
The capacitance of the low-voltage arm capacitor is marked as C2And the resistance is denoted as R2。
Low voltage arm capacitance C2As follows:
wherein, the dielectric constant of the PCB board is,0is the dielectric constant in vacuum. And S is the area of the conducting layer of the lower circuit board and the conducting layer of the middle circuit board. d is the distance between the lower circuit board and the middle circuit board.
Furthermore, the low-voltage arm capacitor and the high-voltage arm capacitor form a parallel-connection type resistance-capacitance voltage divider.
The basic condition to be met by the parallel capacitance-resistance voltage divider is C1R1＝C2R2。
The layers of the resistance-capacitance voltage divider can be regarded as two capacitors which are respectively used as a high-voltage arm capacitor and a low-voltage arm capacitor of the resistance-capacitance voltage divider, and the resistors of the high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm and the series resistor can be integrated on a circuit board.
The RC series voltage divider overcomes the residual inductance of the capacitor loop and suppresses the oscillation of the voltage divider. Such a voltage divider, also known as a damped capacitive voltage divider, has superior response characteristics compared to a purely capacitive voltage divider. However, due to the resistance being switched in, its response time is affected. Too large a damping resistor increases the response time and also affects the formation of the pulse voltage when the voltage divider is connected to the pulse test loop. If the damping resistance is too small, the oscillation cannot be completely eliminated, and when the low-voltage arm only has a capacitor, the corresponding initial rise time can be increased, the response characteristic of the voltage divider is not good, and the measurement of the steep wave is particularly obvious.
The resistance-capacitance parallel voltage divider is based on a resistance voltage divider, and is used for increasing the longitudinal capacitance of the voltage divider, improving the potential distribution on the voltage divider, reducing the influence on the ground stray capacitance and improving the response characteristic of the voltage divider. The well-manufactured resistance-capacitance parallel voltage divider has the advantages of good amplitude-frequency characteristic, high linearity and the like. And because the frequency band range of the resistance-capacitance parallel voltage divider is large, the range from direct current, power frequency to impulse voltage basically covers the range of all test voltages.
The resistance-capacitance voltage divider is used for measuring power frequency alternating current high voltage and direct current high voltage in power systems and manufacturing departments of electric and electronic equipment. It is a universal high-voltage measuring instrument, and can be used in the power system, electric appliance and electronic equipment manufacturing departments to measure power frequency AC high voltage and DC high voltage. It is composed of high-voltage measuring unit and low-voltage display instrument. When the high-voltage instrument works, the high-voltage part and the low-voltage instrument are separated, and the work is safe and reliable.
Further, the voltage measuring device based on microstrip line coupling also comprises an oscilloscope.
The oscilloscope receives the voltage signal output by the connector 105 through the coaxial transmission line.
The coaxial transmission line is composed of two long coaxial metal right cylinders insulated from each other.
The coaxial transmission line is a broadband microwave transmission line which is a guide system formed by two coaxial cylindrical conductors, and air or a high-frequency medium is filled between an inner conductor and an outer conductor.
The oscilloscope displays the waveform of the measured voltage signal.
The impedance of the coaxial transmission line is denoted as Z0。
The equivalent circuit structure based on the microstrip line coupling voltage measuring device is as follows:
and recording two ends of the measured voltage as an A end and a B end respectively. The two ends of the output voltage are respectively recorded as a D end and an E end.
The B terminal is grounded.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1And a capacitor C2And then grounded.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1And a capacitor C2Rear connection impedance Z0。
A terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0And then connected with the D end.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1And a resistance R2And then grounded.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1And a resistance R2Rear connection impedance Z0。
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0And then connected with the D end.
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0Then is connected with the E end.
Impedance Z0The series load R is grounded.
An equivalent circuit based on a microstrip line coupled voltage measuring device is shown in fig. 4, which is an improvement based on fig. 3.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, a method for using a microstrip line-based coupled voltage measuring apparatus mainly includes the following steps:
1) selected sum impedance Z0Matched load R.
2) The high-voltage terminal of the pulse generator to be tested is connected with the through hole I1011 through a connecting wire.
The ground terminal of the pulse generator to be tested is connected with one end of the load R through a connecting wire. The other end of the load R and the through hole II1022 are connected by a connection line.
3) The printed circuit board 1 measures a voltage signal of the pulse generator to be measured through a connecting line of the through hole I1011 and the through hole II 1022;
4) according to the measured pulse voltage UiObtaining the measured pulse voltage U in relation to the output waveform UsiBandwidth condition, thereby measuring the pulse voltage UiThe bandwidth is adjusted. Adjusting the pulse voltage U to be measurediThe bandwidth is measured by connecting a resistor in series with the front end of the coaxial transmission line.
At the same time, as shown in FIG. 4, the measured pulse voltage U is adjustediThe bandwidth method further includes the step of measuring the voltage UiAnd carrying out secondary voltage division to further reduce the amplitude of Us.
According to the improved schematic diagram of the rc voltage divider, the voltage division ratio of the measuring device can be found as follows:
α＝α1×α2。 (3)
in the formula, α1Is a resistance-capacitance voltage divider, i.e. the voltage dividing ratio of the printed circuit board 1, α2The voltage division ratio caused by the series resistance.
The voltage division ratio of the resistance-capacitance voltage divider is as follows:
the voltage division ratio due to the series resistance is as follows:
α2＝R3/R。 (5)
in the formula, R3Is a series resistance. R is a load.
The above two methods for adjusting the pulse width may be used simultaneously or only one of them may be used.
Measured pulse voltage UiThe relationship with the oscilloscope output voltage Us is as follows:
in the formula, Z0Is the impedance of the coaxial transmission line. C1Is the high voltage arm capacitance. C2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value. j is a complex number. ω is the voltage angular frequency. U shapeiAnd (j ω) is the measured pulse voltage. U shapes(j ω) is the measured pulse voltage Ui(j ω) the corresponding oscilloscope output voltage.
Measured pulse voltage UiThe bandwidth conditions are as follows:
in the formula, Z0Is the impedance of the coaxial transmission line. C1Is the high voltage arm capacitance. C2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value. > means much larger.
5) According to the regulated measured pulse voltage UiBandwidth, to retrieve the measured pulse voltage UiAnd the output voltage Us of the oscilloscopeIs described.
In the formula, C1Is the high voltage arm capacitance. C2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value.
6) The output voltage Us of the oscilloscope is read on the oscilloscope, so that the measured pulse voltage U is calculated according to the formula 5iThe value of (c).
Claims (7)
1. A voltage measuring device based on microstrip line coupling is characterized by mainly comprising a printed circuit board (1), a high-voltage arm resistor (2), a low-voltage arm rheostat (3) and a coaxial transmission line;
the printed circuit board (1) mainly comprises an upper layer circuit board (101), a middle layer circuit board (102), a lower layer circuit board (103), an insulating board (104) and a connector (105);
the upper circuit board (101) is a circuit for current transmission; the upper layer circuit board (101) and the middle layer circuit board (102) are separated by an insulating plate material (104); the middle layer circuit board (102) and the lower layer circuit board (103) are separated by an insulating board (104);
the upper circuit board (101) has a conductive layer; the area of the conducting layer at the center of the upper circuit board (101) is larger than that of the conducting layer at the left side of the center; the area of the conducting layer at the center of the upper circuit board (101) is larger than that of the conducting layer at the right side of the center;
a through hole I (1011) for a connecting wire to pass through is arranged at the position of the left conductive layer of the upper layer circuit board (101);
the right side conductive layer of the upper layer circuit board (101) is provided with a through hole II (1022) for a connecting wire to pass through;
the upper layer circuit board (101) is provided with a joint (105);
the whole layer of the middle layer circuit board (102) is a conducting layer;
the whole layer of the lower circuit board (103) is a conductive layer;
the upper circuit board conducting layer, the middle circuit board conducting layer and an insulating plate (104) between the upper circuit board (101) and the middle circuit board (102) form a high-voltage arm capacitor;
the high-voltage arm capacitor is connected with the high-voltage arm resistor (2) in parallel;
the middle circuit board conducting layer, the lower circuit board conducting layer and an insulating plate (104) between the middle circuit board (102) and the lower circuit board (103) form a low-voltage arm capacitor;
the low-voltage arm capacitor is connected with the low-voltage arm rheostat (3) in parallel.
2. The microstrip line-coupled voltage measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the printed circuit board (1) measures the voltage signal of the pulse generator to be tested.
3. The microstrip line-coupled voltage measurement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the device also comprises an oscilloscope;
the oscilloscope is connected with one side of the coaxial transmission line; the other side of the coaxial transmission line is connected with a joint (105);
the oscilloscope receives the measured voltage signal through the coaxial transmission line and the connector connected with the coaxial transmission line;
the oscilloscope displays the waveform of the measured voltage signal.
4. The microstrip line-coupled voltage measurement device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the capacitance of the high-voltage arm capacitor is marked as C1And the resistance is denoted as R1(ii) a Capacitance C of high-voltage arm capacitor1As follows:
in the formula, S is the area of the conducting layer of the lower circuit board and the conducting layer of the middle circuit board; d is the distance between the lower circuit board and the middle circuit board; h is the distance between the upper circuit board and the middle circuit board; x is the line width of the top through-current wire; l is the length of the through-current lead wire at the top layer; m is a calculation coefficient;
the capacitance of the low-voltage arm capacitor is marked as C2And the resistance is denoted as R2；
Capacitance of low voltage armC2As follows:
wherein, the dielectric constant of the PCB board is,0is a vacuum dielectric constant; s is the area of the conducting layer of the lower circuit board and the conducting layer of the middle circuit board; d is the distance between the lower circuit board and the middle circuit board;
the impedance of the coaxial transmission line is denoted as Z0。
5. The microstrip line-coupled voltage measuring apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the equivalent circuit structure of the microstrip line-coupled voltage measuring apparatus is as follows:
recording two ends of the measured voltage as an A end and a B end respectively; recording two ends of the output voltage as a D end and an E end respectively;
the end B is grounded;
a terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1And a capacitor C2Then grounding;
a terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1And a capacitor C2Rear connection impedance Z0；
A terminal is sequentially connected with a capacitor C in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0Then connected with the D end;
a terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1And a resistance R2Then grounding;
a terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1And a resistance R2Rear connection impedance Z0；
A terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0Then connected with the D end;
a terminal is sequentially connected with a resistor R in series1Resistance R3And impedance Z0Then connecting with an E end;
impedance Z0The series load R is grounded.
6. A method for using the microstrip line-based coupled voltage measurement device of claim 5, mainly comprising the steps of:
1) selected sum impedance Z0A matched load R;
2) the high-voltage terminal of the pulse generator to be tested is connected with the through hole I (1011) through a connecting wire; the ground terminal of the pulse generator to be tested is connected with one end of the load R through a connecting wire; the other end of the load R is connected with the through hole II (1022) through a connecting wire;
3) the printed circuit board (1) measures a voltage signal of the pulse generator to be measured through a connecting line of the through hole I (1011) and the through hole II (1022);
4) according to the measured pulse voltage UiAnd output waveform UsObtaining the measured pulse voltage UiBandwidth condition, thereby measuring the pulse voltage UiAdjusting the bandwidth;
measured pulse voltage Ui and oscilloscope output voltage UsThe relationship of (a) is as follows:
in the formula, Z0Is the impedance of the coaxial transmission line; c1Is a high voltage arm capacitance value; c2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value; j is a plurality; omega is the voltage angular frequency;
measured pulse voltage UiThe bandwidth conditions are as follows:
in the formula, Z0Is the impedance of the coaxial transmission line; c1Is a high voltage arm capacitance value; c2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value;
5) according to the regulated measured pulse voltage UiBandwidth, to retrieve the measured pulse voltage UiAnd oscilloscope output voltage UsThe relationship of (1);
in the formula, C1Is a high voltage arm capacitance value; c2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value;
6) reading the output voltage U of the oscilloscopesThereby obtaining the measured pulse voltage U by calculation according to the formula (5)iThe value of (c).
7. The method of using a microstrip line-based coupled voltage measurement device according to claim 6, wherein: adjusting the pulse voltage U to be measurediThe bandwidth method includes the following two methods:
1) series resistance R at front end of measured coaxial transmission line3；
2) To the measured voltage UiSecondary voltage division is carried out to further reduce the output voltage U of the oscilloscopesThe amplitude of (d);
the partial pressure ratio α is as follows:
α＝α1×α2； (6)
in the formula, α1Is the voltage division ratio of the printed circuit board (1); α2To a series resistance R3The resulting partial pressure ratio;
the voltage division ratio of the printed circuit board (1) is as follows:
in the formula, C1Is a high voltage arm capacitance value; c2Is a low voltage arm capacitance value;
the voltage division ratio due to the series resistance is as follows:
α2＝R3/R； (8)
in the formula, R3Is a series resistance; r is a load.
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| FR2337346A1 (en) * | 1975-12-30 | 1977-07-29 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | CAPACITY MEASUREMENT BRIDGE |
| CN101839939B (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-09-14 | 重庆大学 | Subnanosecond high-voltage pulse measurement system |
| CN201780683U (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-03-30 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Signal acquisition and sending device |
| CN103187158B (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2016-12-21 | 陈永山 | A kind of electronic type voltage transformer |
| CN104267232B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2017-06-30 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of non-cpntact measurement capacitance sensor lower frequency limit extension system |
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2018
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