CN108872665B - Load switch event detection method and system based on minimum information criterion - Google Patents

Load switch event detection method and system based on minimum information criterion Download PDF

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CN108872665B
CN108872665B CN201811097516.7A CN201811097516A CN108872665B CN 108872665 B CN108872665 B CN 108872665B CN 201811097516 A CN201811097516 A CN 201811097516A CN 108872665 B CN108872665 B CN 108872665B
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翟明岳
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Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a load switch event detection method and system based on a minimum information criterion. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a switching event detection time sequence; obtaining the active power of each moment in the time sequence, and calculating the active power difference value of two adjacent moments; determining a first time period of occurrence of a load switch event according to the active power difference value; calculating each power difference value in a first time period by adopting a minimum information criterion, and determining a time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the first time period as a first time point; selecting a plurality of moments before and after the first time point respectively, and determining a second time period of the load switch event; and calculating each power difference value in the second time period by adopting a minimum information criterion, and determining a time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the second time period as the moment when the load switch event occurs. The method and the system can eliminate the influence of noise to a great extent and can effectively resist the noise.

Description

一种基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法及系统A load switching event detection method and system based on minimum information criterion

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及负载开关事件检测技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法及系统。The present invention relates to the technical field of load switch event detection, in particular to a method and system for load switch event detection based on a minimum information criterion.

背景技术Background technique

负载开关事件，是指打开负载或电气设备的电源开关或关闭电源开关的动作。负载开关事件检测是能量分解中最为重要的一步，所谓能量分解，是指将电表处读取的功率值分解为单个负载所消耗的功率值。当前用电负荷能量分解主要分为侵入式负荷分解和非侵入式负荷分解两种方法。非侵入式负荷分解方法不需要在负荷的内部用电设备上安装监测设备，只需要根据用电负荷总信息即可获得每个用电设备的负荷信息。A load switching event refers to the action of turning on the power switch of a load or electrical equipment or turning off the power switch. Load switching event detection is the most important step in energy decomposition. The so-called energy decomposition refers to decomposing the power value read at the meter into the power value consumed by a single load. At present, the energy decomposition of electricity load is mainly divided into two methods: intrusive load decomposition and non-intrusive load decomposition. The non-intrusive load decomposition method does not need to install monitoring equipment on the internal electrical equipment of the load, and only needs to obtain the load information of each electrical equipment according to the total information of the electrical load.

非侵入式负荷分解算法中，电气设备的开关事件检测是其中最重要的环节。现有的检测方法能够识别有功功率变化值比较大(如70W)的开关事件。由于系统存在噪声的缘故，某些有功功率接近阈值(即50W)的用电器在启动时引起的有功功率增加可能被系统噪声减弱，因而无法准确识别。某些使用马达的家用电器(例如粉碎机，榨汁机)，会产生严重的脉冲噪声，常见的事件检测算法噪声的影响比较大，检测性能急剧下降，尤其是噪声对事件发生时刻的确认影响非常大，往往在事件发生时刻方面产生较大的误差。In the non-intrusive load decomposition algorithm, the detection of switching events of electrical equipment is the most important link. Existing detection methods can identify switching events with relatively large changes in active power (eg, 70W). Due to the existence of noise in the system, the increase in active power caused by some electrical appliances with active power close to the threshold (ie 50W) during startup may be attenuated by the system noise, so it cannot be accurately identified. Some household appliances that use motors (such as grinders, juicers) will generate severe impulse noise. Common event detection algorithms have a large impact on noise, and the detection performance drops sharply, especially the impact of noise on the confirmation of the time of the event. Very large, often resulting in large errors in the timing of the event.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是提供一种能够有效消除噪声影响的基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法及系统。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a load switching event detection method and system based on the minimum information criterion that can effectively eliminate the influence of noise.

为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

一种基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法，包括：A load switching event detection method based on the minimum information criterion, comprising:

获取标记的负载开关事件发生时刻，在所述时刻前后各选取相同个数的多个时刻，按照时间的先后顺序建立开关事件检测时间序列；Obtaining the marked load switching event occurrence time, selecting a plurality of times of the same number before and after the time, and establishing a switching event detection time sequence according to the order of time;

获取所述时间序列内各个时刻的有功功率，计算相邻两个时刻的有功功率差值；Obtain the active power at each moment in the time series, and calculate the active power difference between two adjacent moments;

根据所述有功功率差值确定负载开关事件发生的第一时间段；determining a first time period during which the load switching event occurs according to the active power difference;

对所述第一时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第一时间点；Calculate each power difference value in the first time period using the minimum information criterion, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the first time period, and determine the minimum information criterion maximum value of the first time period The corresponding time point is the first time point;

在所述第一时间点前后各选取多个时刻，确定负载开关事件发生的第二时间段；Select multiple times before and after the first time point to determine a second time period during which the load switching event occurs;

对所述第二时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第二时间点；所述第二时间点即为负载开关事件发生的时刻。Calculate each power difference value in the second time period using the minimum information criterion, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period, and determine the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period The corresponding time point is the second time point; the second time point is the moment when the load switching event occurs.

可选的，根据所述有功功率差值确定负载开关事件发生的第一时间段，具体包括：Optionally, determining the first time period during which the load switching event occurs according to the active power difference, specifically including:

比较所述有功功率差值的大小，得到有功功率差值最大值；Comparing the magnitude of the active power difference to obtain the maximum value of the active power difference;

确定所述有功功率差值最大值对应的负载开关事件发生时刻在所述开关事件检测时间序列中的序号imax，则所述第一时间段为[0,imax]。Determine the sequence number i max in the switching event detection time series at the moment of occurrence of the load switching event corresponding to the maximum active power difference value, and the first time period is [0, i max ].

可选的，所述对所述第一时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体包括：Optionally, the calculation of each power difference in the first time period using a minimum information criterion specifically includes:

对[0,imax-1]的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The minimum information criterion is used to calculate each power difference of [0, i max -1], and the specific formula is:

AIC(i)＝ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(N-i-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}]AIC(i)=ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(Ni-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:i max )}]

其中，i为按照时间的先后顺序排列后第i时刻所在时间序列的序号，AIC(i)为序号为i的最小信息准则值，var{ΔP(0:i)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPi}的方差，ΔPi为序号为i对应的有功功率与序号为i-1对应的有功功率的差值，N为所述时间序列内有功功率的总个数，var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}为

Figure BDA0001805870710000021
的方差，ΔP0＝0，AIC(0)＝0，AIC(imax-1)＝0；Among them, i is the serial number of the time series at the i-th time after the order of time, AIC(i) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i, and var{ΔP(0:i)} is {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP i }, ΔP i is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i and the active power corresponding to the serial number i-1, N is the total number of active powers in the time series, var{ΔP (i+1:i max )} is
Figure BDA0001805870710000021
The variance of ΔP 0 =0, AIC(0)=0, AIC(i max -1)=0;

对imax采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The minimum information criterion is used to calculate i max , and the specific formula is:

AIC(imax)＝imaxlog[var{ΔP(0:imax)}]AIC(i max )=i max log[var{ΔP(0:i max )}]

其中，var{ΔP(0:imax)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPmax}的方差。where var{ΔP(0:i max )} is the variance of {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP max }.

可选的，在所述第一时间点前后各选取多个时刻，确定负载开关事件发生的第二时间段，具体包括：Optionally, multiple times are selected before and after the first time point to determine the second time period during which the load switching event occurs, specifically including:

确定所述第一时间点所在时间序列的序号i0 max；determining the serial number i 0 max of the time series where the first time point is located;

在所述序号i0 max前选取i0个序号，

Figure BDA0001805870710000031
Figure BDA0001805870710000032
表示向下取整；Select i 0 sequence numbers before the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000031
Figure BDA0001805870710000032
means round down;

在所述序号i0 max后选取i1个序号，

Figure BDA0001805870710000033
Select i 1 sequence numbers after the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000033

Figure BDA0001805870710000034
为负载开关事件发生的第二时间段。
Figure BDA0001805870710000034
is the second time period during which the load switching event occurs.

可选的，对所述第二时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体包括：Optionally, each power difference value within the second time period is calculated using a minimum information criterion, specifically including:

对

Figure BDA0001805870710000035
的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：right
Figure BDA0001805870710000035
Each power difference of , is calculated using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:

Figure BDA0001805870710000036
Figure BDA0001805870710000036

其中，

Figure BDA0001805870710000037
AIC*(i*)为序号为i*的最小信息准则值，
Figure BDA0001805870710000038
为
Figure BDA0001805870710000039
的方差，
Figure BDA00018058707100000310
为序号为i*对应的有功功率与序号为i*-1对应的有功功率的差值，
Figure BDA00018058707100000311
为
Figure BDA00018058707100000312
的方差，
Figure BDA00018058707100000313
in,
Figure BDA0001805870710000037
AIC * (i * ) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i * ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000038
for
Figure BDA0001805870710000039
Variance,
Figure BDA00018058707100000310
is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i * and the active power corresponding to the serial number i * -1,
Figure BDA00018058707100000311
for
Figure BDA00018058707100000312
Variance,
Figure BDA00018058707100000313

对

Figure BDA00018058707100000314
采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：right
Figure BDA00018058707100000314
The minimum information criterion is used for calculation, and the specific formula is:

Figure BDA00018058707100000315
Figure BDA00018058707100000315

其中，

Figure BDA00018058707100000316
为
Figure BDA00018058707100000317
的方差，ΔP0＝0。in,
Figure BDA00018058707100000316
for
Figure BDA00018058707100000317
The variance of ΔP 0 =0.

本发明还提供一种基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测系统，包括：The present invention also provides a load switch event detection system based on the minimum information criterion, comprising:

开关事件检测时间序列生成模块，用于获取标记的负载开关事件发生时刻，在所述时刻前后各选取相同个数的多个时刻，按照时间的先后顺序建立开关事件检测时间序列；a switching event detection time series generation module, used for obtaining the marked load switching event occurrence time, selecting a plurality of times of the same number before and after the said time, and establishing a switching event detection time series according to the order of time;

有功功率差值计算模块，用于获取所述时间序列内各个时刻的有功功率，计算相邻两个时刻的有功功率差值；an active power difference calculation module, configured to obtain the active power at each moment in the time series, and calculate the active power difference between two adjacent moments;

第一时间段生成模块，用于根据所述有功功率差值确定负载开关事件发生的第一时间段；a first time period generation module, configured to determine a first time period in which a load switching event occurs according to the active power difference;

第一时间点生成模块，用于对所述第一时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第一时间点；The first time point generation module is configured to use the minimum information criterion to calculate each power difference value in the first time period, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the first time period, and determine the first time period. The time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in a time period is the first time point;

第二时间段生成模块，用于在所述第一时间点前后各选取多个时刻，确定负载开关事件发生的第二时间段；The second time period generating module is configured to select a plurality of times before and after the first time point to determine the second time period in which the load switching event occurs;

负载开关事件发生时刻生成模块，用于对所述第二时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第二时间点；所述第二时间点即为负载开关事件发生的时刻。A load switch event occurrence moment generation module, configured to calculate each power difference value in the second time period using a minimum information criterion, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period, and determine the The time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the second time period is the second time point; the second time point is the time when the load switching event occurs.

可选的，第一时间段生成模块，具体包括：Optionally, the first time period generation module specifically includes:

有功功率差值比较单元，用于比较所述有功功率差值的大小，得到有功功率差值最大值；an active power difference comparison unit, configured to compare the size of the active power difference to obtain the maximum value of the active power difference;

第一时间段生成单元，用于确定所述有功功率差值最大值对应的负载开关事件发生时刻在所述开关事件检测时间序列中的序号imax，则所述第一时间段为[0,imax]。A first time period generation unit, configured to determine the sequence number i max in the switching event detection time sequence at the moment of occurrence of the load switching event corresponding to the maximum active power difference value, then the first time period is [0, i max ].

可选的，第一时间点生成模块，具体包括：Optionally, a module is generated at the first time point, specifically including:

第一最小信息准则计算单元，用于对[0,imax-1]的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The first minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to calculate each power difference of [0, i max -1] using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:

AIC(i)＝ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(N-i-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}]AIC(i)=ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(Ni-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:i max )}]

其中，i为按照时间的先后顺序排列后第i时刻所在时间序列的序号，AIC(i)为序号为i的最小信息准则值，var{ΔP(0:i)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPi}的方差，ΔPi为序号为i对应的有功功率与序号为i-1对应的有功功率的差值，N为所述时间序列内有功功率的总个数，var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}为

Figure BDA0001805870710000041
的方差，ΔP0＝0，AIC(0)＝0，AIC(imax-1)＝0；Among them, i is the serial number of the time series at the i-th time after the order of time, AIC(i) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i, and var{ΔP(0:i)} is {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP i }, ΔP i is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i and the active power corresponding to the serial number i-1, N is the total number of active powers in the time series, var{ΔP (i+1:i max )} is
Figure BDA0001805870710000041
The variance of ΔP 0 =0, AIC(0)=0, AIC(i max -1)=0;

第二最小信息准则计算单元，用于对imax采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The second minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to calculate i max using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:

AIC(imax)＝imaxlog[var{ΔP(0:imax)}]AIC(i max )=i max log[var{ΔP(0:i max )}]

其中，var{ΔP(0:imax)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPmax}的方差。where var{ΔP(0:i max )} is the variance of {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP max }.

可选的，第二时间段生成模块，具体包括：Optionally, the second time period generating module specifically includes:

第一时间点所在时间序列的序号确定单元，用于确定所述第一时间点所在时间序列的序号i0 max；a unit for determining the sequence number of the time series where the first time point is located, configured to determine the sequence number i 0 max of the time sequence where the first time point is located;

第一序号选取单元，用于在所述序号i0 max前选取i0个序号，

Figure BDA0001805870710000042
Figure BDA0001805870710000051
表示向下取整；The first sequence number selection unit is used to select i 0 sequence numbers before the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000042
Figure BDA0001805870710000051
means round down;

第二序号选取单元，用于在所述序号i0 max后选取i1个序号，

Figure BDA0001805870710000052
The second sequence number selection unit is used to select i 1 sequence numbers after the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000052

第二时间段生成单元，用于将

Figure BDA0001805870710000053
确定为负载开关事件发生的第二时间段。The second time period generation unit is used to convert the
Figure BDA0001805870710000053
A second time period determined as the load switching event occurs.

可选的，负载开关事件发生时刻生成模块，具体包括：Optionally, the generation module when the load switch event occurs, specifically including:

第三最小信息准则计算单元，用于对

Figure BDA0001805870710000054
的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The third minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to
Figure BDA0001805870710000054
Each power difference of , is calculated using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:

Figure BDA0001805870710000055
Figure BDA0001805870710000055

其中，

Figure BDA0001805870710000056
AIC*(i*)为序号为i*的最小信息准则值，
Figure BDA0001805870710000057
为
Figure BDA0001805870710000058
的方差，
Figure BDA0001805870710000059
为序号为i*对应的有功功率与序号为i*-1对应的有功功率的差值，
Figure BDA00018058707100000510
为
Figure BDA00018058707100000511
的方差，
Figure BDA00018058707100000512
in,
Figure BDA0001805870710000056
AIC * (i * ) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i * ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000057
for
Figure BDA0001805870710000058
Variance,
Figure BDA0001805870710000059
is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i * and the active power corresponding to the serial number i * -1,
Figure BDA00018058707100000510
for
Figure BDA00018058707100000511
Variance,
Figure BDA00018058707100000512

第四最小信息准则计算单元，用于对

Figure BDA00018058707100000513
采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The fourth minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to
Figure BDA00018058707100000513
The minimum information criterion is used for calculation, and the specific formula is:

Figure BDA00018058707100000514
Figure BDA00018058707100000514

其中，

Figure BDA00018058707100000515
为
Figure BDA00018058707100000516
的方差，ΔP0＝0。in,
Figure BDA00018058707100000515
for
Figure BDA00018058707100000516
The variance of ΔP 0 =0.

与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明提供了一种基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法及系统，通过采用最小信息准则进行计算，可以在很大的程度上消除噪声的影响，能够有效地对抗噪声，并且通过两次缩小确定负载开关事件发生的时间段，提高了负载开关事件检测的精度。The invention provides a load switch event detection method and system based on the minimum information criterion. By adopting the minimum information criterion for calculation, the influence of noise can be eliminated to a great extent, and the noise can be effectively resisted. Determining the time period during which the load switching event occurs improves the accuracy of load switching event detection.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

图1为本发明实施例一中基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法流程图；1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a load switch event based on a minimum information criterion in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例二中基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测系统结构图。FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a load switch event detection system based on a minimum information criterion in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

本发明的目的是提供一种能够有效消除噪声影响的基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a load switching event detection method based on the minimum information criterion which can effectively eliminate the influence of noise.

为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

实施例一：Example 1:

图1为本发明实施例中基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法流程图，如图1所示，基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法，包括：1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a load switch event based on a minimum information criterion in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method for detecting a load switch event based on a minimum information criterion includes:

步骤101：获取标记的负载开关事件发生时刻，在该时刻前后各选取相同个数的多个时刻，按照时间的先后顺序建立开关事件检测时间序列。Step 101 : Acquire the marked occurrence time of the load switching event, select a plurality of time instants with the same number before and after the time, and establish a switching event detection time series according to the time sequence.

其中，标记的负载开关事件发生时刻采用现有技术的开关事件检测方法得到，现有现有技术的开关事件检测方法为：Wherein, the time of occurrence of the marked load switching event is obtained by adopting the switching event detection method of the prior art, and the switching event detection method of the prior art is:

步骤1：计算相邻两个有功功率数据之差的绝对值，判断绝对值是否大于或等于30W，若是执行步骤3，否则执行步骤2。Step 1: Calculate the absolute value of the difference between two adjacent active power data, and determine whether the absolute value is greater than or equal to 30W. If it is, step 3 is performed, otherwise, step 2 is performed.

步骤2：读取下一时刻的有功功率数据后，继续执行步骤1。Step 2: After reading the active power data at the next moment, continue to step 1.

步骤3：将发生事件的持续时间T增加1秒，并继续执行步骤4，初始值T＝0。Step 3: Increase the duration T of the event by 1 second, and continue to perform Step 4, with the initial value T=0.

步骤4：读取下一时刻的有功功率数据，计算ΔPt+1＝Pt+1-Pt，并判断ΔPt+1绝对值是否大于或等于30W，若是则执行步骤5，否则返回执行步骤6。Step 4: Read the active power data at the next moment, calculate ΔP t+1 =P t+1 -P t , and judge whether the absolute value of ΔP t+1 is greater than or equal to 30W, if so, go to step 5, otherwise return to execute Step 6.

步骤5：读取下一时刻的有功功率数据，转入执行步骤3。Step 5: Read the active power data at the next moment, and go to Step 3.

步骤6：依据发生事件的持续时间T可获得事件的结束时刻t+T，并计算事件发生前后有功功率的改变值ΔPt+T＝Pt+T-Pt，如果ΔPt+T绝对值大于或等于50W，则执行步骤7，否则确定其为异常情况，返回执行步骤2。Step 6: According to the duration T of the event, the end time t+T of the event can be obtained, and the change value of active power before and after the event is calculated ΔP t+T =P t+T -P t , if the absolute value of ΔP t+T If it is greater than or equal to 50W, go to step 7; otherwise, determine that it is an abnormal situation, and return to step 2.

步骤7：输出结果：依据ΔPt+T的正负情况，可确定该发生事件是上升沿事件还是下降沿事件。如果ΔPt+T为正，表明有功功率增加，确定为上升沿事件，通常是用电器投入运行或状态改变导致的；否则有功功率减少，确定为下降沿事件，通常是由用电器退出运行或状态发生变化导致的。t时刻是发生事件的起始时刻，t+T时刻则是事件的结束时刻。Step 7: Output result: According to the positive and negative conditions of ΔP t+T , it can be determined whether the occurrence event is a rising edge event or a falling edge event. If ΔP t+T is positive, it indicates that the active power increases, and it is determined to be a rising edge event, which is usually caused by the electrical appliance being put into operation or a state change; caused by a state change. Time t is the start time of the event, and time t+T is the end time of the event.

步骤102：获取所述时间序列内各个时刻的有功功率，计算相邻两个时刻的有功功率差值。Step 102: Acquire the active power at each moment in the time series, and calculate the difference between the active powers at two adjacent moments.

步骤103：根据所述有功功率差值确定负载开关事件发生的第一时间段。Step 103: Determine a first time period during which a load switching event occurs according to the active power difference.

比较所述有功功率差值的大小，得到有功功率差值最大值；Comparing the magnitude of the active power difference to obtain the maximum value of the active power difference;

确定所述有功功率差值最大值对应的负载开关事件发生时刻在所述开关事件检测时间序列中的序号imax，则所述第一时间段为[0,imax]。Determine the sequence number i max in the switching event detection time series at the moment of occurrence of the load switching event corresponding to the maximum active power difference value, and the first time period is [0, i max ].

步骤104：对所述第一时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体包括：Step 104: Calculate each power difference within the first time period using a minimum information criterion, specifically including:

对[0,imax-1]的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The minimum information criterion is used to calculate each power difference of [0, i max -1], and the specific formula is:

AIC(i)＝ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(N-i-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}]AIC(i)=ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(Ni-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:i max )}]

Figure BDA0001805870710000071
Figure BDA0001805870710000071

Figure BDA0001805870710000072
Figure BDA0001805870710000072

Figure BDA0001805870710000073
Figure BDA0001805870710000073

Figure BDA0001805870710000074
Figure BDA0001805870710000074

其中，i为按照时间的先后顺序排列后第i时刻所在时间序列的序号，AIC(i)为序号为i的最小信息准则值，var{ΔP(0:i)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPi}的方差，ΔPi为序号为i对应的有功功率与序号为i-1对应的有功功率的差值，N为所述时间序列内有功功率的总个数，var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}为

Figure BDA0001805870710000075
的方差，ΔP0＝0，AIC(0)＝0，AIC(imax-1)＝0。Among them, i is the serial number of the time series at the i-th time after the order of time, AIC(i) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i, and var{ΔP(0:i)} is {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP i }, ΔP i is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i and the active power corresponding to the serial number i-1, N is the total number of active powers in the time series, var{ΔP (i+1:i max )} is
Figure BDA0001805870710000075
The variance of ΔP 0 =0, AIC(0)=0, AIC(i max -1)=0.

对imax采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The minimum information criterion is used to calculate i max , and the specific formula is:

AIC(imax)＝imaxlog[var{ΔP(0:imax)}]AIC(i max )=i max log[var{ΔP(0:i max )}]

Figure BDA0001805870710000081
Figure BDA0001805870710000081

Figure BDA0001805870710000082
Figure BDA0001805870710000082

其中，var{ΔP(0:imax)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPmax}的方差。where var{ΔP(0:i max )} is the variance of {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP max }.

比较最小信息准则值得到第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第一时间点。Comparing the minimum information criterion values to obtain the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the first time period, and determining the time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the first time period as the first time point.

步骤105：在所述第一时间点前后各选取多个时刻，确定负载开关事件发生的第二时间段。Step 105: Select multiple time points before and after the first time point to determine a second time period during which the load switching event occurs.

确定所述第一时间点所在时间序列的序号i0 max；determining the serial number i 0 max of the time series where the first time point is located;

在所述序号i0 max前选取i0个序号，

Figure BDA0001805870710000083
Figure BDA0001805870710000084
表示向下取整；Select i 0 sequence numbers before the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000083
Figure BDA0001805870710000084
means round down;

在所述序号i0 max后选取i1个序号，

Figure BDA0001805870710000085
Select i 1 sequence numbers after the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000085

Figure BDA0001805870710000086
为负载开关事件发生的第二时间段。
Figure BDA0001805870710000086
is the second time period during which the load switching event occurs.

步骤106：对所述第二时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体包括：Step 106: Calculate each power difference within the second time period using the minimum information criterion, specifically including:

对

Figure BDA0001805870710000087
的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：right
Figure BDA0001805870710000087
Each power difference of , is calculated using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:

Figure BDA0001805870710000088
Figure BDA0001805870710000088

Figure BDA0001805870710000089
Figure BDA0001805870710000089

Figure BDA00018058707100000810
Figure BDA00018058707100000810

Figure BDA00018058707100000811
Figure BDA00018058707100000811

Figure BDA00018058707100000812
Figure BDA00018058707100000812

其中，

Figure BDA00018058707100000813
AIC*(i*)为序号为i*的最小信息准则值，
Figure BDA00018058707100000814
为
Figure BDA00018058707100000815
的方差，
Figure BDA00018058707100000816
为序号为i*对应的有功功率与序号为i*-1对应的有功功率的差值，
Figure BDA00018058707100000817
为
Figure BDA0001805870710000091
的方差，
Figure BDA0001805870710000092
in,
Figure BDA00018058707100000813
AIC * (i * ) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i * ,
Figure BDA00018058707100000814
for
Figure BDA00018058707100000815
Variance,
Figure BDA00018058707100000816
is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i * and the active power corresponding to the serial number i * -1,
Figure BDA00018058707100000817
for
Figure BDA0001805870710000091
Variance,
Figure BDA0001805870710000092

对

Figure BDA0001805870710000093
采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：right
Figure BDA0001805870710000093
The minimum information criterion is used for calculation, and the specific formula is:

Figure BDA0001805870710000094
Figure BDA0001805870710000094

Figure BDA0001805870710000095
Figure BDA0001805870710000095

Figure BDA0001805870710000096
Figure BDA0001805870710000096

其中，

Figure BDA0001805870710000097
为
Figure BDA0001805870710000098
的方差，ΔP0＝0。in,
Figure BDA0001805870710000097
for
Figure BDA0001805870710000098
The variance of ΔP 0 =0.

比较最小信息准则值得到第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第二时间点；所述第二时间点即为负载开关事件发生的时刻。Comparing the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period, and determining the time point corresponding to the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period as the second time point; the second time point is the load switch the moment the event occurred.

实施例二：Embodiment 2:

图2为本发明实施例中基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法系统结构图，如图2所示，基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测系统，包括：FIG. 2 is a system structure diagram of a load switch event detection method based on a minimum information criterion in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 , the load switch event detection system based on the minimum information criterion includes:

开关事件检测时间序列生成模块201，用于获取标记的负载开关事件发生时刻，在所述时刻前后各选取相同个数的多个时刻，按照时间的先后顺序建立开关事件检测时间序列。The switch event detection time series generation module 201 is used to obtain the marked load switch event occurrence time, select multiple times of the same number before and after the time, and establish the switch event detection time series according to the time sequence.

有功功率差值计算模块202，用于获取所述时间序列内各个时刻的有功功率，计算相邻两个时刻的有功功率差值。The active power difference calculation module 202 is configured to acquire the active power at each moment in the time series, and calculate the active power difference between two adjacent moments.

第一时间段生成模块203，用于根据所述有功功率差值确定负载开关事件发生的第一时间段，具体包括：The first time period generation module 203 is configured to determine the first time period in which the load switching event occurs according to the active power difference, specifically including:

有功功率差值比较单元，用于比较所述有功功率差值的大小，得到有功功率差值最大值；an active power difference comparison unit, configured to compare the size of the active power difference to obtain the maximum value of the active power difference;

第一时间段生成单元，用于确定所述有功功率差值最大值对应的负载开关事件发生时刻在所述开关事件检测时间序列中的序号imax，则所述第一时间段为[0,imax]。A first time period generation unit, configured to determine the sequence number i max in the switching event detection time sequence at the moment of occurrence of the load switching event corresponding to the maximum active power difference value, then the first time period is [0, i max ].

第一时间点生成模块204，用于对所述第一时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第一时间点。The first time point generation module 204 is configured to use the minimum information criterion to calculate each power difference value in the first time period, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the first time period, and determine the The time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the first time period is the first time point.

第一时间点生成模块204，具体包括：The first time point generation module 204 specifically includes:

第一最小信息准则计算单元，用于对[0,imax-1]的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The first minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to calculate each power difference of [0, i max -1] using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:

AIC(i)＝ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(N-i-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}]AIC(i)=ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(Ni-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:i max )}]

Figure BDA0001805870710000101
Figure BDA0001805870710000101

Figure BDA0001805870710000102
Figure BDA0001805870710000102

Figure BDA0001805870710000103
Figure BDA0001805870710000103

Figure BDA0001805870710000104
Figure BDA0001805870710000104

其中，i为按照时间的先后顺序排列后第i时刻所在时间序列的序号，AIC(i)为序号为i的最小信息准则值，var{ΔP(0:i)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPi}的方差，ΔPi为序号为i对应的有功功率与序号为i-1对应的有功功率的差值，N为所述时间序列内有功功率的总个数，var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}为

Figure BDA0001805870710000105
的方差，ΔP0＝0，AIC(0)＝0，AIC(imax-1)＝0；Among them, i is the serial number of the time series at the i-th time after the order of time, AIC(i) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i, and var{ΔP(0:i)} is {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP i }, ΔP i is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i and the active power corresponding to the serial number i-1, N is the total number of active powers in the time series, var{ΔP (i+1:i max )} is
Figure BDA0001805870710000105
The variance of ΔP 0 =0, AIC(0)=0, AIC(i max -1)=0;

第二最小信息准则计算单元，用于对imax采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The second minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to calculate i max using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:

AIC(imax)＝imaxlog[var{ΔP(0:imax)}]AIC(i max )=i max log[var{ΔP(0:i max )}]

Figure BDA0001805870710000106
Figure BDA0001805870710000106

Figure BDA0001805870710000107
Figure BDA0001805870710000107

其中，var{ΔP(0:imax)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPmax}的方差。where var{ΔP(0:i max )} is the variance of {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP max }.

第二时间段生成模块205，用于在所述第一时间点前后各选取多个时刻，确定负载开关事件发生的第二时间段，具体包括：The second time period generating module 205 is configured to select multiple times before and after the first time point to determine the second time period during which the load switching event occurs, specifically including:

第一时间点所在时间序列的序号确定单元，用于确定所述第一时间点所在时间序列的序号i0 max；a unit for determining the sequence number of the time series where the first time point is located, configured to determine the sequence number i 0 max of the time sequence where the first time point is located;

第一序号选取单元，用于在所述序号i0 max前选取i0个序号，

Figure BDA0001805870710000108
Figure BDA0001805870710000109
表示向下取整；The first sequence number selection unit is used to select i 0 sequence numbers before the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000108
Figure BDA0001805870710000109
means round down;

第二序号选取单元，用于在所述序号i0 max后选取i1个序号，

Figure BDA0001805870710000111
The second sequence number selection unit is used to select i 1 sequence numbers after the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure BDA0001805870710000111

第二时间段生成单元，用于将

Figure BDA0001805870710000112
确定为负载开关事件发生的第二时间段。The second time period generation unit is used to convert the
Figure BDA0001805870710000112
A second time period determined as the load switching event occurs.

负载开关事件发生时刻生成模块206，用于对所述第二时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第二时间点；所述第二时间点即为负载开关事件发生的时刻。The load switch event occurrence moment generation module 206 is configured to use the minimum information criterion to calculate each power difference value in the second time period, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period, and determine the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the second time period. The time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the second time period is the second time point; the second time point is the time when the load switching event occurs.

负载开关事件发生时刻生成模块206，具体包括：The generation module 206 at the moment when the load switch event occurs, specifically includes:

第三最小信息准则计算单元，用于对

Figure BDA0001805870710000113
的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The third minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to
Figure BDA0001805870710000113
Each power difference of , is calculated using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:

Figure BDA0001805870710000114
Figure BDA0001805870710000114

Figure BDA0001805870710000115
Figure BDA0001805870710000115

Figure BDA0001805870710000116
Figure BDA0001805870710000116

Figure BDA0001805870710000117
Figure BDA0001805870710000117

Figure BDA0001805870710000118
Figure BDA0001805870710000118

其中，

Figure BDA0001805870710000119
AIC*(i*)为序号为i*的最小信息准则值，
Figure BDA00018058707100001110
为
Figure BDA00018058707100001111
的方差，
Figure BDA00018058707100001112
为序号为i*对应的有功功率与序号为i*-1对应的有功功率的差值，
Figure BDA00018058707100001113
为
Figure BDA00018058707100001114
的方差，
Figure BDA00018058707100001115
in,
Figure BDA0001805870710000119
AIC * (i * ) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i * ,
Figure BDA00018058707100001110
for
Figure BDA00018058707100001111
Variance,
Figure BDA00018058707100001112
is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i * and the active power corresponding to the serial number i * -1,
Figure BDA00018058707100001113
for
Figure BDA00018058707100001114
Variance,
Figure BDA00018058707100001115

第四最小信息准则计算单元，用于对

Figure BDA00018058707100001116
采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The fourth minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to
Figure BDA00018058707100001116
The minimum information criterion is used for calculation, and the specific formula is:

Figure BDA00018058707100001117
Figure BDA00018058707100001117

Figure BDA00018058707100001118
Figure BDA00018058707100001118

Figure BDA00018058707100001119
Figure BDA00018058707100001119

其中，

Figure BDA00018058707100001120
为
Figure BDA00018058707100001121
的方差，ΔP0＝0。in,
Figure BDA00018058707100001120
for
Figure BDA00018058707100001121
The variance of ΔP 0 =0.

本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (2)

1.一种基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测方法，其特征在于，包括：1. a load switch event detection method based on minimum information criterion, is characterized in that, comprises: 获取标记的负载开关事件发生时刻，在所述时刻前后各选取相同个数的多个时刻，按照时间的先后顺序建立开关事件检测时间序列；Obtaining the marked load switching event occurrence time, selecting a plurality of times of the same number before and after the time, and establishing a switching event detection time sequence according to the order of time; 获取所述时间序列内各个时刻的有功功率，计算相邻两个时刻的有功功率差值；Obtain the active power at each moment in the time series, and calculate the active power difference between two adjacent moments; 根据所述有功功率差值确定负载开关事件发生的第一时间段，具体包括：The first time period during which the load switching event occurs is determined according to the active power difference, which specifically includes: 比较所述有功功率差值的大小，得到有功功率差值最大值；Comparing the magnitude of the active power difference to obtain the maximum value of the active power difference; 确定所述有功功率差值最大值对应的负载开关事件发生时刻在所述开关事件检测时间序列中的序号imax，则所述第一时间段为[0,imax]；determining the sequence number i max in the switching event detection time series at the moment of occurrence of the load switching event corresponding to the maximum active power difference value, then the first time period is [0, i max ]; 对所述第一时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第一时间点；Calculate each power difference value in the first time period using the minimum information criterion, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the first time period, and determine the minimum information criterion maximum value of the first time period The corresponding time point is the first time point; 所述对所述第一时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体包括：The calculation of each power difference value within the first time period using the minimum information criterion specifically includes: 对[0,imax-1]的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The minimum information criterion is used to calculate each power difference of [0, i max -1], and the specific formula is: AIC(i)＝i log[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(N-i-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}]AIC(i)=i log[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(Ni-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:i max )}] 其中，i为按照时间的先后顺序排列后第i时刻所在时间序列的序号，AIC(i)为序号为i的最小信息准则值，var{ΔP(0:i)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPi}的方差，ΔPi为序号为i对应的有功功率与序号为i-1对应的有功功率的差值，N为所述时间序列内有功功率的总个数，var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}为
Figure FDA0002461455090000011
的方差，ΔP0＝0，AIC(0)＝0，AIC(imax-1)＝0；Among them, i is the serial number of the time series at the i-th time after the order of time, AIC(i) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i, and var{ΔP(0:i)} is {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP i }, ΔP i is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i and the active power corresponding to the serial number i-1, N is the total number of active powers in the time series, var{ΔP (i+1:i max )} is
Figure FDA0002461455090000011
The variance of ΔP 0 =0, AIC(0)=0, AIC(i max -1)=0; 对imax采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The minimum information criterion is used to calculate i max , and the specific formula is: AIC(imax)＝imaxlog[var{ΔP(0:imax)}]AIC(i max )=i max log[var{ΔP(0:i max )}] 其中，var{ΔP(0:imax)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPmax}的方差where var{ΔP(0:i max )} is the variance of {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,…,ΔP max } 在所述第一时间点前后各选取多个时刻，确定负载开关事件发生的第二时间段，具体包括：Select multiple times before and after the first time point to determine the second time period during which the load switching event occurs, specifically including: 确定所述第一时间点所在时间序列的序号i0 max；determining the serial number i 0 max of the time series where the first time point is located; 在所述序号i0 max前选取i0个序号，
Figure FDA0002461455090000012
Figure FDA0002461455090000013
表示向下取整；Select i 0 sequence numbers before the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure FDA0002461455090000012
Figure FDA0002461455090000013
means round down; 在所述序号i0 max后选取i1个序号，
Figure FDA0002461455090000014
Select i 1 sequence numbers after the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure FDA0002461455090000014
Figure FDA0002461455090000015
为负载开关事件发生的第二时间段；
Figure FDA0002461455090000015
is the second time period during which the load switching event occurs; 对所述第二时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第二时间点；所述第二时间点即为负载开关事件发生的时刻；Calculate each power difference value in the second time period using the minimum information criterion, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period, and determine the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period The corresponding time point is the second time point; the second time point is the moment when the load switching event occurs; 对所述第二时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体包括：The minimum information criterion is used to calculate each power difference in the second time period, which specifically includes: 对
Figure FDA0002461455090000021
的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：right
Figure FDA0002461455090000021
Each power difference of , is calculated using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:
Figure FDA0002461455090000022
Figure FDA0002461455090000022
 其中，
Figure FDA0002461455090000023
AIC*(i*)为序号为i*的最小信息准则值，
Figure FDA0002461455090000024
为
Figure FDA0002461455090000025
的方差，
Figure FDA0002461455090000026
为序号为i*对应的有功功率与序号为i*-1对应的有功功率的差值，
Figure FDA0002461455090000027
为
Figure FDA0002461455090000028
的方差，
Figure FDA0002461455090000029
in,
Figure FDA0002461455090000023
AIC * (i * ) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i * ,
Figure FDA0002461455090000024
for
Figure FDA0002461455090000025
Variance,
Figure FDA0002461455090000026
is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i * and the active power corresponding to the serial number i * -1,
Figure FDA0002461455090000027
for
Figure FDA0002461455090000028
Variance,
Figure FDA0002461455090000029
 对
Figure FDA00024614550900000210
采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：right
Figure FDA00024614550900000210
The minimum information criterion is used for calculation, and the specific formula is:
Figure FDA00024614550900000211
Figure FDA00024614550900000211
 其中，
Figure FDA00024614550900000212
为
Figure FDA00024614550900000213
的方差，ΔP0＝0。in,
Figure FDA00024614550900000212
for
Figure FDA00024614550900000213
The variance of ΔP 0 =0. 2.一种基于最小信息准则的负载开关事件检测系统，其特征在于，包括：2. A load switch event detection system based on a minimum information criterion, characterized in that, comprising: 开关事件检测时间序列生成模块，用于获取标记的负载开关事件发生时刻，在所述时刻前后各选取相同个数的多个时刻，按照时间的先后顺序建立开关事件检测时间序列；a switching event detection time series generation module, used for obtaining the marked load switching event occurrence time, selecting a plurality of times of the same number before and after the said time, and establishing a switching event detection time series according to the order of time; 有功功率差值计算模块，用于获取所述时间序列内各个时刻的有功功率，计算相邻两个时刻的有功功率差值；an active power difference calculation module, configured to obtain the active power at each moment in the time series, and calculate the active power difference between two adjacent moments; 第一时间段生成模块，用于根据所述有功功率差值确定负载开关事件发生的第一时间段；所述第一时间段生成模块，具体包括：A first time period generation module, configured to determine a first time period in which a load switching event occurs according to the active power difference; the first time period generation module specifically includes: 有功功率差值比较单元，用于比较所述有功功率差值的大小，得到有功功率差值最大值；an active power difference comparison unit, configured to compare the size of the active power difference to obtain the maximum value of the active power difference; 第一时间段生成单元，用于确定所述有功功率差值最大值对应的负载开关事件发生时刻在所述开关事件检测时间序列中的序号imax，则所述第一时间段为[0,imax]；A first time period generation unit, configured to determine the sequence number i max in the switching event detection time sequence at the moment of occurrence of the load switching event corresponding to the maximum active power difference value, then the first time period is [0, i max ]; 第一时间点生成模块，用于对所述第一时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第一时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第一时间点；所述第一时间点生成模块，具体包括：The first time point generation module is configured to use the minimum information criterion to calculate each power difference value in the first time period, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the first time period, and determine the first time period. The time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in a time period is the first time point; the first time point generation module specifically includes: 第一最小信息准则计算单元，用于对[0,imax-1]的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The first minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to calculate each power difference of [0, i max -1] using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is: AIC(i)＝ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(N-i-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}]AIC(i)=ilog[var{ΔP(0:i)}]+(Ni-1)log[var{ΔP(i+1:i max )}] 其中，i为按照时间的先后顺序排列后第i时刻所在时间序列的序号，AIC(i)为序号为i的最小信息准则值，var{ΔP(0:i)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPi}的方差，ΔPi为序号为i对应的有功功率与序号为i-1对应的有功功率的差值，N为所述时间序列内有功功率的总个数，var{ΔP(i+1:imax)}为
Figure FDA0002461455090000031
的方差，ΔP0＝0，AIC(0)＝0，AIC(imax-1)＝0；Among them, i is the serial number of the time series at the i-th time after the order of time, AIC(i) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i, and var{ΔP(0:i)} is {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP i }, ΔP i is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i and the active power corresponding to the serial number i-1, N is the total number of active powers in the time series, var{ΔP (i+1:i max )} is
Figure FDA0002461455090000031
The variance of ΔP 0 =0, AIC(0)=0, AIC(i max -1)=0; 第二最小信息准则计算单元，用于对imax采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The second minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to calculate i max using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is: AIC(imax)＝imaxlog[var{ΔP(0:imax)}]AIC(i max )=i max log[var{ΔP(0:i max )}] 其中，var{ΔP(0:imax)}为{ΔP0,ΔP1,…,ΔPmax}的方差；Among them, var{ΔP(0:i max )} is the variance of {ΔP 0 ,ΔP 1 ,...,ΔP max }; 第二时间段生成模块，用于在所述第一时间点前后各选取多个时刻，确定负载开关事件发生的第二时间段；所述第二时间段生成模块，具体包括：The second time period generation module is used to select multiple times before and after the first time point to determine the second time period in which the load switching event occurs; the second time period generation module specifically includes: 第一时间点所在时间序列的序号确定单元，用于确定所述第一时间点所在时间序列的序号i0 max；a unit for determining the sequence number of the time series where the first time point is located, configured to determine the sequence number i 0 max of the time sequence where the first time point is located; 第一序号选取单元，用于在所述序号i0 max前选取i0个序号，
Figure FDA0002461455090000032
Figure FDA0002461455090000033
表示向下取整；The first sequence number selection unit is used to select i 0 sequence numbers before the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure FDA0002461455090000032
Figure FDA0002461455090000033
means round down; 第二序号选取单元，用于在所述序号i0 max后选取i1个序号，
Figure FDA0002461455090000034
The second sequence number selection unit is used to select i 1 sequence numbers after the sequence number i 0 max ,
Figure FDA0002461455090000034
 第二时间段生成单元，用于将
Figure FDA0002461455090000035
确定为负载开关事件发生的第二时间段；The second time period generation unit is used to convert the
Figure FDA0002461455090000035
Determined to be the second time period during which the load switching event occurs; 负载开关事件发生时刻生成模块，用于对所述第二时间段内的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，比较最小信息准则值得到第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值，确定所述第二时间段的最小信息准则最大值对应的时间点为第二时间点；所述第二时间点即为负载开关事件发生的时刻；负载开关事件发生时刻生成模块，具体包括：A load switch event occurrence moment generation module, configured to calculate each power difference value in the second time period using a minimum information criterion, compare the minimum information criterion value to obtain the minimum information criterion maximum value of the second time period, and determine the The time point corresponding to the maximum value of the minimum information criterion in the second time period is the second time point; the second time point is the time when the load switching event occurs; the generation module for the time when the load switching event occurs, specifically includes: 第三最小信息准则计算单元，用于对
Figure FDA0002461455090000036
的各个功率差值采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The third minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to
Figure FDA0002461455090000036
Each power difference of , is calculated using the minimum information criterion, and the specific formula is:
Figure FDA0002461455090000037
Figure FDA0002461455090000037
 其中，
Figure FDA0002461455090000041
AIC*(i*)为序号为i*的最小信息准则值，
Figure FDA0002461455090000042
为
Figure FDA0002461455090000043
的方差，
Figure FDA0002461455090000044
为序号为i*对应的有功功率与序号为i*-1对应的有功功率的差值，
Figure FDA0002461455090000045
为
Figure FDA0002461455090000046
的方差，
Figure FDA0002461455090000047
in,
Figure FDA0002461455090000041
AIC * (i * ) is the minimum information criterion value with serial number i * ,
Figure FDA0002461455090000042
for
Figure FDA0002461455090000043
Variance,
Figure FDA0002461455090000044
is the difference between the active power corresponding to the serial number i * and the active power corresponding to the serial number i * -1,
Figure FDA0002461455090000045
for
Figure FDA0002461455090000046
Variance,
Figure FDA0002461455090000047
 第四最小信息准则计算单元，用于对
Figure FDA0002461455090000048
采用最小信息准则进行计算，具体公式为：The fourth minimum information criterion calculation unit is used to
Figure FDA0002461455090000048
The minimum information criterion is used for calculation, and the specific formula is:
Figure FDA0002461455090000049
Figure FDA0002461455090000049
 其中，
Figure FDA00024614550900000410
为
Figure FDA00024614550900000411
的方差，ΔP0＝0。in,
Figure FDA00024614550900000410
for
Figure FDA00024614550900000411
The variance of ΔP 0 =0.
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