CN110703149A - Method and system for detecting vibration and sound of running state of transformer by utilizing character spacing - Google Patents

Method and system for detecting vibration and sound of running state of transformer by utilizing character spacing Download PDF

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CN110703149A
CN110703149A CN201910946139.8A CN201910946139A CN110703149A CN 110703149 A CN110703149 A CN 110703149A CN 201910946139 A CN201910946139 A CN 201910946139A CN 110703149 A CN110703149 A CN 110703149A
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翟明岳
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Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a system for detecting vibration and sound of a running state of a transformer by utilizing a character space, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, inputting an actually measured vibration sound signal sequence S; and 2, judging the running state of the transformer according to the character space property. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if the Kth window character spacing HKSatisfies the judgment condition | HK|≥e0If so, at the Kth point of the signal sequence S, the transformer is in an abnormal operation state; otherwise, the transformer is in a normal operation state. Wherein e is0A threshold is determined for the operating condition.

Description

Method and system for detecting vibration and sound of running state of transformer by utilizing character spacing
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power, in particular to a method and a system for detecting vibration and sound of a transformer in an operation state.
Background
With the high-speed development of the smart grid, the safe and stable operation of the power equipment is particularly important. At present, the detection of the operating state of the power equipment with ultrahigh voltage and above voltage grades, especially the detection of the abnormal state, is increasingly important and urgent. As an important component of an electric power system, a power transformer is one of the most important electrical devices in a substation, and its reliable operation is related to the safety of a power grid.
The basic principle of the transformer operation state detection is to extract each characteristic quantity in the transformer operation, analyze, identify and track the characteristic quantity so as to monitor the abnormal operation state of the transformer. The current common detection methods for the operation state of the transformer include a pulse current method and an ultrasonic detection method for detecting partial discharge, a frequency response method for detecting winding deformation, a vibration detection method for detecting mechanical and electrical faults, and the like. The detection methods mainly detect the insulation condition and the mechanical structure condition of the transformer, wherein the detection of the vibration signal (vibration sound) of the transformer is the most comprehensive, and the fault and the abnormal state of most transformers can be reflected.
Although the transformer vibration and sound detection method is widely applied to monitoring the running state of the transformer and the technology is relatively mature, the vibration and sound detection method utilizes the vibration signal sent by the transformer and is easily influenced by the environmental noise, so that the method often cannot obtain satisfactory results when being applied in the actual working environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for detecting vibration and sound of a transformer in an operating state by utilizing a character interval. The method has the advantages of good robustness and simple calculation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a method for detecting vibration and sound of running state of a transformer by using character spacing comprises the following steps:
step 1, inputting an actually measured vibration sound signal sequence S;
and 2, judging the running state of the transformer according to the character space property. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if the Kth window character spacing HKSatisfies the judgment condition | HK|≥e0If so, at the Kth point of the signal sequence S, the transformer is in an abnormal operation state; otherwise, the transformer is in a normal operation state. Wherein e is0A threshold is determined for the operating condition.
A transformer operating state squeal detection system using a character pitch, comprising:
the acquisition module inputs an actually measured vibration sound signal sequence S;
and the judging module is used for judging the running state of the transformer according to the character space property. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if the Kth window character spacing HKSatisfies the judgment condition | HK|≥e0If so, at the Kth point of the signal sequence S, the transformer is in an abnormal operation state; otherwise, the transformer is in normal operationState. Wherein e is0A threshold is determined for the operating condition.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
although the transformer vibration and sound detection method is widely applied to monitoring the running state of the transformer and the technology is relatively mature, the vibration and sound detection method utilizes the vibration signal sent by the transformer and is easily influenced by the environmental noise, so that the method often cannot obtain satisfactory results when being applied in the actual working environment.
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for detecting vibration and sound of a transformer in an operating state by utilizing a character interval. The method has the advantages of good robustness and simple calculation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a transformer operation state vibration and sound detection method using character spacing
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting vibration and sound in a transformer operating state by using a character interval according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method for detecting the vibration and noise of the transformer operating state by using the character space specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, inputting an actually measured vibration sound signal sequence S;
and 2, judging the running state of the transformer according to the character space property. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if the Kth window character spacing HKSatisfies the judgment condition | HK|≥e0If so, at the Kth point of the signal sequence S, the transformer is in an abnormal operation state; otherwise, the transformer is in a normal operation state. Wherein e is0A threshold is determined for the operating condition.
Before the step 2, the method further comprises:
step 3, calculating the character space H of the Kth windowKAnd the operating state judgment threshold e0。
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 301, generating the nth signal first order difference sequenceThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002224188870000042
wherein:
the nth signal first-order difference sequence [ N ═ 1,2, …, N]
Sn: the above-mentionedThe nth element in the signal sequence S
S＝[S1，S2，…，SN]The length of the signal sequence is N
If the element SjSubscript j of>N, then Sj＝0。
Step 302, generating the nth signal second order difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000044
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein:
the nth signal second order difference sequence [ N ═ 1,2, …, N]
If the element SjSubscript j of>N, then Sj＝0。
Step 303, calculating the n-th signal feature vector EnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002224188870000047
wherein:
[En]i: the nth signal feature vector En1,2, …, n]
Figure BDA0002224188870000048
The nth signal first order difference sequenceThe ith element of
Figure BDA00022241888700000410
The nth signal second order difference sequence
Figure BDA00022241888700000411
The ith element of
Step 304, calculating the character space H of the Kth windowKThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002224188870000051
wherein:
Figure BDA0002224188870000052
matrix [ E ]K]TEKThe m-th feature vector of
Arranged according to the sequence of the characteristic values from big to small
Step 305, obtaining the operation state judgment threshold e0The method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein:
Figure BDA0002224188870000054
the nth signal primary differential sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000055
Mean value of
Figure BDA0002224188870000056
The nth signal secondary difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000057
Mean value of
Sequence of mean valuesMean value of
Figure BDA0002224188870000059
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA00022241888700000510
Mean value of
Figure BDA00022241888700000511
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA00022241888700000512
Mean square error of
Figure BDA00022241888700000513
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA00022241888700000514
Mean square error of
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA00022241888700000516
Maximum value of
Figure BDA00022241888700000517
Sequence of mean valuesIs measured.
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a transformer operating state vibration and noise detecting system using a character interval
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer operating state vibration and noise detection system using a character interval according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the system for detecting the vibration and sound of the operating state of the transformer by using the character spacing comprises the following structures:
the acquisition module 401 inputs an actually measured vibration and sound signal sequence S;
the judging module 402 judges the running state of the transformer according to the character space property. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if the Kth window character spacing HKSatisfies the judgment condition | HK|≥e0If so, at the Kth point of the signal sequence S, the transformer is in an abnormal operation state; otherwise, the transformer is in a normal operation state. Wherein e is0A threshold is determined for the operating condition.
The system further comprises:
a calculating module 403 for calculating the K window character spacing HKAnd the operating state judgment threshold e0。
The calculation module 403 further includes the following units, which specifically include:
a first calculation unit 4031 for generating the nth signal first order difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000061
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002224188870000062
wherein:
Figure BDA0002224188870000063
the nth signal first-order difference sequence [ N ═ 1,2, …, N]
Sn: the nth element in the signal sequence S
S＝[S1，S2，…，SN]The length of the signal sequence is N
If the element SjSubscript j of>N, then Sj＝0。
A second calculation unit 4032 for generating the nth signal second order difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000064
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002224188870000065
wherein:
Figure BDA0002224188870000066
the nth signal second order difference sequence [ N ═ 1,2, …, N]
If the element SjSubscript j of>N, then Sj＝0。
A third calculation unit 4033 for calculating the nth signal feature vector EnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002224188870000071
wherein:
[En]i: the nth signal feature vector En1,2, …, n]
Figure BDA0002224188870000072
The nth signal first order difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000073
The ith element of
Figure BDA0002224188870000074
The nth signal second order difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000075
The ith element of
A fourth calculation unit 4034 for calculating the K window character spacing HKThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002224188870000076
wherein:
Figure BDA0002224188870000077
matrix [ E ]K]TEKThe m-th feature vector of
Arranged according to the sequence of the characteristic values from big to small
A fifth calculation unit 4035 for obtaining the operation state determination threshold e0The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002224188870000081
wherein:
Figure BDA0002224188870000082
the nth signal primary differential sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000083
Mean value of
Figure BDA0002224188870000084
The nth signal secondary difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000085
Mean value of
Figure BDA0002224188870000086
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA0002224188870000087
Mean value of
Figure BDA0002224188870000088
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA0002224188870000089
Mean value of
Figure BDA00022241888700000810
Sequence of mean valuesMean square error of
Figure BDA00022241888700000812
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA00022241888700000813
Mean square error of
Figure BDA00022241888700000814
Sequence of mean valuesMaximum value of
Figure BDA00022241888700000816
Sequence of mean valuesIs measured.
The following provides an embodiment for further illustrating the invention
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the method specifically includes the following steps:
1. inputting measured vibration and sound signal data sequence
S＝[s1,s2,…,sN-1,sN]
Wherein:
s: real vibration and sound signal data sequence with length N
siI is 1,2, …, N is measured vibration sound signal with serial number i
2. Generating a first order difference sequence of signals
Figure BDA00022241888700000818
Wherein:
Figure BDA00022241888700000819
the nth signal first-order difference sequence [ N ═ 1,2, …, N]
Sn: the nth element in the signal sequence S
S＝[S1，S2，…，SN]The length of the signal sequence is N
If the element SjSubscript j of>N, then Sj＝0。
3. Generating a second order difference sequence of signals
Figure BDA0002224188870000091
Wherein:
Figure BDA0002224188870000092
the nth signal second order difference sequence [ N ═ 1,2, …, N]
If the element SjSubscript j of>N, then Sj＝0。
4. Computing signal feature vectors
Figure BDA0002224188870000093
Wherein:
[En]i: the nth signal feature vector En1,2, …, n]
Figure BDA0002224188870000094
The nth signal first order difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000095
The ith element of
Figure BDA0002224188870000096
The nth signal second order difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000097
The ith element of
5. Finding window character spacing
Wherein:
Figure BDA0002224188870000099
matrix [ E ]K]TEKThe m-th feature vector of
Arranged according to the sequence of the characteristic values from big to small
6. Calculating a threshold for determining the operating state
Figure BDA0002224188870000101
Wherein:
the nth signal primary differential sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000103
Mean value of
Figure BDA0002224188870000104
The nth signal secondary difference sequence
Figure BDA0002224188870000105
Mean value of
Figure BDA0002224188870000106
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA0002224188870000107
Mean value of
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA0002224188870000109
Mean value of
Figure BDA00022241888700001010
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA00022241888700001011
Mean square error of
Figure BDA00022241888700001012
Sequence of mean valuesMean square error of
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA00022241888700001015
Maximum value of
Figure BDA00022241888700001016
Sequence of mean values
Figure BDA00022241888700001017
Is measured.
7. Determining the operating state
And judging the running state of the transformer according to the character space property. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if the Kth window character spacing HKSatisfies the judgment condition | HK|≥e0If so, at the Kth point of the signal sequence S, the transformer is in an abnormal operation state; otherwise, transformingThe device is in a normal operation state. Wherein e is0A threshold is determined for the operating condition.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant part can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for detecting vibration and sound of a transformer running state by using character spacing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, inputting an actually measured vibration sound signal sequence S;
and 2, judging the running state of the transformer according to the character space property. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if the Kth window character spacing HKSatisfies the judgment condition | HK|≥e0If so, at the Kth point of the signal sequence S, the transformer is in an abnormal operation state; otherwise, the transformer is in a normal operation state. Wherein e is0A threshold is determined for the operating condition.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to step 2, the method further comprises:
step 3, calculating the character space H of the Kth windowKAnd the operating state judgment threshold e0。
3. The method of claim 2, wherein step 3 comprises:
step 301, generating the nth signal first order difference sequence
Figure FDA0002224188860000011
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002224188860000012
wherein:
Figure FDA0002224188860000013
the nth signal first-order difference sequence [ N ═ 1,2, …, N]
Sn: the nth element in the signal sequence S
S＝[S1，S2，…，SN]The length of the signal sequence is N
If the element SjSubscript j of>N, then Sj＝0。
Step 302, generating the nth signal second order difference sequenceThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002224188860000015
wherein:
the nth signal second order difference sequence [ N ═ 1,2, …, N]
If the element SjSubscript j of>N, then Sj＝0。
Step 303, calculating the n-th signal feature vector EnThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002224188860000021
wherein:
[En]i: the nth signal feature vector En1,2, …, n]
Figure FDA0002224188860000022
The nth signal first order difference sequence
Figure FDA0002224188860000023
The ith element of
Figure FDA0002224188860000024
The nth signal second order difference sequence
Figure FDA0002224188860000025
The ith element of
Step 304, calculating the character space H of the Kth windowKThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein:
Figure FDA0002224188860000027
matrix [ E ]K]TEKThe m-th feature vector of
Arranged according to the sequence of the characteristic values from big to small
Step 305, obtaining the operation state judgment threshold e0The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002224188860000031
wherein:
Figure FDA0002224188860000032
the nth signal primary differential sequenceMean value of
Figure FDA0002224188860000034
The nth signal secondary difference sequence
Figure FDA0002224188860000035
Mean value of
Figure FDA0002224188860000036
Sequence of mean values
Figure FDA0002224188860000037
Mean value of
Sequence of mean values
Figure FDA0002224188860000039
Mean value of
Figure FDA00022241888600000310
Sequence of mean values
Figure FDA00022241888600000311
Mean square error of
Figure FDA00022241888600000312
Sequence of mean valuesMean square error of
Figure FDA00022241888600000314
Sequence of mean valuesMaximum value of
Sequence of mean values
Figure FDA00022241888600000317
Is measured.
4. A system for detecting vibration and sound of an operating state of a transformer using a character pitch, comprising:
the acquisition module inputs an actually measured vibration sound signal sequence S;
and the judging module is used for judging the running state of the transformer according to the character space property. The method specifically comprises the following steps: if the Kth window character spacing HKSatisfies the judgment condition | HK|≥e0If so, at the Kth point of the signal sequence S, the transformer is in an abnormal operation state; otherwise, the transformer is in a normal operation state. Wherein e is0A threshold is determined for the operating condition.
5. The system of claim 4, further comprising:
a calculation module for calculating the K window character interval HKAnd the operating state judgment threshold e0。
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