CN108862973B - Device and method for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on microwave-induced directional heating technology - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on microwave-induced directional heating technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108862973B CN108862973B CN201810650310.6A CN201810650310A CN108862973B CN 108862973 B CN108862973 B CN 108862973B CN 201810650310 A CN201810650310 A CN 201810650310A CN 108862973 B CN108862973 B CN 108862973B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on a microwave-induced directional heating technology, and relates to the technical field of municipal sludge resource utilization. The method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a primary pyrolysis furnace, a microwave pyrolysis furnace, a mixer, a charging tray rotating shaft, a feeding hole, a pyrolytic carbon discharging hole, a guide plate, a rotary charging tray, a bottom furnace body, an outer furnace body, a pyrolytic carbon cooling device, a pyrolytic carbon outer discharging hole, an inner furnace body and a sealing layer; the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace form an annular furnace body structure, the mixer, the material containing tray rotating shaft, the pyrolytic carbon discharge port, the guide plate, the rotary material containing tray, the inner layer furnace body and the sealing layer are arranged in the annular furnace body, the feed port is arranged on the outer layer furnace body, and the pyrolytic carbon discharge port is arranged on the bottom layer furnace body; the rotary material containing disc is relatively statically and continuously transferred into the microwave pyrolysis furnace, so that the utilization of high-energy sites is increased, the integral heating capacity of the half-way pyrolysis sludge in the microwave pyrolysis furnace is improved, and the continuous production of the sludge pyrolysis carbon preparation is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of municipal sludge resource utilization, in particular to a device and a method for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on a microwave-induced directional heating collaborative pyrolysis principle.
Background
Municipal sludge is a product of sewage treatment, and has complex components, high yield and dual attributes of resources and pollution. The sludge contains organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other resources, but also concentrates about 50 to 80 percent of pollutants such as heavy metals, a large number of various parasites, pathogens and the like in the sewage. With the gradual improvement of the urbanization and sewage treatment standards in China, the municipal sludge (with the water content of about 80%) produced in 2016 years reaches 2300 to 4500 thousand tons. Therefore, the method is used for safely, environmentally, economically and efficiently treating the municipal sludge with huge amount and increasing quantity year by year, is an important energy and environment problem in urban development in China, and is also a difficult problem.
At present, the traditional treatment and disposal technologies for sludge at home and abroad mainly comprise anaerobic digestion, landfill, composting and incineration, but have certain limitations. In the existing sludge treatment technology, effective control of pollutants such as heavy metals and the like, cost reduction and product value increase are not well solved, so that a value-added utilization way which is more green and efficient and has a high added value of a product is to be developed.
The sludge pyrolysis carbonization technology has attracted more and more attention in recent years due to the characteristics of less harmful gas emission, recoverable energy, availability of pyrolysis carbon products and the like. Particularly, the sludge high-temperature pyrolytic carbon has the characteristics of vitrification solidification of heavy metals, carbon fixation, reduction of greenhouse gas emission, good stability and the like, can be used as a cheap adsorbent and a soil conditioner, and gradually becomes a research hotspot. However, in order to realize the stable solidification of heavy metals in a vitrification mode, the conventional high-temperature direct carbonization of sludge has the problems of time consumption, energy consumption, volatile heavy metals and the like. In the exploration method for obtaining the high-performance pyrolytic carbon by reducing energy consumption, the method of physical/chemical activation and blending biomass co-pyrolysis has certain effect on improving the quality of the carbon, but a large amount of additives not only increase the complexity and energy consumption of a process system, but also can strengthen the pollution problem of heavy metals.
Due to the advantages of selectivity, rapidity and integrity of microwave heating, the safety and carbon quality of heavy metal solidification can be obviously and rapidly improved by utilizing microwave pyrolysis sludge, and the microwave pyrolysis sludge has energy-saving potential and is concerned. However, the sludge is a weak wave absorption medium, wet sludge consumes high-quality microwave energy for low-efficiency drying, and dry sludge directly in a microwave field is difficult to reach high temperature in a short time. However, the addition of strong wave absorbing agent has the disadvantages of high energy consumption and cost for separation from pyrolytic carbon, and the risk of heavy metal secondary pollution caused by the circulating utilization of vitreous body powder in sludge carbon without separation, which hinders the continuous large-scale industrial production in the future, so that related work mostly stays in the research stage.
In conclusion, on the basis of safely solidifying heavy metals, the energy-saving and high-efficiency preparation of the peat is helpful for realizing the high value-added resource utilization of the sludge, but the existing sludge carbonization research has difficulty. 1) The pyrolysis time needs to be shortened for reducing the volatilization of heavy metals in the sludge, the heavy metals need to be stably solidified in a vitrification mode, the high-temperature pyrolysis time needs to be properly prolonged, the carbon quality also needs to be improved, and the high-efficiency realization under low energy consumption is difficult to realize only by utilizing the conventional pyrolysis. 2) Although microwave pyrolysis can be quickly heated, a strong wave-absorbing medium must be additionally added, otherwise, the temperature can not be raised for a short time, and the safe solidification of heavy metals is difficult to ensure; in addition, the existing microwave pyrolysis mostly adopts a fixed bed experimental device operated intermittently, the batch treatment materials are few, the energy consumption is high, and the materials are not mixed uniformly. Therefore, a device capable of utilizing sludge to prepare charcoal in an energy-saving and efficient manner on the basis of safely solidifying heavy metals is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on a microwave-induced directional heating technology.
The invention aims to provide a device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on a microwave-induced directional heating technology.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on microwave-induced directional heating technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention specifically discloses the following technical scheme:
firstly, the invention provides a device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on a microwave-induced directional heating technology, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a primary pyrolysis furnace, a microwave pyrolysis furnace, a mixer, a material containing tray rotating shaft, a material inlet, a slag scraping partition plate, a pyrolytic carbon discharge port, a guide plate, a variable frequency motor, a rotary material containing tray, a bottom furnace body, an outer furnace body, a pyrolytic gas burning device, a pyrolytic gas conveying pipeline, a pyrolytic carbon cooling device, a partition plate, a smoke gas discharge device, a pyrolytic carbon discharge port, an inner furnace body and a sealing layer.
The primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace form an annular furnace body structure, the circumferential length proportion of the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace can be set according to needs, and the primary pyrolysis furnace refers to a common heating furnace with a heating function.
The blender sets up in the junction of elementary pyrolysis oven and microwave pyrolysis oven, and mud gets into the microwave pyrolysis oven after accomplishing preliminary pyrolysis in the elementary pyrolysis oven through the blender mixing.
Preferably, the mixer is a toothed mixer.
The rotary material containing disc is arranged in an annular furnace body formed by the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace, the rotary material containing disc is sleeved on the material containing disc rotating shaft, the rotary material containing disc and the annular furnace body are located on the same axis, and the variable frequency motor is arranged on the material containing disc rotating shaft and provides power for the rotation of the rotary material containing disc.
The material containing disc rotating shaft is used for driving the rotating material containing disc to rotate, so that the sludge is uninterruptedly transferred into the microwave pyrolysis furnace from the primary pyrolysis furnace, the primary pyrolysis and microwave induced pyrolysis processes of the sludge are continuously carried out, and the prepared sludge carbon is conveyed into the pyrolysis carbon cooling device.
The upper portion of elementary pyrolysis oven is provided with the feed inlet, and the feed inlet is installed on outer furnace body, and the mud after drying, smashing gets into elementary pyrolysis oven through the feed inlet.
The feed inlet, scrape sediment baffle, pyrolytic carbon discharge port and deflector and adjacent setting in proper order, and scrape sediment baffle and pyrolytic carbon discharge port and deflector and all set up in the microwave pyrolysis oven.
The main function of scraping the sediment baffle is that the clearance adheres to the mud charcoal on rotatory containing tray surface, and the rotatory containing tray of clean up begins to transport next batch dry sludge, carries out the preliminary pyrolysis and the microwave pyrolysis process of new round, and whole containing tray is continuous type work.
The main function of the pyrolytic carbon discharge port and the guide plate is to discharge sludge carbon obtained by microwave pyrolysis into the pyrolytic carbon cooling device.
Elementary pyrolysis oven and microwave pyrolysis oven form annular furnace body structure, and the outside comprises bottom furnace body and outer furnace body, and inside is provided with the inlayer furnace body, and outer furnace body and inlayer furnace body have constituted double-deck furnace body structure, and this kind of double shell helps preventing microwave in the microwave pyrolysis oven from leaking, reduces the scattering and disappearing of heat in the elementary pyrolysis oven, prevents revealing of the pyrolysis gas that the pyrolysis in-process produced, guarantees pyrolysis process safe operation.
The sealing layer is arranged between the rotary material containing disc and the inner layer furnace body, the upper end of the sealing layer is connected with the inner layer furnace body in a sealing mode, the lower end of the sealing layer is connected with the rotary material containing disc in a sliding mode, and the rotary material containing disc, the inner layer furnace body and the sealing layer form a closed space, so that a sealed environment is provided for pyrolysis of sludge.
The pyrolysis gas incineration device is arranged on the lower portion of the primary pyrolysis furnace, the starting end of the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline is arranged on the upper portion of the microwave pyrolysis furnace, the other end of the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline is located in the pyrolysis gas incineration device, pyrolysis gas generated in the microwave induction pyrolysis process is conveyed to the pyrolysis gas incineration device through the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline to be incinerated, and heat generated after incineration is used as an auxiliary heat source of the primary pyrolysis furnace.
Preferably, a high-temperature smoke exhaust fan is installed in the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline so as to convey the pyrolysis gas to the pyrolysis gas incineration device for incineration.
The pyrolytic carbon cooling device is arranged at the lower part of the microwave pyrolysis furnace, is mainly used for storing and cooling sludge carbon prepared in the microwave pyrolysis furnace, and the sludge carbon is discharged into the pyrolytic carbon cooling device through a pyrolytic carbon discharge port and a guide plate after being prepared, and is transported out of the pyrolytic carbon cooling device after being cooled.
The partition plate is arranged between the pyrolysis gas incineration device and the pyrolysis carbon cooling device, so that the lower-layer space of the annular furnace body formed by the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace is divided into the pyrolysis gas incineration device and the pyrolysis carbon cooling device.
The smoke gas discharge device is arranged in the pyrolysis gas incineration device, and smoke gas after pyrolysis gas incineration is discharged after being processed and qualified by the smoke gas discharge device.
Preferably, a heat exchanger is arranged in the flue gas discharge device, and flue gas generated after pyrolysis gas incineration is discharged after heat exchange of the heat exchanger so as to recover waste heat in the flue gas.
The outer discharging port of the pyrolytic carbon is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolytic carbon cooling device and used for discharging cooled sludge carbon.
Preferably, outer furnace body surface is provided with the insulating layer, prevents that the furnace body from scalding the staff.
Secondly, the invention provides a method for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on a microwave-induced directional heating technology, which comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, drying the sludge, conveying the sludge to a crusher to be crushed to a required particle size, and transferring the sludge to a cache bin for later use;
(2) feeding the sludge in the step (1) into a primary pyrolysis furnace from a feeding hole, carrying out continuous primary pyrolysis under the rotation of a rotary material containing disc, carrying out the primary pyrolysis process in an inert atmosphere, and obtaining half-way pyrolysis sludge after the primary pyrolysis is finished;
(3) uniformly mixing the half-process pyrolysis sludge in the step (2) through a mixer, and then feeding the mixture into a microwave pyrolysis furnace for microwave induced pyrolysis to obtain sewage peat after pyrolysis is finished, meanwhile, conveying pyrolysis gas generated in the microwave induced pyrolysis process to a pyrolysis gas incineration device through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline for incineration, wherein the heat generated after incineration is used as an auxiliary heat source of a primary pyrolysis furnace;
(4) discharging sludge carbon obtained after microwave induced pyrolysis in the step (3) into a pyrolytic carbon cooling device through a pyrolytic carbon discharge port and a guide plate, and conveying the sludge carbon out of the pyrolytic carbon cooling device through a pyrolytic carbon discharge port after cooling;
(5) after the sludge scraping partition plate cleans sludge attached to the surface of the rotary material containing disc, the rotary material containing disc starts to convey the next batch of dry sludge, a new round of preliminary pyrolysis and microwave pyrolysis is carried out, and the whole material containing disc works continuously.
In the step (3), the primary pyrolysis adopts a short-time and high-temperature pyrolysis mode, so that the heavy metal volatilization is reduced while the sludge is rapidly and partially carbonized, and the heavy metal enrichment degree is improved.
In the step (4), the purpose of uniformly mixing the half-way pyrolysis sludge is as follows: the carbonization and the non-carbonization parts in the half-range pyrolysis sludge are uniformly mixed, the dispersion degree of high-energy sites (such as the sludge carbonization part, the high-energy sites have strong microwave absorption heat generation capacity, the temperature of the high-energy sites can rapidly rise in the microwave and become high-temperature sites within a certain range) in the half-range pyrolysis sludge is increased, the microwave absorption capacity of the half-range pyrolysis sludge is improved, the utilization rate of the microwave is further improved, and the half-range pyrolysis sludge can rapidly reach the vitrification temperature in the microwave pyrolysis stage.
In the step (5), during the microwave pyrolysis, the thermal effect and the multi-effect coupling effect of discharging and the like of high-energy sites in the half-way pyrolysis sludge in the microwave are utilized to raise the temperature to 1000-2000 ℃ in a short time, so that the pore structure of the sludge coal is improved, and the SiO in the sludge ash is promoted2、Al2O3And the glass body is formed by rapid melting to achieve the purpose of safely solidifying the heavy metal.
The basic concept of the invention is as follows: on the basis of not adding any other additional physical/chemical activation additive, the crushed dry sludge is subjected to short-time high-temperature pyrolysis in a common heating furnace to realize partial carbonization, and the enrichment degree of heavy metals is improved, so that a matrix (half-way pyrolysis sludge) of microwave-enhanced absorption and high-performance pyrolysis carbon is obtained; then the half-way pyrolysis sludge is sent into a microwave oven, and the thermal effect and the multi-effect coupling effect of discharge and the like of high-energy sites in the half-way pyrolysis sludge in the microwave are utilized to raise the temperature to 1000-2000 ℃ in a short time by controlling the microwave power and the irradiation time, so that the SiO in the sludge ash is promoted to2、Al2O3The glass body is formed by fast melting to safely solidify heavy metal, and meanwhile, pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis process and the pyrolysis of minerals such as carbonate and the likeThe escape of gas improves the pore structure of the peat, so that the sludge carbon prepared by the invention can be used as a good adsorbent and a soil conditioner. In addition, the whole pyrolysis process is at a high temperature, and the high-temperature pyrolysis gas is mainly used besides the pyrolysis carbon, so if the high-temperature pyrolysis gas is used as an auxiliary heat source for drying the sludge and assisting primary pyrolysis, the reutilization of pyrolysis waste heat can be realized, and the energy consumption can be further reduced due to the short time and high microwave utilization efficiency of the whole pyrolysis process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method is characterized in that firstly, the sludge is pyrolyzed in half way, the sludge is partially carbonized, the enrichment degree of heavy metals is improved, so that a matrix of microwave-reinforced absorption and high-performance pyrolytic carbon is obtained, then the pyrolyzed sludge in half way is relatively statically and continuously transferred to a microwave pyrolysis furnace through a rotary material containing disc, the utilization of high-energy sites is increased, and the integral heating capacity of the pyrolyzed sludge in the microwave pyrolysis furnace is improved; if the semi-pyrolysis sludge falls into the microwave pyrolysis section dynamically, part of high-energy sites can be flushed away from the semi-pyrolysis sludge by airflow, so that the degree of micro-domain high-temperature vitrification solidification of heavy metals is weakened, and the safety of the sludge is influenced finally.
(2) The rotary material containing disc is relatively statically and continuously transferred into the microwave pyrolysis furnace, so that the utilization of high-energy sites is increased, the integral heating capacity of the half-way pyrolysis sludge in the microwave pyrolysis furnace is improved, and the continuous production of the sludge pyrolysis carbon preparation is realized.
(3) The invention makes full use of the multi-effect coupling effects of the heat effect, the discharge and the like of carbon in the microwave, not only can quickly reach the high temperature of 1000-2000 ℃, but also can improve the utilization efficiency of the microwave energy by 70-80 percent; meanwhile, the invention combines the pyrolysis oven and the microwave oven to operate, thereby saving the cost brought by physical/chemical activation additives.
(4) According to the invention, on the basis of not adding any other additional physical/chemical activation additive, pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis process is used as an auxiliary heat source to carry out drying and auxiliary primary pyrolysis on sludge, so that not only is the multi-stage utilization of waste heat realized, but also the safe solidification of heavy metals in the sludge and the energy-saving and efficient preparation of sludge carbon production are realized, and a new way is provided for energy-saving and efficient control of pollutants such as heavy metals in the sludge and high-added-value resource utilization of the sludge.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on microwave-induced directional heating technology.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the inner layer of the device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology.
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the device for producing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology.
FIG. 4 is an external elevation view of the apparatus for producing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on microwave induced directional heating technology according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a left-view A-A cross-sectional view of the device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology.
FIG. 6 is a front view B-B section of the device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on microwave-induced directional heating technology.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote: 1-a primary pyrolysis furnace, 2-a microwave pyrolysis furnace, 3-a mixer, 4-a material containing tray rotating shaft, 5-a material inlet, 6-a slag scraping partition plate, 7-a pyrolysis carbon discharge port and a guide plate, 8-a variable frequency motor, 9-a rotary material containing tray, 10-a bottom layer furnace body, 11-an outer layer furnace body, 12-a pyrolysis gas burning device, 13-a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline, 14-a pyrolysis carbon cooling device, 15-a partition plate, 16-a flue gas discharge device, 17-a pyrolysis carbon discharge port, 18-an inner layer furnace body and 19-a sealing layer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As described in the background, the existing sludge carbonization and equipment thereof have the following difficulties: 1) the pyrolysis time needs to be shortened for reducing the volatilization of heavy metals in the sludge, the heavy metals need to be stably solidified in a vitrification mode, the high-temperature pyrolysis time needs to be properly prolonged, the carbon quality also needs to be improved, and the high-efficiency realization under low energy consumption is difficult to realize only by utilizing the conventional pyrolysis. 2) Although microwave pyrolysis can be quickly heated, a strong wave-absorbing medium must be additionally added, otherwise, the temperature can not be raised for a short time, and the safe solidification of heavy metals is difficult to ensure; in addition, the existing microwave pyrolysis mostly adopts a fixed bed experimental device operated intermittently, so that the batch treatment of materials is less, the energy consumption is high, and the materials are not mixed uniformly; therefore, the invention provides a method for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on a microwave-induced directional heating technology, and the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6, a device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on microwave-induced directional heating technology comprises: the device comprises a primary pyrolysis furnace 1, a microwave pyrolysis furnace 2, a mixer 3, a charging tray rotating shaft 4, a feeding hole 5, a slag scraping partition plate 6, a pyrolysis carbon discharging hole and guide plate 7, a variable frequency motor 8, a rotary charging tray 9, a bottom layer furnace body 10, an outer layer furnace body 11, a pyrolysis gas burning device 12, a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 13, a pyrolysis carbon cooling device 14, a partition plate 15, a smoke gas discharging device 16, a pyrolysis carbon discharging hole 17, an inner layer furnace body 18 and a sealing layer 19.
The primary pyrolysis furnace 1 and the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2 form an annular furnace body structure, the perimeter proportion of the primary pyrolysis furnace 1 and the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2 can be set according to requirements, and the primary pyrolysis furnace refers to a common heating furnace with a heating function.
The mixer 3 is arranged at the joint of the primary pyrolysis furnace 1 and the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2, and the sludge is uniformly mixed through the mixer 3 after primary pyrolysis is completed in the primary pyrolysis furnace 1 and then enters the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2; the blender is a blender with spike teeth.
The material containing tray rotating shaft 4 is used for driving the rotating material containing tray 9 to rotate, so that the sludge is uninterruptedly transferred from the primary pyrolysis furnace 1 to the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2, the primary pyrolysis and microwave induced pyrolysis processes of the sludge are continuously carried out, and the prepared sludge carbon is conveyed to the pyrolytic carbon cooling device 14.
The upper portion of elementary pyrolysis oven 1 is provided with feed inlet 5, and feed inlet 5 installs on outer furnace body 11, and the mud after drying, smashing passes through feed inlet 5 and gets into in the elementary pyrolysis oven 1. The feed inlet 5, scrape sediment baffle 6, pyrolytic carbon discharge port and deflector 7 and adjacent setting in proper order, and scrape sediment baffle 6 and pyrolytic carbon discharge port and deflector 7 and all set up in microwave pyrolysis oven 2.
The main function of the slag scraping partition plate 6 is to clean sludge carbon attached to the surface of the rotary material containing disc 9, the clean rotary material containing disc 9 starts to convey the next batch of dry sludge, a new round of preliminary pyrolysis and microwave pyrolysis process is carried out, and the whole material containing disc works continuously.
The primary pyrolysis furnace 1 and the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2 form an annular furnace body structure, the exterior of the annular furnace body structure is composed of a bottom layer furnace body 10 and an outer layer furnace body 11, an inner layer furnace body 18 is arranged inside the annular furnace body structure, and the outer layer furnace body 11 and the inner layer furnace body 18 form a double-layer furnace body structure.
The sealing layer 19 is arranged between the rotary material containing tray 9 and the inner layer furnace body 18, the upper end of the sealing layer 19 is connected with the inner layer furnace body 18 in a sealing mode, the lower end of the sealing layer 19 is connected with the rotary material containing tray 9 in a sliding mode, and the rotary material containing tray 9, the inner layer furnace body 18 and the sealing layer 19 form a closed space, so that a sealing environment is provided for pyrolysis of sludge.
The pyrolysis gas incineration device 12 is arranged on the lower portion of the primary pyrolysis furnace 1, the starting end of the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 13 is arranged on the upper portion of the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2, the other end of the pyrolysis gas incineration device 12 is located, pyrolysis gas generated in the microwave induced pyrolysis process is conveyed to the pyrolysis gas incineration device 12 through the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 13 to be incinerated, and heat generated after incineration is used as an auxiliary heat source of the primary pyrolysis furnace 1. And a high-temperature smoke exhaust fan is arranged in the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 13.
The pyrolytic carbon cooling device 14 is arranged at the lower part of the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2 and mainly used for storing and cooling the sludge carbon prepared in the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2, the sludge carbon is discharged into the pyrolytic carbon cooling device 14 through the pyrolytic carbon outlet and the guide plate 7 after being prepared, and the sludge carbon is transported out of the pyrolytic carbon cooling device 14 after being cooled.
The partition plate 15 is arranged between the pyrolysis gas incineration device 12 and the pyrolysis carbon cooling device 14, so that the lower-layer space of the annular furnace body formed by the primary pyrolysis furnace 1 and the microwave pyrolysis furnace 2 is divided into two parts, namely the pyrolysis gas incineration device 12 and the pyrolysis carbon cooling device 14.
The flue gas discharge device 16 is arranged in the pyrolysis gas incineration device 12, and the flue gas after pyrolysis gas incineration is discharged after being processed by the flue gas discharge device 16.
The flue gas discharge device 16 is provided with a heat exchanger, and flue gas after pyrolysis gas incineration is discharged after heat exchange of the heat exchanger so as to recover waste heat in the flue gas. And the pyrolytic carbon outer discharge port 17 is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolytic carbon cooling device 14 and is used for discharging cooled sludge carbon. The outer surface of the outer layer furnace body 11 is provided with a heat insulation layer.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides a device based on microwave induction directional heating technique pyrolysis mud system charcoal which characterized in that: the device comprises: the device comprises a primary pyrolysis furnace, a microwave pyrolysis furnace, a mixer, a material containing tray rotating shaft, a material inlet, a pyrolytic carbon discharge port, a guide plate, a rotary material containing tray, a pyrolytic carbon cooling device, a pyrolytic carbon outer discharge port, a bottom furnace body, an outer furnace body, an inner furnace body and a sealing layer;
the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace form an annular furnace body structure, the mixer is arranged at the joint of the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace, and the sludge is uniformly mixed by the mixer after primary pyrolysis is completed in the primary pyrolysis furnace and then enters the microwave pyrolysis furnace;
the rotary material containing disc is arranged in an annular furnace body formed by the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace, the rotary material containing disc is sleeved on a material containing disc rotating shaft, and the material containing disc rotating shaft, the rotary material containing disc and the annular furnace body are positioned on the same axis;
the upper part of the primary pyrolysis furnace is provided with a feed inlet, the feed inlet is arranged on the outer layer furnace body, the pyrolytic carbon discharge port and the guide plate are arranged adjacent to the feed inlet, and the pyrolytic carbon discharge port and the guide plate are arranged in the microwave pyrolysis furnace;
the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace form an annular furnace body structure, the outer part of the primary pyrolysis furnace and the microwave pyrolysis furnace is composed of a bottom layer furnace body and an outer layer furnace body, the inner layer furnace body is arranged in the annular furnace body structure, and the outer layer furnace body and the inner layer furnace body form a double-layer furnace body structure; the sealing layer is arranged between the rotary material containing disc and the inner layer furnace body, the upper end of the sealing layer is connected with the inner layer furnace body in a sealing mode, the lower end of the sealing layer is connected with the rotary material containing disc in a sliding mode, and the rotary material containing disc, the inner layer furnace body and the sealing layer form a closed space;
the pyrolytic carbon cooling device is arranged at the lower part of the microwave pyrolysis furnace; the outer discharge port of the pyrolytic carbon is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolytic carbon cooling device.
2. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 1, wherein: the device is still including scraping the sediment baffle, the feed inlet, scrape sediment baffle, pyrolytic carbon discharge port and deflector adjacent setting in proper order, and scrape sediment baffle and pyrolytic carbon discharge port and deflector and all set up in the microwave pyrolysis oven.
3. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 2, wherein: the device also comprises a pyrolysis gas incineration device which is arranged at the lower part of the primary pyrolysis furnace.
4. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline, wherein the starting end of the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline is arranged on the upper part of the microwave pyrolysis furnace, and the other end of the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline is positioned in the pyrolysis gas burning device.
5. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 4, wherein: the device still includes the subregion baffle, the subregion baffle sets up and burns between device and pyrolytic carbon cooling device at pyrolysis gas to the lower floor space that forms annular furnace body with elementary pyrolysis oven and microwave pyrolysis oven is divided into pyrolysis gas and burns device and pyrolytic carbon cooling device two parts.
6. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 5, wherein: the device also comprises a smoke discharge device which is arranged in the pyrolysis gas incineration device.
7. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a variable frequency motor, and the variable frequency motor is arranged on the rotating shaft of the material containing disc.
8. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 4, wherein: and a high-temperature smoke exhaust fan is arranged in the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline.
9. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 6, wherein: and a heat exchanger is arranged in the smoke exhaust device.
10. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the outer layer furnace body is provided with a heat insulation layer.
11. The device for preparing charcoal by pyrolyzing sludge based on the microwave-induced directional heating technology according to claim 1, wherein: the blender is a blender with spike teeth.
12. A process for the preparation of peat using a device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, drying the sludge, conveying the sludge to a crusher to be crushed to a required particle size, and transferring the sludge to a cache bin for later use;
(2) feeding the sludge in the step (1) into a primary pyrolysis furnace from a feeding hole, carrying out continuous primary pyrolysis under the rotation of a rotary material containing disc, carrying out the primary pyrolysis process in an inert atmosphere, and obtaining half-way pyrolysis sludge after the primary pyrolysis is finished;
(3) uniformly mixing the half-process pyrolysis sludge in the step (2) through a mixer, and then feeding the mixture into a microwave pyrolysis furnace for microwave induced pyrolysis to obtain sewage peat after pyrolysis is finished, meanwhile, conveying pyrolysis gas generated in the microwave induced pyrolysis process to a pyrolysis gas incineration device through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline for incineration, wherein the heat generated after incineration is used as an auxiliary heat source of a primary pyrolysis furnace;
(4) discharging sludge carbon obtained after microwave induced pyrolysis in the step (3) into a pyrolytic carbon cooling device through a pyrolytic carbon discharge port and a guide plate, and conveying the sludge carbon out of the pyrolytic carbon cooling device through a pyrolytic carbon discharge port after cooling;
(5) after the sludge scraping partition plate cleans sludge attached to the surface of the rotary material containing disc, the rotary material containing disc starts to convey the next batch of dry sludge, a new round of preliminary pyrolysis and microwave pyrolysis is carried out, and the whole material containing disc works continuously.
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| CN113265267A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-17 | 山东大学 | Process and system for producing hydrogen by combining reduction and quality improvement of pickling sludge and waste plastics through microwave multi-effect coupling induction |
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| CN204490701U (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-07-22 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Oily sludge pyrolysis plant |
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