CN108852484A - Bone window protective device and preparation method after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy - Google Patents
Bone window protective device and preparation method after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108852484A CN108852484A CN201810247440.5A CN201810247440A CN108852484A CN 108852484 A CN108852484 A CN 108852484A CN 201810247440 A CN201810247440 A CN 201810247440A CN 108852484 A CN108852484 A CN 108852484A
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- extexine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B2017/568—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor produced with shape and dimensions specific for an individual patient
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Abstract
The invention discloses bone window protective device and preparation methods after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy; it solves that poor bone window protective device and scalp adhesion in the prior art, easy movement, stress distribution is unbalanced, wears the problems such as inconvenient; it has many advantages, such as definite effect, safety, good suitability with patient body-surface morphosis, with convenient when wearing, applicating property is good, uniform force comfort level is high, stability is good, beautiful, economical, environmentally friendly；Its technical solution is：Including protection board and fixed device, the protection board includes the extexine and inner sandwich layer formed by 3D printing, and inner core is placed on the inside of extexine；The shape of the extexine is adapted with bone window region, and the outer surface of the extexine has the fixation device for stablizing bone window protection board；Do thickening processing in the edge of the extexine；The extexine and inner sandwich layer are respectively provided with multiple ventholes, and inner sandwich layer has multiple apertures separately to reinforce the combination between inner sandwich layer and extexine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bone windows after the field of medical instrument technology more particularly to a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy to protect
Protection unit and preparation method.
Background technique
Skull decompressive craniectomy is that neurosurgery often uses one of modus operandi, be applied to more certain severe craniocerebral traumas,
The patients such as infarct after cerebral hemorrhage hernia cerebri or middle cerebral artery occlusion.It is postoperative to have left larger bone window, and early stage is for decompression
Bone window to the later period at subsequent brain damage the reason of.If many adverse effects can be brought by not being protected：Intracranial pressure is difficult to
It maintains within the scope of steady, bone window brain tissue and can directly be hurt because of external force, brain tissue loses and external is supported on position chanP or cough
It is frequently subjected to displacement and damages when coughing, holding one's breath, the secondary hydrops of cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorder and hydrocephalus, brain tissue hernia go out by card crushing
Wound, brain surface vein are caused venous return obstacle to aggravate Brain edema by card pressure.The brain tissue of bulging is to cranioplasty also band
It bothers, promotes brain tissue to reset sometimes for puncturing ventricles of the brain release cerebrospinal fluid in art, even need to open dura mater excision sometimes
The brain tissue of partial necrosis softening, to increase wound, extend operating time, increase operation risk.
In addition go up to cause to be not suitable with rapidly because being chronically at patient that low intracranial pressure state the has intracranial pressure after skull repairing
And there is aggravation, volume reduction measure row skull repairing is taken in the especially preoperative obvious art of Naoning tablet.There are also partially bone
Hydrocephalic patient occurs after valve decompression, implements hydrocephalus bypass simultaneously in advance or when row cranioplasty, and it is real
On border row hydrocephalus point can not be needed because the normal hydrocephalus of intracranial pressure recovery can voluntarily be alleviated after part patient's skull neoplasty
Art is flowed, operation risk and financial burden is caused to increase.If this some patients early stage wears the protective devices such as bone window protection board not
Can only prevent it is hydrocephalic avoid row hydrocephalus bypass, and help to receive cranioplasty patient steadily to spend
Postoperative intracranial pressure adjusts the rebalancing phase.
Bone window is larger to appearance effects, this has restored patient for mind and has further restored especially significant, and there are also parts
Patient may be long-term for some reason or even no longer row cranioplasty is preferably protected with greater need for a kind of pair of appearance error-correcting effect and arranged throughout one's life
It applies, wearing suitable bone window protective device is practical, effective selection.In short, skull bone window protective device is for going bone flap to subtract
Pressing postoperative intracranial pressure to be down to, normal preoperative to skull repairing later and skull repairing is postoperative all significant.
Existing head bone window protective device and local applying property of scalp are poor, stability difference is easily mobile, it is biggish outer to need
Power, which is fixed, stress distribution is unbalanced is difficult to be resistant to the local scalp of even damage, therefore haves the shortcomings that safety and reliability is poor；Separately
It is outer some add pressure monitoring and controlling device, that there are costs of manufacture is high, complicated for operation for helmet shape skull bone window protective device, wears not just
Just, the practicability is poor the shortcomings that, such as maintenance is complicated, appearance effects are big.Skull bone window tension variation is intracranial pressure variation and head at bone window
The result of the soft tissues own mechanical tension comprehensive function such as skin, muscle, dura mater.Intracranial pressure is gradually built up after decompressive craniectomy
New balance, if not encephalic occur neopathy become or bone window at suddenly exhaled caused by by external force, position suddenly change, epilepsy
The significant change of intracranial pressure will not generally be occurred without reason by inhaling brain caused by inhibiting the encephalic venous return stasis of blood stagnant or violent cough etc. and swinging
Change, sticking good protection board with bone window edge, capitiform is actually the best pressure balance for meeting normal calvarial protective effect
Device, can effectively avoid brain displacement keep intracranial pressure it is steady, so these protective devices with pressure testing and controlling structure is complicated production
At high cost, inconvenient to use, deficient reliable therefore practicability is not high.These protective devices lead to clinical practice application very because of disadvantages described above
It is few.
Summary of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides bone windows after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy to protect
Protection unit and preparation method have good suitability with patient body-surface morphosis, the good, stress with applicating property when wearing
The advantages that uniform comfort level is high, stability is good.
The present invention adopts the following technical solutions：
Bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy, including protection board and fixed device, the guarantor
Backplate includes the extexine and inner sandwich layer formed by 3D printing, and extexine has inner surface and outer surface；Inner core stratification
In the inside of extexine；The shape of the extexine is adapted with bone window region, and the outer surface of the extexine, which has, to be used for
Stablize the fixation device of bone window；The edge of the extexine does thickening processing, to improve comfort level when wearing；The extexine
Multiple ventholes are respectively provided with inner sandwich layer, inner sandwich layer separately there are multiple apertures, can not only increase gas permeability but also can increase protection board not
Combination fastness between same layer.
Further, the inner sandwich layer is high-intensitive sandwich layer, is made of metal or high-intensitive synthetic material, inner sandwich layer plays branch
Support effect.
Further, the thickness range of the inner sandwich layer is 0.5mm~1.5mm.
Further, the extexine is made of soft material, such as silica gel, plastic or other material.
Further, the inner surface thickness range of the extexine is 0.5mm~1.5mm.
Further, the edge of the extexine exceeds 2~3cm of bone window edge.
Further, adaptability trimming is done when close to raised structures.
Further, the outer surface of the extexine has several fixation holes, and fixed device passes through the fixation hole.
Further, the fixed device is Elastic bandage or elastic cap.
The preparation method of bone window protective device, includes the following steps after 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy：
Step (1) carries out CT-3D scan rebuilding to patient's head after decompressive craniectomy, and collects 3D scanning information；
Step (2) corresponds to the body surface data information at art side seam window range and edge according to side is good for, and does left and right mirror image processing, obtains
To art side seam window range and the data information of edge body surface anatomical features；
The protective device of covering bone window range is made according to the data information of 3D printing technique for step (3).
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) the bone window protection board that the present invention is made according to patient's head CT surface sweeping data by 3D printing technique, due to system
Make shape from patient itself head scanning data, protection board can be matched accurately with the dissection of bone window region, therefore be protected
Plate is bonded close, proper, uniform force, stabilization, safety when wearing with region cuticle topography is worn；
(2) extexine of the invention is the softer tough material such as silica gel, and has sufficient venthole, therefore its comfort level, resistance to
It is significantly improved by the more other skull bone window protective devices of property；
(3) since the above general hospital of current most diformazans is provided with the row cranium brain 3D condition of scanning, when patient needs
Row scans when checking cranium brain CT examination, does not need specially to check；It, can and as 3D printing technique is increasingly mature and promotes
Technical requirements existing for energy are easier to solve；
(4) Elastic bandage, the elastic cap etc. of protection board of the invention and fixed protection board are used again after can cleaning, and are easy to
Maintenance；The protection board has that treatment process simple, low manufacture cost, consumptive material used are few, environmentally protective, maintenance is simple, using the longevity
The features such as life is long, effect is good.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is diagrammatic cross-section of the invention；
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the 3D rendering example rebuild after patient's skull CT scanning；
Wherein, 1- extexine, 2- inner sandwich layer, 3- venthole, 4- fixation hole.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As background technique is introduced, exist in the prior art bone window protective device and scalp adhesion is poor, easy movement,
Stress distribution is unbalanced, wears the deficiencies of inconvenient, and in order to solve technical problem as above, present applicant proposes a kind of 3D printings
Bone window protective device and preparation method after skull decompressive craniectomy.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, as Figure 1-Figure 2, provides a kind of 3D printing skull and go bone flap
Bone window protective device after decompression, to learn inspection data according to patient image and meeting the trouble using 3D printing technique production
The body surface protection board of person.
The bone window range of the protection board covering patient, is the irregular arc of personalized customization, with body surface form knot
Applicating property is good when structure has good suitability, wears, uniform force comfort level is high, stability is good.
The protection board includes extexine 1 and inner sandwich layer 2, and inner sandwich layer 2 is placed in the inside of extexine 1；The extexine 1
It is divided into the inner surface contacted with human body scalp and is exposed to the outer surface of outside, passes through the inner surface and bone of extexine 1
Window edge position, which fits, realizes wearing；Extend outwardly a certain range when wearing across the inner sandwich layer of bone window 2 and extexine 1.
The edge of the extexine 1 extends beyond bone window edge and gets over 2~3cm, convenient for being bonded with scalp stabilization；If close to ear
Appropriate evacuation is made when equal raised structures wipes out modification.
The extexine 1 using applied with scalp, the soft material of good hand touch, such as silica gel, plastic or other material；Appearance
The inner surface of layer 1 thickeies with the soft material of bone window edge head skin contact portion and extends to improve with a thickness of 1 ± 0.5mm
Comfort level when wearing.
The inner sandwich layer 2 is high-intensitive sandwich layer, and metal or high-intensitive synthetic material can be used；Inner sandwich layer 2 plays support and makees
With；Its thickness is in 1 ± 0.5mm range.
The integral thickness of the protection board is about 3~4mm.
The extexine 2 and inner sandwich layer 2 are respectively provided with several ventholes 3, can not only increase gas permeability but also can increase different layers
Between combination fastness.
The outer surface of the extexine 1 is provided with several fixation holes 4, and the specific number of fixation hole 4 is according to patient's bone window
Depending on range, satisfaction can stablize protection board fixed.
The fixation hole 4 is the flat hole of arch that the outer surface of extexine convexes to form height about 3mm, is used for band-like fixation
Device passes through；The setting position and direction in the flat hole of arch are depending on actual wear mode.
The fixed device is Elastic bandage, elastic cap or other elastomeric elements, and elastoplast or elastic cap, which pass through, to be fixed
Hole 4 is around head or at chin or other do not influence patient's normal life position and fix, and the wearing for improving protection board is stablized
Property.
The protection board expose portion can further change appearance by decorative, such as apply skin according to the position on head
Color applies hair color.
The preparation method of the protection board is：
Include the following steps：
Step (1) carries out CT-3D scan rebuilding to patient's head after decompressive craniectomy using existing CT equipment, and collects
3D scanning information；
The 3D rendering rebuild after patient's skull CT scanning is as shown in Figure 3, wherein part A indicates head CT -3D skull appearance
The left side view of face imaging, accurately shows the details of bone window；Head top curve arrow Range Representation bone window
Substantially antero-posterior extent；Part B indicates the left side view of head CT -3D body surface imaging, curved arrow Range Representation bone window in figure
Corresponding body surface substantially antero-posterior extent；C portion indicates the right side view of head CT -3D skull outer surface imaging, arc in figure
Arrow Range Representation is good for side (No operation side) substantially antero-posterior extent corresponding with art side seam window；D part indicate head CT -3D body surface at
The right side view of picture, before and after curved arrow Range Representation is good for side (No operation side) body surface corresponding with art side seam window substantially in figure
Range.
Step (2) corresponds to the CT scan body surface data information at art side seam window range and edge according to side is good for, and does left and right mirror image
Processing, obtains the data information of art side seam window range and edge body surface anatomical features；
The data information that step (3) obtains after being handled according to above-mentioned image prepares inner sandwich layer 2, outer using 3D printing technique
Surface layer 1, so that the body surface protection board of covering bone window range be made.
The bone window protection board that the application is made according to patient's head CT surface sweeping data by 3D printing technique, due to making shape
Shape derives from patient itself head scanning data, and the dissection of protection board and bone window region can be matched accurately, thus protection board and
It wears region cuticle topography and is bonded close, proper, uniform force and stabilization, pretend with definite and safety.
Extexine 1 is the softer tough materials such as silica gel, and has sufficient venthole 3, therefore the comfort level of the application protection board,
The more other skull bone window protective devices of tolerance are significantly improved.
The above general hospital of overwhelming majority diformazan is provided with the row cranium brain 3D condition of scanning at present, when patient needs to check cranium brain
Row scans when CT examination, does not need specially to check.And as 3D printing technique is increasingly mature and promotes, it is understood that there may be
Technical requirements are easier to solve.
Elastic bandage, the elastic cap etc. of protection board and fixed protection board are used again after can cleaning, easy to maintain；The protection
Plate has the features such as simple treatment process, low manufacture cost, consumptive material used are few, maintenance is simple, long service life, effect are good.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (10)
1. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy, which is characterized in that including protection board and fixed dress
It sets, the protection board includes the extexine and inner sandwich layer formed by 3D printing, and inner core is placed on the inside of extexine；It is described outer
The shape on surface layer is adapted with bone window region, and the outer surface of the extexine has the fixed dress for stablizing bone window protection board
It sets；Do thickening processing in the edge of the extexine；The extexine and inner sandwich layer are respectively provided with multiple ventholes, and inner sandwich layer separately has more
A aperture is to reinforce the combination between inner sandwich layer and extexine.
2. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The inner sandwich layer is high-intensitive sandwich layer, is made of metal or high-intensitive synthetic material.
3. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The thickness range of the inner sandwich layer is 0.5mm~1.5mm.
4. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The extexine is made of soft material.
5. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The inner surface thickness range of the extexine is 0.5mm~1.5mm.
6. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The edge of the extexine exceeds 2~3cm of bone window edge.
7. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Adaptability trimming is done when close to raised structures.
8. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The outer surface of the extexine has several fixation holes, and fixed device passes through the fixation hole.
9. bone window protective device after a kind of 3D printing skull decompressive craniectomy according to claim 1 or 8, feature exist
In the fixed device is Elastic bandage or elastic cap.
10. the preparation method of -9 any bone window protective devices according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step (1) carries out CT-3D scan rebuilding to patient's head after decompressive craniectomy, and collects 3D scanning information；
Step (2) corresponds to the body surface data information at art side seam window range and edge according to side is good for, and does left and right mirror image processing, obtains art
The data information of side seam window range and edge body surface anatomical features；
The protective device of covering bone window range is made according to the data information of 3D printing technique for step (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810247440.5A CN108852484B (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2018-03-23 | 3D printing skull bone flap-removing decompression postoperative bone window protection device and preparation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810247440.5A CN108852484B (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2018-03-23 | 3D printing skull bone flap-removing decompression postoperative bone window protection device and preparation method |
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| CN108852484B CN108852484B (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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| CN109480981A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-19 | 朱成伟 | A kind of skull suitable for neurosurgery clinic breaks prosthetic device |
| CN110613530A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-27 | 郭春梅 | Skull-missing protective exoskeleton patch |
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