CN108849468B - Ecological restoration method for submerged plants in urban lakes - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for submerged plants in urban lakes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108849468B CN108849468B CN201810594524.6A CN201810594524A CN108849468B CN 108849468 B CN108849468 B CN 108849468B CN 201810594524 A CN201810594524 A CN 201810594524A CN 108849468 B CN108849468 B CN 108849468B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- lake
- water
- submerged
- submerged plants
- sub
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
Abstract
The invention provides an ecological restoration method for submerged plants in an urban lake, which comprises the steps of selecting a target lake, estimating the stress of the submerged plants in a reference lake, investigating and analyzing the water environment and sediments in the target lake and partitioning the water environment and sediments in the target lake, and obtaining the restoration type of the submerged plants in the target lake. The method realizes the aim of recovering the submerged plants in the urban lake by measures such as stress estimation of the submerged plants, scientific partition of a target lake and the like according to the problem of difficult recovery of the submerged plants caused by factors such as wind waves and the like in the urban lake.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an ecological restoration method for submerged plants in an urban lake.
Background
Submerged vegetation recovery is a core link of ecological system recovery and is also a key for realizing the conversion from a turbid water state to a clear water state. At present, the ecological restoration of domestic small-sized urban landscape lakes is successful, after submerged plants dominate, the lakes are changed from a turbid water state to a clear water state favored by people, the water quality is clear, and the lakes are full of life. But there are few reports of success of ecological restoration on urban lakes with large waves.
The small lake is shallow, is less influenced by wind force, has the morphological characteristics of a shallow layer and wind shielding, and the phenomenon of turbidity increase caused by resuspension caused by wind waves rarely occurs in the small lake. This means that under favourable conditions, submerged and floating plants are likely to cover most or even the entire lake area. Therefore, although the abundance of submerged plants in small lakes is relatively low, the coverage is high. In large shallow lakes, however, the growth of submerged plants is hindered by the influence of waves and sediment resuspension.
The relatively stagnant water flow in small lakes is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of certain animal and plant communities, and is generally a more heterogeneous environment, so that the overall biodiversity measured per unit area in small lakes and ponds is also higher. In addition, small lakes are more likely to be in a clear water state dominated by aquatic vegetation than large lakes even at high nutrient salt concentrations because of fish scarcity and less wind influence. This condition favors the increase in food and habitat structure and therefore the biodiversity of birds, invertebrates and amphibians is higher.
There are many methods for reducing the lake storm, such as cement piling, t-shaped dam construction, and independent island construction, which have large investment, and the demolition work of the building formed in the lake after the ecological restoration is successful and the ecosystem is stable is very complicated and costly, and the wave is eliminated by using the barricade and the floating bed, but the national attack and customs plan of the taihu meiliangwan shows that the effect of the barricade and the floating bed is weak, and the purpose of recovering the submerged plants is difficult to achieve.
The ecological system of the urban lake with large wind waves is restored, the turbid water state is converted into the clear water state, and the biggest limiting factors are large wind waves and difficulty in restoring submerged plants. How to control the strength of the wind waves and how much the wind waves are controlled for the urban lakes with large wind waves? Can submerged plant species be successfully recovered? The method is a technical key for successful ecological restoration of the urban lakes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological restoration method for submerged plants in an urban lake aiming at the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological restoration method for submerged plants in an urban lake is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dredging and removing fishes from the target lake;
(2) dividing the target lake into sub-water areas of 5-10 ten thousand square meters by adopting a separating net film;
(3) selecting a large shallow lake which is in the same watershed as a target lake and has high coverage rate of submerged vegetation as a reference lake, and estimating the stress index range of each submerged plant based on a formula (1);
F＝(A*B*V)/R (1)
wherein F is a plant stress index, and A is a species resistance coefficient; b is the fresh weight of the plant; v is the water flow velocity; r is the water content of the bottom mud;
(4) and measuring the water body flow velocity and the sediment water content of the sub-water areas of the target lake, comparing the stress index range of each submerged plant in the reference lake, and selecting the type of the submerged plant in each sub-water area.
The water surface is divided into a plurality of small water bodies by arranging the multiple net membranes, so that the aim of reducing 40-70% of wind waves is fulfilled. Besides the obvious wave elimination, a large number of omentums can also play a role similar to a biological membrane, and can improve the water quality and the transparency. In addition, after the submerged plants are successfully recovered and the ecological system is stable, the net membranes can be easily recycled. After wind waves are reduced and transparency is improved through the net film, lake flow characteristics and physical and chemical characteristics of sediments in each small water body of a target lake are investigated and analyzed, and meanwhile, water body lake flow indexes and sediment indexes of a reference lake with sinking water plants covered in the same flow area and submerged plant biomass indexes are selected to estimate the stress index range of each submerged plant. Finally, comparing the water body lake flow index and the sediment water content index of each sub-water area in the target lake according to the stress index range of the submerged plant in the reference lake, and finally obtaining the type of the submerged plant needing to be recovered in each sub-water area.
In the method of the present invention, in the step (2), the separator film is a polyethylene film. The polyethylene net film has low cost, easy material acquisition and durability. Selecting mesh of the separation net film as 1-3 cm; each sub-water area is separated by 3-10 omentums, and each omentum is separated by 100-500 cm.
In the step (4), the submerged plants planted in the sub-waters are selected from the group consisting of watermifoil, potamogeton malabaricum, potamogeton crepidioides, sowthistle and hydrilla verticillata. Furthermore, the coverage of the planted submerged plants in the target lake is more than 60%.
The method of the invention adopts the net film to divide the lake into the sub-water areas for wind wave control, and selects the type of the submerged plant to be recovered based on the water body lake flow indexes and the sediment water content indexes of different sub-water areas, thereby providing clear theoretical guidance for the submerged plant planting selection of the lake in the city with larger wind waves, selecting various submerged plants according to different indexes of the sub-water areas while the selected submerged plant is resistant to the wind waves, restoring the ecology, simultaneously meeting the diversity and landscape requirements of the submerged plants, and realizing the ecological system restoration of the lake in the city with larger wind waves.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the relative growth rate of Sweetgrass in the different treatment groups of example 1;
FIG. 2 shows the plant height of Sophora alopecuroides L in the different treatment groups of example 1;
FIG. 3 shows the bottom biomass of Sophora alopecuroides L in the different treatment groups of example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1 wave and sediment effects on the growth of Sweetgrass
The experiments were performed in outdoor ponds near east tai lake from 2013 on days 7, 29 to 8, 26. There are two experimental factors, one: simulating the disturbance intensity of the Taihu lake stormy waves, namely a 3W wave-making pump (with the flow rate of 0.4m/s) and a 6W wave-making pump (with the flow rate of 0.8 m/s). Factor two: sediment (bottom mud with low water content) after dredging; unslotted sediment (bottom mud has high water content). Experiment design 4 treatments: low wave disturbance + desilting deposit, low wave disturbance + unset deposit, high wave disturbance + desilting deposit, high wave disturbance + unset deposit, 4 parallels are handled each, 16 buckets are counted. The 2 sediments (substrates) selected in the experiment come from Taihu Meilianwan, one is desilting bottom mud, and the other is non-desilting bottom mud. The sediment is sieved and evenly mixed by a bolting silk net with 100 meshes for use. The tape grass selected in the experiment is from Taihu Meilianwan, the height of the tape grass is 24cm, the mass of the tape grass is 23.87g, and the number of leaves of each tape grass is approximately the same as the number of roots. After the experiment, the tape grass was pulled out from the barrel, and the plant height, the plant weight, the number of divided plants, the number of tubers, etc. of the tape grass were measured, and the results are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
The experimental results show that: the relative growth rate, plant height and underground biomass of the tape grass are obviously reduced by the wind wave disturbance (P < 0.01). The unslotted sediment (high water content) remarkably reduces the relative growth rate and plant height of the tape grass (P <0.05), but has no significant effect on underground biomass (P > 0.05). The wind wave disturbance and the substrate sludge property have obvious interaction on the relative growth rate and plant height of the tape grass (P < 0.05). In the treatment of dredging bottom mud (with low water content), the relative growth rate and plant height of the high-strength disturbance group tape grass are reduced by 25 percent and 9 percent than those of the low-strength disturbance group. And in the treatment of unclogged sediment (the sediment has high water content), the indexes of the tape grass are reduced by 48 percent and 20 percent correspondingly.
Example 2
Example 2 illustrates the effect of using the method of the present invention to ecologically restore submerged plants in a lake in a city with large waves, using a lake in Zhengzhou as an example.
The water area of the target lake is 95 ten thousand square meters, the water depth is 2 meters, and the transparency is 30 cm.
Beginning to perform ecological restoration in 2014 3 months, and performing dredging and fish removal;
in 6 months in the same year, the lake is divided into 9 sub-water areas of about 10 ten thousand square meters by adopting a polyethylene net film, the polyethylene net mesh is 1cm, each sub-water area is separated by 5 net films, and the net films are separated by 100 cm. After the net film is laid, wind waves are integrally reduced by about 50%, and the transparency is improved to 75 cm.
And analyzing the water quality and lake flow indexes of each sub-water area and the water content in the sediments at the beginning of 7 months. Meanwhile, a large shallow lake with higher coverage of submerged plants in the same flow area as the target lake is selected as a reference lake, and the stress index range of each submerged plant is estimated based on a formula (1) according to the lake flow index of the water body of the reference lake, the water content index of the sediment and the biomass of the submerged plants;
F＝(A*B*V)/R (1)
wherein F is the plant stress index (kg ms)-1) A is the species drag coefficient; b is the fresh weight (kg) of the plant; v is water flow velocity (m s)-1) (ii) a R is the moisture content (%) of the bottom mud;
the evaluation results of the stress indexes of the submerged plants in the reference lake are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
Measuring the water flow velocity and the sediment water content of the sub-water areas of the target lake, and estimating the types of submerged plants needing to be recovered in each sub-water area (the sub-water areas are arranged according to the stress index range from large to small) according to the comparison between the water lake flow index and the sediment water content index of each sub-water area in the target lake and the type distribution condition of the submerged plants in the drainage area, wherein the following table shows that:
TABLE 2
Transplanting submerged plants in the same year for 8-10 months according to the estimation result;
and (3) continuously transplanting the submerged plants in 2015 for 5-6 months, wherein in 2016 for 8 months, the coverage of the submerged plants exceeds 60%, the advantageous species include four species of potamogeton malabaricum, hydrilla verticillata, potamogeton crenata and watermifoil, the ecosystem is stable, the omentum which dissipates waves is removed in 10 months, and the ecological restoration of the urban lakes is successful.
Example 3
Example 3 illustrates the effect of the method of the present invention on ecologically restoring submerged plants in a lake in a city with large waves by taking Changsha as an example.
The water area of the target lake is 31 ten thousand square meters, the water depth is 2.5 meters, and the transparency is 40 cm.
Beginning to perform ecological restoration in 4 months in 2014, and performing dredging and fish removal;
in 6 months in the same year, the lake is divided into 6 sub-water areas with the size of 5 ten thousand square meters by adopting a polyethylene net film, the mesh of the polyethylene net film is 3cm, each sub-water area is separated by 10 net films, and the net films are separated by 500 cm. After the net film is laid, wind waves are integrally reduced by about 60%, and the transparency is improved to 80 cm.
And analyzing the water quality and lake flow indexes of each sub-water area and the water content in the sediments at the beginning of 7 months. Meanwhile, a large shallow lake with higher coverage of submerged plants in the same flow area as the target lake is selected as a reference lake, and the stress index range of each submerged plant is estimated based on a formula (1) according to the lake flow index of the water body of the reference lake, the water content index of the sediment and the biomass of the submerged plants; the evaluation results of the stress indexes of the submerged plants in the reference lake are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 3
Measuring the water flow velocity and the sediment water content of the sub-water areas of the target lake, and estimating the type of submerged plants needing to be recovered in each sub-water area according to the comparison between the water lake flow index and the sediment water content index of each sub-water area in the target lake, wherein the following table shows that:
TABLE 4
Transplanting submerged plants in the same year for 9-10 months according to the estimation result;
and (3) continuing transplanting the submerged plants in 5-7 months in 2015, wherein the coverage of the submerged plants exceeds 60% in 9 months in 2015, the advantageous species include four species of the potamogeton malayi, the potamogeton micranthum and the sowthistle, the ecosystem is stable, the omentum which dissipates waves is removed in 10 months, and the ecological restoration of the urban lakes is successful.
Example 4
Example 3 illustrates the effect of the method of the present invention on the ecological restoration of submerged plants in lakes with large waves, using a lake in a certain city in lazhou as an example.
The water area of the target lake is 60 ten thousand square meters, the water depth is 2.5-3.0 meters, and the transparency is 20-30 cm.
Beginning to perform ecological restoration in 2015 in 5 months, and performing dredging and fish removal;
in 6 months in the same year, the lake is divided into 6 sub-water areas of about 10 ten thousand square meters by adopting a polyethylene net film, the polyethylene net mesh is 2cm, each sub-water area is separated by 3 net films, and the net films are separated by 200 cm. After the net film is laid, wind waves are reduced by about 40% on the whole, and the transparency is improved to 55 cm.
And analyzing the water quality and lake flow indexes of each sub-water area and the water content in the sediments at the beginning of 7 months. Meanwhile, a large shallow lake with higher coverage of submerged plants in the same flow area as the target lake is selected as a reference lake, and the stress index range of each submerged plant is estimated based on a formula (1) according to the lake flow index of the water body of the reference lake, the water content index of the sediment and the biomass of the submerged plants; the evaluation results of the stress indexes of the submerged plants in the reference lake are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 5
Measuring the water flow velocity and the sediment water content of the sub-water areas of the target lake, and estimating the type of submerged plants needing to be recovered in each sub-water area according to the comparison between the water lake flow index and the sediment water content index of each sub-water area in the target lake, wherein the following table shows that:
TABLE 6
Transplanting submerged plants in the same year for 8-10 months according to the estimation result;
and (3) continuing transplanting the submerged plants in 2015 for 5-9 months, wherein in 2016 for 6 months, the coverage of the submerged plants exceeds 60%, the advantageous species include four species of potamogeton malaianus, potamogeton microti, watermifoil and eel grass, the ecosystem is relatively stable, the omentum which dissipates waves is removed in 10 months, and the ecological restoration of the urban lakes is successful.
Claims (3)
1. An ecological restoration method for submerged plants in an urban lake is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dredging and removing fishes from the target lake;
(2) dividing the target lake into sub-water areas of 5-10 ten thousand square meters by adopting a polyethylene net film; the mesh of the polyethylene net film is 1-3 cm; each sub-water area is separated by 3-10 polyethylene net membranes, and each net membrane is separated by 100-500 cm;
(3) selecting a shallow lake which is in the same watershed as the target lake and has high coverage rate of submerged vegetation as a reference lake, and estimating the stress index range of each submerged plant based on a formula (1);
F＝(A*B*V)/R (1)
wherein F is a plant stress index, and A is a species resistance coefficient; b is the fresh weight of the plant; v is the water flow velocity; r is the water content of the bottom mud;
(4) measuring the water body flow velocity and the sediment water content of the sub-water areas of the target lake, comparing the stress index range of each submerged plant in the reference lake, and selecting the type of the submerged plant in each sub-water area;
(5) and (4) removing the net film after the ecological system is stable.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the submerged plants grown in the sub-waters are selected from the group consisting of watermifoil, potamogeton malacophylla, potamogeton crepidioides, sowthistle and hydrilla verticillata.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the submerged plants are planted so that the coverage of the submerged plants in the target lake is more than 60%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810594524.6A CN108849468B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Ecological restoration method for submerged plants in urban lakes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810594524.6A CN108849468B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Ecological restoration method for submerged plants in urban lakes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108849468A CN108849468A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
| CN108849468B true CN108849468B (en) | 2021-06-15 |
Family
ID=64337611
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810594524.6A Active CN108849468B (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2018-06-11 | Ecological restoration method for submerged plants in urban lakes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108849468B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111448952A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Urban grass type lake steady-state maintaining method based on aquatic vegetation biomass regulation |
| CN113812336B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-12-06 | 南昌大学 | Method for evaluating whether lake sediment is suitable for anchoring and growing submerged plants |
| CN114538705A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-27 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Lake long-time-sequence continuous water area change reconstruction method |
| CN114946560B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-05-23 | 云南大学 | Method for evaluating adaptability of submerged plant to water exchange uniformity and application |
| CN115504578A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-23 | 重庆德润环境有限公司 | Method for activating and recovering submerged plants by algae-dissolving organisms in deep-water lakes and reservoirs |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100554193C (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2009-10-28 | 刘其哲 | Administer biology, the engineering composite ecological control method of natural water body |
| CN104310591B (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-12-02 | 广州太和水生态科技有限公司 | The construction process of the city appearance water body ecosystem |
| CN204779048U (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-11-18 | 上海太和水环境科技发展有限公司 | Unrestrained ecological bed of diving under water of anti -wind |
| CN106006978B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2019-05-21 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | The substrate improved materials and preparation method and restorative procedure of a kind of high organic bed mud shallow lake |
-
2018
- 2018-06-11 CN CN201810594524.6A patent/CN108849468B/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 沉积物再悬浮对浅水湖泊沉水植物光合作用及生长影响的研究进展;李宽意等;《生态科学》;20160131;第35卷(第1期);200-208 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108849468A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108849468B (en) | Ecological restoration method for submerged plants in urban lakes | |
| Herdendorf | The ecology of the coastal marshes of western Lake Erie: a community profile | |
| Yang et al. | Growth of Gracilaria lemaneiformis under different cultivation conditions and its effects on nutrient removal in Chinese coastal waters | |
| Liu et al. | The world's largest macroalgal bloom in the Yellow Sea, China: formation and implications | |
| Gostin et al. | The Holocene non-tropical coastal and shelf carbonate province of southern Australia | |
| Siler et al. | Amphibians and reptiles, Romblon Island Group, central Philippines: comprehensive herpetofaunal inventory | |
| Pufahl et al. | Monospecific Pliocene oyster buildups, Murray Basin, South Australia: brackish water end member of the reef spectrum | |
| Möller et al. | Spatiotemporal variability in the eelgrass Zostera marina L. in the north-eastern Baltic Sea: canopy structure and associated macrophyte and invertebrate communities | |
| Barth et al. | Biogeophysical setting of the Gulf | |
| Gordon | Disturbance to mangroves in tropical-arid Western Australia: hypersalinity and restricted tidal exchange as factors leading to mortality | |
| Zedler et al. | Tidal wetland functioning | |
| Messner et al. | Long-term changes in the vertical distribution of macrophytobenthic communities in the Greifswalder Bodden | |
| Alenäs et al. | Liming and reacidification reactions of a forest lake ecosystem, lake Lysevatten, in SW Sweden | |
| Ben Brahim et al. | Spatial scale variability in shoot density and epiphytic leaves of Posidonia oceanica on Kerkennah Island (Tunisia) in relation to current tide effects | |
| Cantasano | Management plan for the beach-cast seagrass in Calabria | |
| Ruwa | Zonation and distribution of creek and fringe mangroves in the semi-arid Kenyan coast | |
| John et al. | Western Africa | |
| Lloyd et al. | Environmental significance of snags in the River Murray | |
| Manis | Assessing the effectiveness of living shoreline restoration and quantifying wave attenuation in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida | |
| Nita et al. | First attempt of transplanting the key-species Cystoseira barbata and Zostera noltei at the Romanian coast | |
| Descy et al. | Continental atlantic rivers | |
| Curiel et al. | Marine Seagrasses Transplantation in Confined and Coastal Adriatic Environments: Methods and Results. Water 2021, 13, 2289 | |
| Scholar | The Effects of Human Activities in the Mangrove Ecosystem in Nigeria (Review) 1James Jeffery Williams; 1Kwada Tumba Freeman; & 2Lawal Kabir Tunau | |
| Elvisto | Eutrophication level of Phragmites australis habitats at a shallow coastal lake, Paljassaare Peninsula, Tallinn, Estonia | |
| Sandgren et al. | Nuisance Cladophora in Urban Streams: habitats, seasonality, morphology, production, nutrient composition, heavy metals, foodweb bottleneck |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |