CN108848803B - Air suction type and pneumatic type dual-purpose precision seed sowing device - Google Patents
Air suction type and pneumatic type dual-purpose precision seed sowing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108848803B CN108848803B CN201810944535.2A CN201810944535A CN108848803B CN 108848803 B CN108848803 B CN 108848803B CN 201810944535 A CN201810944535 A CN 201810944535A CN 108848803 B CN108848803 B CN 108848803B
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000565 Capsid Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/18—Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention discloses an air suction type and pneumatic type dual-purpose precise seed metering device, which comprises a front shell, a seed metering disc and a cavity shell, wherein: the front shell and the cavity shell are connected through a buckle, and the seed metering disc is arranged between the front shell and the cavity shell. The pneumatic and pneumatic dual-purpose precise seed metering device can be quickly disassembled, the contact ratio of parts is high, and the pneumatic and pneumatic seed metering device can be switched by only replacing few parts, so that the working efficiency can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an air suction type pneumatic dual-purpose precise seed metering device.
Background
Along with the development of fine agriculture and the adjustment of the agricultural industry structure, the precision seeding technology occupies more and more important positions in modern agriculture, and the precision seeding machine is widely valued in all countries of the world, thereby having very wide application and development prospects. In the aspect of sowing technology, a precise seed sowing device is used as a core. The application of the precise seed metering device can save a large amount of excellent seeds and reduce unnecessary complicated workload such as seedling fixing, thinning and the like; in addition, the performance of the precise seed metering device is good or bad, and the operation effect is directly affected.
The pneumatic seed metering device in China at present mainly uses air suction type and pneumatic type, and the air suction type seed metering device has the advantages of high operation efficiency, high sowing precision, low requirement on the size and shape of seeds, small mechanical vibration and the like; the pneumatic seed metering device has the advantages of low seed feeding height, air flow conveying of seeds for seed feeding, prevention of jumping after falling to the ground, improvement of uniformity of seed spacing, improvement of seed spacing qualification rate and the like. However, the existing pneumatic seed metering devices are single air suction seed metering devices or air pressure seed metering devices, have single functions, are high in cost required for manufacturing the single air suction seed metering devices or the air pressure seed metering devices, are complex in structure, and bring a lot of inconvenience to production practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the multifunctional seed sowing device with compact and reasonable structure, stable and reliable work, convenient disassembly and dual purposes of air suction and air pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the air suction and air pressure dual-purpose seed metering device has the advantages of both air suction and air pressure type seed metering devices, and has the advantages of quick function conversion between air suction and air pressure, convenient disassembly and simple operation.
2. The front shell of the seed metering device is connected with the cavity shell of the seed metering device through a buckle, and compared with the traditional bolt connection, the front shell of the seed metering device is simple and quick to operate and ingenious in structure.
3. The rigidity five-stage seed scraping device can be adjusted, multiple seed scraping is performed, and single seed uniformity is guaranteed.
4. The hollow-out type seed pushing plate ensures that positive and negative pressure gas in the space where the seed metering plate is positioned flows smoothly.
5. The seed metering device under the air pressure mode, the seed dropping mouth height of the front shell of the seed metering device entering the seed plate is increased by 20mm compared with that of the traditional seed metering device, the population drop stability is ensured, and the seed metering precision is improved.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a dual-purpose accurate volume seed metering ware of air-aspiration formula pneumatic, includes procapsid, seed metering dish and cavity casing, wherein: the front shell is connected with the cavity shell through a buckle, and the seed metering disc is arranged between the inner cavity of the cavity shell and the front shell.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the seed sowing device also comprises a seed pushing plate and a seed scraping device; the front shell comprises a bottom plate and an annular wall perpendicular to the bottom plate, a seed dropping pipe is arranged on the outer surface of the bottom plate and communicated with a seed dropping port on the bottom plate, and a seed guiding port is arranged on the annular wall.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the lower part of the annular wall is also provided with a seed discharging port, the seed discharging port is provided with a seed discharging port baffle plate matched with the seed discharging port, one end of the seed discharging port baffle plate is fixed with the front shell, and the other end of the seed discharging port baffle plate is fixed by a seed discharging port baffle plate buckle.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the whole seed discharging port baffle plate is an arc-shaped plate, and a seed discharging port baffle plate boss is arranged on the inner surface of the seed discharging port baffle plate.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the seed pushing plates are respectively provided with a longitudinal plate, seed passing openings are formed in the upper longitudinal plate, the upper longitudinal plate and the lower longitudinal plate are connected through an inclined plate, a plurality of air holes are formed in the upper longitudinal plate, the lower longitudinal plate and the inclined plate, a fixing opening is formed in the upper end and the lower end of the lower longitudinal plate, the fixing openings are respectively matched with two seed pushing plate fixing columns on the front shell so that the seed pushing plates are fixed on the front shell, and the fixing columns are arranged on the inner surface of the bottom plate of the front shell and are of outwards-protruding columnar structures.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the two ends of the seed scraping device are respectively provided with a cylindrical hole, the cylindrical hole and a front shell seed scraping device fixing column form a hinge mechanism, and the fixing column is arranged on the inner surface of the bottom plate of the front shell and is of a columnar structure protruding outwards; the other cylindrical hole is matched with a seed scraper adjusting hole on the front shell through a shoe-shaped gold ingot nut bolt, and the adjusting hole is a strip-shaped hole.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the annular wall of the front shell is provided with four front shell fixing columns far away from the outermost ring of the bottom plate, the front shell is matched with corresponding holes on the cavity shell through the front shell fixing columns, and each buckle is respectively connected with the two front shell fixing columns in a clamping mode.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the front shell fixing column is provided with a groove, and two ends of the buckle are matched with the groove of the front shell fixing column.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the two ends of the buckle are respectively provided with a buckle ear, the shape of the buckle ear is an approximate circular ring with an opening, the middle part of the buckle is provided with a fulcrum fixing sleeve, the two ends of the fulcrum fixing sleeve outwards extend in a line segment form, the tail ends of the line segment respectively form the buckle ears, and the extending directions of the two buckle ears are the same and form an angle of approximately 90 degrees with the extending direction of the fulcrum fixing sleeve.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the buckle is equipped with first buckle spacing section and the spacing section of second buckle respectively in the position of two adjacent buckle ears, and the spacing section of first buckle and the spacing section of second buckle outwards slant extend respectively, and the spacing section of first buckle, the spacing section of second buckle and the fixed cover of fulcrum are at the coplanar, and the spacing section of first buckle and the spacing section of second buckle cooperate with the recess of a preceding casing fixed column respectively.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the fulcrum fixing sleeve is in an unsealed round shape, and the pin body of the big-end screw is screwed into the threaded hole of the cavity shell through the unsealed round hole of the fulcrum fixing sleeve point.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the cavity shell is provided with a limiting boss on the inner side close to the fixed column, a convex edge is arranged on the limiting boss, and when the first buckle limiting section and the second buckle limiting section are clamped in the groove of the fixed column, a part of the position adjacent to the first buckle limiting section and the second buckle limiting section is clamped at the lower part of the convex edge.
The seed metering ware, wherein: still include gear circle and locating shaft, seed metering dish and gear circle pass through bolt fixed connection, install in the cavity casing, are equipped with annular evagination spacer on the locating shaft, and a plurality of reference columns evenly set up on the spacer, and the locating shaft is equipped with the post pinhole in the one end of spacer one side, and the locating shaft is equipped with the neck portion in the spacer opposite side, and the neck portion is close to the one end of spacer and is formed with the location shoulder, and the neck portion is equipped with the constant head tank in the one end of keeping away from the spacer.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the seed plate positioning shaft is matched with the seed plate shaft hole, and the pin is inserted into the pin hole; the necking part between the positioning shoulder and the positioning groove is in interference fit with the inner rings of the two bearings, the shaft between the positioning shoulder of the seed metering disc positioning shaft and the positioning groove is matched with the shaft hole of the cavity shell through the two bearings, and the outer rings of the two bearings are in interference fit with the shaft hole.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the elastic retainer ring is fixed in the positioning groove, the elastic retainer ring is contacted with the rear bearing inner ring, and the rear bearing outer ring is matched and contacted with the rear limit shoulder of the shaft hole; the inner ring of the front bearing is contacted and positioned with the positioning shoulder, and the outer ring of the front bearing is contacted and positioned with the elastic retainer ring on the front limit groove of the shaft hole of the cavity shell.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the air passage shell is fixedly connected with the back plate of the cavity shell.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the air passage shell body is in an unsealed ring shape, the air passage is arranged on the inner surface of the air passage shell body, the shape of the air passage is also in an unsealed ring shape, the air extraction opening is arranged on the outer surface of the air passage shell body and communicated with the air passage, and the air passage of the air passage shell faces the back plate of the cavity shell.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the air passage is of an outward convex circular structure.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the motor is connected with the back plate of the cavity shell through bolts, and a transmission gear at the front end of the motor stretches into the cavity shell and then is meshed with the gear ring for transmission.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the cavity shell comprises a bottom plate and a circle of side walls surrounding the bottom plate to form a concave cavity, a shaft hole is arranged in the center of the bottom plate, and a plurality of arc-shaped strip-shaped holes are arranged around the shaft hole.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the number of the strip-shaped holes is 3, the strip-shaped holes are arranged on the same circumference at intervals by a preset distance, the shape and the size of the strip-shaped holes are the same, the strip-shaped holes are arranged at intervals by the same distance, and two ends of each strip-shaped hole are arc-shaped.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the front housing further includes an air inlet tube.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the bottom of the air inlet pipe is provided with an air hole sieve.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the seed pushing plate also comprises a second seed scraping device and a replay-preventing seed blocking plate.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the second seed scraping device and the anti-replay seed blocking plate are arranged at the position, adjacent to the seed passing opening, of the lower part of the seed passing opening, and the second seed scraping device is arranged above the anti-replay seed blocking plate.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the anti-rebroadcast seed blocking plate and the upper longitudinal plate form 120 degrees, and the anti-rebroadcast seed blocking plate and the second seed scraping device form 60 degrees.
The seed metering ware, wherein: the length of the anti-replay baffle is about 47mm.
A planter comprising a seed metering device as described in one of the above.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of an air-aspiration seed metering device in functional mode;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the overall structure of the suction seed metering device in functional mode;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the air-aspiration seed metering device in functional mode;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the front housing in functional mode of the suction seed metering device;
FIG. 5 shows the front shell fastening structure of the pneumatic and pneumatic dual-purpose seeding apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a seed plate;
FIG. 7 is a view of the positioning shaft of the seed plate;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a chamber housing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an airway structure;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a drive motor configuration;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the overall structure of the pneumatic seed metering device in functional mode; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
FIG. 12 is a rear view of the overall structure of the pneumatic seed metering device in functional mode;
FIG. 13 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the pneumatic seed metering device in functional mode;
FIG. 14 is a front view of the front housing in a functional mode of the pneumatic seed metering device;
FIG. 15 is a rear view of the front housing in a functional mode of the pneumatic seed metering device;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a seed discharging port baffle plate structure;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the position of the seed discharging port;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a buckle structure;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a snap-in position assembly;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the front housing fixing lugs;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the back side of the airway;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the feed inlet of the forward housing;
fig. 23 is a schematic view of a replay-preventing push plate structure.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1. the front shell, 101, the pushing plate, 102, the upper fixing port, 103, the lower fixing port, 104, the front shell pushing plate upper fixing lug, 105, the front shell fixing lug, 1051 and the groove; 106. the seed scraping device comprises a cylindrical hole on the seed scraping device, 107, a regulating hole of the front shell seed scraping device, 108, a round hole under the seed scraping device, 109, a seed falling hole 110, a seed guiding hole, 111, a seed discharging hole, 112, a seed scraping device, 113, a fixed lug 114 under a seed pushing plate, a fixed lug of the front shell seed scraping device, 115, a seed discharging hole baffle plate, 1151, a seed discharging hole baffle plate boss, 116, a seed discharging hole baffle plate fixed hole, 117, a seed discharging hole baffle plate buckle, 118, a seed discharging hole baffle plate buckle fixed hole, 119, a seed inlet, 2, a seed metering disc, 201, a seed metering disc positioning hole, 202, a hole, 3, a gear ring, 301, an inner hexagon socket bolt, 4, a seed metering disc positioning shaft, 401, a seed metering disc positioning lug, 402, a positioning groove, 403, a positioning shoulder, 404, a pin hole, 5, elasticity, 6, a bearing, 7 and a cavity shell, 701, big head screw, 702, gas chamber, 703, seed sowing machine frame fixing lug, 704, shaft hole, 705, rear limit shoulder, 706, seed falling position, 707, front limit groove, 708, front shell fixing lug through hole, 8, air channel shell, 801, air channel shell fixing hole, 802, air extraction opening, 803, air channel, 804, air channel outer side, 9, shoe-shaped gold ingot nut, 10, buckle, 1001, buckle lug, 1002, buckle limit position 1, 1003, pivot point, 1004, buckle limit position 2, 11, motor, 1101, transmission gear, 1102, motor fixing hole, 12, air pressure front shell, 121, air inlet, 122, seed inlet, 123, air hole sieve, 124, seed falling opening, 125, anti-rebroadcast seed pushing plate, 1251, seed passing opening, 1252, second seed scraper, 1253, anti-rebroadcast seed blocking plate
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, when the functional mode of the seed metering device is used as an air suction type precise seed metering device, the seed metering device mainly comprises a front shell 1, a seed metering disc 2, a gear ring 3, a seed metering disc positioning shaft 4, a retainer ring 5, a bearing 6, a chamber shell 7, an air passage shell 8, a shoe-shaped gold ingot nut 9, a buckle 10 and a motor 11.
As shown in fig. 4, 16 and 17, the front housing 1 includes a circular bottom plate and an annular wall perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the front housing 1 includes a seed pushing plate 101 and a seed scraper 112, wherein seeds enter the seed metering device through a seed dropping pipe 109A arranged on the bottom plate of the front housing 1 and through a seed dropping port 109 which is an interface between the seed dropping pipe 109A and the bottom plate, and are discharged from the seed metering device through a seed guiding port 110 arranged on the annular wall of the front housing 1, the annular wall is perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the seeds can be discharged through a seed discharging port 111 when the front housing is disassembled. The seed discharging opening 111 is positioned on the annular wall below the front shell 1, the seed discharging opening 111 is provided with a seed discharging opening baffle plate 115 matched with the seed discharging opening 111, and one end of the seed discharging opening baffle plate 115 is fixed with the front shell 1 through a seed discharging opening baffle plate fixing opening 116 by means of bolts and nuts. The seed discharging opening seed blocking plate buckle 117 is fixed with the front shell 1 by means of bolts and nuts at the seed discharging opening seed blocking plate buckle fixing opening 118. Meanwhile, the other end of the seed discharging port baffle 115 is also fixed by a seed discharging port baffle buckle 117; the whole seed discharging port baffle plate 115 is an arc plate, a seed discharging port baffle plate boss 1151 is arranged on the inner surface of the seed discharging port baffle plate 115, and when the seed discharging port baffle plate 115 is installed, the seed discharging port baffle plate boss 1151 is matched with the inner wall of the seed discharging port 111 to limit and fix the seed discharging port baffle plate 115. The bolt and the nut fix the seed discharging opening baffle buckle 117 on the front shell 1 through the seed discharging opening baffle buckle fixing opening 118. The seed discharging opening seed blocking plate buckle 117 can rotate by taking a seed discharging opening seed blocking plate buckle fixing opening 118 as a hinge point. The seed discharging port baffle 115 can rotate by taking a seed discharging port baffle fixing port 116 as a hinge point. When the seed is unloaded, the seed discharging port baffle plate buckle 117 can be rotated to prevent the seed discharging port baffle plate buckle from pressing on the seed discharging port baffle plate 115, and meanwhile, the bolts and nuts at the fixed port 116 of the seed discharging port baffle plate are unscrewed, and the seed discharging process can be completed by rotating the seed discharging port baffle plate 115. The seed pushing plate 101 is provided with a longitudinal plate on the upper and lower sides, seed passing holes are formed in the upper longitudinal plate, the upper longitudinal plate is connected with the lower longitudinal plate through an inclined plate, a plurality of air holes are formed in the upper longitudinal plate, the lower longitudinal plate and the inclined plate, a fixing hole 102 and a fixing hole 103 are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the lower longitudinal plate, the fixing holes 102 and 103 are respectively matched with front shell seed pushing plate fixing columns 104 and 113 to enable the seed pushing plate 101 to be fixed on the front shell 1, and the fixing columns 104 and 113 are arranged on the inner surface of a bottom plate of the front shell 1 and are of outwards-protruding columnar structures. The seed scraping device 112 is characterized in that two ends of the seed scraping device 112 are respectively provided with a cylindrical hole 106 and 108, the cylindrical hole 108 and a front shell seed scraping device fixing column 114 form a hinge mechanism, the fixing column 114 is arranged on the inner surface of a bottom plate of the front shell 1 and is of an outwardly convex cylindrical structure, the cylindrical hole 106 is matched with a front shell seed scraping device adjusting hole 107 through a shoe-shaped nut 9 bolt, the adjusting hole 107 is a strip-shaped hole, the shoe-shaped nut 9 can move in the adjusting hole 107, and the shoe-shaped nut 9 is locked after reaching a preset position by moving the shoe-shaped nut up and down so as to adjust the seed scraping strength of the seed scraping device 112, thereby forming a rigid seed scraping mechanism.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the annular wall of the front housing 1 is provided with 4 front housing fixing columns 105 far away from the outermost ring of the bottom plate, the fixing columns 105 are arranged on the lugs on the annular wall, the fixing columns 105 are of columnar structures, protrude outwards and are perpendicular to the lugs, the front housing is matched with corresponding holes on the chamber housing 7 through the front housing fixing columns 105, the buckles 10 and the chamber housing 7 are fixed together through fulcrum fixing sleeves 1003 of the buckles 10, two ends of each buckle 10 are matched with grooves of the front housing fixing columns 105, so that the front housing 1 is matched with the chamber housing 7, two buckles 10 are arranged in total, and each buckle 10 is matched with the two fixing columns 105. As shown in fig. 18 to 20, the connection structure of the buckle 10 and the fixing post 105 is shown in fig. 18 to 20, the buckle 10 is in a shape of an arc, two ends of the buckle 10 are respectively provided with a buckle ear 1001, the buckle ear 1001 is in a shape of an approximate ring with an opening, a fulcrum fixing sleeve 1003 is arranged in the middle of the buckle 10, two ends of the fulcrum fixing sleeve 1003 extend outwards in a line segment form, the tail ends of the line segments respectively form the buckle ears 1001, and the extending directions of the two buckle ears 1001 are the same and are approximately 90 degrees with the extending direction of the fulcrum fixing sleeve 1003. The buckle 10 is provided with a first buckle limiting section 1002 and a second buckle limiting section 1004 at positions adjacent to the two buckle ears 1001 respectively, the first buckle limiting section 1002 and the second buckle limiting section 1004 extend outwards in an inclined mode respectively, and the first buckle limiting section 1002, the second buckle limiting section 1004 and the fulcrum fixing sleeve 1003 are arranged on the same plane; the pivot fixing sleeve 1003 is in a non-closed circular shape so as to allow the large-head screw 701 to pass through. Four front housing fixing columns 105 are arranged on the periphery of the port of the front housing 1, and grooves 1051 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the upper ends of the four front housing fixing columns 105 and are used for being matched with the buckle limiting sections 1 (1002) and 2 (1004) of the buckle 10 to fix the front housing 1 on the chamber housing 7.
As shown in fig. 5, 8 and 18 to 20, the buckle 10 (elastic) is fixed on the chamber housing 7 by a large head screw 701 of a fulcrum fixing sleeve 1003, a threaded hole matched with the large head screw 701 is formed on the chamber housing 7, the shank of the large head screw 701 is screwed into the threaded hole of the chamber housing 7 through an unsealed circular hole of the fulcrum fixing sleeve 1003, and the size of the nut is larger than that of the unsealed circular hole, and the nut is pressed on the circular hole to fix the buckle. Four front housing fixing posts 105 on the periphery of the front housing 1 port are matched with two buckles 10 after passing through corresponding front housing fixing lug through holes 708 on the chamber housing 7, wherein grooves 1051 on the front housing fixing posts 105 are matched with buckle limiting sections 1 (1002) and 2 (1004), so that the front housing 1 is fastened on the chamber housing 7. The buckle 10 is fixed on the chamber housing 7 through the big head screw 701 of the fulcrum fixing sleeve 1003, but both ends of the buckle 10 are elastic, namely, when the front housing 1 is to be dismounted, the bayonet lugs 1001 at both ends of the buckle 10 can be broken off towards the opening direction of the groove 1051 at the same time by force, so that the buckle limiting section 1 (1002), the buckle limiting position section (1004) and the groove 1051 lose matching, and the front housing 1 can be dismounted from the chamber housing 7. The inside that is close to fixed column 105 is provided with spacing boss 106 on the cavity casing 7, is equipped with protruding edge 1061 on spacing boss 106, and when first buckle spacing section 1002 and the spacing section 1004 block of second buckle in the recess 1051 of fixed column 105, buckle 10 card in protruding edge 1061 lower part in the position that is adjacent to first buckle spacing section 1002 and the spacing section 1004 of second buckle, when breaking out buckle spacing section from the recess, buckle 10 still can be spacing by protruding edge 1061, avoids buckle 10 to pop out.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6 to 8, the seed metering disc 2 and the gear ring 3 are fixedly connected through 3 socket head cap bolts 301 and are installed in the chamber housing 7. The positioning shaft 4 is provided with an annular convex positioning sheet, a plurality of positioning columns 401 are uniformly arranged on the positioning sheet, one end of the positioning shaft 4 on one side of the positioning sheet is provided with a column pin hole 404, the other side of the positioning sheet is provided with a necking part, one end of the necking part, which is close to the positioning sheet, is provided with a positioning shoulder 402, and one end of the necking part, which is far away from the positioning sheet, is provided with a positioning groove 403. The seed plate positioning shaft 4 is matched with the seed plate shaft hole, the relative positions of the seed plate positioning shaft 4 and the seed plate 2 are kept through the matching of the seed plate positioning column 401 and the seed plate positioning hole 201, and meanwhile, pins are inserted into the pin holes 404, so that the axial position of the seed plate is limited. The necking part between the positioning shoulder 402 and the positioning groove 403 is in interference fit with the inner rings of the two bearings 6, the shaft between the positioning shoulder 402 and the positioning groove 403 of the seed metering disc positioning shaft 4 is matched with the shaft hole 704 of the chamber shell 7 through the two bearings 6, the outer rings of the two bearings 6 are in interference fit with the shaft hole 704, and the two bearings 6 are arranged to enable the bearing of the positioning shaft 4 to be more stable; the elastic retainer ring 5 is fixed in the positioning groove 403, meanwhile, the elastic retainer ring 5 is contacted with the inner ring of the rear bearing 6, and the outer ring of the rear bearing 6 is matched and contacted with the rear limit shoulder 705 of the shaft hole 704; also, the inner ring of the bearing 6 near the positioning shoulder 402 is positioned in contact with the positioning shoulder 402, and the outer ring of the front bearing 6 is positioned in contact with the circlip 5 on the front limit groove 707 of the shaft hole 704 of the chamber housing 7 (i.e. the positioning groove 403 and the front limit groove 707 are each provided with a circlip 5 of the same size), so that the outer rings of the two bearings 6 are positioned by the circlip 5 on the rear limit shoulder 705 and the front limit groove 707 of the chamber housing 7, respectively, and the interference fit between the outer ring of the bearing 6 and the shaft hole 704 is ensured, together with the fixing of the two bearings in the shaft hole 704. The inner rings of the two bearings 6 are limited and fixed by the elastic retainer ring 5 on the positioning shoulder 402 and the positioning groove 403 of the positioning shaft 4 of the seed metering disc, and the inner rings of the two bearings 6 are in interference fit with the shaft shrinkage neck between the positioning shoulder 402 and the positioning groove 403, so that the axial movement of the positioning shaft 4 of the seed metering disc in the shaft hole 704 is limited.
As shown in fig. 2 and 9, the air passage housing 8 is fixed with the holes on the back plate of the chamber housing 7 by screws through 6 air passage housing fixing holes 801 of the inner and outer rings (three fixing holes 801 are respectively provided for the inner and outer rings), and the air flow is discharged through the air passage 803 on the air passage housing 8 via the air extraction opening 802. The air flue shell 8 body is in a non-closed ring shape, the air flue 803 is arranged on the inner surface of the air flue shell 8 body, the shape of the air flue 803 is also in a non-closed ring shape, the air pumping hole 802 is arranged on the outer surface of the air flue shell 8 body and is communicated with the air flue 803, and when the air flue shell 8 is installed, the air flue 803 faces the chamber shell 7.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 10, the motor 11 is aligned with the corresponding mounting holes on the chamber housing 7 through 4 motor fixing holes 1102 on the motor 11 housing and then connected by bolts. The transmission gear 1101 at the front end of the motor 11 stretches into the chamber shell 7 and then is meshed with the gear ring 3 for transmission. The chamber housing 7 comprises a bottom plate and a circle of side walls surrounding the bottom plate to form a concave cavity, a shaft hole is arranged in the center of the bottom plate, a plurality of circular arc-shaped strip-shaped holes are arranged around the shaft hole and used as ventilation cavities, the number of the strip-shaped holes is 3, the strip-shaped holes are arranged at intervals on the same circumference, the shape and the size of the preferred strip-shaped holes are the same, and the intervals are the same. The two ends of each strip-shaped hole are arc-shaped, so that wind resistance can be reduced.
As described above, fig. 1 and 2 are assembled views showing the whole structure of the suction seed metering device in the functional mode.
For the structure of the pneumatic seed metering device with the functional mode, the parts with the same assembly relation with the pneumatic seed metering device with the functional mode are not repeated here, and only different parts are discussed. In the two functional modes of air suction and air pressure, the difference is that the front shell and the rear shell are different. As shown in fig. 14 and 15, in the pneumatic seed metering device functional mode, the front housing 12 has one more air inlet pipe 121 than the front housing 1 in the air suction seed metering device functional mode, and the air inlet pipe 121 is provided with an air hole sieve 123 at the bottom, and the air hole sieve 123 can make air uniformly enter the seed metering device. In addition, seeds enter from the seed inlet pipe 122 and reach the pneumatic seed dropping port 124 (namely the interface of the seed inlet pipe 122 and the bottom plate) to form a population, and the pneumatic seed dropping port 124 is 20mm higher than the seed dropping port 109 of the front shell 1 of the seed metering device in the air suction function mode, so that the stability of population dropping at the position of the pneumatic seed dropping port 124 is ensured. The functional mode is that the pneumatic seed metering device does not have an air passage shell 8.
For the air suction type seed metering device, as shown in fig. 2 and 9, an air passage shell 8 is fixed with a hole on a back plate of a chamber shell 7 through an inner air passage shell and an outer air passage shell fixing hole 801 (three fixing holes 801 are respectively arranged on an inner ring and an outer ring) by screws, and air flow is discharged from an air chamber 702 through an air passage 803 on the air passage shell 8 through an air extraction hole 802. As shown in fig. 9 and 21, the air passage 803 has an outwardly convex circular configuration, and as can be seen from the air passage outer side 804, it has an outwardly convex semicircular configuration. The air passage 803 is arranged to be in a convex semicircular structure, so that air can uniformly and smoothly pass through the air passage 803, the air passage 803 is in a convex semicircular structure, no part with abrupt structural change can enable air to circulate smoothly, the air pressure is stable, the air pressure stability of the air passage shell 8 can ensure the air pressure stability of the air chamber 702, and the seed sowing effect of the seed sowing plate 2 is good, namely the seed sowing performance of the seed sowing device is stable.
As described above, fig. 11 to 13 are overall assembly views of the pneumatic seed metering device in the functional mode.
The seed metering device of the invention has the following working processes:
when the functional mode of the seed metering device is used as an air suction type seed metering device, the general assembly drawings of the seed metering device are shown in fig. 1, 2, 6 and 22, and three seed metering device frame fixing lugs 703 are shown in fig. 8 and are integrated with the chamber shell 7 (the chamber shell 7 is molded), each fixing lug 703 is provided with a mounting hole, and 3 seed metering device frame fixing lugs 703 are fixed on a frame (such as a frame of a seed sowing machine) of corresponding operation by bolts so as to fix the seed metering device. The negative pressure port of the fan is connected to the air extraction port 802 to provide negative pressure for the air chamber 702 in the chamber housing 7, the seed box is connected above the seed inlet 119 of the seed dropping tube 109A, seeds in the seed box can enter from the seed inlet 119 of the seed inlet tube 109A of the front housing 1 to reach the seed dropping hole 109, and due to the negative pressure of the air chamber 702, the seeds can be adsorbed on the shaped holes 202 on the seed metering disc 2, and the shaped holes 202 are bar-shaped holes. The motor 11 controlled by the singlechip drives the gear ring 3 engaged with the motor through the transmission gear 111, and the gear ring 3 rotates to drive the seed metering disc 2 to rotate. Under the action of the negative pressure gas chamber 702, seeds in holes on the periphery of the seed metering disc 2 reach a seed falling position 706 along with the rotation of the seed metering disc 2 (the seed falling position 706 does not have the gas chamber 702 and can not provide negative pressure), and the seeds are discharged from the seed guide opening 110 by self weight, so that seed metering is completed.
When the functional mode of the seed metering device is used as the pneumatic seed metering device, the seed metering device is fixed on the rack in the same way as the above, and the air outlet of the fan is connected with the air inlet pipe 121 on the air pressure front shell 12 to provide air pressure for the front surface of the seed metering disc 2, and the air entering from the air inlet pipe 121 is discharged from the air chamber 702. Thus, when the hole 202 on the seed metering disc 2 is positioned in the gas chamber 702, the seeds on the hole are temporarily fixed at the corresponding position by the air pressure, and when the hole of the seed metering disc 2 reaches the seed dropping position 706, the air flow cannot pass through the hole housing 7 at the seed dropping position 706 due to the blocking of the housing wall, so that the air pressure is not applied to the seed dropping position 706, and the seeds reaching the hole are discharged from the seed outlet by self weight, thereby completing the seed metering process.
The invention also improves the structure of the seed pushing plate aiming at the pneumatic seed metering device, and provides a rebroadcast preventing seed pushing plate 125, as shown in fig. 4 and 23, the rebroadcast preventing seed pushing plate 125 has two more structures than the seed pushing plate 101, namely a second seed scraper 1252 and a rebroadcast preventing seed blocking plate 1253. The second seed scraper 1252 and the anti-replay seed blocking plate 1253 are arranged at the lower part of the seed passing opening 1251 adjacent to the seed passing opening, the second seed scraper 1252 is arranged above the anti-replay seed blocking plate 1253, wherein the anti-replay seed blocking plate 1253 and the upper longitudinal plate form 120 degrees, the anti-replay seed blocking plate 1253 and the second seed scraper 1252 form 60 degrees, and the length of the anti-replay seed blocking plate 1253 is about 47mm. The same parts of the anti-replay ejector plate 125 as the ejector plate 101 will not be repeated here. As shown in fig. 15 and 23, when seeds form a population at the pneumatic seed dropping port 124, air pressure is generated when air enters the air chamber between the seed metering disc 2 and the air pressure front shell 12 from the air inlet 121 through the air hole sieve 123, air flow disturbance is generated to the population at the seed dropping port 124, and the seeds of the population are splashed, so that the seeds fly through the seed dropping port 1251 in the splashing process, and rebroadcast is caused. After the anti-replay baffle 1253 is added, the anti-replay baffle can effectively prevent seeds from splashing upwards to pass through the seed passing opening 1251. In addition, during the seed metering operation of the seed metering device, seeds of the population at the pneumatic seed dropping port 124 are pressed and attached to the seed metering disc 2, and when the seed metering disc 2 rotates to reach the position of the seed scraper 112, the seed to be scraped 112 performs the first seed cleaning operation, and when the seed reaches the position of the second seed scraper 1252, the seed is cleaned for the second time. Since the size of the seed passing opening 1251 is designed according to the maximum size of a single corn seed, if the seed passing opening 1251 can perform the third seed cleaning after the previous two seed cleaning failures. By triple seed cleaning of the anti-reseeding seed pushing plate 125, the reseeding rate of the seed metering device during seed metering can be greatly reduced.
The pneumatic and pneumatic dual-purpose precise seed metering device can be quickly disassembled, the contact ratio of parts is high, and the pneumatic and pneumatic seed metering device can be switched by only replacing few parts, so that the working efficiency can be greatly improved.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a dual-purpose accurate volume seed metering ware of air-aspiration formula barometric, includes procapsid, seed metering dish and cavity casing, its characterized in that: the front shell is connected with the cavity shell through a buckle, and the seed sowing plate is arranged between the inner cavity of the cavity shell and the front shell; the seed sowing device also comprises a seed pushing plate and a seed scraping device; the front shell comprises a bottom plate and an annular wall perpendicular to the bottom plate, a seed dropping pipe is arranged on the outer surface of the bottom plate and communicated with a seed dropping port on the bottom plate, and a seed guiding port is arranged on the annular wall; the upper end and the lower end of the lower longitudinal plate are respectively provided with a fixed port, the fixed ports are respectively matched with two pushing plate fixing columns on the front shell so as to fix the pushing plate on the front shell, and the fixing columns are arranged on the inner surface of the bottom plate of the front shell and are of outwards-protruding columnar structures; the front shell fixing column is provided with a groove, and two ends of the buckle are matched with the groove of the front shell fixing column;
the dual-purpose accurate seed metering ware of air-aspiration formula atmospheric pressure can carry out the function conversion between air-aspiration atmospheric pressure, convenient to detach, wherein:
in the functional mode of the pneumatic precise seed sowing device, the front shell further comprises an air inlet pipe, and an air hole sieve is arranged at the bottom of the air inlet pipe and used for enabling air to uniformly enter the seed sowing device; seeds enter from the seed inlet pipe and reach the pneumatic seed dropping port to form a population, wherein the pneumatic seed dropping port is higher than the seed dropping port of the front shell of the seed metering device in the air suction function mode;
in the functional mode of the air suction type precise seed metering device, an air passage shell is fixed with a hole on a back plate of a cavity shell through 6 air passage shell fixing holes on an inner ring and an outer ring by using screws, and air flow is discharged from an air chamber through an air passage on the air passage shell through an air extraction hole; the air passage is of a convex semicircular structure.
2. The seed metering device of claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the annular wall is also provided with a seed discharging port, the seed discharging port is provided with a seed discharging port baffle plate matched with the seed discharging port, one end of the seed discharging port baffle plate is fixed with the front shell, and the other end of the seed discharging port baffle plate is fixed by a seed discharging port baffle plate buckle.
3. The seed metering device of claim 2, wherein: the whole seed discharging port baffle plate is an arc-shaped plate, and a seed discharging port baffle plate boss is arranged on the inner surface of the seed discharging port baffle plate.
4. The seed metering device of claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the seed scraping device are respectively provided with a cylindrical hole, the cylindrical hole and a front shell seed scraping device fixing column form a hinge mechanism, and the fixing column is arranged on the inner surface of the bottom plate of the front shell and is of a columnar structure protruding outwards; the other cylindrical hole is matched with a seed scraper adjusting hole on the front shell through a shoe-shaped gold ingot nut bolt, and the adjusting hole is a strip-shaped hole.
5. The seed metering device of claim 1, wherein: the annular wall of the front shell is provided with four front shell fixing columns far away from the outermost ring of the bottom plate, the front shell is matched with corresponding holes on the cavity shell through the front shell fixing columns, and each buckle is respectively connected with the two front shell fixing columns in a clamping mode.
6. The seed metering device of claim 1, wherein: still include gear circle and locating shaft, seed metering dish and gear circle pass through bolt fixed connection, install in the cavity casing, are equipped with annular evagination spacer on the locating shaft, and a plurality of reference columns evenly set up on the spacer, and the locating shaft is equipped with the post pinhole in the one end of spacer one side, and the locating shaft is equipped with the neck portion in the spacer opposite side, and the neck portion is close to the one end of spacer and is formed with the location shoulder, and the neck portion is equipped with the constant head tank in the one end of keeping away from the spacer.
7. A planter comprising a seed metering device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN201810944535.2A CN108848803B (en) | 2018-08-19 | 2018-08-19 | Air suction type and pneumatic type dual-purpose precision seed sowing device |
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| CN201810944535.2A CN108848803B (en) | 2018-08-19 | 2018-08-19 | Air suction type and pneumatic type dual-purpose precision seed sowing device |
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| CN108848803B true CN108848803B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
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| CN109451932A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-12 | 黑龙江精播科技开发有限公司 | A kind of air-suction seeding unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103503612A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-15 | 中国农业大学 | Airflow disturbance precision seed sowing device |
| CN104368961A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-25 | 广达电脑股份有限公司 | Screw locking machine |
| CN106258110A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-01-04 | 中国农业大学 | Valve adjustable air-flow auxiliary seed-filling, seeding internal feed type seeder and control method |
| CN107896587A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-13 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of aspirated-air type high speed precise seeder with auxiliary seed-filling effect discharge plate |
| CN208675735U (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2019-04-02 | 中国农业大学 | Aspirated-air type and the dual-purpose precise seeder of vapour-pressure type |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2685872T3 (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2018-10-11 | Matermacc S.P.A. | An improved seed dispenser for a precision automatic seeder |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104368961A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-25 | 广达电脑股份有限公司 | Screw locking machine |
| CN103503612A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-01-15 | 中国农业大学 | Airflow disturbance precision seed sowing device |
| CN106258110A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-01-04 | 中国农业大学 | Valve adjustable air-flow auxiliary seed-filling, seeding internal feed type seeder and control method |
| CN107896587A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-13 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of aspirated-air type high speed precise seeder with auxiliary seed-filling effect discharge plate |
| CN208675735U (en) * | 2018-08-19 | 2019-04-02 | 中国农业大学 | Aspirated-air type and the dual-purpose precise seeder of vapour-pressure type |
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