CN108848375B - Camera performance testing device based on EMVA1288 standard - Google Patents
Camera performance testing device based on EMVA1288 standard Download PDFInfo
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- CN108848375B CN108848375B CN201811081994.9A CN201811081994A CN108848375B CN 108848375 B CN108848375 B CN 108848375B CN 201811081994 A CN201811081994 A CN 201811081994A CN 108848375 B CN108848375 B CN 108848375B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N17/00—Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details
- H04N17/002—Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details for television cameras
Abstract
The invention relates to a camera performance testing device based on an EMVA1288 standard, and belongs to the technical field of image sensor and camera testing. The testing device is designed based on the EMVA1288 standard, a physical model and a mathematical model of the standard are clear, definition of performance parameters and a testing method are very strict, and the testing device is the only internationally accepted standard of the image sensor and camera performance testing industry at present. The testing device mainly comprises an LED flat light source, a cylindrical light path, a diaphragm, a camera switching ring, a camera darkroom and the like. The test device has compact structure, so that the whole test device can be realized in the form of a portable instrument, and can complete the complete set of parameter test of the EMVA1288 fully automatically by combining with matched computer software.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a camera performance testing device based on an EMVA1288 standard, and belongs to the technical field of image sensor and camera testing.
Background
The EMVA1288 standard is a performance test standard for image sensors and cameras, which is formulated by the european machine vision institute, and the standard clearly specifies the test equipment, the test method, the definition of parameters, and the output and format of test results, is the only currently accepted international standard in the machine vision industry, and is accepted by all major image sensor and camera manufacturers internationally.
The chinese machine vision alliance (CMVU) officially released a chinese version of the standard in 10 months 2017 and began to vigorously popularize the standard in China, meanwhile, efforts are also being made to apply for upgrading the standard to the national standard, and it is hoped to guide domestic camera manufacturers and users in a standard-standardized test method, so as to improve the research, development, production and application level of domestic image sensors and cameras as a whole. An image sensor and a camera performance test platform based on the EMVA1288 standard are developed by related domestic units, for example, patent document 1 discloses a camera performance test platform based on the EMVA1288 standard, which uses an integrating sphere light source to place an optical power meter, a double-disc filter component and related various supports in a camera bellows to form a test device, and the camera performance test is performed according to an algorithm specified by the EMVA1288 standard. For example, patent document 2 discloses a CMOS image sensor testing device based on FPGA technology, which is an image sensor testing platform based on EMVA1288 standard, and the platform adopts a structure of integrating sphere light source and darkroom as in patent document 1, the image sensor to be tested and the FPGA image acquisition circuit are placed in a temperature control box, and the temperature control box is placed in the darkroom. The temperature control box is used for controlling the temperature of the image sensor, and the darkroom provides a bright-dark field optical environment required by the EMVA1288 test.
Prior art literature
Patent document 1: CN 102253594B-camera performance test platform based on EMVA1288 standard;
patent document 2: CN 103698682B-a CMOS image sensor testing device based on FPGA technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a standardized testing device which meets the strict requirements of the EMVA1288 standard on testing equipment, has a compact structure, small volume and portability, and can be used in a camera production line, an image sensor detection line and a camera research laboratory. The device is matched with software designed according to an EMVA1288 standard algorithm, and can complete full-automatic complete set of EMVA1288 standard parameter tests rapidly and efficiently.
The device is realized by the following technical scheme:
in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention relates to a camera performance testing device based on EMVA1288 standard, which comprises an LED flat light source, a cylindrical light path, a diaphragm, a camera switching ring, a camera darkroom and the like.
Two ends of the cylindrical light path are respectively provided with a round hole with the diameter of D, and the round holes are respectively a light inlet and a light outlet of the light path.
The LED panel light source can be a single-color light source or a multi-color light source, such as an RGB three-color light source, and the luminous intensity and the color of the LED panel light source can be switched by the light source controller.
The LED panel light source emits light uniformly, the size of the light emitting surface is larger than that of the light inlet, the LED panel light source is clung to the light inlet, and emitted light enters the light path through the light inlet.
The cylindrical light path is internally provided with 1 or more diaphragms, and the diaphragms are provided with round light holes, and the diameters of the light holes are the same as those of the light inlet and the light outlet.
The inner diameter of the cylindrical light path must be larger than the diameter of the diaphragm aperture, and should be generally designed to be more than 2 times (inclusive of) the diameter of the diaphragm aperture.
When the inner diameter of the cylinder light path is 2-3 times of the diameter of the diaphragm light-passing hole, at least 2 circular hole diaphragms are arranged in the cylinder, and the diaphragms are arranged in the cylinder at equal intervals.
When the inner diameter of the cylinder light path is more than 3 times of the diameter of the diaphragm light-passing hole, only 1 circular aperture diaphragm can be installed in the cylinder, and the diaphragm is placed in the middle of the light path as far as possible.
When the inner diameter of the cylinder light path is less than 2 times of the diameter of the diaphragm light-passing hole, at least more than 3 circular hole diaphragms are arranged in the cylinder, and the diaphragms are arranged in the cylinder at equal intervals.
And the cylindrical light path light outlet is connected with the camera switching ring or the camera darkroom.
The camera adapter ring is in a standard camera lens interface form (such as a C-port or F-port lens interface) on one side, can be directly connected with a tested camera with a standard lens interface, and is tightly connected with one end of a light outlet of a cylinder light path without light leakage on the other side.
The camera darkroom is provided with a light inlet which is tightly connected with the light outlet of the cylinder light path without light leakage.
The inner surface of the cylinder light path, the diaphragm surface arranged in the light path, the inner surface of the camera transfer ring and the inner surface of the camera darkroom are all processed into black so as to reduce the reflection of light as much as possible.
One side of the light outlet of the cylindrical light path can be connected with the camera switching ring only, can be connected with the camera darkroom only, and can be connected with the switching ring and the darkroom simultaneously.
The light inlet of the cylindrical light path is coaxial with the light outlet, the diaphragm, the camera switching ring and the light inlet of the camera darkroom, and a cylindrical light path is formed.
The light emitting surface of the LED light source, the plane of the light inlet, the plane of the light outlet, the plane of the diaphragm light-passing round hole and the photosurface of the image sensor of the tested camera are perpendicular to the optical axis of the light path, the ratio of the distance D between the light emitting surface and the photosurface to the diameter D of the diaphragm light-passing hole is 8:1, and the light emitted by the light source directly irradiates the photosurface of the tested camera through the light path, so that the requirements of the EMVA1288 standard on the test light path are met.
The beneficial effects are that:
according to the requirements of EMVA1288 standard on a test light path, in order to ensure that the photosensitive surface of the image sensor can only receive monochromatic light directly emitted by the light source luminous surface, so as to ensure that the illuminance uniformity of the photosensitive surface of the image sensor reaches the requirement of better than 99%, a large darkroom with the internal size greatly exceeding the diameter of the light source is generally required to be designed, so that the influence of reflected light of the darkroom wall on the illuminance uniformity of the image surface is reduced, for example, patent document 1 and patent document 2 both adopt large darkroom structures. The invention does not adopt a large darkroom structure, but uses a cylindrical closed light path which only needs 2-3 times of the diameter of the light spot to replace the darkroom structure, thereby greatly reducing the volume of the whole testing device.
Although the inner wall of the cylindrical light path is completely black, its reflectivity is not zero. The inner wall of the small cylinder light path is too close to the photosensitive surface of the image sensor, and the illuminance uniformity of the photosensitive surface of the image sensor is obviously influenced by the reflected light of the inner wall.
According to the specification of the EMVA1288 standard, a single-color uniform area light source is used for a test light source, and the test device adopts a single-color or multi-color LED flat light source, and the color of the light source can be directly, simply and conveniently changed through an LED light source controller, and the light intensity of the light source can be adjusted, unlike other EMVA1288 test platforms which usually adopt an integrating sphere and a single-color filter to generate the single-color area light source. The light source meets the requirements of EMVA1288 on the test light source, and meanwhile, the occupied volume of the light source is greatly reduced, so that the volume of the whole test device is further and effectively reduced.
For a finished product camera to be tested with a standard optical interface, the finished product camera can be directly connected to one side of a light outlet of a cylinder light path through a connecting ring to perform a complete set of EMVA1288 camera performance test, and a darkroom is not required to be additionally prepared; for cameras without standard optical interfaces, such as plate cameras in the developing process, a small darkroom can be arranged on one side of the light outlet of the cylinder light path to place the tested camera for performance test.
The camera performance test platform adopts the measures of the cylindrical light path with the round hole diaphragm, the LED flat light source, the camera switching ring and the like, so that the whole design completely meets the requirements of the EMVA1288, and meanwhile, the camera performance test platform has compact structure, small volume, portability and easy portability, is matched with matched full-automatic test software, and can complete the full-automatic test of the EMVA1288 quickly and efficiently.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a camera performance testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the camera performance testing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an internal light path of the camera performance testing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an internal light path of the camera performance testing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 after the dual diaphragms are simplified into a single diaphragm;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a camera performance testing apparatus with a camera chamber structure according to the present invention;
in the drawing the view of the figure,
1-LED flat light source, 2-cylinder light path with light inlet, 3-1# round hole diaphragm, 4-middle cylinder light path, 5-2# round hole diaphragm, 6-cylinder light path with light outlet, 7-camera switching ring, 8-camera to be tested, 9-small darkroom, AB-light path light inlet, XY-light path light outlet.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1: a compact camera performance testing device based on EMVA1288 standard can be used for performance testing of a camera with a standard optical interface. Fig. 1, 2 and 3 are a schematic perspective view, a schematic cross-sectional view and an internal light path of the device. The test platform comprises an LED flat light source, a cylindrical light path, a diaphragm, a camera switching ring and the like. As shown in fig. 1, the diaphragm 3 and the diaphragm 5 divide the whole cylinder into 3 segments, cylinders 2, 4, 6, respectively. The diffuse light emitted by the LED flat light source 1 enters the cylinder 2 through the light inlet AB, passes through the diaphragm 3, the cylinder 4, the diaphragm 5, the cylinder 6 and the light outlet XY, and finally irradiates on the photosensitive surface of the image sensor of the camera 8 through the camera switching ring 7.
According to the requirements of the EMVA1288 standard on test equipment, the distance D between the photosensitive surface of the image sensor to be tested and the disc-shaped light source and the diameter D of the disc-shaped light source are required to satisfy the relation of 8 times, namely: d/d=8, in the test device of the present invention, the requirement is satisfied by adjusting the cylinder optical path length, the camera adapter ring length, and the camera position; in the device, the light inlet AB, the light outlet XY and the light passing holes of the diaphragm 3 and the diaphragm 5 are all round and have the same and coaxial diameters, so that no shielding object is ensured between the light inlet and the light outlet (shown in fig. 3-XY) of the LED light source (shown in fig. 3-AB), the camera transfer ring behind the light outlet is matched with a tested camera, the inner diameter of the camera transfer ring is larger than the sensitive surface of the tested image sensor, no shielding is ensured between the light outlet of the light path and the sensitive surface of the image sensor, and the requirements of the EMVA1288 standard are met.
In addition to the above requirements, in order to ensure uniformity of illuminance on an image plane, not only to allow an external light source to enter the image plane, but also to minimize the influence of reflected light in an optical path on the uniformity of illuminance on the image plane, a conventional method is to construct a large darkroom with a completely black inner wall, for example, the test apparatuses disclosed in patent document 1 and patent document 2 employ such a large darkroom structure, and a simplified geometrical optical algorithm is described below to briefly explain the principle of employing the large darkroom.
Taking the cylindrical light path in this example as an example, the diameter of the inner wall of the cylindrical light path is designed to be 2 times that of a disc-shaped light source, and the total equivalent reflectivity is assumed to be 1% after the inside of the light path is subjected to the full black treatment. Since D/d=8, it is not difficult to calculate that the cylinder inner surface area is about 64 times the light emitting area of the light source. Because the inner diameter of the light path is smaller, the optical path of the light emitted by the light source reaching the image surface after primary reflection by the inner wall of the cylinder is not greatly different from the optical path of the light directly emitted by the light source reaching the image surface. Therefore, the ratio of the reflected light of the inner wall of the cylinder received by the image surface to the light directly emitted by the light source is about 0.64:1, and the illuminance uniformity of the photosensitive surface of the tested camera can be obviously damaged by the strong reflected light, so that the design of the whole light path does not meet the requirements of EMVA1288 on the light path. When the inner diameter of the cylinder is increased to 40 times the diameter of the light source, namely 40D, the light path of the reflected light is increased to 5 times the light path of the direct light, and although at the same time the inner surface area of the cylinder is increased to 20 times the diameter of the cylinder, the reflected light intensity on the image plane is reduced to about 1/30 (= 20/5/5/5/5) of the original, so that the intensity ratio of the reflected light to the direct light is reduced to about 1:50 (=1/30×0.64). Taking a 36mm diameter light source as an example, the internal dimensions of the darkroom have reached 1.44 meters, and if the influence of the reflected light from the internal wall of the darkroom on the uniformity of the illuminance of the image plane is to be further reduced, the darkroom space needs to be further increased.
The device of the invention does not adopt a mode of increasing the darkroom to reduce the influence of the reflected light of the darkroom inner wall on the illuminance uniformity of the photosensitive surface, but is provided with two round hole diaphragms (diaphragm 3 and diaphragm 5) on the light path, and the light path diagram is shown in figure 3. For a cylindrical optical path of 2 (or more) diameters, 2 diaphragms divide the entire optical path into equally spaced 3 segments (cylinder 2, cylinder 4 and cylinder 6). The circular light-passing hole with the same diameter as the light inlet AB is formed in the center of the circular aperture diaphragm, so that each pixel on the light outlet XY and the light-sensing surface of the tested camera can directly receive light rays emitted by the whole light source surface, the requirements of the EMVA1288 standard on a light path are met, meanwhile, other parts of the circular aperture diaphragm except the light-passing hole effectively block diffuse light emitted by the light source from being directly reflected to an image surface by the inner wall of the cylinder, and the light path principle is briefly introduced by combining with FIG. 3.
Taking the light rays a1 and a2 sent by the point A as an example, the light rays a1 pass through the edges of the light inlet AB, the diaphragm 3, the diaphragm 5 and the light outlet XY, and can directly irradiate the X point of the light outlet, other light rays between the light rays a1 and a2 can be divided into 3 types, the 1 st type can directly irradiate the XY light outlet, the 2 nd type can irradiate the right side inner wall of the cylinder 6, and the 3 rd type can irradiate the right half inner wall and the side wall of the middle cylinder 4. Of these 3 types of illumination, the type 1 direct light is the light required for testing; for the light outlet XY, the inner wall and the left side wall of the cylinder 6 can be "seen", but the right side wall cannot be "seen", so that the reflected light generated by the type 2 irradiation cannot be directly received; for the middle cylinder 4, due to the action of the diaphragm 5, the light exit XY "sees" the left half of the cylinder 4, but cannot receive the type 3 light reflected directly from the right half. In addition, the light outside the light rays a1 and a2 emitted from the point a can be irradiated to other parts of the cylinder 2 except the left side wall, but the light outlet XY can only "see" the left side wall of the cylinder 2 and the light source AB, so that the light directly reflected by the cylinder 2 cannot be received. The same conclusion can be obtained by analyzing the light rays B1 and B2 sent out by the point B and other luminous points between the points AB, namely that each pixel of the light outlet and the camera photosurface cannot receive direct reflected light of the inner wall of the cylinder or the side wall of the diaphragm to the light source, but can directly 'see' the complete light source surface of the light inlet. Therefore, the light path meets the requirements of the EMVA1288 standard on the light path, and simultaneously achieves the effect of prohibiting primary reflected light on the inner wall of the cylinder from directly reaching the light sensing surface, thereby effectively ensuring that the illuminance uniformity of the light sensing surface meets the requirements of the EMVA1288 standard.
Also, with the above data, assuming that the reflectivity of the inner wall of the optical path is 1%, the secondary reflectivity is 1% by 1% =0.01%, so that the intensity of light generated by secondary reflection is far smaller than that generated by primary reflection, and the influence on the uniformity of illuminance on the photosensitive surface is negligible.
In summary, in the present embodiment, the ratio of the light intensity directly reflected to the image surface by the inner wall of the cylinder to the light intensity directly reflected to the image surface is reduced from 0.64:1 to 0:1, which is far better than the method of increasing the size of the darkroom, while the inner diameter of the cylinder is kept to be only 2 times the diameter of the light source, or the data are taken as an example.
Besides the design, the EMVA1288 standard also requires that a monochromatic light source is used as a test light source, the invention generally adopts an RGB three-color LED flat-panel light source, the color of output light can be switched by a light source controller, and red, blue or green monochromatic light can be respectively output. When testing a black-and-white image sensor, a green light source is generally adopted, and when testing a Bayer color image sensor, three color channels are respectively tested by using light sources with corresponding colors. In addition, the intensity of the light source can also be directly adjusted by the light source controller.
For common C/CS port or Nikon F port cameras, the light source with the diameter of 36mm can meet most of conventional testing requirements according to the regulation of EMVA1288 standard, and the overall size of the testing device designed by adopting the method disclosed by the invention can be controlled within 300mm x 300mm x 300mm. The whole device completely accords with the EMVA1288 standard, and meanwhile, the structure is compact, and the device is convenient to carry.
Example 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, when the inner diameter of the cylinder is more than 3 times of the diameter of the light source, only one diaphragm can be used to achieve the effect of prohibiting the light emitted by the light source from directly reflecting the inner wall of the cylinder to reach the image surface, as shown in fig. 4. In the present embodiment, the diaphragm 3 equally divides the cylindrical optical path into two parts. Compared with embodiment 1, this embodiment reduces one diaphragm but increases the size of the entire apparatus. The method can be used for improving the traditional large darkroom test equipment and eliminating the influence of direct reflected light of the darkroom inner wall on the uniformity of the illumination of the image plane.
Example 3: in embodiment 1, the tested camera is tightly connected with the light outlet of the cylindrical light path through the matched camera switching ring, and the connection mode is very convenient for using the finished product camera with a standard optical interface (such as a C port or an F port). However, for cameras without standard optical interfaces, such as the plate cameras or image sensors under development, evaluation test plates, the test cannot be performed directly because of their lack of standard optical interfaces. In order to meet the performance test requirements of these cameras or image sensors, as shown in fig. 5, a camera darkroom 9 can be added on one side of the light outlet of the cylinder light path, the inner wall of the darkroom is also of a completely black design, the only opening is in butt joint with the light outlet of the cylinder, the camera can be directly placed in the darkroom without using a camera adapter ring 7 in the device, and the camera photosurface can be adjusted to a position with a distance d=8d from the light source and kept perpendicular to the optical axis, so that the performance test of the image sensor or the camera can be directly performed.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The camera performance testing device based on the EMVA1288 standard is characterized by comprising an LED flat light source, a cylindrical light path, a diaphragm and a camera switching ring; the centers of two ends of the cylindrical light path are respectively provided with a round hole with the diameter of D, a light inlet and a light outlet of the cylindrical light path are respectively formed in the center, the light inlet is in close contact connection with the light emitting surface of the LED flat light source, the light outlet is connected with the camera switching ring, and the other end of the camera switching ring is connected with a camera to be tested; more than 1 diaphragms are arranged in the cylindrical light path, the diaphragm surface is perpendicular to the central axis of the cylindrical light path, a circular light-passing hole is formed in the diaphragm, and the light-passing hole is coaxial with the light inlet and the light outlet and has the same diameter D; when the inner diameter of the cylindrical light path is more than or equal to 2D and less than 3D, at least 2 diaphragms should be installed, and the 2 diaphragms equally divide the cylindrical light path into 3 sections; when the inner diameter of the cylindrical light path is larger than 3D, only 1 diaphragm is installed, and the diaphragm divides the cylindrical light path into 2 sections equally; when the inner diameter of the cylindrical light path is smaller than 2D, more than 3 diaphragms are required to be installed, and the diaphragms divide the cylindrical light path into more than 4 sections equally; the diaphragm light-passing hole, the light-in opening, the light-out opening and the camera switching ring are coaxial to form a main light path of the whole device.
2. The device for testing the performance of the camera based on the EMVA1288 standard according to claim 1, wherein the diaphragm light-passing hole, the cylindrical light path light-in opening, the cylindrical light-out opening and the camera switching ring are coaxial to form a cylindrical closed light path, the light-sensitive surface of the image sensor of the camera to be tested is perpendicular to the central axis of the light path, the center of the light-sensitive surface is positioned on the central axis of the light path, the distance D between the light-sensitive surface and the light-emitting surface of the light source is 8D, and the requirements of the EMVA1288 standard on the image sensor and the camera performance testing device are met.
3. The device for testing the performance of the camera based on the EMVA1288 standard according to claim 1, wherein a camera darkroom is additionally arranged on one side of the light outlet of the cylindrical light path, and the camera can be placed in the darkroom for testing the performance when the camera to be tested cannot directly use the camera adapter ring without the standard optical interface.
4. The device for testing camera performance based on EMVA1288 standard according to claim 1 wherein the cylindrical optical path is replaced with a square cylindrical optical path.
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| CN114040187B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2024-02-09 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Method and device suitable for screening and testing image sensor of deep space exploration color camera |
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| CN208724108U (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-04-09 | 西安远望图像技术有限公司 | Camera properties test device based on EMVA1288 standard |
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