CN108848016B - Household appliance data interaction bus design method - Google Patents
Household appliance data interaction bus design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108848016B CN108848016B CN201810529437.2A CN201810529437A CN108848016B CN 108848016 B CN108848016 B CN 108848016B CN 201810529437 A CN201810529437 A CN 201810529437A CN 108848016 B CN108848016 B CN 108848016B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/03—Protocol definition or specification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/26—Special purpose or proprietary protocols or architectures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40215—Controller Area Network CAN
Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a household appliance data interaction bus, wherein the bus comprises a master device and a slave device, a communication protocol of the household appliance data interaction bus occupies two pins of an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit), the two pins are respectively named as AT (automatic transmission) and CD (compact disc) lines, and the whole communication process comprises a Q time sequence, an E time sequence, a W time sequence, a discrimination domain, a T time sequence, an R time sequence and a Y time sequence. The invention uses the double check of the time sequence control and the time domain discrimination technology, and is more reliable compared with the traditional interface; CRC can be added or not by self, and compared with the traditional protocol, the protocol is more humanized, the anti-interference capability is stronger under the severe environment, and the CRC is forbidden under the good environment, so that the utilization rate of the bus is improved; the hardware interface equipment conforming to the protocol can at least obtain a power supply on the hardware interface equipment, and the hardware interface equipment is inserted into the interface in a non-separated direction, so that compared with the traditional interface, the power supply has a plurality of contacts, and the contact is more reliable; the physical layer interface can be customized autonomously on the NC line, the pin functions can be added and deleted, and other software protocols can be customized on the NC line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a design method of a data interaction bus, in particular to a design method of a data interaction bus of a household appliance, and belongs to the technical field of communication.
Background
Smart home is the subject of the current IT era, and the interconnection of everything is also the trend. At present, wireless data transmission products such as ZigBee, Ble, WiFi and the like appear on the world, the data communication modes are various, and if the local parts of the products are too many, the problem of mutual interference among frequency band resources is caused, the problem of reduction of the data communication rate is caused, and the like; in addition, the peripheral module of the wireless household appliance has poor expansion capability, is rigid in design, and cannot be expanded or upgraded after leaving a factory.
Often times, user use and vendor testing are problematic:
(1) the electric appliance function of a user is single, peripheral equipment cannot be expanded, and the air conditioning function cannot be upgraded;
(2) the fault maintenance of the equipment of the manufacturer needs to be realized by disassembling the machine, and the process is complicated;
(3) the universality of the expansion and interconnection of the electric appliance modules is poor;
(4) and cannot be interconnected with other electrical appliances.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a design method of a data interaction bus of a household appliance. The bus specifies the level time sequence and the hardware port of data transmission of the electric appliance and the sensor, the electric appliance and the sensing equipment with the specification can be in cross-platform interconnection communication, and specifically comprises communication between the household appliance and communication between the household appliance and the sensor. The method is used for constructing the intelligent home interconnected communication system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a design method for a data interaction bus of a household appliance comprises a master device and a slave device, wherein a communication protocol of the data interaction bus of the household appliance occupies two pins of an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit), the two pins are named as AT (automatic transmission) and CD (compact disc) lines respectively, the whole communication process comprises a Q time sequence, an E time sequence, a W time sequence, a discrimination domain, a T time sequence, an R time sequence and a Y time sequence, and the time sequences are defined as follows:
and (3) Q sequence: when the CD line is 1, the Q time sequence is ended after the completion of one rising edge of the AT line;
e, time sequence: after the Q time sequence is ended, the CD line is pulled down by the slave equipment, then the AT line is pulled down, the bus master equipment is informed of receiving the Q time sequence, AT the moment, the E time sequence is ended, and the bus authority is given to the master equipment;
and W time sequence: the W time sequence comprises an ADRESS time sequence and a CMD time sequence with the same two sub time sequences, and after the E time sequence is ended, the main device pulls up the CD line and informs the bus that data or a write command is to be written at the moment;
and T time sequence: after the W time sequence is finished, the main equipment releases the AT line on the bus when the CD line is AT a high level, then releases the CD line, and AT the moment, the T time sequence is finished;
and R time sequence: after the T time sequence is ended, pulling down the CD line and the AT line, then releasing the bus control right, controlling the CD line to be in a low level by the slave equipment, sending data to the bus, and receiving by the master equipment if the master equipment is negative; after the data transmission is finished, the T time sequence at the moment is transmitted by the slave equipment;
and Y time sequence: after the data transmission of the slave equipment is completed, a falling edge operation is carried out on the AT line, and the bus is released.
Further, if a unit time interval is defined as a time domain, the data is discriminated on the discrimination domain according to the following method:
a. the high level of 1 time domain plus the low level of 3 time domains is data "1";
b. the high level of 1 time domain plus the low level of 1 time domain is data "0".
Further, the time domain is 0.327ms, and the allowable error is 0.00068 ms.
Further, the bus data transfer is finally followed by the CRC check bits.
Further, the check retransmission key of the check bits is generated by xor after data cyclic right shift, if the check results are the same, retransmission is not performed, and if the check results are different, retransmission is performed, and whether CRC is used is determined by the first bit of the address bits.
Further, the check length of the check bit is 8 bytes, and one byte located at the end of the data is cleared and not used.
Further, the check bits are corrected after data reception.
Furthermore, when the bus is idle, the AT line is connected to the pull-down resistor, the CD line is connected to the pull-up resistor, and when the data field is judged, the bus is not uniformly released.
Furthermore, the physical layer hardware of the household appliance data interaction bus comprises a female socket and a male head;
the female seat comprises a left end, a right end, an upper end and a lower end, GND power supplies are arranged on the left end and the right end, CD lines, USBD +, VCC, USBD-and AT lines are arranged AT the upper end, and the types of interfaces arranged AT the lower end are the same as those in the upper row and are in reverse order;
the male head comprises a left end, a right end, an upper end and a lower end, GND power supplies are arranged AT the left end and the right end, CD lines, USBD +, VCC, USBD-and AT lines are arranged AT the upper end, the type of the interface arranged AT the lower end is the same as that of the upper row, and the sequence is opposite.
Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end are also provided with reserved interfaces NC which can be used for expansion.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the household appliances provided with the universal interface can communicate through a private protocol determined by mutual negotiation; the electric appliances conforming to the private protocol can be interconnected and intercommunicated, the two air conditioners can mutually transmit data through the protocol, and after the two air conditioners are communicated through a cable, one of the air conditioners is controlled, and the other air conditioner synchronously acts.
(2) The circuit module which accords with the protocol and passes the authentication can be arranged on the household appliance to provide the expansibility for the household appliance, the traditional household appliance has no expansibility, the household appliance added with the bus has the expansibility, the peripheral circuit module can be expanded, if the interface is reserved, the invention can arrange the temperature display module, PM2.5 and other modules which pass the authentication to provide the expansibility for the household appliance.
(3) The household appliance maintenance can obtain the fault code through the private protocol based on the protocol, a disassembly-free machine data path is provided, the household appliance maintenance is completed through the upper computer without disassembling the machine, if the household appliance is in a fault, the fault data is reported to the upper computer through the bus, and the maintenance personnel can maintain through the fault code.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a data interaction bus design method for household appliances according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the female housing of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the male of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance, which relates to a software communication bus and a physical layer hardware protocol specification.
The software communication protocol occupies two pins of the MCU, which are named as AT and CD lines respectively. The whole communication process comprises a Q time sequence, an E time sequence, a W time sequence, a discrimination domain, a T time sequence, an R time sequence and a Y time sequence.
The bus timing is specified as follows (fig. 1):
1. the bus equipment has a master-slave division, the master equipment has the bus master authority, and the slave equipment does not have the authority;
2. the Q sequence is defined as follows: when the CD line is 1, the Q time sequence is ended after the completion of one rising edge of the AT line;
3. the E sequence is defined as follows: after the Q time sequence is ended, the CD line is pulled down by the slave equipment, then the AT line is pulled down, the bus master equipment is informed of receiving the Q time sequence, AT the moment, the E time sequence is ended, and the bus authority is given to the master equipment;
4. the W sequence is defined as follows: the W time sequence comprises an ADRESS time sequence and a CMD time sequence, but the two sub time sequence graphs are completely the same, after the E time sequence is ended, the main equipment pulls up a CD line and tells the bus that data or a write command is written at the moment;
5. the T sequence is defined as follows: after the W time sequence is finished, the main equipment releases the AT line on the bus when the CD line is AT a high level, and releases the CD line later, and the T time sequence is finished;
6. the R sequence is defined as follows: after the T time sequence is finished, pulling down the CD and the AT line, then releasing the bus control right, controlling the CD line to be in a low level by the slave equipment, sending data to the bus, and receiving by the master equipment;
after the data transmission is finished, the T time sequence at the moment is transmitted by the slave equipment;
in this embodiment, a voltage greater than 3.3V is selected to determine a high level, and vice versa a low level.
7. The Y sequence is defined as follows: after the data transmission of the slave equipment is finished, a falling edge operation is carried out on the AT line, and the bus is released;
8. the data fields are defined as follows: data discrimination is required on the bus, and the following rules are stipulated:
a. 1 high level of 0.32768ms +3 low levels of 0.32768ms are data "1";
b. 1 high level of 0.32768ms +1 low level of 0.32768ms is data "0";
wherein "0.327 ms" is only an example of the unit time domain, and the 1 time domain in the present invention is not limited to this example; similarly, "0.00068 ms" here is only an example of the tolerance, and the tolerance in the present invention is not limited to this example. It should be noted that, the embodiment selects to add the above-mentioned tolerance on the basis of the above-mentioned time domain, which is a preferred implementation scheme obtained by comprehensively considering the factors such as the accuracy of data transmission, the transmission speed, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all the specific values that can achieve the purpose of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
9. The CRC check bit is required to follow up at last in the bus data transmission, the check length is 8 bytes, the check retransmission secret key generator is in a symbol of '0 xce', the data is generated by XOR after cyclic right shift, the check bit is also corrected after the data is received, and retransmission can not be requested; the data checking function is optional;
10. when the bus is idle, the AT line needs to be connected with a pull-down resistor, the CD line needs to be connected with a pull-up resistor, when the data domain is judged, the tolerance error is 0.00068ms, and the bus is not released uniformly;
11. the above protocols may be generated by software simulation or may be generated by dedicated hardware.
The bus hardware is specified as follows:
the hardware is divided into a male head and a female seat;
the female seat is provided with chamfers at the periphery as shown in fig. 2, and the chamfers are round rectangles with 90 degrees.
GND power supplies are arranged on two sides of the female seat; the upper row is respectively a CD line, a USBD +, NC, VCC, NC, USBD-AT line; the lower row sequentially comprises an AT line, a USBD-, NC, VCC, NC, USBD + and a CD line from left to right; the GND power supply, the CD line, the USBD +, VCC, the USBD-and the AT line are interface types that are necessary to be selected, no special requirements are made on the position sequence, the NC represents null, the bus NC line can be expanded, and the NC is a reserved interface, that is, the present invention has no limitation on the position and the number of the NC line interface, the NC can be omitted completely, that is, the number of the NC can be zero, and the number of the NC can also be greater than 1, the NC is an interface for expanding other types, and is only defined by an NC symbol when reserved, and the interface can also be defined by other symbols, which is just a specific example of the embodiment; two USB lines provide USB connectivity, and the AT and CD lines are used for bus communications, which may be used to extend other data buses.
The male head is as shown in fig. 3, and two sides of the female seat are provided with GND power supplies; the upper row is respectively a CD line, a USBD +, NC, VCC, NC, USBD-AT line; the lower row sequentially comprises an AT line, a USBD-, NC, VCC, NC, USBD + and a CD line from left to right; the GND power supply, the CD line, the USBD +, the VCC, the USBD-and the AT line are of interface types which are required to be selected, no special requirements are made on the position sequence, the NC stands for null, the bus NC line can be expanded, and the NC is a reserved interface, namely, the position and the number of the NC line interface are not limited, and the method is only a specific example of the embodiment; the two USB lines provide USB connection, the AT line and the CD line are used for bus communication, and the NC is a reserved interface and can be used for expanding other data buses; the type and position of the male connector interface needs to be matched with the female connector interface.
The appearance of the male connector and the female connector can be modified aiming at different electrical appliances, but the two plug-in units need to be modified in a matched manner;
based on the design method of the data interaction bus of the household appliance, a developer can use the protocol to customize an application layer protocol independently; the physical layer pin interface may be tailored.
In summary, the method for designing the data interaction bus of the household appliance uses the double verification of the time sequence control and the time domain discrimination technology, and is more reliable compared with the traditional interface; CRC can be added or not by self, and is more humanized than the traditional protocol, for example, the CRC can be used under the condition of severe environment, the anti-interference capability is stronger, the CRC is forbidden under the condition of better environment, and the utilization rate of the bus is improved; the hardware and electrical interface equipment conforming to the protocol can obtain a power supply at least on the interface, and the power supply is inserted into a non-separated direction, so that compared with the traditional interface, the power supply has a plurality of contacts, and the contact is more reliable; the physical layer interface can be independently customized on an NC line, the functions of adding and deleting pins can be realized, other software protocols can be customized on the NC line, and the traditional bus has no function.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of a data interaction bus of a household appliance is provided, wherein the bus is connected with a master device and a slave device, and the design method is characterized in that: the communication protocol of the household appliance data interaction bus occupies two pins of the MCU, which are named as an AT line and a CD line respectively, the whole communication process comprises a Q time sequence, an E time sequence, a W time sequence, a discrimination domain, a T time sequence, an R time sequence and a Y time sequence, and the time sequences are defined as follows:
and (3) Q sequence: when the CD line is 1, the Q time sequence is ended after the completion of one rising edge of the AT line;
e, time sequence: after the Q time sequence is ended, the CD line is pulled down by the slave equipment, then the AT line is pulled down, the master equipment is informed of receiving the Q time sequence, AT the moment, the E time sequence is ended, and the bus control right is given to the master equipment;
and W time sequence: the W time sequence comprises an ADRESS time sequence and a CMD time sequence with the same two sub time sequences, and after the E time sequence is ended, the main device pulls up the CD line and informs the bus that data or a write command is to be written at the moment;
and T time sequence: after the W time sequence is finished, the main equipment releases the AT line on the bus when the CD line is AT a high level, then releases the CD line, and AT the moment, the T time sequence is finished;
and R time sequence: after the T time sequence is ended, the CD line and the AT line are pulled down by the master device, then the bus control right is released, the CD line is controlled to be in a low level by the slave device, data are sent to the bus, and the master device is responsible for receiving the data; after the data transmission is finished, the T time sequence at the moment is transmitted by the slave equipment;
and Y time sequence: after the data transmission of the slave equipment is completed, a falling edge operation is carried out on the AT line, and the bus is released.
2. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 1, wherein: defining a unit time interval as a time domain, and performing data discrimination on the discrimination domain according to the following method:
a. the high level of 1 time domain plus the low level of 3 time domains is data "1";
b. the high level of 1 time domain plus the low level of 1 time domain is data "0".
3. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 2, wherein: the time domain is 0.327ms and the allowable error is 0.00068 ms.
4. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 1, wherein: the bus data transfer is finally followed by CRC check bits.
5. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 4, wherein: and the check retransmission secret key of the check bit is generated by XOR after data circulation right shift, if the check results are the same, retransmission is not carried out, and if the check results are different, retransmission is carried out, and whether CRC is used or not is determined by the first bit of the address bit.
6. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 4, wherein: the check length of the check bit is 8 bytes, and one byte at the end of the data is reserved in a zero clearing mode and is not used.
7. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 5, wherein: and after receiving the data, correcting the check bit.
8. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 1, wherein: when the bus is idle, the AT line is connected with the pull-down resistor, the CD line is connected with the pull-up resistor, and when the data is judged in the judgment domain, the bus is not uniformly released.
9. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 1, wherein: the physical layer hardware of the household appliance data interaction bus comprises a female socket and a male head;
the female seat comprises a left end, a right end, an upper end and a lower end, GND power supplies are arranged on the left end and the right end, CD lines, USBD +, VCC, USBD-and AT lines are arranged AT the upper end, and the types of interfaces arranged AT the lower end are the same as those in the upper row and are in reverse order;
the male head comprises a left end, a right end, an upper end and a lower end, GND power supplies are arranged AT the left end and the right end, CD lines, USBD +, VCC, USBD-and AT lines are arranged AT the upper end, the type of the interface arranged AT the lower end is the same as that of the upper row, and the sequence is opposite.
10. The method for designing a data interaction bus of a household appliance according to claim 9, wherein: and reserved interfaces NC which can be used for expansion are also arranged at the upper end and the lower end.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102801744A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-11-28 | 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 | Communication bus protocol and system comprising same |
| CN106528483A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-22 | 北京爱其科技有限公司 | Data communication protocol structure and method |
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| US20090089473A1 (en) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-02 | Wangping He | Data transmission system and method thereof |
| CN101894584B (en) * | 2010-06-12 | 2013-01-16 | 苏州国芯科技有限公司 | Implementation method for timing parameters of read-write mode signals of dynamic random access memory |
| CN103595717B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2017-02-08 | 海信集团有限公司 | Household appliance control protocol conversion method and control terminal |
| CN105760327B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2019-09-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十二研究所 | Internal bus of aerospace electronic product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102801744A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-11-28 | 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 | Communication bus protocol and system comprising same |
| CN106528483A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-03-22 | 北京爱其科技有限公司 | Data communication protocol structure and method |
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