CN1088448C - 一种烟草专用复混肥料的制造方法 - Google Patents
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- OAWYXVQGMRJNOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[NH3+].[N+](=O)([O-])[NH3+].[N+](=O)([O-])[NH3+] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[NH3+].[N+](=O)([O-])[NH3+].[N+](=O)([O-])[NH3+] OAWYXVQGMRJNOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种烟草专用复混肥料的制造方法。它是将多种肥料原料、永磁铁氧体磁性载体粉末及防治病虫害的物质分二次粉碎、团粒法造粒形成以尿素为核心的包覆型高浓度复混肥颗粒，并经强磁场处理使之具有0.25～0.40mT的剩余磁感应强度及(0.8～1.4)×104A/m的矫顽力。这种复混肥料养分利用率提高，使烟草品质改善，产量增加。
Description
木发明提供一种肥料的制造方法，特别是涉及一种烟草专用复混肥料的制造方法。
烟草现在施用的肥料，养分特别是氮素养分溶淋损失较大，养分释放过程与烟草生长协调性较差，利用率较低，且功能单一。
本发明的目的是制造一种烟草专用复混肥，这是一种包覆型、有磁性、含有多种营养元素、高浓度的烟草专用肥，施用后可提高烟叶产量、改善品质，并有增加作物抗逆性及改良土壤的功能。
本发明的目的是通过下列技术措施实现的。
所用原料物质包括肥料、磁性载体及具有防治病虫害能力的物质，其组成为含N≥46％的尿素8～10％，含N≥20％的硫酸铵4～5％，含N≥18％、含P2O5≥46％的磷酸二铵13～18％，含P2O5≥14％的过磷酸钙10～12％，含P2O5≥14％钙镁磷肥1.5～2.5％，含N≥20％、含P2O5≥20％的硝酸磷肥9～11％，含N≥23％、含P2O5≥23％的硝基磷酸铵5～6％，含K2O≥60％的氯化钾4～6％，含K2O≥49％的硫酸钾26～31％，含有机质60～75％的有机肥料泥炭6～8％，含B≥11％的硼砂0.1～0.2％，含锰≥26％的硫酸锰0.2～0.3％，含锌≥23％的硫酸锌0.8～1.0％，硝酸轻稀土混合物0.1～0.2％，乙酰甲胺磷25％粉剂0.1～0.2％，具有剩余磁感应强度Br≥0.3T、矫顽力Hc≥1.3×105A/M、粒度小于0.05mm的永磁铁氧体粉末0.3～0.5％。各种原料均为固态，其含水量不超过有关标准的规定。所加入的硫酸锌、硫酸锰不仅是烟草所需的微量元素，它们与硝酸稀土及农药乙酰甲胺磷一起对防治烟草病虫害起作用。
按配比称量的原料中，作为造粒核心的氮素原料尿素经片式粉碎机破碎至粒度0.5～2.0mm，其余原料则被粉碎至粒度0.5mm以下。经混匀的原料在转盘式或转鼓式造粒机中采用团粒法成球造粒，控制物料含水量13～15％，形成基本上以尿素为核心的包覆型肥料颗粒。产品包装前在磁化处理装置中经强度为(5.0～10.0)×105A/M的磁场处理0.1～3秒，使磁性载体被饱和充磁，使产品具有0.25～0.40mT的剩余磁感应强度及(0.8～1.4)×104A/M的矫顽力。这种多元素包覆型复混肥养分释放速率与烟叶生长需要比较协调，而剩磁性能又进一步提高肥料利用率并改良土壤。
实施例：制造1吨烟草专用肥，各种原料物质用量为尿素90kg，硫酸铵45kg，磷酸二铵150kg，过磷酸钙100kg，钙镁磷肥20kg，硝酸磷肥100kg，硝基磷酸铵55kg，氯化钾50kg，硫酸钾300kg，低位泥炭70kg，硼砂1kg，硫酸锰3kg，七水硫酸锌9kg，硝酸轻稀土混合物1.5kg，25％乙酰甲胺磷粉剂1.5kg，永磁铁氧体粉末4kg。铁氧体粉末剩余磁感应强度Br＝0.32T，矫顽力Hc＝1.6×105A/M，粒度0.03mm，配料中氮、磷、钾总量为40％。
尿素作为造粒核心在片式粉碎机中破碎成0.5～2.0mm的颗粒，其余原料另外粉碎至粒度0.5mm以下。用团粒法造粒时控制物料湿度含水14％，形成的Φ1～Φ4.75mm包覆型颗粒肥料中95％以尿素为核心。在磁场强度为6.2×105A/M的磁化处理装置中处理1秒，肥料的剩余磁感应强度为0.30mT，矫顽力为1.1×104A/M。将这种肥料每亩20kg作底肥沟施，每亩15kg作烟苗移栽时的穴肥，在烟草的全生长期不再追肥。与采用同样方法施用等量的浓度为45％，氮、磷、钾比例为1∶1∶2的复合肥相比，使用这种烟草专用肥烟株根系发达，单叶重增加11％，适时落黄，提前5天成熟，烟草花叶病减少50％，赤星病减少28％，经烘烤后上等烟比例增加23％，吸味品质提高，亩产达到218kg，比对照增产13％，且耐贮存。
Claims (2)
1.一种烟草专用复混肥料的制造方法，其特征在于原料物质组成为含N≥46％的尿素8～10％，含N≥20％的硫酸铵4～5％，含N≥18％、含P2O5≥46％的磷酸二铵13～18％，含P2O5≥14％的过磷酸钙10～12％，含P2O5≥14％的钙镁磷肥1.5～2.5％，含N≥20％、含P2O5≥20％的硝酸磷肥9～11％，含N≥23、含P2O5≥23％的硝基磷酸铵5～6％，含K2O≥60％的氯化钾4～6％，含K2O≥49％的硫酸钾26～31％，含有机质60～75％的泥炭6～8％，含Zn≥23％的硫酸锌0.8～1.0％，含Mn≥26％的硫酸锰0.2～0.3％，含B≥11％的硼砂、硝酸轻稀土混合物及25％乙酰甲胺磷粉剂各0.1～0.2％，含剩磁Br≥0.3T、矫顽力Hc≥1.3×105A/M、粒度小于0.05mm的永磁铁氧体粉末0.3～0.5％；原料分两部分分别粉碎，作为造粒核心的氮素肥料尿素单独被破碎至粒度0.5～2.0mm，其他原料物质则粉碎至粒度小于0.5mm，经团粒法造粒形成其他原料物质包覆尿素的颗粒，并经强度为(5.0～10.0)×105A/M的磁场处理0.1～3秒。
2.如权利要求1所述的烟草专用复混肥的制造方法，其特征在于产品的剩余磁感应强度为0.25～0.4mT，矫顽力为(0.8～1.4)×104A/M。
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| CN103524193B (zh) * | 2013-02-22 | 2015-02-04 | 杨栓明 | 一种用硫酸钾完全代替硝酸钾的全元素烟草专用肥 |
| UA107646C2 (uk) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-26 | Спосіб отримання мінерального добрива | |
| CN105461402A (zh) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-06 | 云南省师宗大同磷化工厂 | 一种烤烟专用底肥及其生产方法 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041150A (zh) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-04-11 | 云南师范大学 | 用于烤烟种植的膨胀珍珠岩混合肥料 |
| CN1061212A (zh) * | 1991-12-11 | 1992-05-20 | 李树礼 | 烟草专用叶面肥 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041150A (zh) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-04-11 | 云南师范大学 | 用于烤烟种植的膨胀珍珠岩混合肥料 |
| CN1061212A (zh) * | 1991-12-11 | 1992-05-20 | 李树礼 | 烟草专用叶面肥 |
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