CN108844054A - A kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit and heat recovery technique - Google Patents
A kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit and heat recovery technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108844054A CN108844054A CN201810905369.5A CN201810905369A CN108844054A CN 108844054 A CN108844054 A CN 108844054A CN 201810905369 A CN201810905369 A CN 201810905369A CN 108844054 A CN108844054 A CN 108844054A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
- C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
- C01C1/0417—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst characterised by the synthesis reactor, e.g. arrangement of catalyst beds and heat exchangers in the reactor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit and heat recovery techniques；Including ammonia convertor, the synthesis gas pipeline of the ammonia convertor is connected by the import of waste heat boiler tube side, the first outlet of waste heat boiler tube side and the tube side of feedwater preheater and the import of heat exchanger, and the second outlet of waste heat boiler tube side is connected by resistance balance device with the import of heat exchanger；The shell side import of the feedwater preheater is connected with desalted water pipeline, and the shell-side outlet of feedwater preheater is connected with the water supplement port of drum, and the air inlet and water return outlet of drum are connected with waste heat boiler shell side respectively, and the top of drum is connected with steam pipe network；Stress reduction device is equipped in the feedwater preheater；, technical flow design simple with structure rationally, heat-exchanger rig can be realized resistance balance and stress reduction effect, and the advantages of byproduct steam amount can be increased and synthesize hydrazine yield and realization device safe and stable operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ammonia Production technical fields, and in particular to a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit and heat
Recovery process.
Background technique
In synthesis ammonia system production process, synthesis ammonia production capacity is determined by factors such as compressor tolerance, synthetic tower conversion ratios；
In synthetic tower operation, since synthetic reaction heat can not be fully removed, cause temperature in tower excessively high, so that hot in synthetic tower
Amount accumulation, limits the conversion ratio of synthesis ammonia, is unfavorable for synthesizing effective promotion of hydrazine yield.Currently, the mode mainly taken is
By increasing internal circulating load, increase cold shock tolerance and adjust synthetic tower temperature, through the above way solves that there is following problems：
(1) synthetic tower bottom heat can not remove, and still exchange in system, cause synthetic tower temperature high, and byproduct steam is few etc.
Problem；2) the full tower resistance drop of synthetic tower is big, and especially each internal exchanger shell-side resistance is big, and synthesis loop total energy consumption is high；(3) in tower
Bed efficiency is lower, and whole ammonia net value can not be substantially improved；(4) ammonia converter internals are the pattern with bottom heat exchanger and heat exchange
Ability is larger, so that synthetic tower reaction heat enters tower again, it is suppressed that the progress of entire synthetic reaction, and synthesis loop is caused to return
The heat of receipts is less, and energy consumption is high；(5) synthetic tower heat recovery efficiency is low, and synthetic tower ammonia net value is also relatively low, is unfavorable for production
Safe and stable operation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides that a kind of structure is simple, technical flow design is closed
Reason, heat-exchanger rig can be realized resistance balance and stress reduction effect, and can increase byproduct steam amount and synthesis hydrazine yield
With the synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit and heat recovery technique of realization device safe and stable operation.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：The recyclable device includes ammonia convertor, the synthesis gas of the ammonia convertor
Pipeline passes through the import of waste heat boiler tube side, the first outlet of waste heat boiler tube side and the tube side of feedwater preheater and heat exchanger
Import be connected, the second outlet of waste heat boiler tube side is connected by resistance balance device with the import of heat exchanger；The boiler
The shell side import of feed water preheater is connected with desalted water pipeline, the water supplement port phase of the shell-side outlet and drum of feedwater preheater
Even, the air inlet and water return outlet of drum are connected with waste heat boiler shell side respectively, and the top of drum is connected with steam pipe network；The pot
Stress reduction device is equipped in furnace feed water preheater.
Preferably, the resistance balance device includes restriction orifice, and restriction orifice is located between two adjacent pipelines, phase
It is respectively equipped with high pressure flange between adjacent pipeline, restriction orifice, the spiral shell between two high pressure flanges are installed between high pressure flange
High-pressure bolt is coated in pit；Restriction orifice is high pressure lens board, offers hole in the middle part of high pressure lens board, hole includes two sides
Metering hole and middle part balancing orifice, the diameter of metering hole is greater than the diameter of balancing orifice.
Preferably, the diameter of the metering hole is 272mm, and the diameter of balancing orifice is 202.64mm.
Preferably, the stress reduction device includes support column, and the top of support column is equipped with ear mount and supports backing plate, ear mount branch
Stake pad plate is connected by variable force spring fastening with the ear mount being arranged on the excircle of feedwater preheater middle and lower part, ear mount support
Channel steel limited block is installed on backing plate.
Preferably, the stress reduction device is several, several stress reduction devices are distributed in boiler feedwater preheating
On the excircle of device.
Preferably, the stress reduction device is four.
Preferably, the channel steel limited block is three, and the outside, left side and right side of variable force spring fastening is arranged in.
Preferably, the distance between outside of the channel steel limited block and variable force spring fastening is 30mm, channel steel limited block
The distance between left side of variable force spring fastening is 20mm, the distance between the right side of channel steel limited block and variable force spring fastening
For 20mm.
Preferably, shut-off valve is equipped between the shell side import and desalted water pipeline of the feedwater preheater, boiler is given
Liquid level of steam drum regulating valve is equipped between the shell-side outlet of water preheater and the water supplement port of drum；The top of drum and steam pipe network it
Between be equipped with steam pressure regulating valve, be equipped with and go into operation steam stop between steam pipe network and waste heat boiler shell side.
A kind of heat recovery technique of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Before ammonia convertor system is driven, the steam stop that goes into operation fills into steam into waste heat boiler shell side,
Preheat waste heat boiler；
Step 2：After preheating heating coil, shut-off valve and liquid level of steam drum regulating valve are opened, the liquid level in drum is reached
2/5~3/5, feedwater preheater shell side is interior to be full of desalted water, is then shut off shut-off valve；The pressure of desalted water is 6.0MPa；
Step 3：Ammonia convertor gradually starts according to operating instruction, when steam pressure reaches 2.5MPa in drum, opens
Steam pressure regulating valve starts to convey steam to steam pipe network；
Step 4：After ammonia convertor operates normally, ammonia convertor reacts synthesis gas obtained, enters waste heat boiler by pipeline
In the tube side of furnace, and exchange heat with the desalted water in waste heat boiler shell side；The temperature of the synthesis gas is：310~320 DEG C, pressure
Power is：10~12MPa；
Step 5：Synthesis gas after heat exchange pass through respectively waste heat boiler tube side first outlet and waste heat boiler tube side
Two outlet discharges；Synthesis gas by the first outlet of waste heat boiler tube side enter in the tube side of feedwater preheater with boiler to
Desalted water in water preheater shell side exchanges heat, and enters in heat exchanger after heat exchange and carries out subsequent heat exchange；The waste heat boiler boiler tube
The first outlet synthesis gas temperature of journey is：235~240 DEG C, the synthesis gas temperature into heat exchanger is：220~226 DEG C；It is described
Stress reduction device is equipped in feedwater preheater, on feedwater preheater can have under the action of variable force spring fastening
The surplus of lower movement, the distance that channel steel limited block limitation variable force spring fastening moves outward are no more than 30mm, channel steel limited block
It limits variable force spring fastening to the left and the distance of right side movement is no more than 20mm；
Step 6：Synthesis gas in the second outlet of waste heat boiler tube side described in step 5 subtracts by resistance balance device
After pressure, subsequent heat exchange is carried out into heat exchanger；The tolerance of synthesis gas and waste heat boiler boiler tube in the second outlet of waste heat boiler tube side
The tolerance of synthesis gas is identical in the first outlet of journey.
With structure, simple, technical flow design is rationally, heat-exchanger rig can be realized resistance balance and stress disappears by the present invention
The advantages of subtracting effect, and byproduct steam amount and synthesis hydrazine yield and realization device safe and stable operation can be increased.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of stress reduction device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of stress reduction device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of resistance balance device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of restriction orifice of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For a clearer understanding of the technical characteristics, objects and effects of the present invention, this hair of Detailed description of the invention is now compareed
Bright specific embodiment, identical label indicates identical component in the various figures.To make simplified form, in each figure only schematically
Ground indicates part relevant to invention, they do not represent its practical structures as product.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4,5, the present invention be a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit and heat recovery technique,
Device includes that recyclable device includes ammonia convertor 1, the synthesis gas pipeline of the ammonia convertor 1 by 2 tube side import of waste heat boiler,
The first outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler and the tube side of feedwater preheater 4 are connected with the import of heat exchanger 11, waste heat boiler 2
The second outlet of tube side is connected by resistance balance device 10 with the import of heat exchanger 11；The shell of the feedwater preheater 4
Journey import is connected with desalted water pipeline 13, and the shell-side outlet of feedwater preheater 4 is connected with the water supplement port of drum 3, drum 3
Air inlet and water return outlet are connected with 2 shell side of waste heat boiler respectively, and the top of drum 3 is connected with steam pipe network 14；The boiler is given
Stress reduction device 7 is equipped in water preheater 4.The resistance balance device 10 includes restriction orifice 15, and restriction orifice 15 is located at
Between two adjacent pipelines, it is respectively equipped with high pressure flange 16 between adjacent pipeline, current limiting is installed between high pressure flange 16
Orifice plate 15 is coated with high-pressure bolt 17 in the threaded hole between two high pressure flanges 16；Restriction orifice 15 is high pressure lens board, high
Hole is offered in the middle part of applanation lens plate, hole includes the metering hole 18 of two sides and the balancing orifice 19 at middle part, the diameter of metering hole 18
Greater than the diameter of balancing orifice 19.The diameter of the metering hole 18 is 272mm, and the diameter of balancing orifice 19 is 202.64mm.It is described to answer
Power abatement device 7 includes support column 23, and the top of support column 23 is equipped with ear mount and supports backing plate 22, and ear mount support backing plate 22 passes through change
Power spring fastening 21 is connected with the ear mount 20 being arranged on 4 middle and lower part excircle of feedwater preheater, and ear mount supports backing plate 22
On channel steel limited block 12 is installed.The stress reduction device 7 is several, several stress reduction devices 7 are distributed in boiler
On the excircle of feed water preheater 4.The stress reduction device 7 is four.The channel steel limited block 12 is three, and setting exists
Outside, left side and the right side of variable force spring fastening 21.Between the channel steel limited block 12 and the outside of variable force spring fastening 21
Distance be 30mm, the distance between left side of channel steel limited block 12 and variable force spring fastening 21 is 20mm, channel steel limited block 12
The distance between right side of variable force spring fastening 21 is 20mm.The shell side import of the feedwater preheater 4 and desalted water
It is equipped with shut-off valve 5 between pipeline 13, drum liquid is equipped between the shell-side outlet of feedwater preheater 4 and the water supplement port of drum 3
Position regulating valve 6；Steam pressure regulating valve 8, steam pipe network 14 and waste heat boiler are equipped between the top and steam pipe network 14 of drum 3
The steam stop 9 that goes into operation is equipped between 2 shell sides.
A kind of heat recovery technique of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Before 1 system of ammonia convertor is driven, the steam stop 9 that goes into operation fills into steaming into 2 shell side of waste heat boiler
Vapour preheats waste heat boiler 2；
Step 2：After preheating heating coil, shut-off valve 5 and liquid level of steam drum regulating valve 6 are opened, the liquid level in drum 3 is made
Reach 2/5~3/5, is full of desalted water in 4 shell side of feedwater preheater, is then shut off shut-off valve 5；The pressure of desalted water is
6.0MPa；
Step 3：Ammonia convertor 1 gradually starts according to operating instruction, when steam pressure reaches 2.5MPa in drum 3, beats
Steam pressure regulating valve 8 is opened to start to convey steam to steam pipe network 14；
Step 4：After ammonia convertor 1 operates normally, ammonia convertor 1 reacts synthesis gas obtained, enters waste heat by pipeline
In the tube side of boiler 2, and exchange heat with the desalted water in 2 shell side of waste heat boiler；The temperature of the synthesis gas is：310~320
DEG C, pressure is：10~12MPa；
Step 5：Synthesis gas after heat exchange passes through 2 tube side of first outlet and waste heat boiler of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler respectively
Second outlet discharge；Synthesis gas is entered in the tube side of feedwater preheater 4 by the first outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler and pot
Desalted water in 4 shell side of furnace feed water preheater exchanges heat, and enters in heat exchanger 11 after heat exchange and carries out subsequent heat exchange；The waste heat
The first outlet synthesis gas temperature of 2 tube side of boiler is：235~240 DEG C, the synthesis gas temperature into heat exchanger 11 is：220~
226℃；Stress reduction device 7 is equipped in the feedwater preheater 4, feedwater preheater 4 is in variable force spring fastening 21
Under the action of can have a surplus moved up and down, channel steel limited block 12 limits distance that variable force spring fastening 21 moves outward not
More than 30mm, channel steel limited block 12 limits variable force spring fastening 21 to the left and the distance of right side movement is no more than 20mm：
Step 6：Synthesis gas in the second outlet of the tube side of waste heat boiler 2 described in step 5 passes through resistance balance device
After 10 decompressions, subsequent heat exchange is carried out into heat exchanger 11；The tolerance and waste heat of synthesis gas in the second outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler
The tolerance of synthesis gas is identical in the first outlet of 2 tube side of boiler.
Heretofore described stress reduction device includes four support columns 23, and support column 23 is DN300 round steel pipe branch
The ear mount support backing plate 22 of dagger, 23 top of support column is 600 × 600mm quadrate support backing plate, and ear mount supports the top of backing plate 22
Portion is welded with variable force spring fastening 21, and the present apparatus allows to generate displacement in vertical direction, except other directions of vertical direction only have
The displacement of 20mm-30mm can guarantee equipment safety stable operation；In pipeline operational process, high temperature and pressure synthesis gas is logical
When piping, stress and torque can be generated to 4 gas inlet and outlet nozzle of feedwater preheater, be required according to heat exchanger nozzle, pipe
Mouth stress and torque should not exceed 60000N, and the stress reduction device passes through the ear mount support in feedwater preheater 4
Increase variable force spring fastening 21 and channel steel limited block 12 on backing plate 22, equipment is allowed to generate micro-displacement, increases piping flexibility, protect
Card nozzle stress and torque reach requirement；It include restriction orifice 15, restriction orifice in heretofore described resistance balance device
15 main function is that increase accounts for the running resistance of the gas of total tolerance 50% in the duct, goes out waste heat boiler 2 in guarantee system
Two-way synthesis gas tolerance it is equal, there is not Biased flow phenomenon, by setting metering hole and balancing orifice, make through airflow channel
The resistance for increasing the road synthesis gas is reduced, realizes the balance of tolerance.
For the more detailed explanation present invention, the present invention is further elaborated now in conjunction with embodiment.Specific embodiment
It is as follows：
Embodiment one
A kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, including recyclable device include ammonia convertor 1, the ammonia convertor 1
Synthesis gas pipeline passes through 2 tube side import of waste heat boiler, the first outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler and the pipe of feedwater preheater 4
Journey is connected with the import of heat exchanger 11, and the second outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler passes through resistance balance device 10 and heat exchanger 11
Import is connected；The shell side import of the feedwater preheater 4 is connected with desalted water pipeline 13, the shell of feedwater preheater 4
Journey outlet is connected with the water supplement port of drum 3, and the air inlet and water return outlet of drum 3 are connected with 2 shell side of waste heat boiler respectively, drum 3
Top be connected with steam pipe network 14；Stress reduction device 7 is equipped in the feedwater preheater 4.The resistance balance dress
Setting 10 includes restriction orifice 15, and restriction orifice 15 is located between two adjacent pipelines, is respectively equipped with height between adjacent pipeline
Pressure flange 16 is equipped with restriction orifice 15 between high pressure flange 16, is coated with height in the threaded hole between two high pressure flanges 16
Press bolt 17；Restriction orifice 15 is high pressure lens board, offers hole in the middle part of high pressure lens board, hole includes the metering hole 18 of two sides
And the balancing orifice 19 at middle part, the diameter of metering hole 18 are greater than the diameter of balancing orifice 19.The diameter of the metering hole 18 is
272mm, the diameter of balancing orifice 19 are 202.64mm.The stress reduction device 7 includes support column 23, and the top of support column 23 is set
There is ear mount to support backing plate 22, ear mount supports backing plate 22 by variable force spring fastening 21 and under being arranged in feedwater preheater 4
Ear mount 20 on portion's excircle is connected, and is equipped with channel steel limited block 12 on ear mount support backing plate 22.The stress reduction device 7 is
Several, several stress reduction devices 7 are distributed on the excircle of feedwater preheater 4.The stress reduction device 7 is
Four.The channel steel limited block 12 is three, and the outside, left side and right side of variable force spring fastening 21 is arranged in.The slot
The distance between outside of steel limited block 12 and variable force spring fastening 21 is 30mm, channel steel limited block 12 and variable force spring fastening 21
The distance between left side be 20mm, the distance between channel steel limited block 12 and the right side of variable force spring fastening 21 are 20mm.Institute
It states and is equipped with shut-off valve 5, the shell of feedwater preheater 4 between the shell side import of feedwater preheater 4 and desalted water pipeline 13
Liquid level of steam drum regulating valve 6 is equipped between journey outlet and the water supplement port of drum 3；It is equipped between the top and steam pipe network 14 of drum 3
Steam pressure regulating valve 8 is equipped with the steam stop 9 that goes into operation between 2 shell side of steam pipe network 14 and waste heat boiler.
A kind of heat recovery technique of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Before 1 system of ammonia convertor is driven, the steam stop 9 that goes into operation fills into steaming into 2 shell side of waste heat boiler
Vapour preheats waste heat boiler 2；
Step 2：After preheating heating coil, shut-off valve 5 and liquid level of steam drum regulating valve 6 are opened, the liquid level in drum 3 is made
Reach 3/5, is full of desalted water in 4 shell side of feedwater preheater, is then shut off shut-off valve 5；The pressure of desalted water is 6.0MPa；
Step 3：Ammonia convertor 1 gradually starts according to operating instruction, when steam pressure reaches 2.5MPa in drum 3, beats
Steam pressure regulating valve 8 is opened to start to convey steam to steam pipe network 14；
Step 4：After ammonia convertor 1 operates normally, ammonia convertor 1 reacts synthesis gas obtained, enters waste heat by pipeline
In the tube side of boiler 2, and exchange heat with the desalted water in 2 shell side of waste heat boiler；The temperature of the synthesis gas is：310~320
DEG C, pressure is：10~12MPa；
Step 5：Synthesis gas after heat exchange passes through 2 tube side of first outlet and waste heat boiler of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler respectively
Second outlet discharge；Synthesis gas is entered in the tube side of feedwater preheater 4 by the first outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler and pot
Desalted water in 4 shell side of furnace feed water preheater exchanges heat, and enters in heat exchanger 11 after heat exchange and carries out subsequent heat exchange；The waste heat
The first outlet synthesis gas temperature of 2 tube side of boiler is：235~240 DEG C, the synthesis gas temperature into heat exchanger 11 is：220~
226℃；Stress reduction device 7 is equipped in the feedwater preheater 4, feedwater preheater 4 is in variable force spring fastening 21
Under the action of can have a surplus moved up and down, channel steel limited block 12 limits distance that variable force spring fastening 21 moves outward not
More than 30mm, channel steel limited block 12 limits variable force spring fastening 21 to the left and the distance of right side movement is no more than 20mm；
Step 6：Synthesis gas in the second outlet of the tube side of waste heat boiler 2 described in step 5 passes through resistance balance device
After 10 decompressions, subsequent heat exchange is carried out into heat exchanger 11；The tolerance and waste heat of synthesis gas in the second outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler
The tolerance of synthesis gas is identical in the first outlet of 2 tube side of boiler.
Embodiment two
A kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, including recyclable device include ammonia convertor 1, the ammonia convertor 1
Synthesis gas pipeline passes through 2 tube side import of waste heat boiler, the first outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler and the pipe of feedwater preheater 4
Journey is connected with the import of heat exchanger 11, and the second outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler passes through resistance balance device 10 and heat exchanger 11
Import is connected；The shell side import of the feedwater preheater 4 is connected with desalted water pipeline 13, the shell of feedwater preheater 4
Journey outlet is connected with the water supplement port of drum 3, and the air inlet and water return outlet of drum 3 are connected with 2 shell side of waste heat boiler respectively, drum 3
Top be connected with steam pipe network 14；Stress reduction device 7 is equipped in the feedwater preheater 4.The resistance balance dress
Setting 10 includes restriction orifice 15, and restriction orifice 15 is located between two adjacent pipelines, is respectively equipped with height between adjacent pipeline
Pressure flange 16 is equipped with restriction orifice 15 between high pressure flange 16, is coated with height in the threaded hole between two high pressure flanges 16
Press bolt 17；Restriction orifice 15 is high pressure lens board, offers hole in the middle part of high pressure lens board, hole includes the metering hole 18 of two sides
And the balancing orifice 19 at middle part, the diameter of metering hole 18 are greater than the diameter of balancing orifice 19.The stress reduction device 7 includes support
Column 23, the top of support column 23 are equipped with ear mount and support backing plate 22, and ear mount supports backing plate 22 to pass through variable force spring fastening 21 and setting
Ear mount 20 on 4 middle and lower part excircle of feedwater preheater is connected, and is equipped with channel steel limited block on ear mount support backing plate 22
12.The stress reduction device 7 is several, several stress reduction devices 7 are distributed in the excircle of feedwater preheater 4
On.Shut-off valve 5, feedwater preheater 4 are equipped between the shell side import and desalted water pipeline 13 of the feedwater preheater 4
Shell-side outlet and drum 3 water supplement port between be equipped with liquid level of steam drum regulating valve 6；Between the top and steam pipe network 14 of drum 3
Equipped with steam pressure regulating valve 8, the steam stop 9 that goes into operation is equipped between 2 shell side of steam pipe network 14 and waste heat boiler.
A kind of heat recovery technique of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Before 1 system of ammonia convertor is driven, the steam stop 9 that goes into operation fills into steaming into 2 shell side of waste heat boiler
Vapour preheats waste heat boiler 2；
Step 2：After preheating heating coil, shut-off valve 5 and liquid level of steam drum regulating valve 6 are opened, the liquid level in drum 3 is made
Reach 2/5, is full of desalted water in 4 shell side of feedwater preheater, is then shut off shut-off valve 5；The pressure of desalted water is 6.0MPa；
Step 3：Ammonia convertor 1 gradually starts according to operating instruction, when steam pressure reaches 2.5MPa in drum 3, beats
Steam pressure regulating valve 8 is opened to start to convey steam to steam pipe network 14；
Step 4：After ammonia convertor 1 operates normally, ammonia convertor 1 reacts synthesis gas obtained, enters waste heat by pipeline
In the tube side of boiler 2, and exchange heat with the desalted water in 2 shell side of waste heat boiler；The temperature of the synthesis gas is：310~320
DEG C, pressure is：10~12MPa；
Step 5：Synthesis gas after heat exchange passes through 2 tube side of first outlet and waste heat boiler of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler respectively
Second outlet discharge；Synthesis gas is entered in the tube side of feedwater preheater 4 by the first outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler and pot
Desalted water in 4 shell side of furnace feed water preheater exchanges heat, and enters in heat exchanger 11 after heat exchange and carries out subsequent heat exchange；The waste heat
The first outlet synthesis gas temperature of 2 tube side of boiler is：235~240 DEG C, the synthesis gas temperature into heat exchanger 11 is：220~
226℃；Stress reduction device 7 is equipped in the feedwater preheater 4, feedwater preheater 4 is in variable force spring fastening 21
Under the action of can have the surplus moved up and down；
Step 6：Synthesis gas in the second outlet of the tube side of waste heat boiler 2 described in step 5 passes through resistance balance device
After 10 decompressions, subsequent heat exchange is carried out into heat exchanger 11；The tolerance and waste heat of synthesis gas in the second outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler
The tolerance of synthesis gas is identical in the first outlet of 2 tube side of boiler.
Embodiment three
A kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, including recyclable device include ammonia convertor 1, the ammonia convertor 1
Synthesis gas pipeline passes through 2 tube side import of waste heat boiler, the first outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler and the pipe of feedwater preheater 4
Journey is connected with the import of heat exchanger 11, and the second outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler passes through resistance balance device 10 and heat exchanger 11
Import is connected；The shell side import of the feedwater preheater 4 is connected with desalted water pipeline 13, the shell of feedwater preheater 4
Journey outlet is connected with the water supplement port of drum 3, and the air inlet and water return outlet of drum 3 are connected with 2 shell side of waste heat boiler respectively, drum 3
Top be connected with steam pipe network 14；Stress reduction device 7 is equipped in the feedwater preheater 4.The resistance balance dress
Setting 10 includes restriction orifice 15, and restriction orifice 15 is located between two adjacent pipelines, is respectively equipped with height between adjacent pipeline
Pressure flange 16 is equipped with restriction orifice 15 between high pressure flange 16, is coated with height in the threaded hole between two high pressure flanges 16
Press bolt 17；Restriction orifice 15 is high pressure lens board, offers hole in the middle part of high pressure lens board, hole includes the metering hole 18 of two sides
And the balancing orifice 19 at middle part, the diameter of metering hole 18 are greater than the diameter of balancing orifice 19.The diameter of the metering hole 18 is
272mm, the diameter of balancing orifice 19 are 202.64mm.The stress reduction device 7 includes support column 23, and the top of support column 23 is set
There is ear mount to support backing plate 22, ear mount supports backing plate 22 by variable force spring fastening 21 and under being arranged in feedwater preheater 4
Ear mount 20 on portion's excircle is connected, and is equipped with channel steel limited block 12 on ear mount support backing plate 22.The stress reduction device 7 is
Several, several stress reduction devices 7 are distributed on the excircle of feedwater preheater 4.The stress reduction device 7 is
Four.The channel steel limited block 12 is three, and the outside, left side and right side of variable force spring fastening 21 is arranged in.The pot
Shut-off valve 5 is equipped between the shell side import and desalted water pipeline 13 of furnace feed water preheater 4, the shell side of feedwater preheater 4 goes out
Liquid level of steam drum regulating valve 6 is equipped between mouth and the water supplement port of drum 3；Steam is equipped between the top and steam pipe network 14 of drum 3
Pressure-regulating valve 8 is equipped with the steam stop 9 that goes into operation between 2 shell side of steam pipe network 14 and waste heat boiler.
A kind of heat recovery technique of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Before 1 system of ammonia convertor is driven, the steam stop 9 that goes into operation fills into steaming into 2 shell side of waste heat boiler
Vapour preheats waste heat boiler 2；
Step 2：After preheating heating coil, shut-off valve 5 and liquid level of steam drum regulating valve 6 are opened, the liquid level in drum 3 is made
Reach 1/2, is full of desalted water in 4 shell side of feedwater preheater, is then shut off shut-off valve 5；The pressure of desalted water is 6.0MPa；
Step 3：Ammonia convertor 1 gradually starts according to operating instruction, when steam pressure reaches 2.5MPa in drum 3, beats
Steam pressure regulating valve 8 is opened to start to convey steam to steam pipe network 14；
Step 4：After ammonia convertor 1 operates normally, ammonia convertor 1 reacts synthesis gas obtained, enters waste heat by pipeline
In the tube side of boiler 2, and exchange heat with the desalted water in 2 shell side of waste heat boiler；The temperature of the synthesis gas is：310~320
DEG C, pressure is：10~12MPa；
Step 5：Synthesis gas after heat exchange passes through 2 tube side of first outlet and waste heat boiler of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler respectively
Second outlet discharge；Synthesis gas is entered in the tube side of feedwater preheater 4 by the first outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler and pot
Desalted water in 4 shell side of furnace feed water preheater exchanges heat, and enters in heat exchanger 11 after heat exchange and carries out subsequent heat exchange；The waste heat
The first outlet synthesis gas temperature of 2 tube side of boiler is：235~240 DEG C, the synthesis gas temperature into heat exchanger 11 is：220~
226℃；Stress reduction device 7 is equipped in the feedwater preheater 4, feedwater preheater 4 is in variable force spring fastening 21
Under the action of can have a surplus moved up and down, channel steel limited block 12 limits variable force spring fastening 21 and moves outward, channel steel limit
Position block 12 limits variable force spring fastening 21 to the left and right side is mobile；
Step 6：Synthesis gas in the second outlet of the tube side of waste heat boiler 2 described in step 5 passes through resistance balance device
After 10 decompressions, subsequent heat exchange is carried out into heat exchanger 11；The tolerance and waste heat of synthesis gas in the second outlet of 2 tube side of waste heat boiler
The tolerance of synthesis gas is identical in the first outlet of 2 tube side of boiler.
Foregoing detailed description is illustrated only for feasible embodiment of the invention, they not to
Limit the scope of the invention, it is all should all without departing from equivalent implementations, change made by technical spirit of the present invention and transformation
It is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Experimental example 1
Ammonia synthesis loop creation data compares compared with prior art for the embodiment of the present invention one and embodiment two, such as following table：
It is compared by process data, in the case where same load, two systems synthetic tower inlet temperature declines 11 DEG C of left sides
The right side, ammonia convertor outlet temperature decline 6 DEG C or so, and 2 outlet temperature of waste heat boiler rises 3 DEG C or so；In waste heat boiler 2 plus water temperature
Spend it is constant in the case where, by increasing to feedwater preheater 4, waste heat boiler 2 plus coolant-temperature gage are promoted by 124 DEG C to 200 DEG C
Left and right, upper coolant-temperature gage promote 76 DEG C or so；Waste heat boiler 2 plus water flow are by 23m3/ h increases to 30m3/ h increases 7m3/ h or so；
2 producing steam amount of waste heat boiler is promoted by 21t/h to 23t/h, 2 producing steam amount of waste heat boiler increase 2t/h or so, is converted into ton ammonia and is steamed
Vapour increases nearly 0.05t or so.It should be noted that：Of the invention 1 in above-mentioned table#For the related data of embodiment one, this in table
The 2 of invention#For the related data of embodiment one.
In conclusion ammonia convertor inlet temperature declines about 11 DEG C after synthesis system increases feedwater preheater 4, because
Bottom of ammonia heat exchanger heat exchange area is big, draw ammonia rise synthetic tower outlet temperature decline about 6 DEG C, each layer by-pass valve seat opening with
It is before essentially identical.
Experimental example 2
The embodiment of the present invention one and embodiment two ammonia convertor furnace temperature data comparison compared with prior art：
By furnace temperature data comparison in ammonia tower, under the same operating conditions, ammonia convertor furnace temperature is more in the prior art
Ammonia convertor furnace temperature is declined, and the ammonia convertor in technology needs to open and close to reduce phlegm and internal heat at waste heat boiler outlet and surrenders the shortcut of mouth
Control furnace temperature, and the present invention does not have to open can control operation furnace temperature well, this is also increasing boiler with said before
Synthetic tower import, outlet temperature decrease after feed water preheater.It should be noted that：Of the invention 1 in above-mentioned table#For
The related data of embodiment one, of the invention 2 in table#For the related data of embodiment one.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " connection ", " phase
Company " etc. shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, is integrally connected, may be a detachable connection；It can also be with
It is the connection inside two elements；It can be directly connected, it can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, for the general of this field
For logical technical staff, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.It is above specifically
Bright illustrating only for feasible embodiment of the invention, the protection model that they are not intended to limit the invention
It encloses, it is all to should be included in protection of the invention without departing from equivalent implementations, change made by technical spirit of the present invention and transformation
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit, which includes ammonia convertor (1), it is characterised in that：The ammonia
The synthesis gas pipeline of synthetic tower (1) passes through waste heat boiler (2) tube side import, the first outlet and boiler of waste heat boiler (2) tube side
The tube side of feed water preheater (4) is connected with the import of heat exchanger (11), and the second outlet of waste heat boiler (2) tube side is flat by resistance
Weighing apparatus device (10) is connected with the import of heat exchanger (11)；
The shell side import of the feedwater preheater (4) is connected with desalted water pipeline (13), the shell of feedwater preheater (4)
Journey outlet is connected with the water supplement port of drum (3), and the air inlet and water return outlet of drum (3) are connected with waste heat boiler (2) shell side respectively,
The top of drum (3) is connected with steam pipe network (14)；
Stress reduction device (7) are equipped in the feedwater preheater (4).
2. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The resistance balance dress
Setting (10) includes restriction orifice (15), and restriction orifice (15) is located between two adjacent pipelines, between adjacent pipeline respectively
It equipped with high pressure flange (16), is equipped between high pressure flange (16) restriction orifice (15), the spiral shell between two high pressure flanges (16)
High-pressure bolt (17) are coated in pit；Restriction orifice (15) is high pressure lens board, offers hole, hole in the middle part of high pressure lens board
The diameter of the balancing orifice (19) of metering hole (18) and middle part including two sides, metering hole (18) is greater than the straight of balancing orifice (19)
Diameter.
3. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The metering hole (18)
Diameter be 272mm, the diameter of balancing orifice (19) is 202.64mm.
4. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The stress reduction dress
Setting (7) includes support column (23), and the top of support column (23) is equipped with ear mount support backing plate (22), and ear mount support backing plate (22) passes through
Variable force spring fastening (21) is connected with the ear mount (20) being arranged on the excircle of feedwater preheater (4) middle and lower part, ear mount branch
Channel steel limited block (12) are installed on stake pad plate (22).
5. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The stress reduction dress
Setting (7) is several, several stress reduction devices (7) are distributed on the excircle of feedwater preheater (4).
6. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The stress reduction dress
Setting (7) is four.
7. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The channel steel limited block
(12) it is three, is arranged in the outside, left side and right side of variable force spring fastening (21).
8. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The channel steel limited block
It (12) is 30mm with the distance between the outside of variable force spring fastening (21), channel steel limited block (12) and variable force spring fastening (21)
The distance between left side be 20mm, channel steel limited block (12) and the distance between the right side of variable force spring fastening (21) are
20mm。
9. a kind of synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The boiler feedwater is pre-
Shut-off valve (5) are equipped between the shell side import and desalted water pipeline (13) of hot device (4), the shell side of feedwater preheater (4) goes out
Liquid level of steam drum regulating valve (6) are equipped between mouth and the water supplement port of drum (3)；Between the top and steam pipe network (14) of drum (3)
Equipped with steam pressure regulating valve (8), it is equipped between steam pipe network (14) and waste heat boiler (2) shell side and goes into operation steam stop (9).
10. a kind of heat recovery technique using synthesis ammonia system heat reclaim unit described in claim 1-9, feature exist
In：The technique includes the following steps：
Step 1：Before ammonia convertor (1) system is driven, the steam stop (9) that goes into operation is filled into waste heat boiler (2) shell side
Steam preheats waste heat boiler (2)；
Step 2：After preheating heating coil, shut-off valve (5) and liquid level of steam drum regulating valve (6) are opened, the liquid in drum (3) is made
Position reaches 2/5~3/5, is full of desalted water in feedwater preheater (4) shell side, is then shut off shut-off valve (5)；The pressure of desalted water
Power is 6.0MPa；
Step 3：Ammonia convertor (1) gradually starts according to operating instruction, when steam pressure reaches 2.5MPa in drum (3), beats
Steam pressure regulating valve (8) is opened to start to convey steam to steam pipe network (14)；
Step 4：After ammonia convertor (1) operates normally, ammonia convertor (1) reacts synthesis gas obtained, enters waste heat by pipeline
In the tube side of boiler (2), and exchange heat with the desalted water in waste heat boiler (2) shell side；The temperature of the synthesis gas is：310~
320 DEG C, pressure is：10~12MPa；
Step 5：Synthesis gas after heat exchange passes through the first outlet and waste heat boiler (2) tube side of waste heat boiler (2) tube side respectively
Second outlet discharge；Synthesis gas is entered in the tube side of feedwater preheater (4) by the first outlet of waste heat boiler (2) tube side
It exchanges heat with the desalted water in feedwater preheater (4) shell side, enters after heat exchange and carry out subsequent heat exchange in heat exchanger (11)；
The first outlet synthesis gas temperature of waste heat boiler (2) tube side is：235~240 DEG C, into the synthesis temperature of heat exchanger (11)
Degree is：220~226 DEG C；Stress reduction device (7) are equipped in the feedwater preheater (4), feedwater preheater (4)
There can be the surplus moved up and down under the action of variable force spring fastening (21), channel steel limited block (12) limits variable force spring fastening
(21) distance moved outward is no more than 30mm, and it is to the left and right that channel steel limited block (12) limits variable force spring fastening (21)
The mobile distance in side is no more than 20mm；
Step 6：Synthesis gas in the second outlet of waste heat boiler described in step 5 (2) tube side passes through resistance balance device
(10) after depressurizing, subsequent heat exchange is carried out into heat exchanger (11)；The tolerance of synthesis gas in the second outlet of waste heat boiler (2) tube side
It is identical as the tolerance of synthesis gas in the first outlet of waste heat boiler (2) tube side.
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| CN114060789A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-18 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Method for recovering heat of isopropyl benzene device |
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