CN108843506B - Wind power generation system and wind power generation method - Google Patents
Wind power generation system and wind power generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108843506B CN108843506B CN201810631873.0A CN201810631873A CN108843506B CN 108843506 B CN108843506 B CN 108843506B CN 201810631873 A CN201810631873 A CN 201810631873A CN 108843506 B CN108843506 B CN 108843506B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind power generation system, which is provided with a plurality of wind power generation devices arranged in a circumferential arrangement; the wind power generation device comprises a first conductive element, a second conductive element and a flexible friction layer, wherein the flexible friction layer is positioned between the first conductive element and the second conductive element, and the first conductive element and the second conductive element are arranged to form an included angle; the first conductive member having a first friction surface and the second conductive member having a second friction surface; the flexible friction layer is contacted with and separated from the first friction surface and/or the second friction surface under the action of wind force to generate induced current. A plurality of wind power generation devices in the system are arranged in a circumferential arrangement mode and have a better windward side, so that the utilization efficiency of wind energy is improved, and the space size of the wind power generation system is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of power generation, and in particular, to a wind power generation system and a wind power generation method.
Background
Wind energy is a clean energy which is abundant, almost endless and widely distributed, and has been widely valued by people from ancient times to present. The problem of energy shortage worldwide is solved by efficiently utilizing wind energy to convert the wind energy into electric energy to be stored in energy storage equipment, which is a consensus of human beings worldwide. At present, the main form of wind power generation equipment is to convert mechanical energy into electric energy by means of wind energy to drive a windmill to rotate and cut a magnetic induction line.
The inventor finds that the following technical problems exist in the prior art in the process of implementing the embodiment of the invention: the wind power generation equipment has larger volume, complex installation and low utilization efficiency of wind energy.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a wind power generation system.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a wind power generation system, including: having a plurality of wind power generation devices arranged in a circumferential array; the wind power generation device comprises a first conductive element, a second conductive element and a flexible friction layer, wherein the flexible friction layer is positioned between the first conductive element and the second conductive element, and the first conductive element and the second conductive element are arranged to form an included angle; the first conductive member having a first friction surface and the second conductive member having a second friction surface; the flexible friction layer is contacted with and separated from the first friction surface and/or the second friction surface under the action of wind force to generate induced current; the plurality of wind power generation devices of the wind power generation system are symmetrically arranged around the circumference; the wind power generation system is provided with a plurality of identical wind power generation devices; adjacent wind power installations have a common first or second electrically conductive element.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a wind power generation method, which comprises the following steps: the plurality of wind power generation devices are arranged in a circumferential arrangement; the wind power generation device comprises a first conductive element, a second conductive element and a flexible friction layer; the flexible friction layer is arranged between the first conductive element and the second conductive element, and an included angle is formed between the first conductive element and the second conductive element; the flexible friction layer is contacted with and separated from a first friction surface of the first conducting element and/or a second friction surface of the second conducting element under the action of wind force to generate induced current; the plurality of wind power generation devices of the wind power generation system are symmetrically arranged around the circumference; the wind power generation system is provided with a plurality of identical wind power generation devices; adjacent wind power installations have a common first or second electrically conductive element.
In the embodiment of the invention, as the plurality of wind power generation devices in the wind power generation system are arranged in a circumferential manner, the wind power generation system can be assembled in a modularized manner and is convenient to install. The wind power generation system has a better windward side, so that the utilization efficiency of wind energy is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment and a second embodiment of a wind power generation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a wind power generation apparatus according to a third embodiment of the wind power generation system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a comparison graph of output currents of different numbers of wind power generation devices arranged in a wind power generation system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the current wind power generation equipment, the mode mainly adopted is that the windmill is driven by wind energy to rotate and cut magnetic induction lines so as to convert mechanical energy into electric energy. The equipment occupies a large volume and is inconvenient to install. The utilization efficiency of wind energy is low, and the power supply occasion of small and miniature equipment can not be met particularly.
In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wind power generation system, including: having a plurality of wind power generation devices arranged in a circumferential array; the wind power generation device comprises a first conductive element, a second conductive element and a flexible friction layer, wherein the flexible friction layer is positioned between the first conductive element and the second conductive element, and the first conductive element and the second conductive element are arranged to form an included angle; the first conductive member having a first friction surface and the second conductive member having a second friction surface; the flexible friction layer is contacted with and separated from the first friction surface and/or the second friction surface under the action of wind force to generate induced current.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a wind power generation method, which comprises the following steps: the plurality of wind power generation devices are arranged in a circumferential arrangement; the wind power generation device comprises a first conductive element, a second conductive element and a flexible friction layer; the flexible friction layer is arranged between the first conductive element and the second conductive element, and an included angle is formed between the first conductive element and the second conductive element; the flexible friction layer is contacted with and separated from the first friction surface of the first conducting element and/or the second friction surface of the second conducting element under the action of wind force to generate induced current.
In the embodiment of the invention, as the plurality of wind power generation devices in the wind power generation system are arranged in a circumferential manner, the wind power generation system can be assembled in a modularized manner and is convenient to install. The wind power generation system has a better windward side, so that the utilization efficiency of wind energy is improved.
The technical solution of the above embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail by using several specific embodiments.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a wind power generation system of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the system of this embodiment may include: there are a plurality of wind power generation devices 10 arranged in a circumferential array. For example, a plurality of wind turbines 10 of a wind turbine system are arranged symmetrically around the circumference, but a wind turbine system may also have a plurality of identical wind turbines 10. The wind power generation device comprises a first conductive element 11, a second conductive element 12 and a flexible friction layer 13, wherein the flexible friction layer 13 is located between the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12, and the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 are arranged to form an included angle. For example, in the present embodiment, the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 may be a layered structure having conductivity.
The first conductive member 11 has a first friction surface 110, the second conductive member 12 has a second friction surface 120; the flexible friction layer 13 is brought into contact with and separated from the first friction surface 110 and/or the second friction surface 120 by the wind to generate an induced current. Adjacent wind energy installations 10 may have a common first conductive element 11 or second conductive element 12, for example friction surfaces 110 may be attached to both sides of the conductive element 11.
The flexible friction layer 13 is brought into contact with and separated from the first friction surface 110 and/or the second friction surface 120 by the wind to generate an induced current, and the induced current is outputted to the outside through the first conductive member 11 and the second conductive member 12 having conductivity. The wind power generation device of the embodiment converts mechanical energy into electric energy in a nanometer range, and has the advantage of small volume.
In this embodiment, the wind power generation system may be formed by connecting a plurality of wind power generation devices 10 in parallel. The wind power generation system utilizes kinetic energy of wind to drive the flexible friction layer 13 to contact and separate with the first friction surface 110 and/or the second friction surface 120, and induced current is generated to be further output outwards to form current, so that mechanical energy is converted into electric energy. Since the flexible friction layer 13 is disposed in the included angle formed by the first conductive member 11 and the second conductive member 12, the flexible friction layer 13 can be more sufficiently contacted and separated from the first friction surface 110 and/or the second friction surface 120 under the action of wind.
One end of the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 may be fixed relative to each other. Thus, one end of the flexible friction layer 13 can be fixed between the first conductive member 11 and the second conductive member 12, and the other end of the flexible friction layer 13 can contact and separate from the first friction surface 110 and/or the second friction surface 120 by the wind force to generate an induced current. The other ends of the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 can be freely adjusted to a certain angle, thereby providing a space for the flexible friction layer 13 to contact and separate. Since the flexible friction layer 13 and the first friction surface 110 or the second friction surface 120 cannot be sufficiently contacted and separated to generate an induced current when the included angle formed by the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 is greater than 180 degrees, the included angle formed by the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 should be smaller than 180 degrees. For example, in the embodiment, in order to make the flexible friction layer 13 sufficiently contact with and separate from the first friction surface 110 or the second friction surface 120, the included angle formed by the first conductive member 11 and the second conductive member 12 may be set to be 5 degrees to 90 degrees according to the intensity of the wind.
In the embodiment of the invention, as the plurality of wind power generation devices in the wind power generation system are arranged in a circumferential manner, the wind power generation system can be assembled in a modularized manner and is convenient to install. The wind power generation system has a better windward side, so that the utilization efficiency of wind energy is improved, and the space size of the wind power generation system is saved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1, in the wind power generation system of the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the first embodiment, the material of the first friction surface 110 of the wind power generation device 10 and the material of the flexible friction layer 13 have different friction electrode sequences; the material of the second friction surface 120 and the material of the flexible friction layer 13 have different friction electrode orders.
In the specific implementation process, the implementation can be realized in two ways.
One implementation may be: the material of the first friction surface 110 or the material of the second friction surface 120 is chemically modified so that a functional group that easily loses electrons is introduced to the surface of the material having positive polarity or a functional group that easily obtains electrons is introduced to the surface of the material having negative polarity.
Another implementation may be: the material of the first friction surface 110 or the material of the second friction surface 120 is chemically modified so that a positive charge is introduced at the surface of the material with a positive polarity or a negative charge is introduced at the surface of the material with a negative polarity.
The flexible friction layer 13 may be an insulating material or a semiconductor material.
Specifically, the insulating material may be selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyimide, poly (diphenylpropane carbonate), polyethylene terephthalate, aniline formaldehyde resin, polyoxymethylene, ethylcellulose, polyamide, melamine formaldehyde, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose acetate, polyethylene adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated fiber sponge, polyurethane elastomer, styrene propylene copolymer, styrene butadiene copolymer, rayon, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutylene, polyurethane flexible sponge, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl butyral, phenol resin, chloroprene rubber, butadiene propylene copolymer, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly (vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile), polyethylene propylene carbonate, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, liquid crystal high molecular polymer, polychloroprene, polyacrylonitrile, polybisphenol carbonate, polychloroprene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and parylene; the semiconductor material is selected from silicon, germanium, III and V group compounds, II and VI group compounds, oxides, solid solutions composed of III-V group compounds and II-VI group compounds, amorphous glass semiconductors and organic semiconductors;
further, the insulating material is selected from polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly (diphenylpropane carbonate), polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and parylene; said group III and group V compounds are selected from gallium arsenide and gallium phosphide; said group II and VI compounds are selected from cadmium sulfide and zinc sulfide; the oxide is selected from oxides of manganese, chromium, iron or copper; the solid solution consisting of the III-V group compound and the II-VI group compound is selected from gallium aluminum arsenic and gallium arsenic phosphorus;
specifically, the semiconductor material of the flexible friction layer 13 may include silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, BiO2Or Y2O3。
The embodiment of the wind power generation device can further improve the contact charge density generated by friction when the wind power generation device 10 works, thereby improving the output energy of a power generation system.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment of the wind power generation system changes the structure of the wind power generation device on the basis of the first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a wind turbine generator according to a third embodiment of the wind turbine generator system of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the wind power generation apparatus 10, the apparatus may include: the flexible friction layer comprises a first conductive element 11, a second conductive element 12 and a flexible friction layer 13, wherein the flexible friction layer 13 is positioned between the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12, and the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 are arranged to form an included angle. The flexible friction layer 13 is in contact with and separated from the first friction surface 110 of the first conductive member 11 and/or the second friction surface 120 of the second conductive member 12 under the action of wind to generate an induced current, and the induced current is output outwards through the first conductive member 11 and the second conductive member 12.
In the embodiment of the power generation device of the wind power generation system of the present invention, the side edge of the first conductive element 11 and the side edge of the second conductive element 12 have wind guiding grooves 111 and 121, respectively. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the wind guiding groove may have various structures, such as a wedge shape, an arc shape, a square shape, and the like. Of course, the wind guide groove in the embodiment of the invention includes, but is not limited to, the above structure.
When the wind is at rest, the flexible friction layer 13 covers the surface of the first conductive element 11 or the surface of the second conductive element 12. The wind guide grooves 111 and 121 prevent the flexible friction layer from tightly adhering to the surface of the first conductive element 11 or the surface of the second conductive element 12 in the absence of wind. Therefore, the flexible friction layer 13 can be prevented from being separated from the first friction surface 110 and/or the second friction surface 120 by a large wind force in the windward period, and the energy additionally consumed by the wind power generation device is reduced. The side of the first conductive element 11 and/or the side air guide groove 111 or 121 of the second conductive element 12 may be a wedge-shaped structure, because the wedge-shaped structure is convenient to process and manufacture and is more beneficial to guiding the wind. Therefore, the power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be started to work under slight wind disturbance, and has strong adaptability to the environment.
Example four
The embodiment provides different numbers of the same wind power generation devices for the wind power generation system.
Referring to fig. 1, a wind power generation device 10 in the wind power generation system of the present embodiment may include: a first conductive element 11, a second conductive element 12, and a flexible friction layer 13, the flexible friction layer 13 being located between the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12. The first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 are arranged at an angle of 30 degrees. The first conductive element 11 has a first friction surface 110 and the second conductive element 12 has a second friction surface 120. The wind power generation devices in the wind power generation system are arranged in a circumferential mode, are identical in model size, can be assembled in a modularized mode, and are convenient to install.
In this embodiment, the wind power generation method using the wind power generation system includes: a plurality of wind power generation devices 10 are arranged in a circumferential array; the wind power generation device 10 comprises a first conductive element 11, a second conductive element 12 and a flexible friction layer 13; the flexible friction layer 13 is arranged between the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12, and the first conductive element 11 and the second conductive element 12 are arranged at an included angle; the flexible friction layer 13 is in contact with and separated from the first friction surface 110 of the first conductive member 11 and/or the second friction surface 120 of the second conductive member 12 by the wind force to generate an induced current, and the induced current is output outwards through the first conductive member 11 and the second conductive member 12.
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of output currents of different numbers of wind power generation devices arranged in a wind power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Because the wind power generation system outputs induced current outwards as alternating current, the alternating current is rectified by the rectifier bridge to obtain rectified current. FIG. 3 shows the measured values of the rectified currents generated by 1-12 wind power plants at a wind speed of 23 m/s. It can be seen from the figure that as the number of wind power generation devices in the wind power generation system increases, the current output by the system also increases accordingly. The output current of the wind power generation system has a linear relation with the number of the wind power generation devices. Therefore, the wind power generation system can be integrated and manufactured in the mode of the embodiment, so that the modular assembly and the installation are convenient.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A wind power generation system characterized by: having a plurality of wind power generation devices arranged in a circumferential array;
the wind power generation device comprises a first conductive element, a second conductive element and a flexible friction layer, wherein the flexible friction layer is positioned between the first conductive element and the second conductive element, and the first conductive element and the second conductive element are arranged to form an included angle; the first conductive member having a first friction surface and the second conductive member having a second friction surface; the flexible friction layer is contacted with and separated from the first friction surface and/or the second friction surface under the action of wind force to generate induced current; the plurality of wind power generation devices of the wind power generation system are symmetrically arranged around the circumference; the wind power generation system is provided with a plurality of identical wind power generation devices; the adjacent wind power generation devices have a common first conductive element or a common second conductive element; a first friction surface is attached to each side of the first conductive element, and a second friction surface is attached to each side of the second conductive element.
2. Wind power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wind power generation device outputs induced current outwards through the first conducting element and the second conducting element.
3. Wind power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plurality of wind power generation devices of the wind power generation system are connected in parallel.
4. Wind power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle formed by the first conductive element and the second conductive element is 5-90 degrees.
5. Wind power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the first friction surface and the material of the flexible friction layer have different friction electrode sequences; the material of the second friction surface and the material of the flexible friction layer have different friction electrode sequences.
6. Wind power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side edge of the first conductive element and/or the side edge of the second conductive element are/is provided with a wind guide groove.
7. A method of wind power generation, characterized in that a wind power generation system comprises:
the plurality of wind power generation devices are arranged in a circumferential arrangement;
the wind power generation device comprises a first conductive element, a second conductive element and a flexible friction layer; the flexible friction layer is arranged between the first conductive element and the second conductive element, and an included angle is formed between the first conductive element and the second conductive element; the flexible friction layer is contacted with and separated from the first friction surface of the first conducting element and/or the second friction surface of the second conducting element under the action of wind force to generate induced current;
the plurality of wind power generation devices of the wind power generation system are symmetrically arranged around the circumference; the wind power generation system is provided with a plurality of identical wind power generation devices; the adjacent wind power generation devices have a common first conductive element or a common second conductive element; a first friction surface is attached to each side of the first conductive element, and a second friction surface is attached to each side of the second conductive element.
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| CN104426413B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-10-12 | 纳米新能源（唐山）有限责任公司 | Wind power generation plant based on high frequency friction generator |
| CN105490579B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 河南师范大学 | A kind of multilayer linkage type foldable friction generator |
| CN105680717B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-06-20 | 苏州大学 | A kind of vane type composite wind pwoer energy harvester |
| CN205725522U (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-11-23 | 苏州大学 | A kind of combined type wind energy collecting device |
| CN205725515U (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-11-23 | 苏州大学 | A kind of vane type composite wind pwoer energy harvester |
| CN205811876U (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-12-14 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of double-layer wave shape hybridized nanometer electromotor |
| KR20180019459A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-02-26 | 소치재 | A Equipment for Generating Electricity of Vehicle Using Frictional Electricity |
| CN207304405U (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-05-01 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of flexibility ocean energy harvester |
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