CN108842816A - A kind of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology - Google Patents
A kind of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108842816A CN108842816A CN201810791723.6A CN201810791723A CN108842816A CN 108842816 A CN108842816 A CN 108842816A CN 201810791723 A CN201810791723 A CN 201810791723A CN 108842816 A CN108842816 A CN 108842816A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/04—Making large underground spaces, e.g. for underground plants, e.g. stations of underground railways; Construction or layout thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/16—Arrangement or construction of joints in foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
- E02D31/025—Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/002—Concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technologies; bottom plate including top plate and below top plate; two sides are provided with side wall respectively between top plate and bottom plate; wherein; top plate includes concrete layer one, damp proof insulation layer, waterproof layer one, puncture resistant layer and the protective layer one set gradually on lower; bottom plate includes concrete layer two, waterproof layer two and the protective layer two set gradually on lower, and side wall includes the concrete layer three, waterproof layer three and protective layer three set gradually from outside to inside.Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Pass through setting concrete layer one, damp proof insulation layer, waterproof layer one, puncture resistant layer, protective layer one, concrete layer two, waterproof layer two, protective layer two, concrete layer three, waterproof layer three and protective layer three; to guarantee that subway station has good waterproof performance; and then safety and stability of the subway station when coming into operation in the later period is improved, and then guarantee the good operation of the safety of subway.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to station waterproof technical fields, it particularly relates to a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction
Technique.
Background technique
Subway station is made of station layer, station hall layer, mechanical floor and entrance.The construction method of subway station includes bright
The construction of digging method, lid excavation construction, shallow burial hidden digging construction, drill bursting construction etc., wherein for cut and cover tunneling, excavate deep
About 10-24m is spent, excavation of foundation pit is excavated using two and three-level slope, soil nailing bolt-spary supports, underground double-layer structure, is built for open cut is suitable
Method construction, four entrances, two groups of wind pavilions, channel and air channel base plate buried depth about 3-11m；Therefore, for taking cut and cover tunneling
For, the underground space, entrance and exit of the passage and air duct waterproofing grade are level-one, and structure does not allow to seep water, and body structure surface is without wet pool.
For the problems in the relevant technologies, currently no effective solution has been proposed.
Summary of the invention
For the problems in the relevant technologies, the present invention proposes a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology, with gram
Take above-mentioned technical problem present in existing the relevant technologies.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure.
The waterproofing for subway station structure includes top plate and the bottom plate below the top plate, the top plate and the bottom plate
Between two sides be provided with side wall respectively, wherein the top plate includes concrete layer one, the damp proof insulation set gradually on lower
Layer, waterproof layer one, puncture resistant layer and protective layer one, the bottom plate include the concrete layer two set gradually on lower, waterproof
Layer two and protective layer two, the side wall include the concrete layer three, waterproof layer three and protective layer three set gradually from outside to inside.
Further, the concrete layer one is cast-in-place water-proof concrete, and the damp proof insulation layer is adhesive bitument primer, the waterproof
Layer one is the single-component polyurethane water-proof paint of 2.5mm thickness, and the puncture resistant layer is the PVC of 1.5mm thickness, and the protective layer one is thick
Degree is the pea gravel concreten of 100mm, and using along pressure mode when the waterproof layer one is taken with three material of waterproof layer, the lap of splice is extremely
It is less 1m, and smears polyurethane sealant between the waterproof layer one and the waterproof layer three, while uses the elongated aluminium of 50x3
Item compacting is closed up plus nail M8@200 is fixed.
Further, the concrete layer two is cast-in-place water-proof concrete, and the waterproof layer two is HDPE adhesive polymer
Glue film waterproof roll, thickness >=1.5mm and HDPE layer thickness >=1.0mm, sizing material thickness 0.5mm, the protective layer two are 50mm thick
Pea gravel concreten, intensity >=C20, on the side wall and respectively position apart from the top plate and bottom plate armpit angle 0.3m
It is respectively provided with circular construction joint, the circular construction joint is made of rubber watertight strip and sealing rod, outside the circular construction joint
Side is provided with the double-sided self-adhesive waterproof coiled materials of 600mm wide.
Further, the concrete layer three is cast-in-place water-proof concrete, and the waterproof layer three is HDPE self-adhesion macromolecule
Class waterproof roll, the protective layer three are the high density polyphenyl of 240 thick brick walls or 50mm thickness, and the corner of the side wall is provided with
50x50mm cement mortar chamfering, inner corner trim are the circular arc of radius 50mm, and outside builds 300mm high 240mm thickness and protects brick wall, the guarantor
It protects brick wall and the waterproof layer two overlaps at least 300mm.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of construction technology of waterproofing for subway station structure is provided.
The production of the waterproofing for subway station structure, includes the following steps：
According to above-mentioned waterproofing for subway station structure, each raw material needed for preparing the waterproofing for subway station structure；
When the construction of bottom plates, it is first laid with concrete layer two, is successively laid on the top for laying the concrete layer two
Waterproof layer two and the protective layer two, and the bottom plate is poured to the above 0.3m in armpit angle；
When the side wall is constructed, it is first laid with the concrete layer three, while the buried rubber fastening band in construction joint use,
It pours to middle plate, with 1:2.5 cement mortar carry out interface to polish processing, are laid with the waterproof layer three, in the waterproof layer three
Outside is laid with protective layer three, then pours middle plate to the top plate, handles treatment of construction joints and interface；
When the top board construction, it is first laid with the concrete layer one, is successively laid with damp proof insulation on one top of concrete layer
Layer, the waterproof layer one, the puncture resistant layer and the protective layer one, backfill.
Further, underground structure uses high performance concrete, and seepage-resistant grade is greater than P8；
Concrete uses dual mixing technology, and it is additional that the cracking resistances such as suitable high-quality coal ash powder and high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid are added
Agent；
Compact-type waterproofing agent is added in the component at certain position；
Concrete structural strength is greater than C35, and for maximum water-cement ratio less than 0.45, concrete raw material meets following requirements, glue
Gel material is greater than 320KG/m3；It, should be depending on experimental result when intensity requirement is high or underground water has aggressivity；
Sand coarse aggregate ratio is preferably 35%~40%, and pumping can rise to 45%；
Cement-sand ratio is preferably 1：1.5~1：2.5；
Cement amount is greater than 260KG/m3；
It seeps plus air entraining agent or air-entraining water-reducing agent, concrete 's air-containing should be controlled 3%~5%；
The concrete premixing presetting period is preferably 6~8h；
Various types of materials total alkali is less than 3KG in every cubic meter of concrete, and all kinds of additives are total in every cubic meter of concrete
Alkali content is less than 1KG；
Should by regulation strict control concrete in Cl- content, the content of maximum Cl- account for cementitious material specific gravity≤
0.06%；
The content of tricalcium aluminate should be lower than 8% in cement；
The maximum level of sulfur trioxide is less than the 4% of binder total amount；
When water-proof concrete uses ready-mixed concrete, enters to pump the slump and preferably control in 120~160mm, the slump is per hour
Penalty values are less than 20mm, and slump total losses value is less than 40mm；
Summer molding temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, when surface temperature of concrete and atmospheric temperature difference are greater than 20 DEG C, concrete table
It face must covering and heat insulating.
Further, circular construction joint spacing is preferably 1/4~1/3 across range, and the circular construction joint of composite wall structure is set
It sets and is less than 24m, and underground water and the more section of crevice water should be avoided；
Horizontal construction joint should not stay in the junction of shearing and moment of flexure maximum or plate and side wall, should stay in and be higher by base surface
At 300mm, when wall has reserving hole, construction joint is greater than 300mm away from hole edge；
, should be clean by its removing surface before circular construction joint casting concrete, then painted concrete interface treating agent or water
Mud based penetration crystallization type water proofing paint, and answer timely casting concrete；
Before horizontal construction joint casting concrete, should then its surface laitance and eliminating impurities be laid with net slurry or brushed mixed
The materials such as solidifying Soil Interface inorganic agent, cement based penetration crystallization type water proofing paint repave 30~50mm thick 1：2.5 cement mortar,
And answer timely casting concrete；
Water expandable waterstop should be closely connected with joint surface；Select water expandable waterstop that there should be expansion character, 7 days swollen
Swollen rate is less than the 60% of final expansion rate, and final expansion rate is greater than 220%；
The buried water stop or when built-in type Grouting Pipe in answers accurate positioning, solid and reliable；
Zinc-plated rubber watertight strip and water expandable waterstop and 600mm wide are two-sided together for setting in the middle part of longitudinal construction joint
One of rubber watertight strip of setting and water expandable waterstop from the middle part of a waterproof roll, circular construction joint；
600mm wide double-sided self-adhesive waterproof coiled materials are added on the outside of the construction joint of top plate and bottom plate and side wall；
Circular construction joint adds one of polyurethane sealant on the outside of top plate position and separate type side wall；
At the underground space and service channel port connections, auxiliary waterproof layer should respectively close up, and use and its
The compatible auxiliary material in both sides is excessively linked；
The underground space and accessory structure excuse position construction joint use brushing cement-base infiltration crystallization water-repellent paint, twice
Sealing rod and Grouting Pipe sealing；
Waterstop position must place correctly, and each half, waterstop must be welded firmly construction joint in lap-joint up and down
Or bonding；
The first brushing cement-base infiltration crystallization water-repellent paint before pouring next stage concrete, construction joint should be adopted when pouring
Weak vibration is taken, vibrating head must not touch waterstop member, avoid the leakproofness of damage material.
Further, the built-in fitting in main structure should use pre-buried, the concrete of built-in fitting end or preformed hole bottom
Thickness is greater than 250mm, when thickness is less than 250mm, it is necessary to which part thickeies；
Waterproof layer in preformed hole, the structurally waterproof layer connection outside Ying Yukong.
Further, roof deformation seam is filled up completely bottom end using polyethylene and is blocked with sealant, and top uses diameter 20
Simultaneously 20x20 polysulfide sealant is arranged in foam rods, and seam outside uses 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof building materials, middle part setting
Middle waterstop with grouting tube；
Side wall deformation joint is filled up completely bottom end using polyethylene and is blocked with sealant, and top is using external labeling type waterstop and prevents
In water layer bonding, and place 20 foam rods of diameter；Seam outside uses 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof building materials；Middle part is set
Set the middle waterstop with grouting tube；
Bottom deformation seam is filled up completely bottom end using polyethylene and is blocked with sealant, and top is using 20 foam rods of diameter and sets
20x20 polysulfide sealant to be set, and places 20 foam rods of diameter, seam inside uses 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof building materials,
The middle waterstop with grouting tube is arranged in middle part；
It changes when because of station structure, ground, basis or load, it is possible to create when biggish relative settlement, should be arranged
Deformation joint has track to be less than 5mm by place's modified difference in light and dark digging boundary, station and section boundary etc.；
It can be taken when necessary in responsible measures such as deformation joint setting shear connectors, it is ensured that the structure on deformation joint both sides does not generate
Influence the relative settlement of traffic safety and normal use；
Deformation joint, construction joint, built-in fitting, various structures the positions such as interface, be the weak link of waterproof, it is necessary to reinforce anti-
Water measure, while different assisted drainage measures can be also selected according to different structure type.
Further, to the basal plane requirement of laying waterproof roll：
The basal plane of laying waterproof roll is answered smooth, base treatment should be carried out before laying waterproof roll, using cement mortar
The method of plastering must not have sharp burr position on basal plane, avoid puncturing waterproof roll when casting concrete；
Otherwise base face must not should be cut off with the presence of protrusions such as iron pipe, steel pipe, iron wires from root, and throughout position
With cement mortar covering treatment, before waterproof roll is laid in segmentation, there must not be bright water on the base face of laying protection coiled material, otherwise
The construction of next procedure can be just carried out after the method for leak stopping should be taken to live water blocking；
The laying of waterproof roll, waterproof roll are fixed on stake or mat surface using mechanical Fixing Method, and fixed point is away from coiled material
At edge 2cm, pitch of nails is less than 50cm, and nail is long to be greater than 3cm, and waterproof roll is firmly fixed to substrate surface by tie spacer,
Washer diameter is greater than 2cm, avoids falling off when casting concrete；
Effective lap width of adjacent two width coiled material is 10cm, and nail hole position is covered, it is desirable that upper width pressure width carries out
Overlap joint, when overlap joint, the isolation film overlapped in range must be torn；
Waterproof roll on the corner, must be connected with special adhesive tape and be sealed；
After side wall waterproof roll applies, provisional mobile protection board should be set in assembling reinforcement, in order to avoid welded reinforcement
When waterproof roll it is impaired；
Basal plane requirement to coating waterproof layer；
The stomata of base, uneven, honeycomb, gap, dusting etc. should be repaired and smear processing, basal plane must completely, without laitance,
Without droplet, impermeable；
Before coating application, base's yin-yang angle should do in the arc-shaped, and inner corner trim diameter is preferably greater than 50mm, and external corner diameter is preferably greater than
10mm；
Coating water-proof, which goes out ground, to close up.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：By the way that concrete layer one, damp proof insulation layer, waterproof layer one, puncture resistant layer, protective layer is arranged
One, concrete layer two, waterproof layer two, protective layer two, concrete layer three, waterproof layer three and protective layer three, to guarantee subway
Standing has good waterproof performance, and then improves safety and stability of the subway station when coming into operation in the later period, Jin Erbao
Demonstrate,prove the good operation of safety of subway.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of waterproofing for subway station structure according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of structure of the top plate of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown
One of be intended to；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of structure of the top plate of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown
The two of intention；
Fig. 4 is that a kind of structure of the side wall of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is that a kind of structure of the bottom plate of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 6 is the side wall circumferential direction construction of a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology according to an embodiment of the present invention
Crack structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the floor circumferential direction construction of a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology according to an embodiment of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of seam；
Fig. 8 is the closing-in structure signal of a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology according to an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
In figure：
1, top plate；2, bottom plate；3, side wall；4, concrete layer one；5, damp proof insulation layer；6, waterproof layer one；7, puncture resistant layer；8, it protects
Sheath one；9, concrete layer two；10, waterproof layer two；11, protective layer two；12, concrete layer three；13, waterproof layer three；14, it protects
Layer three.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other embodiment obtained belong to what the present invention protected
Range.
According to an embodiment of the invention, providing a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure.
As shown in figures 1-8, waterproofing for subway station structure and its construction technology according to an embodiment of the present invention, including top plate 1
With the bottom plate 2 for being located at 1 lower section of top plate, two sides are provided with side wall 3 respectively between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2,
In, the top plate 1 includes the concrete layer 1 set gradually on lower, damp proof insulation layer 5, waterproof layer 1, puncture resistant layer 7 and protects
Sheath 1, the bottom plate 2 include concrete layer 29, waterproof layer 2 10 and the protective layer 2 11 set gradually on lower, institute
Stating side wall 3 includes concrete layer 3 12, waterproof layer 3 13 and the protective layer 3 14 set gradually from outside to inside.
In one embodiment, the concrete layer 1 is cast-in-place water-proof concrete, and the damp proof insulation layer 5 is adhesive bitument primer,
The waterproof layer 1 is the single-component polyurethane water-proof paint of 2.5mm thickness, and the puncture resistant layer 7 is the PVC of 1.5mm thickness, described
Protective layer 1 is pressed when the waterproof layer 1 is taken with 3 13 material of waterproof layer using suitable with a thickness of the pea gravel concreten of 100mm
Mode, the lap of splice is at least 1m, and smears polyurethane sealant between the waterproof layer 1 and the waterproof layer 3 13,
It is closed up simultaneously using the elongated aluminum strip compacting of 50x3 plus nail M8@200 is fixed.
In one embodiment, the concrete layer 29 is cast-in-place water-proof concrete, and the waterproof layer 2 10 is HDPE high
Molecule self-adhesion glue film waterproof roll, thickness >=1.5mm and HDPE layer thickness >=1.0mm, sizing material thickness 0.5mm, the protective layer two
11 be the pea gravel concreten of 50mm thickness, intensity >=C20, on the side wall 3 and respectively apart from the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2
The position of armpit angle 0.3m is respectively provided with circular construction joint, and the circular construction joint is made of rubber watertight strip and sealing rod, institute
State the double-sided self-adhesive waterproof coiled materials that 600mm wide is provided on the outside of circular construction joint.
In one embodiment, the concrete layer 3 12 is cast-in-place water-proof concrete, and the waterproof layer 3 13 is HDPE
Self-adhesion high score subclass waterproof roll, the protective layer 3 14 are the high density polyphenyl of 240 thick brick walls or 50mm thickness, the side wall 3
Corner be provided with 50x50mm cement mortar chamfering, inner corner trim is the circular arc of radius 50mm, and outside is built 300mm high 240mm thickness and protected
Brick wall is protected, the protection brick wall and the waterproof layer 2 13 overlap at least 300mm.
With the aid of the technical scheme, pass through setting concrete layer 1, damp proof insulation layer 5, waterproof layer 1, puncture resistant layer 7, guarantor
Sheath 1, concrete layer 29, waterproof layer 2 10, protective layer 2 11, concrete layer 3 12, waterproof layer 3 13 and protective layer three
14, to guarantee that subway station has good waterproof performance, and then improve safety of the subway station when coming into operation in the later period
Property and stability, and then guarantee the good operation of the safety of subway.
According to an embodiment of the invention, additionally providing a kind of construction technology of waterproofing for subway station structure.
Include the following steps：
According to above-mentioned waterproofing for subway station structure, each raw material needed for preparing the waterproofing for subway station structure；
When the bottom plate 2 is constructed, it is first laid with concrete layer 29, is successively spread on the top for laying the concrete layer 29
It sets up defences water layer 2 10 and the protective layer 2 11, and pours the bottom plate 2 to the above 0.3m in armpit angle；
When the side wall 3 is constructed, it is first laid with the concrete layer 3 12, while the buried rubber water-proof in construction joint use
Band is poured to middle plate, with 1:2.5 cement mortar carry out interface to polish processing, the waterproof layer 3 13 are laid with, in the waterproof
3 13 outside of layer is laid with protective layer 3 14, then pours middle plate to the top plate 1, handles treatment of construction joints and interface；
The top plate 1 construct when, be first laid with the concrete layer 1, one 4 top of concrete layer be successively laid with every
Damp layer 5, the waterproof layer 1, the puncture resistant layer 7 and the protective layer 1, backfill.
In one embodiment, underground structure uses high performance concrete, and seepage-resistant grade is greater than P8；
Concrete uses dual mixing technology, and it is additional that the cracking resistances such as suitable high-quality coal ash powder and high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid are added
Agent；
Compact-type waterproofing agent is added in the component at certain position；
Concrete structural strength is greater than C35, and for maximum water-cement ratio less than 0.45, concrete raw material meets following requirements, glue
Gel material is greater than 320KG/m3；It, should be depending on experimental result when intensity requirement is high or underground water has aggressivity；
Sand coarse aggregate ratio is preferably 35%~40%, and pumping can rise to 45%；
Cement-sand ratio is preferably 1：1.5~1：2.5；
Cement amount is greater than 260KG/m3；
It seeps plus air entraining agent or air-entraining water-reducing agent, concrete 's air-containing should be controlled 3%~5%；
The concrete premixing presetting period is preferably 6~8h；
Various types of materials total alkali is less than 3KG in every cubic meter of concrete, and all kinds of additives are total in every cubic meter of concrete
Alkali content is less than 1KG；
Should by regulation strict control concrete in Cl- content, the content of maximum Cl- account for cementitious material specific gravity≤
0.06%；
The content of tricalcium aluminate should be lower than 8% in cement；
The maximum level of sulfur trioxide is less than the 4% of binder total amount；
When water-proof concrete uses ready-mixed concrete, enters to pump the slump and preferably control in 120~160mm, the slump is per hour
Penalty values are less than 20mm, and slump total losses value is less than 40mm；
Summer molding temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, when surface temperature of concrete and atmospheric temperature difference are greater than 20 DEG C, concrete table
It face must covering and heat insulating.
In one embodiment, circular construction joint spacing is preferably 1/4~1/3 across range, and the circumferential direction of composite wall structure is applied
Work, which seams, sets less than 24m, and should avoid underground water and the more section of crevice water；
Horizontal construction joint should not stay in the junction of shearing and moment of flexure maximum or plate and side wall, should stay in and be higher by base surface
At 300mm, when wall has reserving hole, construction joint is greater than 300mm away from hole edge；
, should be clean by its removing surface before circular construction joint casting concrete, then painted concrete interface treating agent or water
Mud based penetration crystallization type water proofing paint, and answer timely casting concrete；
Before horizontal construction joint casting concrete, should then its surface laitance and eliminating impurities be laid with net slurry or brushed mixed
The materials such as solidifying Soil Interface inorganic agent, cement based penetration crystallization type water proofing paint repave 30~50mm thick 1：2.5 cement mortar,
And answer timely casting concrete；
Water expandable waterstop should be closely connected with joint surface；Select water expandable waterstop that there should be expansion character, 7 days swollen
Swollen rate is less than the 60% of final expansion rate, and final expansion rate is greater than 220%；
The buried water stop or when built-in type Grouting Pipe in answers accurate positioning, solid and reliable；
Zinc-plated rubber watertight strip and water expandable waterstop and 600mm wide are two-sided together for setting in the middle part of longitudinal construction joint
One of rubber watertight strip of setting and water expandable waterstop from the middle part of a waterproof roll, circular construction joint；
600mm wide double-sided self-adhesive waterproof coiled materials are added on the outside of the construction joint of top plate 1, bottom plate 2 and side wall 3；
Circular construction joint adds one of polyurethane sealant on the outside of 1 position of top plate and separate type side wall 3；
At the underground space and service channel port connections, auxiliary waterproof layer should respectively close up, and use and its
The compatible auxiliary material in both sides is excessively linked；
The underground space and accessory structure excuse position construction joint use brushing cement-base infiltration crystallization water-repellent paint, twice
Sealing rod and Grouting Pipe sealing；
Waterstop position must place correctly, and each half, waterstop must be welded firmly construction joint in lap-joint up and down
Or bonding；
The first brushing cement-base infiltration crystallization water-repellent paint before pouring next stage concrete, construction joint should be adopted when pouring
Weak vibration is taken, vibrating head must not touch waterstop member, avoid the leakproofness of damage material.
In one embodiment, the built-in fitting in main structure should using pre-buried, built-in fitting end or preformed hole bottom
Concrete thickness is greater than 250mm, when thickness is less than 250mm, it is necessary to which part thickeies；
Waterproof layer in preformed hole, the structurally waterproof layer connection outside Ying Yukong.
In one embodiment, roof deformation seam is filled up completely bottom end using polyethylene and is blocked with sealant, and top uses
Simultaneously 20x20 polysulfide sealant is arranged in 20 foam rods of diameter, and seam outside uses 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof building materials, in
The middle waterstop with grouting tube is arranged in portion；
3 deformation joint of side wall is filled up completely bottom end and is blocked with sealant using polyethylene, top using external labeling type waterstop with
In waterproof layer bonding, and place 20 foam rods of diameter；Seam outside uses 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof building materials；Middle part
Middle waterstop with grouting tube is set；
2 deformation joint of bottom plate is filled up completely bottom end using polyethylene and is blocked with sealant, and top uses 20 foam rods of diameter simultaneously
20x20 polysulfide sealant is set, and places 20 foam rods of diameter, seam inside is built using 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof
The middle waterstop with grouting tube is arranged in material, middle part；
It changes when because of station structure, ground, basis or load, it is possible to create when biggish relative settlement, should be arranged
Deformation joint has track to be less than 5mm by place's modified difference in light and dark digging boundary, station and section boundary etc.；
It can be taken when necessary in responsible measures such as deformation joint setting shear connectors, it is ensured that the structure on deformation joint both sides does not generate
Influence the relative settlement of traffic safety and normal use；
Deformation joint, construction joint, built-in fitting, various structures the positions such as interface, be the weak link of waterproof, it is necessary to reinforce anti-
Water measure, while different assisted drainage measures can be also selected according to different structure type.
In one embodiment, to the basal plane requirement of laying waterproof roll：
The basal plane of laying waterproof roll is answered smooth, base treatment should be carried out before laying waterproof roll, using cement mortar
The method of plastering must not have sharp burr position on basal plane, avoid puncturing waterproof roll when casting concrete；
Otherwise base face must not should be cut off with the presence of protrusions such as iron pipe, steel pipe, iron wires from root, and throughout position
With cement mortar covering treatment, before waterproof roll is laid in segmentation, there must not be bright water on the base face of laying protection coiled material, otherwise
The construction of next procedure can be just carried out after the method for leak stopping should be taken to live water blocking；
The laying of waterproof roll, waterproof roll are fixed on stake or mat surface using mechanical Fixing Method, and fixed point is away from coiled material
At edge 2cm, pitch of nails is less than 50cm, and nail is long to be greater than 3cm, and waterproof roll is firmly fixed to substrate surface by tie spacer,
Washer diameter is greater than 2cm, avoids falling off when casting concrete；
Effective lap width of adjacent two width coiled material is 10cm, and nail hole position is covered, it is desirable that upper width pressure width carries out
Overlap joint, when overlap joint, the isolation film overlapped in range must be torn；
Waterproof roll on the corner, must be connected with special adhesive tape and be sealed；
After side wall waterproof roll applies, provisional mobile protection board should be set in assembling reinforcement, in order to avoid welded reinforcement
When waterproof roll it is impaired；
Basal plane requirement to coating waterproof layer；
The stomata of base, uneven, honeycomb, gap, dusting etc. should be repaired and smear processing, basal plane must completely, without laitance,
Without droplet, impermeable；
Before coating application, base's yin-yang angle should do in the arc-shaped, and inner corner trim diameter is preferably greater than 50mm, and external corner diameter is preferably greater than
10mm；
Coating water-proof, which goes out ground, to close up.
In conclusion by means of above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention, by the way that concrete layer 1, damp proof insulation layer 5, waterproof is arranged
Layer one 6, puncture resistant layer 7, protective layer 1, concrete layer 29, waterproof layer 2 10, protective layer 2 11, concrete layer 3 12, waterproof
Layer 3 13 and protective layer 3 14 to guarantee that subway station has good waterproof performance, and then improve subway station in the later period
Safety and stability when coming into operation, and then guarantee the good operation of the safety of subway.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure, which is characterized in that including top plate (1) and the bottom plate being located at below the top plate (1)
(2), two sides are provided with side wall (3) respectively between the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (2), wherein the top plate (1) includes
Concrete layer one (4), damp proof insulation layer (5), waterproof layer one (6), puncture resistant layer (7) and the protective layer one set gradually on lower
(8), the bottom plate (2) includes concrete layer two (9), waterproof layer two (10) and the protective layer two set gradually on lower
(11), the side wall (3) includes the concrete layer three (12), waterproof layer three (13) and protective layer three set gradually from outside to inside
(14)。
2. a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concrete layer one (4) is
Cast-in-place water-proof concrete, the damp proof insulation layer (5) are adhesive bitument primer, and the waterproof layer one (6) is the monocomponent polyurethane of 2.5mm thickness
Water-repellent paint, the puncture resistant layer (7) be 1.5mm thickness PVC, the protective layer one (8) with a thickness of 100mm microlith coagulation
Using along pressure mode when taking, the lap of splice is at least 1m for soil, the waterproof layer one (6) and the waterproof layer three (13) material, and
Polyurethane sealant is smeared between the waterproof layer one (6) and the waterproof layer three (13), while using the elongated aluminum strip pressure of 50x3
Paid mouth adds nail M8@200 to be fixed.
3. a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the concrete layer two (9) is
Cast-in-place water-proof concrete, the waterproof layer two (10) be HDPE Macromolecular self-adhesive membrane waterproof roll, thickness >=1.5mm and
HDPE layer thickness >=1.0mm, sizing material thickness 0.5mm, pea gravel concreten of the protective layer two (11) for 50mm thickness, intensity >=C20,
The position apart from the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (2) armpit angle 0.3m is respectively provided with circumferential construction on the side wall (3) and respectively
Seam, the circular construction joint are made of rubber watertight strip and sealing rod, are provided with 600mm wide on the outside of the circular construction joint
Double-sided self-adhesive waterproof coiled materials.
4. a kind of waterproofing for subway station structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the concrete layer three (12) is
Cast-in-place water-proof concrete, the waterproof layer three (13) are HDPE self-adhesion high score subclass waterproof roll, and the protective layer three (14) is
The high density polyphenyl of 240 thick brick walls or 50mm thickness, the corner of the side wall (3) are provided with 50x50mm cement mortar chamfering, yin
Angle is the circular arc of radius 50mm, and outside builds 300mm high 240mm thickness and protects brick wall, the protection brick wall and the waterproof layer two
(13) at least 300mm is overlapped.
5. a kind of construction technology of waterproofing for subway station structure, which is characterized in that for waterproofing for subway station described in claim 4
The production of structure, includes the following steps：
According to above-mentioned waterproofing for subway station structure, each raw material needed for preparing the waterproofing for subway station structure；
When the bottom plate (2) is constructed, concrete layer two (9) first are laid with, are laying the top of the concrete layer two (9) successively
It is laid with waterproof layer two (10) and the protective layer two (11), and pours the bottom plate (2) to the above 0.3m in armpit angle；
When the side wall (3) is constructed, it is first laid with the concrete layer three (12), while the buried rubber water-proof in construction joint use
Band is poured to middle plate, with 1:2.5 cement mortar carry out interface to polish processing, are laid with the waterproof layer three (13), described anti-
Protective layer three (14) are laid on the outside of water layer three (13), then pour middle plate to the top plate (1), treatment of construction joints and interface are carried out
Processing；
When the top plate (1) is constructed, it is first laid with the concrete layer one (4), is successively laid on concrete layer one (4) top
Damp proof insulation layer (5), the waterproof layer one (6), the puncture resistant layer (7) and the protective layer one (8), backfill.
6. a kind of construction technology of waterproofing for subway station structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that underground structure is adopted
With high performance concrete, seepage-resistant grade is greater than P8；
Concrete uses dual mixing technology, and the anti-crack additives such as suitable high-quality coal ash powder and high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid are added；
Compact-type waterproofing agent is added in the component at certain position；
Concrete structural strength is greater than C35, and for maximum water-cement ratio less than 0.45, concrete raw material meets following requirements, and be gelled material
Material is greater than 320KG/m3；It, should be depending on experimental result when intensity requirement is high or underground water has aggressivity；
Sand coarse aggregate ratio is preferably 35%~40%, and pumping can rise to 45%；
Cement-sand ratio is preferably 1：1.5~1：2.5；
Cement amount is greater than 260KG/m3；
It seeps plus air entraining agent or air-entraining water-reducing agent, concrete 's air-containing should be controlled 3%~5%；
The concrete premixing presetting period is preferably 6~8h；
Various types of materials total alkali is less than 3KG in every cubic meter of concrete, and all kinds of additive total alkalis contain in every cubic meter of concrete
Amount is less than 1KG；
Cementitious material specific gravity≤0.06% should be accounted for by the content of Cl- in regulation strict control concrete, the content of maximum Cl-；
The content of tricalcium aluminate should be lower than 8% in cement；
The maximum level of sulfur trioxide is less than the 4% of binder total amount；
When water-proof concrete uses ready-mixed concrete, enters to pump the slump and preferably control in 120~160mm, the slump is lost per hour
Value is less than 20mm, and slump total losses value is less than 40mm；
Summer molding temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, and when surface temperature of concrete and atmospheric temperature difference are greater than 20 DEG C, concrete surface must
It must covering and heat insulating.
7. a kind of construction technology of waterproofing for subway station structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that circular construction joint
Spacing is preferably 1/4~1/3 across range, and the circular construction joint setting of composite wall structure is less than 24m, and should avoid underground water and split
The more section of gap water；
Horizontal construction joint should not stay in the junction of shearing and moment of flexure maximum or plate and side wall, should stay in and be higher by base surface
At 300mm, when wall has reserving hole, construction joint is greater than 300mm away from hole edge；
, should be clean by its removing surface before circular construction joint casting concrete, then painted concrete interface treating agent or cement base
Penetration crystallization type water proofing paint, and answer timely casting concrete；
Before horizontal construction joint casting concrete, then its surface laitance and eliminating impurities should be laid with net slurry or painted concrete
The materials such as interface treating agent, cement based penetration crystallization type water proofing paint repave 30~50mm thick 1：2.5 cement mortar, and answer
Timely casting concrete；
Water expandable waterstop should be closely connected with joint surface；Select water expandable waterstop that should have expansion character, 7 days expansion rates
Less than the 60% of final expansion rate, final expansion rate is greater than 220%；
The buried water stop or when built-in type Grouting Pipe in answers accurate positioning, solid and reliable；
In the middle part of longitudinal construction joint setting together zinc-plated rubber watertight strip and water expandable waterstop and 600mm wide it is two-sided from
Waterproof roll, circular construction joint middle part one of rubber watertight strip of setting and water expandable waterstop；
600mm wide double-sided self-adhesive waterproof coiled materials are added on the outside of the construction joint of top plate (1), bottom plate (2) and side wall (3)；
Circular construction joint adds one of polyurethane sealant on the outside of top plate (1) position and separate type side wall (3)；
At the underground space and service channel port connections, auxiliary waterproof layer should respectively close up, and use and its both sides
Compatible auxiliary material is excessively linked；
The underground space and accessory structure excuse position construction joint use brushing cement-base infiltration crystallization water-repellent paint, twice sealing
Item and Grouting Pipe sealing；
Waterstop position must place correctly, and each half, waterstop firmly must be welded or be glued in lap-joint construction joint up and down
Knot；
The first brushing cement-base infiltration crystallization water-repellent paint before pouring next stage concrete, construction joint should be taken weak when pouring
Vibration, vibrating head must not touch waterstop member, avoid the leakproofness of damage material.
8. a kind of construction technology of waterproofing for subway station structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in main structure
Built-in fitting should be using pre-buried, the concrete thickness of built-in fitting end or preformed hole bottom is greater than 250mm, when thickness is less than
250mm, it is necessary to which part thickeies；
Waterproof layer in preformed hole, the structurally waterproof layer connection outside Ying Yukong.
9. a kind of construction technology of waterproofing for subway station structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that roof deformation seam
Bottom end being filled up completely using polyethylene to be blocked with sealant, top is using 20 foam rods of diameter and 20x20 polysulfide sealant is arranged,
Seam outside uses 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof building materials, and the middle waterstop with grouting tube is arranged in middle part；
Side wall (3) deformation joint is filled up completely bottom end using polyethylene and is blocked with sealant, and top is using external labeling type waterstop and prevents
In water layer bonding, and place 20 foam rods of diameter；Seam outside uses 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof building materials；Middle part is set
Set the middle waterstop with grouting tube；
Bottom plate (2) deformation joint is filled up completely bottom end using polyethylene and is blocked with sealant, and top is using 20 foam rods of diameter and sets
20x20 polysulfide sealant to be set, and places 20 foam rods of diameter, seam inside uses 4mm thickness double-sided self-adhesive modified asphalt waterproof building materials,
The middle waterstop with grouting tube is arranged in middle part；
It changes when because of station structure, ground, basis or load, it is possible to create when biggish relative settlement, deformation should be set
Seam has track to be less than 5mm by place's modified difference in light and dark digging boundary, station and section boundary etc.；
It can be taken when necessary in responsible measures such as deformation joint setting shear connectors, it is ensured that the structure on deformation joint both sides does not have an impact
The relative settlement of traffic safety and normal use；
Deformation joint, construction joint, built-in fitting, various structures the positions such as interface, be the weak link of waterproof, it is necessary to reinforce waterproof and arrange
It applies, while can also select different assisted drainage measures according to different structure type.
10. a kind of construction technology of waterproofing for subway station structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that anti-to laying
The basal plane requirement of water coiled material：
The basal plane of laying waterproof roll is answered smooth, base treatment should be carried out before laying waterproof roll, using cement sand plaster
Method, must not have sharp burr position on basal plane, avoid puncturing waterproof roll when casting concrete；
Otherwise base face must not should be cut off with the presence of protrusions such as iron pipe, steel pipe, iron wires from root, and throughout position water
Cement mortar covering treatment before waterproof roll is laid in segmentation, must not have bright water on the base face of laying protection coiled material, otherwise should adopt
The construction of next procedure can be just carried out after taking the method for leak stopping to live water blocking；
The laying of waterproof roll, waterproof roll are fixed on stake or mat surface using mechanical Fixing Method, and fixed point is away from coil edge
At 2cm, pitch of nails is less than 50cm, and nail is long to be greater than 3cm, and waterproof roll is firmly fixed to substrate surface, gasket by tie spacer
Diameter is greater than 2cm, avoids falling off when casting concrete；
Effective lap width of adjacent two width coiled material is 10cm, and nail hole position is covered, it is desirable that upper width pressure width is overlapped,
When overlap joint, the isolation film overlapped in range must be torn；
Waterproof roll on the corner, must be connected with special adhesive tape and be sealed；
After side wall waterproof roll applies, provisional mobile protection board should be set in assembling reinforcement, in order to avoid prevent when welded reinforcement
Water coiled material is impaired；
Basal plane requirement to coating waterproof layer；
The stomata of base, uneven, honeycomb, gap, dusting etc. should be repaired and smear processing, basal plane must completely, without laitance, anhydrous
It is pearl, impermeable；
Before coating application, base's yin-yang angle should do in the arc-shaped, and inner corner trim diameter is preferably greater than 50mm, and external corner diameter is preferably greater than 10mm；
Coating water-proof, which goes out ground, to close up.
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| CN110878700A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-13 | 福建鑫远建工有限公司 | Tunnel waterproof structure and construction method thereof |
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