CN108840964B - Tea saponin germanium complex, tea saponin germanium nanoparticles, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Tea saponin germanium complex, tea saponin germanium nanoparticles, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tea saponin germanium complex, which consists of 2 molecules of tea saponin, 1 germanium atom and 1 molecule of polyvinyl alcohol. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles containing the theasaponin germanium complex, which comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving the tea saponin in water with the mass being 15-30 times that of the tea saponin, adding amylase, and keeping the temperature at 35-55 ℃ for 4-12 hours; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate; (2) dissolving the precipitate with an ethanol water solution, adding a germanium dioxide aqueous solution with the mass of 2-5% of the precipitate and 5-20% of polyvinyl alcohol, and reacting at 55-65 ℃ for 8-10 h; (3) adjusting the pH value to 5-6 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure to evaporate ethanol, filtering with a 0.22-0.45 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying. The invention also discloses the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles and application thereof. The tea saponin germanium complex has the function of obviously enhancing the immune function and can be used for preparing immune regulation medicines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to tea saponin, and particularly relates to a tea saponin germanium complex, tea saponin germanium nanoparticles, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Hypoimmunity or immunodeficiency can lead to viral infection, tumor and various immune diseases. The immunity regulator can enhance or restore the immunity of normal human body. Common immunoregulation drugs comprise chemical drugs, biological agents and traditional Chinese medicine components, but most of the chemical drugs and the biological agents are passive immunity, and have more side effects; the traditional Chinese medicine has small side effect, but has slow effect, low potency, generally needs to be used for a long time and has higher price.
The tea saponin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound extracted from the tea seed oil extraction waste, and is low in price. The tea saponin has effect of enhancing immunity. However, the tea saponin has large molecular weight, is not easy to absorb, is easy to degrade in vivo and has poor stability.
Germanium is an important health-care trace element in human body, is discharged after being absorbed and staying in the body for several hours, and has no accumulated toxicity. Germanium has effects of dehydrogenating and enriching oxygen, scavenging oxygen free radicals in vivo, scavenging blood waste, enhancing immunity, resisting tumor, and regulating endocrine. However, compared with inorganic germanium, organic germanium has the characteristics of higher bioavailability and bioactivity, lower biotoxicity and the like, but natural organic germanium compounds are very few.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tea saponin germanium complex which can effectively reduce the biological toxicity of inorganic germanium, play the synergistic effect of tea saponin and germanium and enhance the immune function.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles, which has the advantages of good water solubility, easy absorption and high bioavailability.
The invention also aims to provide the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles prepared by the preparation method.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tea saponin germanium complex has the following structure:
wherein n is 100 to 600.
A preparation method of theasaponin germanium nanoparticles containing the theasaponin germanium complex comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving the tea saponin in water with the mass being 15-30 times that of the tea saponin, adding amylase, and keeping the temperature at 35-55 ℃ for 4-12 hours; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate;
(2) dissolving the precipitate with an ethanol water solution, adding a germanium dioxide aqueous solution with the mass of 2-5% of the precipitate and 5-20% of polyvinyl alcohol, and reacting at 55-65 ℃ for 8-10 h;
(3) adjusting the pH value to 5-6 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure to evaporate ethanol, filtering with a 0.22-0.45 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying to obtain theasaponin germanium nanoparticles.
The addition amount of the amylase in the step (1) is 500-5000U of the amylase added into every 100g of the tea saponin.
The volume fraction of the ethanol water solution in the step (2) is 70-85%, and the addition amount of the ethanol water solution is 10-20 mL/g of the liquid-solid ratio of the ethanol water solution to the precipitate.
And (3) the mass fraction of germanium dioxide in the germanium dioxide alkali solution in the step (2) is 5-10%.
The germanium dioxide alkali solution in the step (2) comprises germanium dioxide and sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, wherein the molar ratio of the germanium dioxide to the sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is 1 (1-2).
The molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol in the step (2) is 17000-100000 Da.
The reduced pressure concentration condition in the step (3) is 0.01-0.1 MPa, the temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the time is 1-3 h; the temperature of the vacuum drying is 40-60 ℃, and the drying time is 8-10 h.
The theasaponin germanium nanoparticles prepared by the preparation method are provided.
The application of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles is used for preparing an immunoregulation medicament for enhancing immunologic functions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the invention hydrolyzes the tea saponin by a biological enzyme method to obtain the saponin with small molecular weight and removed glycosyl, so that the biological activity of the saponin is further enhanced.
(2) The tea saponin organic germanium can effectively reduce the biotoxicity of inorganic germanium, exert the synergistic effect of the tea saponin and the germanium and enhance the immunologic function.
(3) The tea saponin organic germanium nano-particles have good water solubility, easy absorption and high bioavailability.
(4) The preparation process is simple, the reaction condition is mild, and the industrial production is convenient.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
(1) Dissolving 1kg of tea saponin in 30kg of water, adding 50000U of amylase, and keeping the temperature at 35 ℃ for 8 h; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate;
(2) dissolving 100g of precipitate with 2L of 70% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 2g of 10% germanium dioxide aqueous solution (molar ratio of germanium dioxide to sodium hydroxide is 1:1) and 5g of polyvinyl alcohol (molecular weight is 17000Da, n is approximately equal to 100), and reacting at 55 ℃ for 10 h;
(3) adjusting pH to 5 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure at 0.01MPa and 50 deg.C for 1 hr to remove ethanol, filtering with 0.22 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying at 60 deg.C for 8 hr to obtain theasaponin germanium nanoparticles 104 g.
Example 2
(1) Dissolving 1kg of tea saponin in 15kg of water, adding 5000U of amylase, and keeping the temperature at 55 ℃ for 4 h; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate;
(2) dissolving 100g of precipitate with 1L of 85% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 5g of 5% germanium dioxide aqueous solution (molar ratio of germanium dioxide to potassium hydroxide is 1:2) and 10g of polyvinyl alcohol (molecular weight is 51000Da, n is approximately equal to 300), and reacting at 65 ℃ for 8 h;
(3) adjusting pH to 6 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure at 0.1MPa and 70 deg.C for 3 hr to remove ethanol, filtering with 0.45 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 10 hr to obtain theasaponin germanium nanoparticles 109 g.
Example 3
(1) Dissolving 1kg of tea saponin in 20kg of water, adding 20000U of amylase, and keeping the temperature at 45 ℃ for 12 h; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate;
(2) dissolving 100g of precipitate with 1.5L of 80% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 3g of 8% germanium dioxide aqueous solution (molar ratio of germanium dioxide to sodium hydroxide is 1:1) and 20g of polyvinyl alcohol (molecular weight is 34000Da, n is approximately equal to 200), and reacting at 55 ℃ for 10 h;
(3) adjusting pH to 6 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure at 0.02MPa and 60 deg.C for 2 hr to remove ethanol, filtering with 0.3 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 9 hr to obtain theasaponin germanium nanoparticles 117 g.
Example 4
(1) Dissolving 1kg of tea saponin in 17kg of water, adding 10000U of amylase, and keeping the temperature at 40 ℃ for 10 h; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate;
(2) dissolving 100g of precipitate with 1L of 76% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 4g of 12% germanium dioxide alkali solution (molar ratio of germanium dioxide to potassium hydroxide is 1:2) and 8g of polyvinyl alcohol (molecular weight is 100000Da, n is approximately equal to 600), and reacting at 65 ℃ for 9 h;
(3) adjusting pH to 5.5 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure at 0.04MPa and 65 deg.C for 2 hr to remove ethanol, filtering with 0.4 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying at 55 deg.C for 10 hr to obtain theasaponin germanium nanoparticles 107 g.
Example 5
(1) Dissolving 1kg of theasaponin in 22kg of water, adding 40000U of amylase, and keeping the temperature at 48 ℃ for 6 h; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate;
(2) dissolving 100g of precipitate with 1.4L of 78% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 2.5g of 6.5% germanium dioxide alkali solution (molar ratio of germanium dioxide to sodium hydroxide is 1:1.5) and 15g of polyvinyl alcohol (molecular weight is 58000Da, n is approximately equal to 400), and reacting at 58 ℃ for 9.5 h;
(3) adjusting pH to 5.7 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure at 0.02MPa and 60 deg.C for 2.5 hr to remove ethanol, filtering with 0.22 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying at 60 deg.C for 8 hr to obtain theasaponin germanium nanoparticles 114 g.
Example 6
(1) Dissolving 1kg of tea saponin in 27kg of water, adding 30000U of amylase, and keeping the temperature at 39 ℃ for 11 h; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate;
(2) dissolving 100g of precipitate with 1.3L of 82% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 4.5g of 9% germanium dioxide aqueous solution (molar ratio of germanium dioxide to potassium hydroxide is 1:1.2) and 12g of polyvinyl alcohol (molecular weight is 85000Da, n is approximately equal to 500), and reacting at 58 ℃ for 10 h;
(3) adjusting pH to 5.8 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure at 0.01MPa and 55 deg.C for 3 hr to remove ethanol, filtering with 0.45 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C for 10 hr to obtain tea saponin germanium nanoparticles 111 g.
Example 7
Taking 10g of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles of examples 1-6, mixing with 30g of a mixture of starch, lactose and crystalline cellulose in a ratio of 7:2:1 and 1% of magnesium stearate uniformly, and preparing into tablets by a tablet machine.
Example 8
Taking 10g of the tea saponin germanium nanoparticles prepared in the examples 1-6, adding 30g of medicinal starch, uniformly mixing, performing wet granulation, adjusting with ethanol, loosening the prepared particles, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, and drying in the air. Drying, and encapsulating to obtain capsule containing the sasanquasaponin derivative.
Test 1:
particle size and structure characterization of theasaponin germanium nanoparticles prepared in examples 1-6
The method comprises the following steps: after the tea saponin germanium nanoparticles prepared in the examples 1 to 6 are dispersed in water, the particle size of the tea saponin germanium nanoparticles is measured by a Malvern nanometer particle size analyzer; preparing 1mg/mL sample solution by using DMSO as a solvent, and scanning by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer; preparing a KBr sheet, and performing infrared spectrum scanning; each constituent element was analyzed.
As a result: the average particle diameters of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles prepared in examples 1-6 are 174nm, 203nm, 264nm, 186nm, 235nm and 214nm, respectively. Ultraviolet scanning shows that characteristic peaks of the tea saponin are subjected to red shift; the infrared spectrum shows that the peak of aldehyde group of the complex (1721 cm)-1) Disappeared and is 793cm-1A new broad peak is added, and the peak is a stretching vibration peak for bonding germanium and oxygen, which indicates Ge4 +And the coordination reaction is carried out with the aldehyde group of the sasanquasaponin. The element analysis result shows that the proportion of the tea saponin, the germanium atoms and the polyvinyl alcohol is 2:1:1, and the tea saponin has the following structure:
wherein n is 100 to 600.
And (3) testing 2:
10g of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles of examples 1-6 are dissolved in 1000mL of polysorbate, and the solution is filled into a small bottle to prepare an injection.
The tea saponin germanium nanoparticles have a remarkable immunoregulation effect, and are proved by the following experiments:
the experiment on the immunoregulation effect of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles on the mice with low immunity comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: 100 mice with the weight of 20 +/-2 g are randomly divided into a normal control group, a model group, a tea saponin germanium nanoparticle high-low dose group in example 1, tea saponin germanium nanoparticle groups in examples 2-6 and a tea saponin group, wherein each group comprises 10 mice. After cyclophosphamide (80mg/kg) is injected into abdominal cavities of mice in the model group and the drug group, the corresponding drugs are infused into stomach of each experimental group, the thymus and spleen are separated after cervical vertebra death for 1 time and 7 days continuously every day and 8 days, and the thymus index and the spleen index are calculated after weighing. Thymus or spleen index ═ weight (thymus or spleen weight)/body weight.
Taking spleen aseptically, separating single spleen cell, and regulating cell concentration to 1 × 10 with RPMI 1640 culture solution7one/mL. 5% CO at 37 ℃2The cells were cultured in an incubator for 72 hours, and the optical density (OD value) was measured at a wavelength of 570nm by an enzyme-labeling instrument according to the MTT method. The proliferation potency of lymphocytes was expressed by subtracting the OD value of the wells without ConA (concanavalin A, 10. mu.g/mL). The difference between the administered group and the control group was compared.
As a result: compared with normal control, the thymus index, the spleen index and the lymphoproliferation capacity of the model group are obviously reduced, but the administration group is obviously enhanced, and the effect is better than that of the tea saponin bulk drug. The tea saponin germanium nanoparticles have better immune enhancement effect. The results are shown in Table 1.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
2. A method for preparing theasaponin germanium nanoparticles comprising the theasaponin germanium complex of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) dissolving the tea saponin in water with the mass being 15-30 times that of the tea saponin, adding amylase, and keeping the temperature at 35-55 ℃ for 4-12 hours; standing for layering, and collecting precipitate;
(2) dissolving the precipitate with an ethanol water solution, adding a germanium dioxide aqueous solution with the mass of 2-5% of the precipitate and 5-20% of polyvinyl alcohol, and reacting at 55-65 ℃ for 8-10 h;
(3) adjusting the pH value to 5-6 with hydrochloric acid, concentrating under reduced pressure to evaporate ethanol, filtering with a 0.22-0.45 μm filter membrane, and vacuum drying to obtain theasaponin germanium nanoparticles.
3. The preparation method of tea saponin germanium nanoparticles according to claim 2, wherein the amylase in step (1) is added in an amount of 500-5000U per 100g of tea saponin.
4. The preparation method of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution in the step (2) is 70-85%, and the addition amount is such that the liquid-solid ratio of the ethanol aqueous solution to the precipitate is (10-20) mL/g.
5. The preparation method of theasaponin germanium nanoparticles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass fraction of germanium dioxide in the germanium dioxide alkali solution in step (2) is 5-10%.
6. The preparation method of theasaponin germanium nanoparticles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the germanium dioxide alkali solution in step (2) comprises germanium dioxide and sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, wherein the molar ratio of germanium dioxide to sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is 1 (1-2).
7. The preparation method of theasaponin germanium nanoparticles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol in step (2) is 17000-100000 Da.
8. The preparation method of the theasaponin germanium nanoparticles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reduced pressure concentration condition in the step (3) is 0.01-0.1 MPa, the temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the time is 1-3 h; the temperature of the vacuum drying is 40-60 ℃, and the drying time is 8-10 h.
9. A theasaponin germanium nanoparticle prepared by the method for preparing a theasaponin germanium nanoparticle of any one of claims 2 to 8.
10. Use of theasaponin germanium nanoparticles as claimed in claim 9 for the preparation of an immunomodulatory drug to enhance immune function.
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Citations (4)
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KR101438022B1 (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-09-05 | 박만조 | Germanium ginseng and method for producing the same |
CN104059123A (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2014-09-24 | 苏州大学 | Camellia saponin compound, preparation method and application thereof and antitumor drug prepared from same |
CN105461781A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 华南理工大学 | Tea sapogenin zinc complex and preparation method as well as use thereof |
CN107635561A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-01-26 | 株式会社爱茉莉太平洋 | Contain composition of the theasapogenol derivative as active component |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101438022B1 (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-09-05 | 박만조 | Germanium ginseng and method for producing the same |
CN104059123A (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2014-09-24 | 苏州大学 | Camellia saponin compound, preparation method and application thereof and antitumor drug prepared from same |
CN107635561A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-01-26 | 株式会社爱茉莉太平洋 | Contain composition of the theasapogenol derivative as active component |
CN105461781A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 华南理工大学 | Tea sapogenin zinc complex and preparation method as well as use thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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