CN108832893B - Photovoltaic module turn-off device, turn-off control method and intelligent module - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module turn-off device, turn-off control method and intelligent module Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than a voltage threshold value, the energy storage module and the one-way conduction circuit continue to provide electric energy for the driving module, so that the shutdown device is ensured not to be immediately powered off but continues to be conducted for a period of time after the photovoltaic module is undervoltage; meanwhile, after the output voltage of the photovoltaic module becomes low, the controller controls the control switch to be continuously conducted for a preset time. Therefore, the photovoltaic module can be detected to be scanned from an open-circuit voltage state to a short-circuit current state, namely, a complete IV curve of the photovoltaic module is detected; simultaneously, in the application, photovoltaic module is under-voltage or after the electricity does not have, and the turn-off device can not turn off immediately, but continues to switch on for a period of time, avoids photovoltaic module hiccup's phenomenon to take place repeatedly, improves photovoltaic system's stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic module turn-off device, a turn-off control method and an intelligent module.
Background
The photovoltaic power generation technology is widely applied as a renewable energy power generation technology, and a photovoltaic array outputs direct current which is converted into alternating current by an inverter and then transmitted to a power grid. The voltage of the series photovoltaic array is very high, and the photovoltaic system can be quickly turned off in order to improve the safety of the photovoltaic system. The current technical solution is to add a quick turn-off device or an intelligent junction box with a turn-off function in each photovoltaic module.
As shown in fig. 1, the device mainly comprises a power module 1, a sampling module 2, a controller 3, a driving module 4 and a control switch 5, wherein the power module 1 gets electricity from two ends of a photovoltaic module, and the sampling module 2 collects the voltage of the photovoltaic module in real time and transmits the voltage to the controller 3; the control switch 5 is connected in series in a power loop of the photovoltaic module, the controller 3 can output a control signal for controlling the on/off of the control switch 5 according to the control logic, the control signal is transmitted to the driving module 4, and the driving module 4 controls the on/off of the control switch 5 according to the received control signal; when the photovoltaic module works normally, the control switch 5 is controlled to be conducted, and the photovoltaic module outputs electric energy normally; when the photovoltaic module is turned off, the control switch 5 is controlled to be switched off, the photovoltaic module outputs and is switched off, and the output voltage is 0, so that the safety protection function of the photovoltaic module is realized.
On one hand, the turn-off device and the components are integrated together to form an intelligent component, and the IV curve detection is needed when the intelligent component leaves a factory so as to determine the voltage, the current, the power and other parameters of the intelligent component. When detecting the IV curve, usually, an external device is connected to the output terminal of the intelligent component, the intelligent component is continuously adjusted by a load, the intelligent component is scanned from an open-circuit voltage state to a short-circuit current state, and various electrical parameters of each scanning point are recorded. The shutdown device needs to shut down protection when under-voltage, and the shutdown device closes output when scanning a low-voltage section, and at the moment, external equipment cannot detect low-voltage section data of the photovoltaic module, especially cannot detect very important short-circuit current parameters.
On the other hand, a plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected in series to generate power in the photovoltaic system, when one photovoltaic module is shielded, the output power of the photovoltaic module is insufficient, and the voltage is reduced even to 0V to enter a bypass mode. After the turn-off device is added, the turn-off device takes electricity from the photovoltaic module, and once the photovoltaic module is under-voltage or is out of power, the control switch of the turn-off device is disconnected. Afterwards, because the control switch disconnection, photovoltaic module can resume open-circuit voltage immediately, and control system can reclosing control switch, is equivalent to the on-load start this moment, and in the closure twinkling of an eye, the subassembly voltage is pulled down in the twinkling of an eye and is led to undervoltage shutdown once more, so relapse, photovoltaic module hiccups promptly, and this will seriously influence photovoltaic system's stability.
As can be seen from the above, the existing turn-off device cannot meet the requirement of intelligent component IV curve detection, and meanwhile, the system easily causes hiccups in the application process, so that the stability of the photovoltaic system is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module shutdown device, a shutdown control method, and an intelligent module, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing photovoltaic module shutdown device cannot meet IV curve detection, and meanwhile, hiccups are easily caused in a use process. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module turn-off device, comprising: the device comprises a power supply module, a control module, a driving module, a control switch, an energy storage module and a one-way conduction circuit;
the input end of the power supply module is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic module, and the output end of the power supply module provides electric energy for other modules in the photovoltaic module turn-off device;
the unidirectional conduction circuit is connected in series with the front stage of the energy storage module and is used for preventing the energy storage module from releasing electric energy to one side of the photovoltaic assembly when the unidirectional conduction circuit is cut off;
the energy storage module is connected in front of the driving module in parallel and used for providing electric energy for the modules connected behind the energy storage module when the voltage on the energy storage module is greater than the output voltage of the photovoltaic assembly;
the control module is used for outputting a conduction control signal for controlling the conduction of the control switch within a preset time length when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is detected to be smaller than a voltage threshold value;
and the driving module is used for driving the control switch to be conducted according to the conduction control signal output by the control module.
Optionally, the positive electrode of the energy storage module is connected to the power supply end of the driving module, and the negative electrode of the energy storage module is connected to the ground end;
the positive pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply module, and the negative pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the positive pole of the energy storage module.
Optionally, the positive electrode of the energy storage module is connected to the power supply terminals of the control module and the driving module, and the negative electrode of the energy storage module is connected to the ground terminal;
the positive pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply module, and the negative pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the positive pole of the energy storage module.
Optionally, the unidirectional conducting circuit is connected in series to the input end of the power module, and a negative electrode of the unidirectional conducting circuit is connected to the input end of the power module;
the positive pole of the energy storage module is connected between the negative pole of the unidirectional conduction circuit and the input end of the power supply module, and the negative pole of the energy storage module is connected with the grounding end.
Optionally, the controller is specifically configured to:
and when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the voltage threshold, timing is started, a conduction control signal for controlling the conduction of the control switch is output, and when the timing duration is smaller than the preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is equal to or larger than the voltage threshold, timing is cleared.
Optionally, the controller is further configured to:
and when the timing duration is equal to or greater than the preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is still less than the voltage threshold, outputting a turn-off control signal for controlling the turn-off of the control switch.
Optionally, the energy storage module comprises at least one capacitor.
Optionally, the unidirectional conducting circuit is a diode;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the unidirectional conduction circuit comprises a switch tube, the first end of the switch tube is the anode of the unidirectional conduction circuit, the second end of the switch tube is the cathode of the unidirectional conduction circuit, the control end of the switch tube is connected with the output end of the control module, and when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the switch tube is controlled to be switched off;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the unidirectional conduction circuit comprises a relay, a first contact of the relay is an anode of the unidirectional conduction circuit, a second contact of the relay is a cathode of the unidirectional conduction circuit, a coil is connected with an output end of the control module, and when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the first contact and the second contact are controlled to be disconnected;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the unidirectional conduction circuit comprises a photoelectric coupler, the input end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the output end of the control module, the first output end of the unidirectional conduction circuit is the positive pole of the unidirectional conduction circuit, the second output end of the unidirectional conduction circuit is the negative pole of the unidirectional conduction circuit, and when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the first output end and the second output end are controlled to be disconnected.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for controlling turn-off of a photovoltaic module, which is applied to a device for turning off a photovoltaic module according to any one of possible implementation manners of the first aspect, where the method includes:
acquiring the output voltage of the photovoltaic module;
and when the output voltage is smaller than the voltage threshold, controlling the control switch to be continuously conducted for a preset time.
Optionally, when the output voltage is smaller than the voltage threshold, controlling the control switch to continue to be turned on for a preset time period includes:
when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the voltage threshold, timing is started and a conduction control signal for controlling the conduction of the control switch is output;
when the timing duration is less than the preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is equal to or greater than the voltage threshold, resetting the timing;
and when the timing duration is equal to or greater than the preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is still less than the voltage threshold, outputting a turn-off control signal for controlling the turn-off of the control switch.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides an intelligent component, which includes a photovoltaic component and the shutdown device described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
The application provides a photovoltaic module turn-off device, including power module, control module, drive module, control switch, energy storage module and one-way switch-on circuit. The energy storage module is connected to the front stage of the driving module, and when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the voltage on the energy storage module, the energy storage module provides electric energy for the driving module; the unidirectional conduction circuit is connected to the front stage of the energy storage module, is conducted when the energy storage module stores energy, and is cut off when the output voltage of the photovoltaic assembly is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, so that the energy storage module is prevented from releasing energy to the side of the photovoltaic assembly. When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the voltage threshold, the control module controls the control switch to be continuously conducted for a preset time; when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage threshold value, the photovoltaic module turn-off device continues to provide electric energy for the driving module through the energy storage module and the one-way conduction circuit, and ensures that the turn-off device cannot be immediately powered off after the photovoltaic module is undervoltage but continues to be conducted for a preset time. Therefore, the photovoltaic module can be detected to be scanned from an open-circuit voltage state to a short-circuit current state, namely, a complete IV curve of the photovoltaic module is detected; simultaneously, in the application, photovoltaic module is under-voltage or after the electricity does not have, and the turn-off device can not turn off immediately, but continues to switch on for a period of time, avoids photovoltaic module hiccup's phenomenon to take place repeatedly, improves photovoltaic system's stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a shutdown device of a conventional photovoltaic module;
fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of another photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a photovoltaic module turn-off control method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of main parameters in an IV curve measurement process of a photovoltaic module with a turn-off device provided by an embodiment of the application;
fig. 6 is a schematic waveform diagram of main parameters when a photovoltaic module with a shutdown device provided by an embodiment of the application is shielded.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2a, a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module turn-off device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, in which an energy storage module and a unidirectional conducting circuit are disposed between a power module and a driving module.
As shown in fig. 2a, the turn-off device includes a power module 110, a control module 120, a driving module 130, a control switch 140, an energy storage module 150 and a unidirectional conducting circuit 160;
the input end of the power module 110 is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic module, and the power module 110 provides electric energy for other modules (such as a control module and a driving module) in the shutdown device.
The energy storage module 150 is connected between the power module 110 and the driving module 130; the unidirectional conducting circuit 160 is connected in series between the power module 110 and the energy storage module 150, wherein a positive electrode of the unidirectional conducting circuit 160 is connected to the output end of the power module 110, and a negative electrode of the unidirectional conducting circuit 160 is connected to the energy storage module 150.
When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is higher than the voltage of the energy storage module 150, the unidirectional conducting circuit 160 is conducted, and at this time, the electric energy output by the power module 110 is transmitted to the energy storage module 150 to store energy for the energy storage module 150. When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is less than the voltage of the energy storage module 150, the unidirectional conduction circuit 160 is turned off, the energy storage module 150 releases the released energy and transmits the released energy to the rear-stage driving module 130, and the unidirectional conduction circuit 160 is turned off to prevent the electric energy of the energy storage module 150 from being transmitted to the photovoltaic module side, so that the voltage of the energy storage module 150 is prevented from being rapidly lowered, the driving module 130 is continuously supplied with power within a period of time, and the required electric energy is provided for the conduction of the control switch 160.
In fig. 2a, the energy storage module 150 is represented by a capacitor and the unidirectional conducting circuit is represented by a diode. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the energy storage module 150 and the unidirectional conducting circuit may also adopt other implementations.
The charge consumption required to keep the conventional control switch 140 (e.g., MOSFET, etc.) on is low, basically the quiescent current of the circuit, so the load on the energy storage module 150 is low, and therefore, a small capacitance can keep the control switch 140 on for a long time.
A control module 120 for outputting a control signal for controlling the on/off of the control switch 140 according to the output voltage of the photovoltaic module; when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the voltage threshold, the control module 120 controls the control switch 140 to be turned on continuously for a preset time.
The voltage threshold may be set according to a parameter of the control switch, for example, a cut-off voltage of the control switch.
In one embodiment of the present application, the control module 120 includes a sampling module for collecting an output voltage of the photovoltaic module and providing the output voltage to the controller, and a controller for controlling an on/off state of the control switch according to the voltage collected by the sampling module.
Specifically, when detecting that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the voltage threshold, the control module 120 continues to output the conduction control signal for conducting the control switch 140 within the preset time period to transmit to the driving module 130, and the driving module 130 drives the control switch 140 to conduct according to the conduction control signal.
As shown in fig. 2b, in another embodiment of the present application, the positive electrode of the energy storage module 150 is connected to the power supply terminals of the driving module 130 and the control module 120, and the negative electrode is connected to the ground terminal; the unidirectional circuit 160 has a positive electrode connected to the output terminal of the power module 110 and a negative electrode connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage module 160. In this embodiment, when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module 150, the unidirectional conducting circuit 160 is turned off, and the energy storage module 150 supplies power to the subsequent control module 120 and the driving module 130, so that the driving module 130 drives the control switch 140 to be continuously conducted for a preset time.
In other alternative embodiments of the present application, the unidirectional conducting circuit may be implemented as follows:
1) diode with a high-voltage source
The anode of the diode is the anode of the one-way conducting circuit, the cathode of the diode is the cathode of the one-way conducting circuit, and when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the diode is cut off to prevent the electric energy of the energy storage module from flowing to the side of the photovoltaic module;
2) switch tube
The first end and the second end of the switch tube are respectively used as the anode and the cathode of the one-way conduction circuit, and the control end of the switch tube is connected with the output end of the control module. The switch tube may be a MOSFET, a triode, etc.
The S pole of the NMOS tube is the positive pole of the unidirectional conduction circuit, the D pole is the negative pole of the unidirectional conduction circuit, and the G pole is connected with the output end of the control module; and when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is less than the voltage of the energy storage module, the NMOS tube is controlled to be turned off.
A PNP type triode is adopted, wherein an emitter of the triode is the positive pole of the one-way conducting circuit, a collector of the triode is the negative pole of the one-way conducting circuit, and a base of the triode is connected with the output end of the control module. And when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is less than the voltage of the energy storage module, the triode is controlled to be turned off.
3) Relay with a movable contact
Two contacts of the relay, namely a first contact and a second contact are respectively used as a positive end and a negative end of the one-way conduction circuit, and the coil is connected with the output end of the control module. When the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic assembly is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the first contact and the second contact are controlled to be disconnected, and the electric energy of the energy storage unit is prevented from flowing to the side of the photovoltaic assembly.
4) Photoelectric coupler
The input end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with two output ends of the control module, namely the first output end and the second output end are respectively the positive end and the negative end of the one-way conduction circuit, and when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the first output end of the photoelectric coupler and the device of the second output end connector are controlled to be disconnected, so that the electric energy of the energy storage unit is prevented from flowing to the side of the photovoltaic module.
According to the photovoltaic module turn-off device provided by the embodiment, when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage threshold, the energy storage module and the one-way conduction circuit continue to provide electric energy for the driving module, so that the turn-off device is ensured not to be immediately powered off but continues to be conducted for a period of time after the photovoltaic module is undervoltage; meanwhile, after the output voltage of the photovoltaic module becomes low, the controller controls the control switch to be continuously conducted for a preset time. Therefore, the photovoltaic module can be detected to be scanned from an open-circuit voltage state to a short-circuit current state, namely, a complete IV curve of the photovoltaic module is detected; simultaneously, in the application, photovoltaic module is under-voltage or after the electricity does not have, and the turn-off device can not turn off immediately, but continues to switch on for a period of time, avoids photovoltaic module hiccup's phenomenon to take place repeatedly, improves photovoltaic system's stability.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of another shutdown device of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, and the present embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in fig. 2a in that an energy storage module and a unidirectional conducting circuit are disposed at a front stage of a power module.
As shown in fig. 3, the turn-off device includes a power module 210, a control module 220, a driving module 230, a control switch 240, an energy storage module 250, and a unidirectional conducting circuit 260. The functions of these modules are the same as those of the modules with the same names in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, and are not described again.
As shown in fig. 3, the energy storage module 250 is connected in parallel to the input terminal of the power module 210, the unidirectional conducting circuit 260 is connected in series to the input terminal of the power module 210, and the negative pole of the unidirectional conducting circuit 260 is connected to the input terminal of the power module 210. The anode of the energy storage module 250 is connected between the cathode of the unidirectional conducting circuit 260 and the input terminal of the power supply module 210, and the cathode of the energy storage module is connected to the ground terminal.
When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is higher than the voltage of the energy storage module 250, the unidirectional conduction circuit 260 is conducted, and the photovoltaic module charges the energy storage module 250, that is, the energy storage module 250 stores energy; when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module 250, the unidirectional conducting circuit 260 is turned off, the energy storage module 250 releases energy to the power module 210 at the subsequent stage, and then the energy on the power module 210 is transmitted to the driving module 230. The one-way conduction circuit 260 is turned off to prevent the electric energy in the energy storage module 250 from being transmitted to the photovoltaic module, so as to prevent the voltage in the energy storage module 250 from being rapidly lowered, and continuously supply power to the driving module 230 for a period of time, thereby providing electric energy for the conduction of the control switch 240.
When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage threshold, the photovoltaic module turn-off device provided by the embodiment continues to supply power to the power module at the later stage through the energy storage module and the one-way conduction circuit, so as to supply electric energy to the driving module, and ensure that the turn-off device does not power off immediately after the photovoltaic module is undervoltage, but continues to be turned on for a period of time; meanwhile, after the output voltage of the photovoltaic module becomes low, the controller controls the control switch to be continuously conducted for a preset time. Therefore, the photovoltaic module can be detected to be scanned from an open-circuit voltage state to a short-circuit current state, namely, a complete IV curve of the photovoltaic module is detected; simultaneously, in the application, photovoltaic module is under-voltage or after the electricity does not have, and the turn-off device can not turn off immediately, but continues to switch on for a period of time, avoids photovoltaic module hiccup's phenomenon to take place repeatedly, improves photovoltaic system's stability.
On the other hand, the application also provides an intelligent assembly which comprises the photovoltaic assembly and the turn-off device in the embodiment.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the photovoltaic module turn-off device, the application also provides an embodiment of a photovoltaic module turn-off control method.
Referring to fig. 4, a flowchart of a photovoltaic module shutdown control method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the method is applied to a control module in the photovoltaic module shutdown control apparatus, and as shown in fig. 4, the method may include the following steps:
and S110, acquiring the output voltage of the photovoltaic module.
The control module comprises a sampling module and a controller, wherein the sampling module collects the output voltage of the photovoltaic module and provides the output voltage for the controller.
S120, judging whether the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than a voltage threshold value; if the voltage is less than the voltage threshold, executing S130; if not, the process returns to S110.
And S130, controlling the control switch to be continuously conducted for a preset time.
In one embodiment of the application, when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than a voltage threshold, timing is started and a conduction control signal for controlling the conduction of the control switch is output; and when the timing duration is less than the preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is equal to or greater than the voltage threshold, resetting the timing. And when the timing time is equal to or longer than the preset time and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is still smaller than the voltage threshold, outputting a turn-off control instruction for controlling the turn-off of the control switch.
According to the photovoltaic module turn-off control method provided by the embodiment, when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage threshold, the energy storage module and the one-way conduction circuit continue to supply power to the power module at the later stage, so that electric energy is provided for the driving module, and the turn-off device is ensured not to be immediately powered off but continues to be conducted for a period of time after the photovoltaic module is undervoltage; meanwhile, after the output voltage of the photovoltaic module becomes low, the control switch is controlled to be continuously conducted for a preset time. Therefore, the photovoltaic module can be detected to be scanned from an open-circuit voltage state to a short-circuit current state, namely, a complete IV curve of the photovoltaic module is detected; simultaneously, in the application, photovoltaic module is under-voltage or after the electricity does not have, and the turn-off device can not turn off immediately, but continues to switch on for a period of time, avoids photovoltaic module hiccup's phenomenon to take place repeatedly, improves photovoltaic system's stability.
Two application scenarios of the photovoltaic module turn-off device will be described below:
an application scenario: measurement of IV Curve
Assume that the IV detection device scans from an open-circuit voltage state (40V) to a short-circuit current state (0V) of the photovoltaic module, the voltage threshold Uth is 8V, and the preset time period T _ delay is 10 ms.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing waveforms of main parameters in an IV curve measurement process of a photovoltaic module with a turn-off device provided by an embodiment of the application;
time period t 0-t 1: the photovoltaic module works normally, and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is an open-circuit voltage, such as 40V;
time period t 1-t 2: the first phase of the IV measurement is performed, where the scan voltage of the IV detection device is gradually decreased from an open circuit voltage state (e.g., 40V) and the scan voltage is decreased to a brown-out point (e.g., 8V).
time period t 2-t 4: the output voltage of the photovoltaic module during this time period is always less than 8V. When the scanning voltage is reduced to be lower than 8V, the turn-off device detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than 8V, timing is started, and meanwhile, the controller can output a turn-on control signal for controlling the turn-on of the control switch in the time period; due to the existence of the energy storage module and the one-way conduction circuit, the voltage of the power supply circuit of the turn-off device slowly decreases but is not undervoltage, namely the turn-off device can normally work; therefore, the driving module can control the control switch to be always conducted in the period according to the conducting control signal. When the timing duration reaches 10ms, the controller controls the control switch to be switched off. Here, time t3 is when the scan voltage is 0.
10ms is enough for the IV detection equipment to scan the parameter of the interval that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is reduced from 8V to 0V. It can be seen that this method is capable of measuring the complete IV curve of the smart component.
Another application scenario is as follows: the photovoltaic component is shielded
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic waveform diagram of main parameters of a photovoltaic module with a shutdown device provided by an embodiment of the present application when the photovoltaic module is blocked is shown. In this embodiment, the voltage threshold Uth is 8V, and the preset time period T _ delay is 20 ms.
Before the time t1, the photovoltaic module normally works, and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is the open-circuit voltage Voc;
in the period from t1 to t2, the photovoltaic module is shielded, such as floating clouds, tree shadows, impurities, dust and the like, so that the output power of the photovoltaic module is insufficient, and the output voltage is rapidly reduced to 8V;
a time period (20ms) from t2 to t4, starting from the time t2, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than 8V, timing is started from t2, and meanwhile, the controller outputs a conduction control signal for controlling the conduction of the control switch in the time period; meanwhile, due to the existence of the energy storage module and the one-way conduction circuit, the voltage of the power supply circuit of the turn-off device slowly decreases but is not undervoltage, namely, the turn-off device can normally work in the period; therefore, the driving module can control the control switch to be always conducted in the period according to the conducting control signal.
Theoretically, timing is started from the time t2, the time 20ms can be counted to the time t4, for short-time shielding, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is gradually restored to 8V (time t 3) after a short time, at the moment, the timer is cleared, the control switch is kept on all the time, and shutdown protection is not performed. Thereby avoid an instantaneous short-time undervoltage, make the turn-off device drop into photovoltaic module smoothly, reduce the hiccup number of times, improved photovoltaic system's stability.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the invention.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The steps in the method of the embodiments of the present application may be sequentially adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs.
The modules and sub-modules in the device and the terminal in the embodiments of the application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed terminal, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described terminal embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of a module or a sub-module is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when the terminal is actually implemented, for example, a plurality of sub-modules or modules may be combined or integrated into another module, or some features may be omitted or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The modules or sub-modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts that are modules or sub-modules may or may not be physical modules or sub-modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network modules or sub-modules. Some or all of the modules or sub-modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, each functional module or sub-module in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module or sub-module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules or sub-modules may be integrated into one module. The integrated modules or sub-modules may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional modules or sub-modules.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photovoltaic module shutdown device, comprising: the device comprises a power supply module, a control module, a driving module, a control switch, an energy storage module and a one-way conduction circuit;
the input end of the power supply module is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic module, and the output end of the power supply module provides electric energy for other modules in the photovoltaic module turn-off device;
the unidirectional conduction circuit is connected in series with the front stage of the energy storage module and is used for preventing the energy storage module from releasing electric energy to one side of the photovoltaic assembly when the unidirectional conduction circuit is cut off;
the energy storage module is connected in front of the driving module in parallel and used for providing electric energy for the modules connected behind the energy storage module when the voltage on the energy storage module is greater than the output voltage of the photovoltaic assembly;
the control module is configured to: when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than a voltage threshold, timing is started, a conduction control signal for controlling the conduction of the control switch is output, and when the timing duration is smaller than a preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is equal to or larger than the voltage threshold, timing is cleared;
the driving module is used for driving the control switch to be conducted according to the conduction control signal output by the control module, and the photovoltaic module can be detected to scan from an open-circuit voltage state to a short-circuit current state.
2. A turn-off device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anode of the energy storage module is connected to the power supply terminal of the driving module, and the cathode is connected to the ground terminal;
the positive pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply module, and the negative pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the positive pole of the energy storage module.
3. A turn-off device according to claim 1, wherein the anode of the energy storage module is connected to the power supply terminals of the control module and the driving module, and the cathode is connected to the ground terminal;
the positive pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply module, and the negative pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the positive pole of the energy storage module.
4. A switch-off device according to claim 1, wherein the one-way conduction circuit is connected in series with the input terminal of the power module, and the negative pole of the one-way conduction circuit is connected with the input terminal of the power module;
the positive pole of the energy storage module is connected between the negative pole of the unidirectional conduction circuit and the input end of the power supply module, and the negative pole of the energy storage module is connected with the grounding end.
5. A turn-off device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control module is further adapted to:
and when the timing duration is equal to or greater than the preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is still less than the voltage threshold, outputting a turn-off control signal for controlling the turn-off of the control switch.
6. A switch-off device according to claim 1, characterised in that the energy storage module comprises at least one capacitor.
7. A switch-off device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said unidirectional conducting circuit is a diode;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the unidirectional conduction circuit comprises a switch tube, the first end of the switch tube is the anode of the unidirectional conduction circuit, the second end of the switch tube is the cathode of the unidirectional conduction circuit, the control end of the switch tube is connected with the output end of the control module, and when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the switch tube is controlled to be switched off;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the unidirectional conduction circuit comprises a relay, a first contact of the relay is an anode of the unidirectional conduction circuit, a second contact of the relay is a cathode of the unidirectional conduction circuit, a coil is connected with an output end of the control module, and when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the first contact and the second contact are controlled to be disconnected;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the unidirectional conduction circuit comprises a photoelectric coupler, the input end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the output end of the control module, the first output end of the unidirectional conduction circuit is the positive pole of the unidirectional conduction circuit, the second output end of the unidirectional conduction circuit is the negative pole of the unidirectional conduction circuit, and when the control module detects that the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is lower than the voltage of the energy storage module, the first output end and the second output end are controlled to be disconnected.
8. A photovoltaic module shutdown control method applied to the photovoltaic module shutdown device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
acquiring the output voltage of the photovoltaic module;
when the output voltage is smaller than the voltage threshold, controlling the control switch to be continuously conducted for a preset time to ensure that the photovoltaic module can be detected to scan from an open-circuit voltage state to a short-circuit current state;
when the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is smaller than the voltage threshold, timing is started and a conduction control signal for controlling the conduction of the control switch is output;
and when the timing duration is less than the preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is equal to or greater than the voltage threshold, resetting the timing.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein controlling the control switch to continue conducting for a preset duration when the output voltage is less than a voltage threshold comprises:
and when the timing duration is equal to or greater than the preset duration and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is still less than the voltage threshold, outputting a turn-off control signal for controlling the turn-off of the control switch.
10. An intelligent assembly, comprising a photovoltaic assembly, and a turn-off device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN109474020B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2024-01-23 | 无锡硅动力微电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent shutdown system and method for photovoltaic module |
| CN109980690B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2022-02-18 | 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 | Control method of component shutoff device and component shutoff device |
| CN110299727A (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-01 | 海宁昱能电子有限公司 | A kind of component switching off device and photovoltaic generating system safety system |
| CN110661296A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-07 | 合肥阳光新能源科技有限公司 | Shutdown system, device and method of photovoltaic module and readable storage medium |
| CN111817666A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-10-23 | 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 | Circuit applied to intelligent management of photovoltaic module and starting method thereof |
| CN111864802B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2022-05-24 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic system direct current side power electronic equipment and testing system and control method thereof |
| CN114123735A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-01 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Series-parallel converter protection system, controller and converter |
| CN111934352B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-01 | 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 | Photovoltaic system, control method of turn-off device of photovoltaic system and switch control device |
| CN113489052A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 | Control method and device for turn-off equipment and turn-off equipment |
| CN114336622A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 | Shutdown controller and control method, system and device thereof |
| CN117411160B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-04-16 | 江苏天合清特电气有限公司 | Energy storage power supply system, method and energy storage system |
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