CN109474020B - Intelligent shutdown system and method for photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Intelligent shutdown system and method for photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN109474020B CN109474020B CN201910019911.1A CN201910019911A CN109474020B CN 109474020 B CN109474020 B CN 109474020B CN 201910019911 A CN201910019911 A CN 201910019911A CN 109474020 B CN109474020 B CN 109474020B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and relates to an intelligent shutdown system of a photovoltaic module, which comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules, wherein the output ends of the photovoltaic modules are connected with intelligent junction boxes, the output ends of the intelligent junction boxes are sequentially connected in series, the photovoltaic modules are sequentially connected in series through the intelligent junction boxes to form a photovoltaic module string, and the output ends of the photovoltaic module string are connected with an intelligent triggering device and are connected with a photovoltaic inverter through the intelligent triggering device; the intelligent turn-off system consists of an intelligent junction box arranged at each photovoltaic module end and an intelligent triggering device arranged in a main loop of the photovoltaic module string, and the intelligent turn-off system can cut off the output voltage of each photovoltaic module in the intelligent turn-off photovoltaic system in abnormal states of fire disaster, maintenance, installation and maintenance and the like of the photovoltaic system by detecting the current and the voltage of the main loop, so that the high voltage of the photovoltaic module string is cut off, the safety of personnel entering the photovoltaic power station is ensured, and the intelligent turn-off system has high commercial value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent shutdown system and a method thereof, in particular to an intelligent shutdown system and a method thereof for a photovoltaic module, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules.
Background
In a photovoltaic system, a conventional photovoltaic module is connected to a diode junction box, which only plays a role in freewheeling, to output voltage and current. The single photovoltaic modules are connected in series to form a photovoltaic module string, and the positive voltage of the photovoltaic module string can reach hundreds of volts and then is connected to a combiner box or an inverter through a photovoltaic cable. When a fire disaster or other faults occur, the insulating layer of the photovoltaic cable or the photovoltaic module is possibly damaged, the conductive part is exposed in the environment, the electric leakage danger occurs, the electric leakage danger is difficult to check, and when a firefighter or a maintenance person contacts with the electric leakage point, the electric shock danger is very easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an intelligent shutdown system and a method thereof for a photovoltaic module, wherein the intelligent shutdown system consists of an intelligent junction box arranged at each photovoltaic module end and an intelligent triggering device arranged in a main loop of a photovoltaic module string, and the output voltage of each photovoltaic module in the intelligent shutdown system can cut off the high voltage of the photovoltaic module string in the abnormal states of fire disaster, maintenance, installation and maintenance and the like of the photovoltaic system by detecting the current and the voltage of the main loop, so that the safety of personnel entering a photovoltaic power station is ensured, and the intelligent shutdown system has high commercial value.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a photovoltaic module intelligence turn-off system, includes a plurality of photovoltaic module, its characterized in that, photovoltaic module's output is connected with intelligent terminal box, and the output of a plurality of intelligent terminal box concatenates in proper order, and a plurality of photovoltaic module concatenates in proper order through intelligent terminal box and constitutes the photovoltaic module cluster, the output and the intelligent trigger device of photovoltaic module cluster are connected, are connected with photovoltaic inverter through intelligent trigger device simultaneously.
Further, the intelligent junction box comprises a follow current diode Dn-3, a follow current diode Dn-2, a follow current diode Dn-1, a follow current diode Dn-4, an intelligent turn-off chip U1, a switch tube Qn-1, a resistor Rn-1 and a resistor Rn-2, wherein the follow current diode Dn-3, the follow current diode Dn-2 and the follow current diode Dn-1 are sequentially connected in series, the positive electrode of the follow current diode Dn-3 is a reverse output end PVn-of the intelligent junction box and is simultaneously connected with the intelligent turn-off chip U1, the negative electrode of the follow current diode Dn-1 is connected with the drain electrode of the switch tube Qn-1 and is simultaneously connected with the intelligent turn-off chip U1, the grid electrode of the switch tube Qn-1 is connected with one end of the resistor Rn-1, the other end of the resistor Rn-1 is a forward output end PVn+ of the intelligent junction box, and both ends of the resistor Rn-1 are simultaneously connected with the intelligent turn-off chip U1; the positive output end PVn+ of the intelligent junction box is connected with the negative electrode of the follow current diode Dn-4, the positive electrode of the follow current diode Dn-4 is connected with one end of a resistor Rn-2, the other end of the resistor Rn-2 is connected with the negative output end PVn-of the intelligent junction box, and meanwhile, both ends of the resistor Rn-2 are connected with an intelligent turn-off chip U1; where n is the number of photovoltaic modules, n=1, 2, 3 … ….
Further, the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic module sub-strings which are connected in series, anodes of the free-wheeling diode Dn-3, the free-wheeling diode Dn-2 and the free-wheeling diode Dn-1 are respectively connected with cathodes of the photovoltaic module sub-strings, and cathodes of the free-wheeling diode Dn-3, the free-wheeling diode Dn-2 and the free-wheeling diode Dn-1 are respectively connected with anodes of the photovoltaic module sub-strings.
Further, the intelligent triggering device comprises a load maintaining circuit, a voltage detection circuit, a current detection circuit, a high-voltage power supply, an isolation transformer T1, an auxiliary power supply, a man-machine interaction interface, a time service chip and a main control MCU, wherein power frequency alternating current is connected to the input end of the isolation transformer T, the output end of the isolation transformer T is connected to the input end of the high-voltage power supply, the output end of the high-voltage power supply is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic module string, meanwhile, the output end of the isolation transformer T is connected with the input end of the auxiliary power supply, the output end of the auxiliary power supply is respectively connected with the load maintaining circuit, the voltage detection circuit, the current detection circuit, the man-machine interaction interface, the time service chip and the main control MCU, and the load maintaining circuit, the voltage detection circuit and the current detection circuit are respectively connected with the output ends of the photovoltaic module string, and the main control MCU is respectively connected with the load maintaining circuit, the voltage detection circuit, the current detection circuit, the high-voltage power supply, the man-machine interaction interface and the time service chip.
In order to further achieve the technical purpose, the invention also provides an intelligent shutdown method of the photovoltaic module, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, inputting power frequency alternating current at the input end of an isolation transformer T, enabling a high-voltage power supply and an auxiliary power supply to be powered through the isolation transformer T, and supplying power to the whole intelligent triggering device through the auxiliary power supply;
the voltage detection circuit and the current detection circuit in the intelligent triggering device detect the voltage and the current of the output end of the photovoltaic module string, the time service chip is used for judging whether the photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic module string is in a daytime period, and the master control MCU judges whether the photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic module string works normally according to signals fed back by the voltage detection circuit, the current detection circuit and the time service chip;
step three, when the voltage and the current detected by the voltage detection circuit and the current detection circuit are zero, the photovoltaic module is not operated;
meanwhile, when the time service chip judges that the time service chip is in a daytime period, the main control MCU controls the high-voltage power supply to output high-voltage pulse current I RV Otherwise, the main control MCU controls the high-voltage power supply not to output high-voltage pulse current I RV ；
Fourth, the high-voltage pulse current I RV The output ends PV+ injected into the photovoltaic module strings respectively flow into a plurality of intelligent junction boxes;
step five, an intelligent turn-off chip U1 in the intelligent junction box detects the voltage at two ends of a resistor Rn-1, when detecting that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the current flows into the photovoltaic module, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 triggers the channel of a switching tube Qn-1 to be conducted so that the current flows into the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module works normally until a photovoltaic inverter is started, and the pulse current drops to zero;
step six, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 detects that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the current direction is that the current flows out of the photovoltaic module, the channel of the switch tube Qn-1 is kept to be continuously conducted, so that the working current I is caused PV The photovoltaic module flows out of the grid-connected power generation system and flows into the photovoltaic inverter to perform grid-connected power generation;
and step seven, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 does not detect that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the specified time t1 is continued, the turn-off of the switching tube Qn-1 is controlled, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is cut off, and at the moment, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is in a standby state.
Further, in the seventh step, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 continuously does not detect that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 within the specified t1 time period, it indicates that the high-voltage power supply fails to trigger or the photovoltaic module is blocked or the photovoltaic inverter pauses working;
a. if the photovoltaic module is not shielded and the whole shutdown system does not receive the forced shutdown signal, the failure of triggering of the high-voltage power supply or the suspension of the photovoltaic inverter is indicated, and the master control MCU controls the high-voltage power supply to output the high-voltage pulse current I again RV Until the photovoltaic module works normally;
b. if the photovoltaic module is shielded, thenThe photovoltaic module cannot provide the working current I required by the photovoltaic module string PV The intelligent turn-off chip U1 detects that current flows through the resistor Rn-2 and the photovoltaic module string current I PV The freewheeling current flows from the branch where the freewheeling diode Dn-4 is located and flows into other photovoltaic modules, and the intelligent shutdown chip U1 is in the hiccup mode.
Further, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is in the hiccup mode, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 restarts to open a channel of the switching tube Qn-1 every fixed time t 0;
at this time, if the shielding of the photovoltaic module is eliminated, the current is switched from flowing through the freewheeling diode Dn-4 to flowing through the photovoltaic module;
at this time, if the shielding of the photovoltaic module is partially removed; the photovoltaic module sub-string is connected with the flywheel diode Dn-3 in parallel, and current sequentially flows through the flywheel diode Dn-2 and the flywheel diode Dn-1; the sub-strings of the photovoltaic component connected in parallel with the freewheeling diode Dn-3 and the freewheeling diode Dn-2 are all conducted, and current flows through the freewheeling diode Dn-1 to form a conducting path;
at this time, if shielding of the photovoltaic module still exists, current flows through the freewheeling diode Dn-4, the working voltage of the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is clamped to-1V, and the intelligent turn-off chip U1 enters an under-voltage protection working mode; and then the switching tube Qn-1 is turned off again, the hiccup working mode is carried out again after the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is recovered to work, the circulation is repeated, and the hiccup working mode is stopped after the current is switched to the photovoltaic module.
In the fifth step, the intelligent junction box and the photovoltaic module are subjected to high-voltage pulse current I RV After triggering and conducting, the device is used for maintaining the working current I of the photovoltaic module string PV The load maintaining circuit is turned on, and the load maintaining circuit is turned off to stop working after the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the grid for power generation.
Furthermore, the man-machine interaction interface in the intelligent triggering device is used as an active triggering mode, the daily working time period and the triggering pulse current value information of the intelligent triggering device can be set, a one-key off button is further arranged on the interaction interface, and when the one-key off button is triggered, the intelligent triggering device stops working.
Further, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 directly takes electricity from the photovoltaic module, and supplies power to the detection module, the driving module, the protection module and the logic control module in the chip after the electricity is converted by the conversion circuit in the chip; the intelligent turn-off chip U1 has the functions of temperature detection and protection, current detection and protection and voltage detection and protection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) The intelligent junction box is used for leading out the current of the main loop of the photovoltaic module, and the intelligent turn-off chip in the intelligent junction box is used for detecting the current of the photovoltaic module, so that the triggering conduction or current leading-out of the photovoltaic module is realized;
2) The intelligent triggering device can detect the main loop circuit of the photovoltaic module in real time, and trigger the photovoltaic module to be conducted by controlling the high-voltage power supply through the main control MCU;
3) According to the invention, the mode of detecting the current and the voltage of the main loop is adopted, and under abnormal conditions of fire disaster, maintenance, installation and maintenance and the like of the photovoltaic system, the output voltage of each photovoltaic module in the intelligent shutdown photovoltaic system can be cut off, so that the high-voltage output of the photovoltaic string is cut off, the safety of personnel entering the photovoltaic power station is ensured, and the intelligent shutdown photovoltaic system has high commercial value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the intelligent junction box according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the intelligent triggering apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the current flow of the high voltage power supply triggering the conduction of the photovoltaic module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of current flow of the photovoltaic module blocked intelligent junction box freewheels according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the current flow of the photovoltaic module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the current flow of the load maintaining circuit of the intelligent triggering apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: the device comprises a 1-photovoltaic module, a 2-intelligent junction box, a 3-intelligent triggering device, a 31-load maintaining circuit, a 32-voltage detection circuit, a 33-current detection circuit, a 34-high-voltage power supply, a 35-auxiliary power supply, a 36-man-machine interaction interface, a 37-time service chip, a 38-main control MCU, a 4-photovoltaic inverter and a 5-photovoltaic module string.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following specific drawings and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, where n=3, taking 3 photovoltaic modules as an example for explanation, a photovoltaic module intelligent shutdown system includes 3 photovoltaic modules 1, where output ends of each photovoltaic module 1 are connected with an intelligent junction box 2, output ends of the 3 intelligent junction boxes 2 are sequentially connected in series (i.e., PV 1-and PV2+, PV 2-and PV3+, respectively), the 3 photovoltaic modules 1 are sequentially connected in series through the intelligent junction boxes 2 to form a photovoltaic module string 5, and output ends pv+ (i.e., PV 1+), PV- (i.e., PV 3-) of the photovoltaic module string 5 are connected with an intelligent triggering device 3, and are simultaneously connected with a photovoltaic inverter 4 through the intelligent triggering device 3;
as shown in fig. 2, when n=1, the intelligent junction box 2 includes a freewheeling diode D1-3, a freewheeling diode D1-2, a freewheeling diode D1-1, a freewheeling diode D1-4, a diode D1-5, an intelligent turn-off chip U1, a switch tube Q1-1, a resistor R1-1, and a resistor R1-2, where the freewheeling diode D1-3, the freewheeling diode D1-2, and the freewheeling diode D1-1 are sequentially connected in series, the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D1-3 is a reverse output terminal PV 1-of the intelligent junction box 2, and is simultaneously connected to a fourth pin of the intelligent turn-off chip U1, the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode D1-1 is connected to a drain electrode of the switch tube Q1-1, and is simultaneously connected to a first pin of the intelligent turn-off chip U1 through the diode D1-5, and is simultaneously grounded through a capacitor C1, the gate of the switch tube Q1-1 is simultaneously connected to a first pin of the intelligent turn-off chip U1 and is connected to a second pin of the intelligent turn-off chip U1, and is simultaneously connected to a second pin of the intelligent turn-off chip R1 through the resistor R1-1; the positive output end PV < 1+ > of the intelligent junction box 2 is connected with the negative electrode of a follow current diode D1-4, the positive electrode of the follow current diode D1-4 is connected with one end of a resistor R1-2 and is simultaneously connected with the 7 th pin of an intelligent turn-off chip U1, and the other end of the resistor R1-2 is connected with the reverse output end PV < 1 > -of the intelligent junction box 2 and is simultaneously connected with the 6 th pin of the intelligent turn-off chip U1; the 2 nd pin, the 3 rd pin, the 8 th pin, the 9 th pin and the 12 th to 14 th pins of the intelligent turn-off chip U1 are all suspended;
the photovoltaic module 1 comprises a plurality of photovoltaic module sub-strings which are connected in series, the anodes of the free-wheeling diode D1-3, the free-wheeling diode D1-2 and the free-wheeling diode D1-1 are respectively connected with the cathodes of the photovoltaic module sub-strings, and the cathodes of the free-wheeling diode D1-3, the free-wheeling diode D1-2 and the free-wheeling diode D1-1 are respectively connected with the anodes of the photovoltaic module sub-strings;
as shown in fig. 3, the intelligent triggering device 3 includes a load maintaining circuit 31, a voltage detecting circuit 32, a current detecting circuit 33, a high voltage power supply 34, an isolation transformer T1, an auxiliary power supply 35, a man-machine interaction interface 36, a time service chip 37, and a main control MCU38, the power frequency alternating current is connected to the input end of the isolation transformer T1, the output end of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to the input end of the high voltage power supply 34, the output end of the high voltage power supply 34 is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic module string 5, meanwhile, the output end of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to the input end of the auxiliary power supply 35, the output end of the auxiliary power supply 35 is respectively connected to the load maintaining circuit 31, the voltage detecting circuit 32, the current detecting circuit 33, the man-machine interaction interface 36, the time service chip 37, and the main control MCU38, the load maintaining circuit 31, the voltage detecting circuit 32, the current detecting circuit 33 are respectively connected to the output end of the photovoltaic module string 5, and the main control MCU38 is respectively connected to the load maintaining circuit 31, the voltage detecting circuit 32, the current detecting circuit 33, the high voltage detecting circuit 34, the man-machine interaction interface 36, and the time service chip 37.
In the embodiment 1 of the invention, the SMART off chip U1 is selected as a smart_IC, and can directly take electricity from the photovoltaic module 1, and after being converted by the internal conversion circuit of the chip, the SMART off chip U1 supplies power to the detection module, the driving module, the protection module and the logic control module in the chip; meanwhile, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 has the functions of temperature detection and protection, current detection and protection and voltage detection and protection;
the isolation transformer T1 is used for power frequency alternating current input and mainly used for isolating the intelligent triggering device 3 from a power grid and transmitting electric energy to the intelligent triggering device 3 through the isolation transformer T1;
the main control MCU38 is of a model STM32F103TB, and the auxiliary power supply 35 provides working voltage for a circuit module of the intelligent triggering device 3 and is an AC-DC power supply; the timing chip 37 is a CME6005, and controls the high-voltage power supply 34 to supply the trigger pulse current I to the photovoltaic module string 5 for several times only during daytime RV Will be in standby state at night without light, and will not provide trigger pulse current I RV 。
The intelligent shutdown method for the photovoltaic module in the above embodiment 1 includes the following steps:
step one, inputting power frequency alternating current at the input end of an isolation transformer T1, enabling a high-voltage power supply 34 and an auxiliary power supply 35 to be powered through the isolation transformer T1, and supplying power to the whole intelligent triggering device 3 through the auxiliary power supply 35;
step two, the voltage detection circuit 32 and the current detection circuit 33 in the intelligent triggering device 3 detect the voltage and the current of the output end of the photovoltaic module string 5, the time service chip 37 is used for judging whether the photovoltaic module string 5 is in a daytime period, and the main control MCU38 judges whether the photovoltaic module 1 in the photovoltaic module string 5 works normally according to signals fed back by the voltage detection circuit 32, the current detection circuit 33 and the time service chip 37;
step three, when the voltage and current detected by the voltage detection circuit 32 and the current detection circuit 33 are zero, the photovoltaic module 1 is not operated;
meanwhile, when the timing chip 37 judges that the time is in the daytime, the main control MCU38 controls the high-voltage power supply 34 to output high-voltage pulse current I RV Otherwise, the main control MCU38 controls the high voltage power supply 34 not to output the high voltage pulse current I RV ；
Step four, as shown in FIG. 4, the high voltage pulse current I RV Injection into a cavityThe output ends PV+ of the photovoltaic module strings 5 respectively flow into a plurality of intelligent junction boxes 2;
the intelligent turn-off chip U1 directly takes electricity from the photovoltaic module 1, and supplies power to a detection module, a driving module, a protection module and a logic control module in the chip after the electricity is converted by a conversion circuit in the chip; the intelligent turn-off chip U1 has a temperature detection and protection function, a current detection and protection function and a voltage detection and protection function;
step five, an intelligent turn-off chip U1 in the intelligent junction box 2 detects the voltage at two ends of a resistor Rn-1, when detecting that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the current direction is that the current flows into the photovoltaic module 1, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 triggers the channel of a switching tube Qn-1 to be conducted so that the current flows into the photovoltaic module 1, the photovoltaic module 1 works normally until a photovoltaic inverter 5 is started, and the pulse current drops to zero;
as shown in fig. 7, the intelligent junction box 2 and the photovoltaic module 1 are subjected to high-voltage pulse current I RV After triggering and conducting, the device is used for maintaining the working current I of the photovoltaic module string 5 PV The load maintaining circuit 31 of the photovoltaic inverter 5 is turned on, and after grid-connected power generation is performed, the load maintaining circuit 31 is turned off to stop working;
step six, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 detects that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the current direction is that the current flows out of the photovoltaic module 1, the channel of the switch tube Qn-1 is kept to be continuously conducted, so that the working current I is caused PV The photovoltaic power flows out of the photovoltaic module 1 and flows into the photovoltaic inverter 5 to perform grid-connected power generation;
step seven, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 does not detect that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the specified time t1 is continued, the turn-off of the switching tube Qn-1 is controlled, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module 1 is cut off, and at the moment, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is in a standby state;
when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 continuously does not detect that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 within the specified t1 time period, the triggering failure of the high-voltage power supply 34 is indicated, or the photovoltaic module 1 is blocked or the photovoltaic inverter 4 stops working; when the grid-connected voltage is too high or too low, the photovoltaic inverter 4 can automatically cut off power supply;
a. if the photovoltaic module 1 is not shielded and the whole shutdown system is not shieldedWhen the forced turn-off signal is received, it indicates that the high voltage power supply 34 fails to trigger or the photovoltaic inverter 4 is in a halt state, and the main control MCU38 controls the high voltage power supply 34 to output the high voltage pulse current I again RV Until the photovoltaic module 1 works normally;
as shown in fig. 5, if the photovoltaic module 1 is blocked, the photovoltaic module 1 cannot provide the working current I required by the photovoltaic module string 5 PV The intelligent turn-off chip U1 detects that current flows through the resistor Rn-2 and the current I of the photovoltaic module string 5 PV Freewheeling the branch where the freewheeling diode D1-4 is located, and flowing into other photovoltaic modules 1, wherein the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is in a hiccup mode;
when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is in the hiccup mode, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 restarts to open a channel of the switching tube Qn-1 every fixed time t 0;
as shown in fig. 6, if the shielding of the photovoltaic module 1 is eliminated, the current is switched from flowing through the freewheeling diode Dn-4 to flowing through the photovoltaic module 1, and the photovoltaic module 1 works normally;
at this time, if the shielding of the photovoltaic module 1 is partially eliminated; the photovoltaic module sub-string is connected with the flywheel diode Dn-3 in parallel, and current sequentially flows through the flywheel diode Dn-2 and the flywheel diode Dn-1; the sub-strings of the photovoltaic component connected in parallel with the freewheeling diode Dn-3 and the freewheeling diode Dn-2 are all conducted, and current flows through the freewheeling diode Dn-1 to form a conducting path;
at this time, if shielding of the photovoltaic module 1 still exists, current flows through the freewheeling diode Dn-4, the working voltage of the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is clamped to-1V, and the intelligent turn-off chip U1 enters an under-voltage protection working mode; and then the switching tube Qn-1 is turned off again, the hiccup working mode is carried out again after the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is recovered to work, the circulation is repeated, and the hiccup working mode is stopped after the current is switched to the photovoltaic module 1.
The man-machine interaction interface 36 in the intelligent triggering device 3 is used as an active triggering mode, the daily working time period and triggering pulse current value information of the intelligent triggering device 3 can be set, a one-key off button is further arranged on the interaction interface, and when the one-key off button is triggered, the intelligent triggering device 3 stops working everything.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the actual construction is not limited to the embodiments of the invention as shown in the drawings. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An intelligent shutdown method for a photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the intelligent turn-off system for the photovoltaic modules comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules (1), wherein the output ends of the photovoltaic modules (1) are connected with intelligent junction boxes (2), the output ends of the intelligent junction boxes (2) are sequentially connected in series, the photovoltaic modules (1) are sequentially connected in series through the intelligent junction boxes (2) to form a photovoltaic module string (5), the output ends of the photovoltaic module string (5) are connected with an intelligent triggering device (3), and meanwhile, the photovoltaic module string is connected with a photovoltaic inverter (4) through the intelligent triggering device (3);
the intelligent junction box (2) comprises a follow current diode Dn-3, a follow current diode Dn-2, a follow current diode Dn-1, a follow current diode Dn-4, an intelligent turn-off chip U1, a switch tube Qn-1, a resistor Rn-1 and a resistor Rn-2, wherein the follow current diode Dn-3, the follow current diode Dn-2 and the follow current diode Dn-1 are sequentially connected in series, the positive pole of the follow current diode Dn-3 is a reverse output end PVn-of the intelligent junction box (2) and is simultaneously connected with the intelligent turn-off chip U1, the negative pole of the follow current diode Dn-1 is simultaneously connected with the drain electrode of the switch tube Qn-1 and is simultaneously connected with the intelligent turn-off chip U1, the grid electrode of the switch tube Qn-1 is connected with one end of the intelligent turn-off chip U1, the source electrode of the resistor Rn-1 is a positive output end PVn+ of the intelligent junction box (2), and both ends of the resistor Rn-1 are simultaneously connected with the intelligent turn-off chip U1; the positive output end PVn+ of the intelligent junction box (2) is connected with the negative electrode of the freewheeling diode Dn-4, the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode Dn-4 is connected with one end of the resistor Rn-2, the other end of the resistor Rn-2 is connected with the negative output end PVn-of the intelligent junction box (2), and meanwhile, both ends of the resistor Rn-2 are connected with the intelligent turn-off chip U1; wherein n is the number of photovoltaic modules, n=1, 2, 3 … …;
the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic module sub-strings which are connected in series, the anodes of the free-wheeling diode Dn-3, the free-wheeling diode Dn-2 and the free-wheeling diode Dn-1 are respectively connected with the cathodes of the photovoltaic module sub-strings, and the cathodes of the free-wheeling diode Dn-3, the free-wheeling diode Dn-2 and the free-wheeling diode Dn-1 are respectively connected with the anodes of the photovoltaic module sub-strings;
the intelligent triggering device (3) comprises a load maintaining circuit (31), a voltage detection circuit (32), a current detection circuit (33), a high-voltage power supply (34), an isolation transformer T1, an auxiliary power supply (35), a man-machine interaction interface (36), a time service chip (37) and a main control MCU (38), wherein power frequency alternating current is connected to the input end of the isolation transformer T1, the output end of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to the input end of the high-voltage power supply (34), the output end of the high-voltage power supply (34) is connected with the output end of the photovoltaic module string (5), meanwhile, the output end of the isolation transformer T1 is connected with the input end of the auxiliary power supply (35), the output end of the auxiliary power supply (35) is respectively connected with the load maintaining circuit (31), the voltage detection circuit (32), the current detection circuit (33), the man-machine interaction interface (36), the time service chip (37) and the main control MCU (38), the load maintaining circuit (31), the voltage detection circuit (32) and the output end of the current detection circuit (33) are respectively connected with the output end of the photovoltaic module string (5;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, inputting power frequency alternating current into the input end of an isolation transformer T1, enabling a high-voltage power supply (34) and an auxiliary power supply (35) to be powered through the isolation transformer T1, and supplying power to the whole intelligent triggering device (3) through the auxiliary power supply (35);
the voltage detection circuit (32) and the current detection circuit (33) in the intelligent triggering device (3) detect the voltage and the current at the output end of the photovoltaic module string (5), the time service chip (37) is used for judging whether the photovoltaic module string (5) is in a daytime period, and the main control MCU (38) judges whether the photovoltaic module (1) in the photovoltaic module string (5) normally works according to signals fed back by the voltage detection circuit (32), the current detection circuit (33) and the time service chip (37);
step three, when the voltage and the current detected by the voltage detection circuit (32) and the current detection circuit (33) are zero, the photovoltaic module (1) is not operated;
meanwhile, when the time service chip (37) judges that the time service chip is in a daytime period, the main control MCU (38) controls the high-voltage power supply (34) to output high-voltage pulse current I RV Otherwise, the main control MCU (38) controls the high-voltage power supply (34) not to output the high-voltage pulse current I RV ；
Fourth, the high-voltage pulse current I RV The output ends PV+ injected into the photovoltaic module strings (5) respectively flow into a plurality of intelligent junction boxes (2);
step five, an intelligent turn-off chip U1 in the intelligent junction box (2) detects the voltage at two ends of a resistor Rn-1, when detecting that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the current direction is that the current flows into the photovoltaic module (1), the intelligent turn-off chip U1 triggers the channel of a switching tube Qn-1 to be conducted so that the current flows into the photovoltaic module (1), the photovoltaic module (1) works normally until a photovoltaic inverter (4) is started, and the pulse current drops to zero;
step six, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 detects that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the current direction is that the current flows out of the photovoltaic module (1), the channel of the switching tube Qn-1 is kept to be continuously conducted, so that the working current I is caused PV Flows out of the photovoltaic module (1) and flows into the photovoltaic inverter (4) to perform grid-connected power generation;
step seven, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 does not detect that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 and the specified time t1 is continued, the turn-off of the switching tube Qn-1 is controlled, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module (1) is cut off, and at the moment, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is in a standby state;
in the seventh step, when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 continuously does not detect that current flows through the resistor Rn-1 within a specified t1 time period, the failure of triggering of the high-voltage power supply (34) or the shielding of the photovoltaic module (1) or the suspension of the photovoltaic inverter (4) is indicated;
a. if the photovoltaic module (1) is not shielded and the whole shutdown system does not receive the forced shutdown signal, the failure of triggering of the high-voltage power supply (34) or the suspension of the photovoltaic inverter (4) is indicated, and the main control MCU (38) controls the high-voltage power supply (34) to output the high-voltage pulse current I again RV Until the photovoltaic module (1) works normally;
b. if the photovoltaic module (1) is shielded, the photovoltaic module (1) cannot provide the working current I required by the photovoltaic module string (5) PV The intelligent turn-off chip U1 detects that current flows through the resistor Rn-2 and current I of the photovoltaic module string (5) PV The freewheeling current flows from the branch where the freewheeling diode Dn-4 is located and flows into other photovoltaic modules (1), and at the moment, the intelligent shutdown chip U1 is in a hiccup mode.
2. The intelligent shutdown method of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: when the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is in the hiccup mode, the intelligent turn-off chip U1 restarts to open a channel of the switching tube Qn-1 every fixed time t 0;
at this time, if the shielding of the photovoltaic module (1) is eliminated, the current is switched from flowing through the freewheeling diode Dn-4 to flowing through the photovoltaic module (1);
at this time, if the shielding of the photovoltaic module (1) is partially eliminated; the photovoltaic module sub-string is connected with the flywheel diode Dn-3 in parallel, and current sequentially flows through the flywheel diode Dn-2 and the flywheel diode Dn-1; the sub-strings of the photovoltaic component connected in parallel with the freewheeling diode Dn-3 and the freewheeling diode Dn-2 are all conducted, and current flows through the freewheeling diode Dn-1 to form a conducting path;
at this time, if shielding of the photovoltaic module (1) still exists, current flows through the freewheeling diode Dn-4, the working voltage of the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is clamped to-1V, and the intelligent turn-off chip U1 enters an under-voltage protection working mode; and then the switching tube Qn-1 is turned off again, the hiccup working mode is carried out again after the intelligent turn-off chip U1 is recovered to work, the circulation is repeated, and the hiccup working mode is stopped after the current is switched to the photovoltaic module (1).
3. The intelligent shutdown method of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the intelligent junction box (2) and the photovoltaic module (1) are subjected to high-voltage pulse current I RV After triggering and conducting, the device is used for maintaining the working current I of the photovoltaic module string (5) PV The load maintaining circuit (31) is turned on, and after grid-connected power generation of the photovoltaic inverter (4), the load maintaining circuit (31) is turned off to stop working.
4. The intelligent shutdown method of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: the man-machine interaction interface (36) in the intelligent triggering device (3) is used as an active triggering mode, the daily working time period and triggering pulse current value information of the intelligent triggering device (3) can be set, a one-key off button is further arranged on the interaction interface, and after the one-key off button is triggered, the intelligent triggering device (3) stops working all things.
5. The intelligent shutdown method of a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: the intelligent turn-off chip U1 directly takes electricity from the photovoltaic module (1), and supplies power to a detection module, a driving module, a protection module and a logic control module in the chip after the electricity is converted by a conversion circuit in the chip; the intelligent turn-off chip U1 has the functions of temperature detection and protection, current detection and protection and voltage detection and protection.
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| CN110289640B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2024-05-28 | 无锡硅动力微电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent photovoltaic shutoff device |
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| CN115473259A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-12-13 | 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 | Control method and device of shutoff device and shutoff device |
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