CN108832811A - A Constant Current Output Converter with Wide Voltage Input - Google Patents

A Constant Current Output Converter with Wide Voltage Input Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108832811A
CN108832811A CN201810719632.1A CN201810719632A CN108832811A CN 108832811 A CN108832811 A CN 108832811A CN 201810719632 A CN201810719632 A CN 201810719632A CN 108832811 A CN108832811 A CN 108832811A
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inductor
capacitor
filter
inductance
load
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肖文勋
胡建雨
张波
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种宽电压输入的恒流输出变换器，包括直流输入电源，第一电感、开关管、续流二极管、第一电容、滤波电容、滤波电感、第二电感和负载。其主要特征在于：所述的直流输入电源的正极与第一电感一端连接。第一电感的另外一端与开关管的漏极和电容的一端连接。电容的另一端与续流二极管的阳极、负载的一端和滤波电容的一端连接。负载的另一端与滤波电感的一端连接。滤波电感的另一端与滤波电容的另一端、第二电感的一端连接。第二电感的另一端与续流二极管的阴极、开关管的源极和直流输入电源的负极连接。通过控制开关管的导通与关断，本发明电路能够在很宽的输入电压范围内输出恒定的直流电流，并且具有快速的响应速度。

The invention provides a wide voltage input constant current output converter, which includes a DC input power supply, a first inductor, a switch tube, a freewheeling diode, a first capacitor, a filter capacitor, a filter inductor, a second inductor and a load. Its main feature is that: the positive pole of the DC input power supply is connected to one end of the first inductor. The other end of the first inductor is connected to the drain of the switch tube and one end of the capacitor. The other end of the capacitor is connected with the anode of the freewheeling diode, one end of the load and one end of the filter capacitor. The other end of the load is connected to one end of the filter inductor. The other end of the filter inductor is connected to the other end of the filter capacitor and one end of the second inductor. The other end of the second inductance is connected with the cathode of the freewheeling diode, the source of the switch tube and the cathode of the DC input power supply. By controlling the turn-on and turn-off of the switch tube, the circuit of the invention can output a constant direct current within a wide input voltage range, and has a fast response speed.

Description

一种宽电压输入的恒流输出变换器A Constant Current Output Converter with Wide Voltage Input

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电力电子领域，具体涉及一种宽电压输入的恒流输出变换器。The invention relates to the field of power electronics, in particular to a constant current output converter with wide voltage input.

背景技术Background technique

恒流源在工业领域的应用非常广阔，可用作大功率LED驱动，蓄电池充电等。传统的Boost恒流输出或者Buck恒流输出变换器只能在较窄的输入电压下正常工作，无法在宽电压范围内工作。并且Buck或者Boost变换器实现恒流输出，其本质依然是通过改变输出电压的大小来改变输出电流，响应速度较慢。The constant current source is widely used in the industrial field, and can be used as high-power LED drive, battery charging, etc. Traditional Boost constant current output or Buck constant current output converters can only work normally under a narrow input voltage, and cannot work in a wide voltage range. And the Buck or Boost converter realizes constant current output, its essence is still to change the output current by changing the magnitude of the output voltage, and the response speed is relatively slow.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提出一种宽电压输入的恒流输出变换器，并且具有快速的响应速度。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and propose a constant current output converter with wide voltage input and fast response speed.

本发明的目的至少通过如下技术方案实现。The purpose of the present invention is at least achieved through the following technical solutions.

本发明电路中具体包括直流输入电源Vin，第一电感、开关管、续流二极管、第一电容、滤波电容、滤波电感、第二电感和负载。The circuit of the present invention specifically includes a DC input power supply V in , a first inductor, a switch tube, a freewheeling diode, a first capacitor, a filter capacitor, a filter inductor, a second inductor and a load.

本发明电路具体的连接方式为：直流输入电源Vin的正极与第一电感一端连接。第一电感的另外一端与开关管的漏极和电容的一端连接。电容的另一端与续流二极管的阳极、负载的一端和滤波电容的一端连接。负载的另一端与滤波电感的一端连接。滤波电感的另一端与滤波电容的另一端、第二电感的一端连接。第二电感的另一端与续流二极管的阴极、开关管的源极和直流输入电源的负极连接。The specific connection mode of the circuit of the present invention is: the positive pole of the DC input power source V in is connected to one end of the first inductor. The other end of the first inductor is connected to the drain of the switch tube and one end of the capacitor. The other end of the capacitor is connected with the anode of the freewheeling diode, one end of the load and one end of the filter capacitor. The other end of the load is connected to one end of the filter inductor. The other end of the filter inductor is connected to the other end of the filter capacitor and one end of the second inductor. The other end of the second inductance is connected with the cathode of the freewheeling diode, the source of the switch tube and the cathode of the DC input power supply.

与现有技术相比，本发明电路具有的优势为：相比于传统Boost或者Buck恒流输出变换器，本发明电路能够在很宽的输入电压范围内输出恒定的直流电流，并且具有快速的响应速度。Compared with the prior art, the circuit of the present invention has the following advantages: Compared with traditional Boost or Buck constant current output converters, the circuit of the present invention can output a constant DC current within a wide input voltage range, and has fast responding speed.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为一种宽电压输入的恒流输出变换器结构图。Figure 1 is a structure diagram of a wide voltage input constant current output converter.

图2为一个开关周期主要元件的电压电流波形图。Figure 2 is a voltage and current waveform diagram of the main components of a switching cycle.

图3a～3b为一个开关周期T内电路模态图。3a-3b are circuit modal diagrams within a switching period T.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方案进行具体说明，但本发明的实施不限于此，需指出的是以下若有未特别详细说明之符号或过程，均是本领域技术人员可参照现有技术实现或理解的。Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto. It should be pointed out that if there are symbols or processes that are not specifically described in detail below, those skilled in the art can refer to the prior art realized or understood.

本实例的基本拓扑结构和各主要元件电压电流参考方向如图1所示。The basic topology of this example and the voltage and current reference direction of each main component are shown in Figure 1.

一种宽电压输入的恒流输出变换器，包括直流输入电源、第一电感L1、开关管S、续流二极管VD1、第一电容C1、滤波电容Cf、滤波电感Lf、第二电感L2和负载。所述的直流输入电源的正极与第一电感L1一端连接；第一电感L1的另外一端与开关管S的漏极和电容C1的一端连接；电容C1的另一端与续流二极管VD1的阳极、负载的一端和滤波电容Cf的一端连接；负载的另一端与滤波电感Lf的一端连接；滤波电感Lf的另一端与滤波电容Cf的另一端、第二电感L2的一端连接；第二电感L2的另一端与续流二极管VD1的阴极、开关管S的源极和直流输入电源Vin的负极连接。A wide voltage input constant current output converter, including a DC input power supply, a first inductor L 1 , a switch tube S, a freewheeling diode VD 1 , a first capacitor C 1 , a filter capacitor C f , a filter inductor L f , a second Two inductor L2 and load. The anode of the DC input power supply is connected to one end of the first inductance L1 ; the other end of the first inductance L1 is connected to the drain of the switch tube S and one end of the capacitor C1 ; the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the freewheeling diode The anode of VD 1 , one end of the load is connected to one end of the filter capacitor C f ; the other end of the load is connected to one end of the filter inductor L f ; the other end of the filter inductor L f is connected to the other end of the filter capacitor C f , the second inductor L 2 ; the other end of the second inductor L 2 is connected to the cathode of the freewheeling diode VD 1 , the source of the switching tube S and the cathode of the DC input power supply Vin .

为了分析方便，电路结构中的器件均视为理想器件。开关管S的驱动信号、第一电感L1电流IL1、第二电感L2电流IL2、电容C1两端电压、负载电流IO波形图如图2所示。For the convenience of analysis, the devices in the circuit structure are regarded as ideal devices. The waveforms of the driving signal of the switch tube S, the current I L1 of the first inductor L 1 , the current I L2 of the second inductor L 2 , the voltage across the capacitor C 1 , and the load current I O are shown in FIG. 2 .

在t0～t1阶段，电路在此阶段的模态图如图3a所示，开关管S的驱动电压Vg从低电平变为高电平，开关管S导通，直流输入电源Vin给第一电感L1充电，同时第一电容C1通过开关管S给第二电感L2充电和负载供电。In the t 0 ~ t 1 stage, the modal diagram of the circuit at this stage is shown in Figure 3a, the driving voltage V g of the switch tube S changes from low level to high level, the switch tube S is turned on, and the DC input power V in charges the first inductor L1, and at the same time, the first capacitor C1 charges the second inductor L2 and supplies power to the load through the switch tube S.

在t1～t2阶段，电路在此阶段的模态图如图3b所示，开关管S的驱动电压Vg从高电平变为低电平，开关管S关断，续流二极管VD1导通，直流输入电压Vin和第一电感L1一起给第一电容C1充电，第二电感L2给负载供电。In the t 1 ~ t 2 stage, the modal diagram of the circuit at this stage is shown in Figure 3b. The driving voltage V g of the switch tube S changes from high level to low level, the switch tube S is turned off, and the freewheeling diode VD 1 is turned on, the DC input voltage V in and the first inductor L 1 charge the first capacitor C 1 together, and the second inductor L 2 supplies power to the load.

为了减小第二电感L2的体积，加入LC滤波电路，滤除高频电流纹波从而在负载上可以得到恒定的直流电流。In order to reduce the volume of the second inductor L 2 , an LC filter circuit is added to filter out the high-frequency current ripple so that a constant DC current can be obtained on the load.

本发明电路输出电流大小分析如下。The output current of the circuit of the present invention is analyzed as follows.

由电感的伏秒平衡原理，第一电感L1在开关导通时两端电压为Vin，第一电感L1在开关关断时两端电压为VC1-Vin，由此可得式(1)和(2)。According to the volt-second balance principle of the inductor, the voltage across the first inductor L 1 is V in when the switch is turned on, and the voltage across the first inductor L 1 is V C1 -V in when the switch is turned off, so the formula can be obtained (1) and (2).

VinD＝(VC1-Vin)(1-D) (1)V in D＝(V C1 -V in )(1-D) (1)

经过滤波后负载上的电流恒定，认为负载上的电压恒定为VO，第二电感L2在开关导通时两端电压为VC1-VO，第二电感L2在开关导通时两端电压为VO，由此可得式(3)～(5)。After filtering, the current on the load is constant, and the voltage on the load is considered to be constant as V O . The terminal voltage is V O , thus formulas (3)-(5) can be obtained.

VO＝IOR (3)V O =I O R (3)

(VC1-VO)D＝VO(1-D) (4)(V C1 -V O )D=V O (1-D) (4)

由式(2)和(5)可得负载上的电流大小为From equations (2) and (5), the magnitude of the current on the load can be obtained as

在输入电压和负载R固定的情况下，由式(6)可知调整占空比D大小即可调节输出电流大小，且调节范围很宽理论上可以从零到无穷大，并且能够在宽电压范围内输出恒流。由于直接控制第二电感L2上的电流，电流环的响应速度要远远快于电压环，因此本发明电路能够保证很快的电流响应速度。When the input voltage and load R are fixed, it can be seen from formula (6) that the output current can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle D, and the adjustment range is very wide. Theoretically, it can be from zero to infinity, and it can be used in a wide voltage range. output constant current. Because the current on the second inductor L2 is directly controlled, the response speed of the current loop is much faster than that of the voltage loop, so the circuit of the present invention can ensure a very fast current response speed.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of constant current output converter of Width funtion input, it is characterised in that including direct-current input power supplying, the first inductance (L1)、 Switching tube (S), freewheeling diode (VD1), first capacitor (C1), filter capacitor (Cf), filter inductance (Lf), the second inductance (L2) and Load.
2. being primarily characterized in that according to the constant current output converter that right 1 requires a kind of Width funtion to input：Described Anode and the first inductance (L of direct-current input power supplying1) one end connection；First inductance (L1) other end and switching tube (S) leakage Pole and capacitor (C1) one end connection；Capacitor (C1) the other end and freewheeling diode (VD1) anode, load one end and filter Wave capacitor (Cf) one end connection；The other end and filter inductance (L of loadf) one end connection；Filter inductance (Lf) the other end With filter capacitor (Cf) the other end, the second inductance (L2) one end connection；Second inductance (L2) the other end and freewheeling diode (VD1) cathode, switching tube (S) source electrode and direct-current input power supplying VinCathode connection.
3. main feature exports electric current according to the constant current output converter that right 1 requires a kind of Width funtion to inputVinFor input voltage, D is duty ratio, and R is load.
CN201810719632.1A 2018-07-03 2018-07-03 A Constant Current Output Converter with Wide Voltage Input Pending CN108832811A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110374899A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-10-25 惠州汇能精电科技有限公司 A kind of fan being applicable in super wide voltage range

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CN208849670U (en) * 2018-07-03 2019-05-10 华南理工大学 A Wide Voltage Input Constant Current Output Converter

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