CN108828341B - Detection device and calculation method for hysteresis characteristic of piezoelectric ceramic under direct-current voltage - Google Patents
Detection device and calculation method for hysteresis characteristic of piezoelectric ceramic under direct-current voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN108828341B CN108828341B CN201810261804.5A CN201810261804A CN108828341B CN 108828341 B CN108828341 B CN 108828341B CN 201810261804 A CN201810261804 A CN 201810261804A CN 108828341 B CN108828341 B CN 108828341B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection device and a calculation method for hysteresis characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics under direct-current voltage, and relates to the technical field of measurement, wherein the detection device comprises a digital display micrometer, a sensor, a direct-current driving power supply and a base; the piezoelectric ceramic and the sensor are fixed on the base; and the sensor interface is connected to the digital display micrometer; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current driving power supply are connected with the lead on the upper end face of the piezoelectric ceramic; the calculation method comprises the steps of firstly), welding leads on the front surface and the back surface of the piezoelectric ceramic with sintered silver electrodes; step two), fixing the piezoelectric ceramics welded with the wires in the step one) on a base, wherein the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramics faces upwards; step three), connecting a sensor interface into a channel of the digital display micrometer; step four), connecting a direct current driving power supply and debugging a detection device; step five), placing the debugged detection device in a quiet room; and step six) calculating the maximum hysteresis error and the instantaneous error by adopting the formula of the invention, and providing a reliable numerical basis for applying the piezoelectric ceramic to a driver.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a detection device and a calculation method for hysteresis characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics under direct-current voltage.
Background
The micro-displacement driving device is an important aspect of piezoelectric ceramic application, and the hysteresis characteristic is always an important factor influencing the precision of the piezoelectric ceramic driver. The hysteresis characteristic means that the output of the piezoelectric ceramic lags behind the input of the piezoelectric ceramic, and on a voltage-displacement curve chart, the hysteresis characteristic is mainly reflected by the fact that under the same voltage value, a difference value exists between displacements on a descending curve and an ascending curve, and the magnitude of the difference value reflects the hysteresis characteristic performance.
Most researchers for material preparation adopt a ferroelectric tester to test an S-E curve to obtain an S-E butterfly strain curve. However, in practical applications, the hysteresis mechanism is complex, and the actual displacement generated by the piezoelectric ceramic is not the same as S in the strain S-E curve. Therefore, the strain curve measured by the ferroelectric tester can not accurately predict the hysteresis, and has little practical guiding significance for solving the hysteresis error of the piezoelectric ceramic driver.
At present, formulas are adopted for evaluating the hysteresis characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics
The calculation is carried out in such a way that,where H is the hysteresis value of the signal,
the difference between the step-down and step-up strains when the electric field strength is half of the maximum electric field strength, SmaxIs the maximum displacement value. Due to the formula
It is not necessarily the maximum strain difference, and it is only appropriate to roughly describe the piezoelectric ceramic hysteresis characteristics. When the piezoelectric ceramic is applied to a driver, the maximum hysteresis error must be known; when error compensation is performed, the instantaneous error must be known. Therefore, the formula calculation cannot satisfy the application of the piezoelectric ceramics in the driver.
The invention adopts the detection device to measure the hysteresis characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramics, can obtain the hysteresis model, is directly used for controlling the driver, and has the advantages of economical and simple used equipment and easy implementation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a device and a method for detecting hysteresis characteristics of a piezoelectric ceramic under a direct current voltage, so as to achieve better application of the piezoelectric ceramic to a driver.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a detection device for the hysteresis characteristic of piezoelectric ceramic under direct-current voltage comprises a digital display micrometer, a sensor, a direct-current driving power supply and a base; the piezoelectric ceramic and the sensor are fixed on the base; and the sensor interface is connected to the digital display micrometer; the positive electrode of the direct current driving power supply is connected with a lead on the upper end face of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the negative electrode of the direct current driving power supply is connected with a lead on the lower end face of the piezoelectric ceramic.
Further, the piezoelectric ceramic is bonded with the base through glue.
Furthermore, the sensor is fixed on the base through a universal joint and a magnetic gauge stand.
A calculation method of a detection device based on piezoelectric ceramic direct-current voltage hysteresis characteristics comprises the following steps:
step one), welding wires on the front surface and the back surface of the piezoelectric ceramic with sintered silver electrodes;
step two), fixing the piezoelectric ceramics welded with the wires in the step one) on a base, wherein the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramics faces upwards;
step three), connecting a sensor interface into a channel of the digital display micrometer;
step four), connecting a direct current driving power supply and debugging a detection device;
step five), placing the debugged detection device in a quiet room, and starting to test data after the sensor is stabilized; manually adjusting the voltage rise of the DC drive power supply and recording the corresponding displacement data as the boost displacement Sr(ii) a After the voltage rises to the maximum value which can be borne by the piezoelectric ceramics, manually adjusting the voltage drop of the direct current driving power supply, and recording corresponding displacement data as voltage reduction displacement Sf；
Step six), analyzing the displacement data recorded in the step five), finding out the position with the maximum displacement difference value, and taking the position with the low voltage if a plurality of displacement difference values are the same; will correspond to a boost displacement SrAnd a step-down displacement SmaxfThe data of (a) is substituted into the following formula for calculation:
wherein HmaxIs the maximum hysteresis; delta DmaxIs the maximum strain difference; smaxfTo step down the pressure by a shift SfAnd boost displacement SrThe descending displacement at the position with the maximum difference value; the formula is used for calculating the maximum hysteresis error and evaluating the error of a driver made of piezoelectric ceramics;
wherein, Delta D is any position strain difference, SfCorresponding to the step-down displacement; the formula is used for calculating instantaneous errors and compensating and controlling the errors of the driver made of the piezoelectric ceramics.
Further, the resolution of the direct current driving power supply in the step four) is adjusted to 10v, and the resolution of the digital display micrometer is adjusted to 0.01 μm.
Furthermore, the precision of the digital display micrometer is higher than 0.01 μm.
Further, the maximum output voltage of the direct current driving power supply is higher than 2000V, and the interval is smaller than 10V.
Further, in the sixth step, Δ Dmax＝Smaxf-Sr。
Has the advantages that:
1. the digital display micrometer and sensor combination device is adopted to test the displacement data of the piezoelectric ceramics under the direct current voltage, the displacement data is close to the real environment of the piezoelectric ceramics application, and the obtained data has more practical guiding significance for the piezoelectric ceramics application.
2. In order to prevent the interference caused by the external environment, the sample and the sensor are fixed on the same base, so that when the external environment vibrates, the sample and the sensor vibrate together along with the base, and the relative displacement among the sample, the sensor and the base is kept to be 0.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a device for detecting hysteresis characteristics of a piezoelectric ceramic under DC voltage according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and the examples.
With reference to fig. 1, 502 glue and a magnetic gauge stand are adopted to fix the piezoelectric ceramic piece and the sensor on a square steel block base for measurement respectively, and regression is performed based on the data to obtain a hysteresis characteristic diagram, so that the hysteresis characteristic is more visual and accurate. And a reliable numerical basis is provided for the application of the piezoelectric ceramics to the driver. The operation steps are as follows:
step one), welding wires on the front and back sides of piezoelectric ceramic with sintered silver electrodes; .
Fixing the piezoelectric ceramic welded with the lead on a base, and paying attention to the fact that the positive electrode faces upwards;
step three), fixing the sensor on the base through the universal joint and the magnetic gauge stand; and interface the sensor to
Entering a relevant channel of a test instrument;
step four), connecting a direct current driving power supply and debugging the device. The resolution of the direct current driving power supply is adjusted to 10v, and the resolution of the test instrument is adjusted to 0.01 mu m.
Step five), placing the debugged detection device in a quiet room, and starting to test data after the sensor is stabilized; manually adjusting the voltage rise of the DC drive power supply and recording the corresponding displacement data as the boost displacement Sr(ii) a After the voltage rises to the maximum value which can be borne by the piezoelectric ceramics, manually adjusting the voltage drop of the direct current driving power supply, and recording corresponding displacement data as voltage reduction displacement Sf；
All conventionally using formulas
The piezoelectric ceramic hysteresis error is calculated, which is an estimate of the average error, but in driver applications, the maximum error often needs to be controlled.
The invention adopts a formula
Calculating the maximum error, where HmaxIs the maximum hysteresis. Delta DmaxIs the maximum strain difference (if the strain differences are the same, the related data at the lower part of the voltage are calculated), SmaxfCorresponding to the displacement where the maximum strain difference occurs. This formula allows an assessment of the maximum error of the drive. And the formula can be modified as
Calculating instantaneous error, where Δ D is any position strain difference, SfCorresponding to the step-down shift. Can be used for transient error compensation control of the driver.
Examples
And welding wires on the front and back sides of the piezoelectric ceramic sample 1 with the sintered silver electrode. And fixing the piezoelectric ceramics welded with the lead on the base. Note that the anode is facing up. The sensor is fixed on the base through the magnetic gauge stand. And the sensor interface is connected with a relevant channel of the digital display tester, and is connected with a direct current driving power supply and a debugging device. The resolution of the direct current driving power supply is adjusted to 10v, and the resolution of the digital display tester is adjusted to 0.01 mu m. And (4) arranging the debugged equipment in a quiet room, and starting to test data after the sensor is stable. Manually adjusting the voltage, gradually increasing the voltage from 0V to 1800V, and recording displacement data every 100V; the resulting data is filled in table 1 implementing example boost shift correspondence. The voltage was gradually decreased from 1800V to 0V, and displacement data was recorded every 100V. The resulting data is filled in table 1 implementing example step down displacement corresponding locations.
TABLE 10-1800V DC voltage power supply displacement relation table
As can be seen from Table 1, the maximum displacement difference first occurs at a voltage of 700v, Δ Dmax＝0.04，Smaxf0.12 according to the formula
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for calculating the hysteresis characteristic of piezoelectric ceramic under direct current voltage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one), welding wires on the front surface and the back surface of the piezoelectric ceramic with sintered silver electrodes;
step two), fixing the piezoelectric ceramics welded with the wires in the step one) on a base, wherein the positive electrode of the piezoelectric ceramics faces upwards;
step three), connecting a sensor interface into a channel of the digital display micrometer;
step four), connecting a direct current driving power supply and debugging a detection device;
step five), placing the debugged detection device in a quiet room, and starting to test data after the sensor is stabilized; manually adjusting the voltage rise of the DC drive power supply and recording the corresponding displacement data as the boost displacement Sr(ii) a After the voltage rises to the maximum value which can be borne by the piezoelectric ceramics, manually adjusting the voltage drop of the direct current driving power supply, and recording corresponding displacement data as voltage reduction displacement Sf；
Step six) corresponding boosting displacement S recorded in step five)rMaximum step-down displacement SmaxfThe data of (a) is substituted into the following formula for calculation:
wherein HmaxIs the maximum hysteresis; delta DmaxIs the maximum strain difference; smaxfTo step down the pressure by a shift SfAnd boost displacement SrDisplacement when the voltage at the maximum difference drops; the formula is used for calculating the maximum error and evaluating the error of a driver made of piezoelectric ceramics;
wherein, Delta D is any position strain difference, SfCorresponding to the step-down displacement; the formula is used for calculating instantaneous errors and compensating and controlling the instantaneous errors of the driver made of the piezoelectric ceramics.
2. The method for calculating the hysteresis characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramic under the direct-current voltage according to claim 1, wherein the resolution of the direct-current driving power supply in the step four) is adjusted to 10v, and the resolution of the digital micrometer is adjusted to 0.01 μm.
3. The method for calculating the hysteresis characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramic under the direct current voltage according to claim 1, wherein the precision of the digital display micrometer is higher than 0.01 μm.
4. The method for calculating the hysteresis characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramic under the direct-current voltage according to claim 1, wherein the maximum output voltage of the direct-current driving power supply is higher than 2000V, and the interval is less than 10V.
5. The method for calculating the hysteresis characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramic in direct current voltage according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, Δ Dmax＝Smaxf-Sr。
6. The method for calculating the hysteresis characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramic under the direct-current voltage according to claim 1, wherein a detection device adopted by the calculation method comprises a digital display micrometer, a sensor, a direct-current driving power supply and a base; the piezoelectric ceramic and the sensor are fixed on the base; and the sensor interface is connected to the digital display micrometer; the positive electrode of the direct current driving power supply is connected with a lead on the upper end face of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the negative electrode of the direct current driving power supply is connected with a lead on the lower end face of the piezoelectric ceramic.
7. The method for calculating the hysteresis characteristic of a piezoelectric ceramic under direct current voltage according to claim 6, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic is bonded to the base by glue.
8. The method for calculating the hysteresis characteristic of a piezoelectric ceramic in direct current voltage as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sensor is fixed on the base through a universal joint and a magnetic gauge stand.
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| CN105032786A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 上海师范大学 | Intelligent screening method for piezoelectric ceramic actuators |
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| JPS6214484A (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-01-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | Manufacture of piezoelectric ceramics |
| CN2660653Y (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-12-01 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Retarding curve measurer of piezoelectric ceramic tube |
| CN1741362A (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2006-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Piezoelectric ceramic drive electric power based on current control |
| EP1990670A1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-12 | Funai Electric Co., Ltd. | Variable shape mirror and optical pickup device |
| CN101986564A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2011-03-16 | 北京理工大学 | Backlash operator and neural network-based adaptive filter |
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