CN108827780A - A kind of the tensile stress relaxation test device and test method of rubber material - Google Patents
A kind of the tensile stress relaxation test device and test method of rubber material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108827780A CN108827780A CN201811061987.2A CN201811061987A CN108827780A CN 108827780 A CN108827780 A CN 108827780A CN 201811061987 A CN201811061987 A CN 201811061987A CN 108827780 A CN108827780 A CN 108827780A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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Abstract
The invention discloses the tensile stress relaxation test devices and test method of a kind of rubber material.The device includes sample self-clamping module and data acquisition module, the former is fixed sample, adjusts the functional unit that sample is stretched to predetermined elongation rate, and the latter is the functional unit for acquiring tensile stress values corresponding with the time.Sample is first clamped to sample clamp fixation and sample clamp mobile terminal by this method, sample is stretched to predetermined elongation rate by rolling clamp mobile adjusting knob, collecting test time corresponding tensile stress values, data processing is carried out again, you can get it sample tensile stress relaxation curve and the corresponding stress relaxation rate of different active times.Apparatus structure design is succinct, practical manipulation is convenient, and this method is method of real-time, and test result is accurate, and effective and rapid to the judgement of its stress relaxation degree and evolution trend, being particularly suitable for assessment needs the material of long service.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material mechanical performance the field of test technology, and in particular to a kind of tensile stress relaxation of rubber material
Test device and test method.
Background technique
With material gene pool building-up work gradually deeply promoting from each level, the performance of material is fully understanded and grasped
Parameter is most important, and applying especially for those needs long service in domain variabilities such as weaponry, aerospace, energy technologys
Advanced function material, it is necessary to before being put into use, the stability of material is assessed, therefore research material is drawn for a long time
Stretch/the performance effect under specific environments such as compression stress load is of great significance.From test philosophy, stress test experiment
It is load under constant deformation to be tested（Load active force thereon）Decaying, but since the measurement of power must pass through material
Deformation reflects, thus should constant deformation measuring force again variation, this is the difficulty of the design of stress relaxation device and manufacture
Point.
Chinese patent literature library discloses Zhang Cuiqiang's etc.《A kind of system and measurement method measuring stress relaxation》
（201810008595.3）, still, this method is mainly used for building field test metal component；Zhu Anming's《New type rubber is drawn
Stretch stress relaxation test device》（201120228013.6）Though the apparatus structure is complicated for testing rubber material, volume compared with
Greatly, it is not easy to carry out the verification experimental verification of high-volume material；What Ao Yin was bravely waited《High molecular polymer is drawn under a kind of high-energy ray irradiation
Stretch stress relaxation experimental provision》（201620536105.3）Continuity online experiment data can not then be obtained, it is difficult to which it is special to realize
The long-term behaviour research of rubber material under environment controlled condition.
Summary of the invention
A technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material,
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of tensile stress relaxation test method of rubber material.
The tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material of the invention, its main feature is that, including：
Sample self-clamping module is stretched to the functional unit of predetermined elongation rate for fixed sample, adjusting sample；The sample clamping
Module is located at the top of device, including sample clamp fixing end, sample deposition, sliding rail, sample clamp mobile terminal and fixture are mobile
Adjusting knob；The sample of clamping is placed in the sample deposition, and one end of the sliding rail is fixing end, fixing end and sample
Fixture fixing end is fixedly connected, and the other end of sliding rail is mobile terminal, and mobile terminal is fixedly connected with sample clamp mobile terminal, and fixture moves
Dynamic adjusting knob is fixed on the top of sliding rail, and the mobile adjusting knob of rolling clamp, sample clamp mobile terminal is moved left and right along sliding rail.
Data acquisition module, for the functional unit for acquiring tensile stress values corresponding with the time；The data acquisition module
Block includes function setting area, mechanics sensor and data display screen；The mechanics sensor is connected to sample platen fixing end
Or on sample platen mobile terminal, the tensile stress of sample is loaded on for real-time testing；The data display screen, for online
It is shown in the stress numerical that sample is loaded under predetermined elongation rate and corresponding time；Area is arranged in the function, passes to mechanics
The numerical value that sensor obtains carries out numerical value zero, unit switching and data output.
The sample deposition is provided with graduated scale, for monitoring the tensile elongation of sample.
The sliding rail is closed groove.
The tensile stress relaxation test method of rubber material of the invention includes the following steps：
A. the sample one end tailored is clamped in sample clamp fixing end, the other end is clamped in sample clamp mobile terminal, fixed
Good sample；
B. it turns on the power switch, initial tensile stress Fa is zeroed；Rolling clamp moves adjusting knob, makes sample clamp mobile terminal
It is moved to the right along sliding rail, until sample natural drawing, starts to show tensile stress data at this time on data display screen；
C. continue the mobile adjusting knob of rolling clamp to show on data display screen at this time until sample is stretched to predetermined elongation rate
Tensile stress data are denoted as F；After 30min, corresponding tensile stress values are denoted as F0, and F0 is that sample is initial under predetermined elongation rate
Tensile stress；
D. continue to keep the mobile end position of sample clamp, while recording time and tensile stress values Ft corresponding with the time, until
Reach the preset testing time；
E. according to time and tensile stress values Ft corresponding with the time, Ft/F0 is calculated separately, obtains the tensile stress relaxation of sample
Curve and stress relaxation rate.
The initial tensile stress Fa of the sample can be with non-return-to-zero, and calculation formula is in step e（Ft-Fa）/（F0-
Fa）, obtain the tensile stress relaxation curve and stress relaxation rate of sample.
The tensile stress relaxation test device decoration structure features simple design of rubber material of the invention manipulates, this hair convenient for practical
The tensile stress relaxation test method of bright rubber material is drawn in whole process by mechanics sensor and display screen real-time monitoring
The variation of stress is stretched, during which without taking out sample, avoids data fluctuations caused by the factors such as operating error, it is ensured that test
As a result precision, effective and rapid to the judgement of its stress relaxation degree and evolution trend, being particularly suitable for assessment need to take for a long time
The material of labour.In addition, according to the actual situation whether urgent specific requirements, can give and realize by flexibly controlling the testing time；
For the sample of larger size, then can be achieved by the size that the sample changed in test device accommodates module；For compared with
The sample of small size then can avoid damage to sample by covering soft bed course in the fixture jaw in test device, by
The accurately control stretching displacement such as displacement sensor is added in test device.Moreover, the sample in test device is added by reequiping
Hold module（For example increase its lower end cantilever）It is placed in environmental test chamber（Such as temperature field, radiation field）It is interior, it may also be used for test specimens
Stress relaxation ability of the product in particular surroundings atmosphere.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the product schematic diagram of the tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the product top view of the tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material of the invention；
Fig. 4 is that embodiment 3 tests obtained tensile stress relaxation curve；
In figure, 23. graduated scale of 1. sample clamp fixing end, 2. sample deposition and 21. sample of sliding rail, 22. sliding rail
3. area is arranged in mobile 5. power switch of adjusting knob, 6. data display screen, 7. function of 4. fixture of sample clamp mobile terminal
8. mechanics sensor.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one
The presence or addition of a or a number of other elements or combinations thereof.
As shown in Figure 1,2 and 3, the tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material of the invention includes：
Sample self-clamping module is stretched to the functional unit of predetermined elongation rate for fixed sample, adjusting sample；The sample clamping
Module is located at the top of device, including sample clamp fixing end 1, sample deposition 2, sliding rail 22, sample clamp mobile terminal 3 and fixture
Mobile adjusting knob 4；The sample 21 of clamping is placed in the sample deposition 2, and one end of the sliding rail 22 is fixing end, Gu
Fixed end is fixedly connected with sample clamp fixing end 1, and the other end of sliding rail 22 is mobile terminal, mobile terminal and sample clamp mobile terminal 3
It is fixedly connected, the mobile adjusting knob 4 of fixture is fixed on the top of sliding rail 22, the mobile adjusting knob 4 of rolling clamp, and sample clamp moves
Moved end 3 is moved left and right along sliding rail 22.
Data acquisition module, for the functional unit for acquiring tensile stress values corresponding with the time；The data acquisition module
Block includes function setting area 7, mechanics sensor 8 and data display screen 6；It is solid to be connected to sample platen for the mechanics sensor 8
On fixed end 1 or sample platen mobile terminal 5, the tensile stress of sample 21 is loaded on for real-time testing；The data display screen
6, loaded under predetermined elongation rate for Real time displaying sample 21 stress numerical and the corresponding time；The function setting
Area 7 carries out numerical value zero, unit switching and data to the numerical value that mechanics sensor 8 obtains and exports.
The sample deposition 2 is provided with graduated scale 23, for monitoring the tensile elongation of sample 21.
The sliding rail 22 is closed groove.
The tensile stress relaxation test method of rubber material of the invention includes the following steps：
A. 21 one end of sample tailored being clamped in sample clamp fixing end 1, the other end is clamped in sample clamp mobile terminal 3,
Fix sample 21；
B. 5 are turned on the power switch, initial tensile stress Fa is zeroed；Rolling clamp moves adjusting knob 4, keeps sample clamp mobile
End 3 is moved to the right along sliding rail 22, until 21 natural drawing of sample, starts to show tensile stress data at this time on data display screen 6；
C. continue the mobile adjusting knob 4 of rolling clamp to show on data display screen 6 at this time until sample 21 is stretched to predetermined elongation rate
The tensile stress data shown are denoted as F；After 30min, corresponding tensile stress values are denoted as F0, and F0 is sample 21 under predetermined elongation rate
Initial tensile stress；
D. continue to keep 3 position of sample clamp mobile terminal, while recording time and tensile stress values Ft corresponding with the time, until
Reach the preset testing time；
E. according to time and tensile stress values Ft corresponding with the time, Ft/F0 is calculated separately, obtains the tensile stress pine of sample 21
Relaxation curve and stress relaxation rate.
The initial tensile stress Fa of the sample 21 can be with non-return-to-zero, and calculation formula is in step e（Ft-Fa）/
（F0-Fa）, obtain the tensile stress relaxation curve and stress relaxation rate of sample 21.
Embodiment 1
21 one end of sample of the dumbbell shape tailored or rectangular strip is clamped in sample clamp fixing end 1, the other end is clamped in sample
Product fixture mobile terminal 3, fixes sample 21；5 are turned on the power switch, initial tensile stress Fa is zeroed；Rolling clamp is mobile to be adjusted
Knob 4 is saved, moves sample clamp mobile terminal 3 to the right along sliding rail 22, until 21 natural drawing of sample, data display screen 6 at this time
On start show tensile stress data；Continue the mobile adjusting knob 4 of rolling clamp, until sample 21 is stretched to predetermined elongation rate, this
When data display screen 6 on the tensile stress data that show be denoted as F；After 30min, corresponding tensile stress values are denoted as F0, and F0 is sample
Initial tensile stress of the product 21 under predetermined elongation rate；Continue keep 3 position of sample clamp mobile terminal, while record the time and with
Time corresponding tensile stress values Ft, until reaching the preset testing time；Initial data is exported, according to drawing corresponding with the time
Stress value Ft is stretched, Ft/F0 is calculated separately, obtains 21 tensile stress relaxation curve of sample and the corresponding stress pine of different active times
Relaxation rate carries out the judgement assessment of mechanical property under detected materials long service state.
Embodiment 2
21 one end of sample of the dumbbell shape tailored or rectangular strip is clamped in sample clamp fixing end 1, the other end is clamped in sample
Product fixture mobile terminal 3, fixes sample 21；5 are turned on the power switch, record start tensile stress Fa；Rolling clamp is mobile to be adjusted
Knob 4 moves sample clamp mobile terminal 3 to the right along sliding rail 22, until 21 natural drawing of sample, at this time on data display screen 6
Start to show tensile stress data；Continue the mobile adjusting knob 4 of rolling clamp, until sample 21 is stretched to predetermined elongation rate, at this time
The tensile stress data shown on data display screen 6 are denoted as F；After 30min, corresponding tensile stress values are denoted as F0, and F0 is sample
The 21 initial tensile stress under predetermined elongation rate；Continue keep 3 position of sample clamp mobile terminal, while record the time and and when
Between corresponding tensile stress values Ft, until reach the preset testing time；Export initial data；According to stretching corresponding with the time
Stress value Ft, calculates separately（Ft-Fa）/（F0-Fa）Value, when can be obtained 21 tensile stress relaxation curve of sample and different military services
Between corresponding stress relaxation rate, carry out detected materials long service state under mechanical property judgement assessment.
Embodiment 3
Certain 21 one end of rubber material sample for the dumbbell shape tailored is clamped in sample clamp fixing end 1, the other end is clamped in
Sample clamp mobile terminal 3 fixes sample 21；5 are turned on the power switch, initial tensile stress Fa is zeroed；Rolling clamp is mobile
Adjusting knob 4 moves sample clamp mobile terminal 3 to the right along sliding rail 22, until 21 natural drawing of sample, data display screen at this time
Start to show tensile stress data on 6；Continue the mobile adjusting knob 4 of rolling clamp, until sample 21 is stretched to 200% elongation
（Sample is stretched as twice of former gauge length）, the tensile stress data shown on data display screen 6 at this time are denoted as F；
After 30min, corresponding tensile stress values are denoted as F0, and F0 is initial tensile stress of the sample 21 under predetermined elongation rate；After continuation of insurance
3 position of sample clamp mobile terminal is held, while recording time and tensile stress values Ft corresponding with the time, until reaching preset survey
Try the time for 24 hours；Export initial data；Initial tensile stress F0 is found, according to the interior corresponding stretching of different time points is answered for 24 hours thereafter
Force value Ft calculates separately Ft/F0 according to time and tensile stress values Ft corresponding with the time, makees the stretching that Fig. 4 obtains sample 21
Stress relaxation curve, certain moment corresponding stress relaxation rate can be searched on the curve, such as the tensile stress relaxation rate of 10h
It is 17.13%.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
It realizes other modification, for example the shape of device is adjusted, is replaced mechanics sensor to be adapted to higher
Device is connect with computer to be shown as stress relaxation rate, by adjusting knob by program direct-on-line by the material of tensile strength
It is changed to power type etc., therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and example shown and described herein.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material, which is characterized in that including：
Sample self-clamping module is stretched to the functional unit of predetermined elongation rate for fixed sample, adjusting sample；The sample clamping
Module is located at the top of device, including sample clamp fixing end（1）, sample deposition（2）, sliding rail（22）, sample clamp mobile terminal
（3）With the mobile adjusting knob of fixture（4）；The sample deposition（2）Place the sample of clamping（21）, the sliding rail（22）
One end be fixing end, fixing end and sample clamp fixing end（1）It is fixedly connected, sliding rail（22）The other end be mobile terminal, move
Moved end and sample clamp mobile terminal（3）It is fixedly connected, the mobile adjusting knob of fixture（4）It is fixed on sliding rail（22）Top, rotation
Fixture moves adjusting knob（4）, sample clamp mobile terminal（3）Along sliding rail（22）It moves left and right；
Data acquisition module, for the functional unit for acquiring tensile stress values corresponding with the time；The data acquisition module packet
Include function setting area（7）, mechanics sensor（8）And data display screen（6）；The mechanics sensor（8）, it is connected to sample pressure
Disk fixing end（1）Or sample platen mobile terminal（5）On, sample is loaded on for real-time testing（21）Tensile stress；Described
Data display screen（6）, sample is loaded under predetermined elongation rate for Real time displaying（21）Stress numerical and the corresponding time；
Area is arranged in the function（7）, to mechanics sensor（8）The numerical value of acquisition carries out numerical value zero, unit switching and data output.
2. the tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sample
Rest area（2）It is provided with graduated scale（23）, for monitoring sample（21）Tensile elongation.
3. the tensile stress relaxation test device of rubber material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sliding rail
（22）For closed groove.
4. a kind of tensile stress relaxation test method of rubber material, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A. the sample that will have been tailored（21）One end is clamped in sample clamp fixing end（1）, it is mobile that the other end is clamped in sample clamp
End（3）, fix sample（21）；
B. it turns on the power switch（5）, initial tensile stress Fa is zeroed；Rolling clamp moves adjusting knob（4）, make sample clamp
Mobile terminal（3）Along sliding rail（22）It moves to the right, until sample（21）Natural drawing, at this time data display screen（6）On start to show
Tensile stress data；
C. continue the mobile adjusting knob of rolling clamp（4）, until sample（21）It is stretched to predetermined elongation rate, at this time data display screen
（6）The tensile stress data of upper display are denoted as F；After 30min, corresponding tensile stress values are denoted as F0, and F0 is sample（21）Pre-
Determine the initial tensile stress under elongation；
D. continue to keep sample clamp mobile terminal（3）Position, while time and tensile stress values Ft corresponding with the time are recorded, directly
To reaching the preset testing time；
E. according to time and tensile stress values Ft corresponding with the time, Ft/F0 is calculated separately, obtains sample（21）Tensile stress
Relaxation curve and stress relaxation rate.
5. the tensile stress relaxation test method of rubber material according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The sample
（21）Initial tensile stress Fa non-return-to-zero, calculation formula is in step e（Ft-Fa）/（F0-Fa）, obtain sample（21）'s
Tensile stress relaxation curve and stress relaxation rate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811061987.2A CN108827780A (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2018-09-12 | A kind of the tensile stress relaxation test device and test method of rubber material |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811061987.2A CN108827780A (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2018-09-12 | A kind of the tensile stress relaxation test device and test method of rubber material |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109709358A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-03 | 广东生益科技股份有限公司 | A kind of pressurizer and pressure-retaining system of strip line test |
| CN110926996A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-27 | 湖南工业大学 | Thermal stress relaxation analyzer |
| CN112362468A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-02-12 | 深圳天祥质量技术服务有限公司 | Leather softness evaluation device and evaluation method |
| CN114674676A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-06-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Full-automatic detection device and method for two-dimensional stroke expansion self-sealing irradiation relaxation |
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