CN108826730A - A kind of rack and pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler - Google Patents
A kind of rack and pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler Download PDFInfo
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- CN108826730A CN108826730A CN201810437027.5A CN201810437027A CN108826730A CN 108826730 A CN108826730 A CN 108826730A CN 201810437027 A CN201810437027 A CN 201810437027A CN 108826730 A CN108826730 A CN 108826730A
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- piston
- expansion
- compression
- heat exchanger
- rack
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1412—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by heat exchanger details
Abstract
Rack according to the present invention and pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler, rack include：Flange,Expansion piston pipe,Compression piston pipe and pedestal,Flange shape in disk form,The one side of the flange is provided with concentric disk,Another side is connected with pedestal,The center line of pedestal is overlapped with the center line of flange,Expansion piston pipe is straight pipe,One end is connected with disk,The other end is free end,For connecting the pulse tube of refrigeration machine,There is cylindrical expansion plunger shaft in expansion piston pipe,Compression piston pipe is straight pipe,Setting is in the base,One end is connected with flange,The other end is free end,There is compression cylinder plunger shaft in compression piston pipe,Compression piston chamber and expansion piston chamber coaxial line and it is connected,It is parallel to compression piston cavity axis,Multiple connection compression piston chambers and external through-hole are provided on disk,The internal diameter of compression piston chamber is greater than the internal diameter of expansion piston chamber,The internal diameter of expansion piston chamber and the internal diameter of pulse tube are identical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to refrigerating fields, and in particular to a kind of rack and pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler.
Background technique
A kind of method of the cryogenic refrigeration mechanism cold as important acquisition low temperature, is widely used in aviation, military affairs, surpasses
It leads, communicate, electronics, metallurgy, industrial gasses liquefy and the fields such as biologic medical.Especially in recent years, Cryo Refrigerator is navigating
The application demand of empty space flight is more and more obvious.
Life science, materials sciences in space experiment are the important components of space scientific research.According to statistics, in September, 2000 is extremely
Experimental duties relevant to human medical, biotechnology occupy full-fledged research in March, 2010 international space station scientific experiment
It is movable more than half, at the beginning of China's manned space flight task-cycle, just for space life science, medicine related scientific research work
It needs, proposes the demand of space low temperature storage device development.The space science such as space life science, materials sciences in space are real
Research is tested after preparation stage, pilot process and experiment, is required in station module in the low temperature environment of temperature-controllable
Save laboratory sample.It can be said that space low temperature refrigerator has become the standard configuration of space station.Currently, NASA is international empty
Between in station (ISS) refrigerating equipment for coming into operation, main refrigerant mode has thermoelectric cooling, inverse Brayton refrigeration and Si Te
Woods circularly cooling.
GLACIER(General Laboratory Active Cryogenic ISS Experiment
It Refrigerator is) that the First that NASA is developed can be used for -80 DEG C of low temperature storage of two platforms in space station and airship simultaneously
Device is freezed using free-piston Stirling cooler, it can be achieved that 4 DEG C to -95 DEG C of cryogenic temperature under wind mode；In water
, it can be achieved that 4 DEG C to -160 DEG C of low temperature stores under refrigerating mode.It is deposited to further increase low temperature during in-orbit and uplink and downlink
Single module unit size (273x460x522mm) has been developed in energy storage power, NASA and University of Alabama Birmingham branch school cooperatively
Low temperature store product Polar.The device equally uses free-piston Stirling cooler as cold source, it can be achieved that -80 DEG C
Low temperature storage and sample transport, it is 12.7L that maximum, which saves volume,.
The theoretical refrigerating efficiency of sterlin refrigerator is equal to Carnot efficiency, and efficiency when actual motion is also current institute
There is highest one kind of efficiency in Cryo Refrigerator.Free-piston Stirling cooler structure is by William Beale in 20th century
It proposes the sixties, is mainly characterized by using linear compressor driving, flexure spring support, clearance seal combination gas bearing
Etc. technologies, have it is compact-sized, noise is small, the service life is long, high reliability.The liberty of commerce of Sunpower company exploitation
Highest relative carnot efficiency of the piston Stirling cooler in liquid nitrogen temperature has broken through 20%, subsidiary Stirling
What the low temperature refrigerator that Ultracold company (former Global Cooling company) develops used is exactly free piston stirling system
Cold.2012, Stirling Ultracold companies compare two-stage overlapping low-temperature refrigerator and Stirling low temperature refrigerator, discovery
There is significant advantage in energy-saving square face using the low temperature refrigerator of free-piston Stirling cooler, with traditional low temperature refrigerator phase
Than Stirling low temperature refrigerator can save energy more than 50%.
By the application status of the above free-piston Stirling cooler as it can be seen that free-piston Stirling cooler have compared with
Good application prospect, especially merits attention in space refrigeration application aspect, for low temperature refrigerator field, main refrigerant
Warm area is between 120~200K, and low temperature sterlin refrigerator studied both at home and abroad at present is mainly near liquid nitrogen temperature.It is special
Be not domestic scientific research mechanism, to middle warm area (120K~200K) refrigeration small-sized cryogenic mechanical refrigeration machine research relatively not
Foot.
Since space refrigeration has strict requirements to energy consumption, the efficiency for improving refrigeration machine is exactly space refrigeration always
The mainstream research direction of machine, the space refrigerating machine of mainstream is mainly sterlin refrigerator and vascular refrigerator at present, compares the two
Theoretical refrigerating efficiency, for thermodynamics, equality of temperature limit work under pulse tube refrigeration engine efficiency be always lower than Stirling system
Cold.
Why the efficiency of vascular refrigerator is lower than sterlin refrigerator, is primarily due to vascular refrigerator unlike this spy
Woods refrigeration machine has structure as expansion piston by the expansion work " feedback " of gas to compression chamber, the expansion work master in vascular hot end
To be dissipated in environment in the form of heat by phase modulating mechanism such as inertia tube and air reservoir, cause pulse tube refrigeration engine efficiency compared with
It is low.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve its refrigerating efficiency, acoustic power recovery type pulse tube refrigeration while guaranteeing vascular refrigerator own advantages
Machine comes into being.For the occasion of small refrigeration requirement, the sound function that vascular refrigerator dissipates in phase modulating mechanism is very small, sound function
The meaning of recycling is not very significant, and for the high-power pulse tube refrigeration machine to freeze in high temperature area, hot end is dissipated
Sound function it is very considerable, to this part sound function it is effective recycling be expected to greatly improve its refrigerating efficiency.Therefore, acoustic power recovery type
Vascular refrigerator has higher researching value in terms of middle warm area High cooling power.
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of new frames and vascular for free-piston Stirling cooler
Type free-piston Stirling cooler.
The present invention provides a kind of racks for free-piston Stirling cooler, have the feature that, including method
Orchid, expansion piston pipe, compression piston pipe and pedestal, wherein flange shape in disk form, the one side of the flange are provided with together
The disk of the heart, another side are connected with pedestal, and pedestal is cylindrical in shape, and one end is connected with flange, and the other end is free end, pedestal
Center line is overlapped with the center line of flange, and expansion piston pipe is straight pipe, and one end is connected with disk, and the other end is free end,
For connecting the pulse tube of refrigeration machine, there is cylindrical expansion chamber, compression piston pipe is straight pipe, and setting exists in expansion piston pipe
In pedestal, one end is connected with flange, and the other end is free end, has compression cylinder chamber, compression chamber and expansion in compression piston pipe
Chamber coaxial line and it is connected, is parallel to compression cavity axis, multiple connection compression piston chambers and external logical is provided on disk
Hole, the internal diameter of compression chamber are greater than the internal diameter of expansion chamber, and the internal diameter of expansion chamber and the internal diameter of pulse tube are identical.
In the rack provided by the present invention for free-piston Stirling cooler, it can also have the feature that：
Wherein, the quantity of through-hole is between 3-9.
In addition, can also have such in the rack provided by the present invention for free-piston Stirling cooler
Feature：Wherein, multiple connecting screw holes are provided on the free end of pedestal.
In addition, can also have such in the rack provided by the present invention for free-piston Stirling cooler
Feature：Wherein, the axis of through-hole is parallel to compression piston pipe axis, and the section of through-hole is arc groove.
The present invention provides a kind of pulse type free-piston Stirling coolers, have the feature that, including rack,
Rack is the above-mentioned rack of any one.
In addition, in pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler provided by the invention, which is characterized in that further include straight
Line motor, linear motor include outer yoke, interior yoke and mover, and outer yoke, interior yoke are respectively set on the rack and outer yoke
There is gap, mover is arranged in gap between iron, interior yoke.
In addition, in pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler provided by the invention, which is characterized in that further include pressure
Contracting unit, compression unit have compression piston, compression piston spring, and compression piston spring connects by the way that connector and rack are fixed
It connects, compression piston is arranged in piston tube, and one end is connected with mover and is connected with compression piston spring, and the other end is free end.
In addition, in pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler provided by the invention, which is characterized in that further include swollen
Swollen machine unit, expanding machine unit include expansion piston, expansion piston spring, expansion piston bar, level-one hot end heat exchanger, second level
Hot end heat exchanger, regenerator, pulse tube, cool end heat exchanger, level-one hot end heat exchanger is cylindrical, covers in expansion piston pipe
On outer wall and be arranged on the end face of roundel, one end of pulse tube is connected with expansion piston pipe lateral ends, the other end with
Cool end heat exchanger is connected, and regenerator is cylindrical, and the outside of pulse tube is arranged in, and one end is connected with cool end heat exchanger, the other end
It is connected with level-one hot end heat exchanger, second level hot end heat exchanger is arranged in pulse tube, and expansion piston is swollen in expansion piston pipe
Swollen piston spring is fixedly connected by connector with rack, and one end of expansion piston bar is connected with expansion piston, and the other end is worn
Be connected after overcompression piston, compression piston spring with expansion piston spring, compression piston, expansion piston, compression piston chamber and
Expansion piston chamber constitutes compression chamber, and expansion piston, second level hot end heat exchanger and expansion piston chamber constitute expansion chamber.
The action and effect of invention
Related coaxial pulse-tube type free-piston Stirling cooler according to the present invention, including driving unit, compression list
Member, expanding machine unit.
Coaxial pulse-tube type free-piston Stirling cooler of the invention eliminates traditional free-piston Stirling cooler
Longer low-temperature expansion piston is replaced with shorter room-temperature zone work work recycling expansion piston.Free-piston Stirling cooler
Expansion cylinder become the pulse tube of vascular cold finger, pulse tube cold end is disposed with the air deflector of laminarization, and hot end is equipped with second level
Hot end heat exchanger.The advantages of this change combines free-piston Stirling cooler and vascular refrigerator, by cancelling
The expansion piston of hot and cold side high frequency motion eliminates low-temperature expansion piston bring pumping loss, shuttles and lose and axially lead
Heat loss.Shorter swell at room temperature piston is set by hot end and solves the problems, such as the acoustic power recovery of vascular refrigerator, therefore, when
When recycling cold end sound function completely, which is Carnot's cycle efficiency.Together
When, cancelling low-temperature expansion piston reduces refrigeration machine manufacture difficulty, reduces overall mass.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler diagrammatic cross-section in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of rack in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is A direction view in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is C-C cross-sectional view in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram of rack in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is a kind of perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram of rack in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler diagrammatic cross-section in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of rack in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 9 is B direction view in Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is D-D cross-sectional view in Fig. 9；
Figure 11 is integrated open frame schematic cross-sectional view in embodiment six；
Figure 12 is integrated open frame schematic cross-sectional view in embodiment seven；And
Figure 13 is that the pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler in the embodiment of the present invention with segmented regenerator cuts open
Face schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, below
Embodiment combination attached drawing is specifically addressed coaxial pulse-tube type free-piston Stirling cooler of the invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, coaxial pulse-tube type free-piston Stirling cooler includes linear motor 1, compression unit, expansion
Machine unit, undamped dynamic absorber unit 4, rack 50 and shell 60.
As shown in Fig. 2,3,4,5, rack 50 includes flange 52, the piston tube 51 being arranged in flange 52 and pedestal 53,
Wherein, the shape in disk form of flange 52, the side of the flange are additionally provided with concentric roundel 521, on flange 52
It is even to be provided with multiple connection through-holes.
Pedestal 53 is cylindrical in shape, and one end is connected with the side of flange 52, and the other end is free end, the center line of pedestal 53 with
The center line of flange 52 is overlapped, and is provided with multiple connecting screw holes on the free end of pedestal 53, in embodiment, pedestal 53 be around
Four supporting legs of the center line of flange 52.
Piston tube 51 be straight pipe, be arranged in flange 52 and with 52 coaxial line of flange, lateral ends opening be located at roundlet
The outside of disk 521, inner opposite end opening are located in pedestal 53, have cylinder-piston chamber in piston tube 51, are provided in plunger shaft
Multiple perpendicular to piston tube axis and to penetrate the through-hole 511 of piston tube wall, in embodiment, the section of through-hole 511 is circular arc
Slot, quantity are 3.
As a kind of deformation, as shown in fig. 6, having multiple through-hole 511A in rack 50A, the section of through-hole 511A is length
Hole, the length direction of the long hole are parallel to 51 axis of piston tube.
Linear motor 1 includes outer yoke 11, interior yoke 14 and mover, and outer yoke 11, interior yoke 14 are separately positioned on machine
There is gap, mover is arranged in gap, and mover includes permanent magnet 13 and permanent magnet branch on frame and between outer yoke, interior yoke
Frame 15.
As shown in Figure 1, linear motor 1 mainly includes outer yoke 11, coil 12, permanent magnet 13, interior yoke 14, permanent magnet
Bracket 15, mover include permanent magnet 13, permanent magnetism body support frame 15, connector 16, fixture nut 18, compression piston 19 and compression
Piston flat spring 17 (only takes the 1/3 of flat spring quality when calculating mover quality), and permanent magnetism body support frame 15 is connected with permanent magnet 13
It connects, and is connected through a screw thread with compression piston 19 and connector 16.Outer yoke 11 is soft magnetic materials with interior yoke 14, commonly uses electricity
The production of the materials such as function pure iron, silicon steel sheet, permanent magnet 13 are permanent-magnet material, commonly use Ru-Fe-Mn, alnico permanent magnetic material to make.
Outer yoke 11, coil 12, permanent magnet 13, interior yoke 14 are annular, and using coaxially arranged.Outer yoke 11, interior yoke
14 are separately positioned in rack 50 and have gap between outer yoke, interior yoke, and mover is arranged in gap.
When coil is passed through direct current, outer yoke 11 and interior yoke 14 will form magnetic force loop line, thus in outer 11 He of yoke
Magnetic pole is generated on interior yoke 14.When being passed through alternating current in coil, permanent magnet 13 just will receive alternating electromagnetic force and do reciprocal
Linear motion.When permanent magnet 13 does linear reciprocating motion, it will drive compression piston 19 and do linear reciprocating motion, compression piston
Flat spring 17 provides axial reciprocating elastic power and radial support.
Compression unit includes connector 16, compression piston flat spring 17, fixture nut 18, compression piston 19.Compression piston
Flat spring 17 is connected by fixture nut 18 with connector 16, and compression piston flat spring 17 and rack 50 are solid by connector
Fixed connection, compression piston 19 are arranged in plunger shaft, and one end is connected with mover and is connected with compression piston spring 17, the other end
For free end.
Expanding machine unit include expansion piston 21, expansion piston flat spring 22, piston rod 23, level-one hot end heat exchanger 26,
Second level hot end heat exchanger 33, regenerator 25, pulse tube 31, cool end heat exchanger 24, cold finger shell 35,
Level-one hot end heat exchanger 26 is cylindrical, covers on the outer wall of piston tube 51 and be arranged in the end face of roundel 521
On, level-one hot end heat exchanger 26 and rack 50 are separate structure, and level-one hot end heat exchanger 26 and the outer wall interference of piston tube 51 are matched
It closes.
One end of pulse tube 31 is connected with 51 lateral ends of piston tube, and the other end is connected with cool end heat exchanger 24,
Regenerator 25 is in the cylindrical shape of ring-shaped section and ring-shaped, and the outside of pulse tube 31, one end and cool end heat exchanger 24 is arranged in
It is connected, the other end is connected with level-one hot end heat exchanger 26.
Second level hot end heat exchanger 33 is arranged in pulse tube 31, positioned at the junction of pulse tube 31 and piston tube 51, second level
Hot end heat exchanger 33 and rack 50 are separate structure, the inner wall interference fit of second level hot end heat exchanger 33 and piston tube 51.
Expansion piston 21 is arranged in piston tube 51, and expansion piston flat spring 22 connects by the way that connector and rack 50 are fixed
Connect, one end of piston rod 23 is connected with expansion piston 21, the other end pass through compression piston 19, after compression piston flat spring 17 with
Expansion piston flat spring 22 is connected,
Compression piston 19, expansion piston 21 and plunger shaft constitute compression chamber, compression piston 19, second level hot end heat exchanger
33 and plunger shaft constitute expansion chamber, expansion chamber and compression chamber are coaxially arranged.
The outside of level-one hot end heat exchanger 26, regenerator 25, cool end heat exchanger 24 is arranged in cold finger shell 35, and shell 60 is set
The outside in rack 50 and expanding machine unit 30 is set, shell 60, cold finger shell 35 and rack 50 connect into one by connector
Body.
Undamped dynamic absorber unit 4 is connected with shell 60 and is arranged in the outside of shell 60, for carrying out to refrigeration machine
Damping.
The motion process and gas flow of expansion piston and compression piston：
Expansion piston flat spring 22 and piston rod 23 are fixed, and expansion piston 21 is connected with piston rod 23.
Expansion piston 21 is pure pneumatic actuation, is produced using the displacement phase difference between expansion piston 21 and compression piston 19
Raw refrigeration effect, 70 °~100 ° of displacement of the leading compression piston 19 of displacement of usual expansion piston 21, in low-temperature space (cold head temperature
Degree is at -153 DEG C or less) when, displacement phase difference can be decreased to 50~60 °.Since linear motor is sinusoidal ac excitation, institute
Movement with expansion piston 21 and compression piston 19 is also in sinusoidal continuous movement, but in order to illustrate its work original
Reason, it is assumed that expansion piston 21 and compression piston 19 do intermittent touchdown formula according to circulation law and move.
Sound wave compression process：Expansion piston 21 rests on that top dead centre is motionless, and compression piston 19 is moved upwards by lower dead center,
The sound wave in main compression chamber 29 is compressed at this time, and flows into the level-one hot end heat exchanger 26 on the outside of cylinder, and compression process is generated
Heat be released to level-one hot end heat exchanger 26, heat is passed to outside by outer housing again by level-one hot end heat exchanger 26
Radiator 27, is finally released to environment.Ideally think cylinder and outer housing is completely thermally conductive, while level-one hot end
The heat exchange area of heat exchanger 26 and radiator 27 is infinitely great, therefore the temperature of working medium remains unchanged.But in the actual process, etc.
Temperature and pressure contracting be it is impossible, and expansion piston 21 can not intermittent movement, in the when expansion that compression piston 19 moves upwards
Piston 21, which has begun, to be moved downward.
Regenerator exothermic process：Compression piston 19 moves to motionless after top dead centre, and expansion piston 21 moves downward, at this time
Sound wave comes into full contact with heat exchange by the filler in regenerator 25, with regenerator 25, heat is discharged to regenerator 25, at this time
The temperature of regenerator 25 increases, acoustic wave temperature and pressure reduction.But in practical heat transfer process, 25 heat transfer process of regenerator is simultaneously
It is not constant volume, it is also not possible to the complete heat exchange of 25 filler of real sound wave and regenerator.
Sound wave Laminar Flow process：Gas passes through air deflector 32 after flowing through cool end heat exchanger 24, enters as a laminar flow
Gas in pulse tube 31 is pushed to expansion chamber 28 by pulse tube 31.After gas is squeezed, pressure and temperature rises.The heat of generation
It is radially transferred to level-one hot end heat exchanger 26 by second level hot end heat exchanger 33, be finally transmitted to radiator 27 and is released to
Environment.Gas expansion for doing work in expansion chamber 28, to lower dead center, function recycles compression chamber 34B and becomes auxiliary pushing expansion piston
It is small, play the role of recycling sound function.In practical work process, compression piston 19 can't rest on always top dead centre, and
Be can be moved downwardly together with expansion piston 21, but it need to be pointed out that the two is not movement in the same direction but expansion piston is leading
The certain phase angle of compression piston.
Sound wave process of refrigerastion：Expansion piston 21 moves up to top dead centre since lower dead center, and compression piston 19 moves to
Lower dead center, expansion piston 21 push back to the sound wave in expansion chamber 28 in pulse tube 31, gas swelling heat absorption in pulse tube,
Refrigeration effect is generated, reaches lowest refrigerating temperature at air deflector 32 at 31 top of pulse tube.The cooling capacity of generation passes through cold end
Heat exchanger 24 is exported to cold environment.Sound wave working medium returns in regenerator 25 along original route again and comes into full contact with heat exchange with filler,
After absorbing the heat in regenerator 25, returns to main compression chamber 29 and wait next second compression.The temperature and pressure of the process sound wave
Power rises, the decline of 25 temperature of regenerator.In the actual process, expansion piston 21 does not reach when compression piston 19 reaches lower dead center
To top dead centre, but during returning to top dead centre, but its still advanced compression piston 19 on displacement wave phase.
The present embodiment is suitable for the cryogenic temperature of 220K (- 53 DEG C) or more, can provide the refrigerating capacity of 50W-200W.
Embodiment two
As shown in fig. 7, coaxial pulse-tube type free-piston Stirling cooler includes linear motor 1, compression unit, expansion
Machine unit, undamped dynamic absorber unit 4, rack 50B and shell 60.
As shown in Figure 8,9, 10, rack 50B includes flange 52B, expansion piston pipe 51B, compression piston pipe 54B and bottom
Seat 53B,
Wherein, flange 52B shape in disk form, the one side of flange 52B are provided with concentric disk 521B, the other side
Face is connected with pedestal 53B, and multiple connection through-holes are evenly arranged on flange 52B.
Pedestal 53B is cylindrical in shape, one end be connected with flange 52B and with disk 521B coaxial line, the other end is free end, bottom
The center line of seat 53B is overlapped with the center line of flange 52B, and multiple connecting screw holes are provided on the free end of pedestal 53B, is implemented
In example, pedestal 53B is four supporting legs of the center line around pedestal 53B.
Expansion piston pipe 51B is straight pipe, and one end is connected with disk 521B, and the other end is free end, for connecting refrigeration
The pulse tube of machine, expansion piston pipe 51B is interior to have cylindrical expansion plunger shaft 511B,
Compression piston pipe 54B is straight pipe, is arranged in pedestal 53B, and one end is connected and same with flange 52B with flange 52B
Axis, the other end are free end, have compression cylinder plunger shaft 541B in compression piston pipe 54B, compression piston chamber 541B with it is swollen
Swollen plunger shaft 511B coaxial line and it is connected.
It is parallel to compression piston chamber 541B axis, multiple connection compression piston chamber 541B and outer are provided on disk 521B
The quantity of the through-hole 522B in portion, through-hole 522B are between 3-9.In embodiment, the section of through-hole 522B is arc groove, quantity
It is 4.
The internal diameter of compression piston chamber 541B be greater than expansion piston chamber 511B internal diameter, the internal diameter of expansion piston chamber 511B with
The internal diameter of pulse tube is identical.
Linear motor 1 includes outer yoke 11, interior yoke 14 and mover, and outer yoke 11, interior yoke 14 are separately positioned on machine
There is gap, mover is arranged in gap, and mover includes permanent magnet 13 and permanent magnet branch on frame and between outer yoke, interior yoke
Frame 15.
As shown in fig. 7, linear motor 1 mainly includes outer yoke 11, coil 12, permanent magnet 13, interior yoke 14, permanent magnet
Bracket 15, mover include permanent magnet 13, permanent magnetism body support frame 15, connector 16, fixture nut 18, compression piston 19 and compression
Piston flat spring 17 (only takes the 1/3 of flat spring quality when calculating mover quality), and permanent magnetism body support frame 15 is connected with permanent magnet 13
It connects, and is connected through a screw thread with compression piston 19 and connector 16.Outer yoke 11 is soft magnetic materials with interior yoke 14, commonly uses electricity
The production of the materials such as function pure iron, silicon steel sheet, permanent magnet 13 are permanent-magnet material, commonly use Ru-Fe-Mn, alnico permanent magnetic material to make.
Outer yoke 11, coil 12, permanent magnet 13, interior yoke 14 are annular, and using coaxially arranged.Outer yoke 11, interior yoke
14 are separately positioned on rack 50B and have gap between outer yoke, interior yoke, and mover is arranged in gap.
When coil is passed through direct current, outer yoke 11 and interior yoke 14 will form magnetic force loop line, thus in outer 11 He of yoke
Magnetic pole is generated on interior yoke 14.When being passed through alternating current in coil, permanent magnet 13 just will receive alternating electromagnetic force and do reciprocal
Linear motion.When permanent magnet 13 does linear reciprocating motion, it will drive compression piston 19 and do linear reciprocating motion, compression piston
Flat spring 17 provides axial reciprocating elastic power and radial support.
Compression unit includes connector 16, compression piston flat spring 17, fixture nut 18, compression piston 19.Compression piston
Flat spring 17 is connected by fixture nut 18 with connector 16, and compression piston flat spring 17 and rack 50B are solid by connector
Fixed connection, compression piston 19 are arranged in compression piston chamber 541B, one end be connected with mover and with 17 phase of compression piston spring
Even, the other end is free end.
Expanding machine unit includes expansion piston 21B, expansion piston flat spring 22B, piston rod 23B, level-one hot end heat exchanger
26B, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B, regenerator 25B, pulse tube 31B, cool end heat exchanger 24B, cold finger shell 35B.
Level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B is cylindrical, covers on the outer wall of expansion piston pipe 51B and is arranged in roundel
On the end face of 521B, level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B and rack 50B are separate structure, level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B and piston tube
The outer wall of 51B is interference fitted.
One end of pulse tube 31B is connected with one end of expansion piston pipe 51B, and the other end is connected with cool end heat exchanger 24B.
Regenerator 25B is in the cylindrical shape of ring-shaped section and ring-shaped, and the outside of pulse tube 31B, one end and cool end heat exchanger is arranged in
24B is connected, and the other end is connected with level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B.Regenerator 25B uses polyester film, nylon and polytetrafluoro
Any one in vinyl material is made, and regenerator 25B is used and is made of polyester film in embodiment.
Second level hot end heat exchanger 33B is arranged in pulse tube 31B, positioned at the company of pulse tube 31B and expansion piston pipe 51B
Place is met, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B and rack 50B are separate structure, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B and expansion piston pipe 51B's
Inner wall interference fit.
Expansion piston 21B is arranged in expansion piston pipe 51B, and expansion piston flat spring 22B passes through connector and rack
50B is fixedly connected, and one end of piston rod 23B is connected with expansion piston 21B, and the other end passes through compression piston 19, compression piston plate
It is connected after spring 17 with expansion piston flat spring 22B,
Compression piston 19, expansion piston 21B, compression piston chamber 541B and expansion piston chamber 511B constitute compression chamber.
Expansion piston 21B, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B and expansion piston chamber 511B constitute expansion chamber.Expansion chamber and pressure
Contracting chamber is coaxially arranged.
The outside of level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B, regenerator 25B, cool end heat exchanger 24B, shell is arranged in cold finger shell 35B
60 are arranged in the outside of rack 50B and expanding machine unit, and shell 60, cold finger shell 35B are connect with rack 50B by connector
Integrally.
Radiator 27 is located at the outside of level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B and is arranged on cold finger shell 35B, the heat exchange of level-one hot end
Heat is passed to the radiator 27 in outside by device 26B by cold finger shell 35B, is finally released to environment.
Undamped dynamic absorber unit 4 is connected with shell 60 and is arranged in the outside of shell 60, for carrying out to refrigeration machine
Damping.
Sound wave Laminar Flow process：Gas is flowed through by air deflector 32B after cool end heat exchanger 24B, as a laminar flow into
Enter pulse tube 31B, gas in pulse tube 31B is pushed to expansion chamber 28B.After gas is squeezed, pressure and temperature rises.It generates
Heat level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B is radially transferred to by second level hot end heat exchanger 33B, be finally transmitted to radiator 27
And it is released to environment.Gas expansion for doing work in expansion chamber 28B, auxiliary pushing expansion piston are pressed to lower dead center, function recycling
Contracting chamber 34B becomes smaller, and plays the role of recycling sound function.In practical work process, compression piston 19 can't be rested on always
Top dead centre, but can be moved downwardly together with expansion piston 21B, but it need to be pointed out that the two is not movement in the same direction but swollen
The certain phase angle of swollen piston leads compression piston.
The present embodiment be suitable for 120K~220K (- 153 DEG C~-53 DEG C) cryogenic temperature section, can provide 20W~
The refrigerating capacity of 50W.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment other structures are identical as embodiment two, the difference is that further including being arranged in the one end pulse tube 31B and position
In the air deflector 32B in pulse tube 31B, air deflector 32B is connected with cool end heat exchanger 24B.
Example IV
The present embodiment other structures are identical as embodiment three, unlike cool end heat exchanger 24B and regenerator 25B it
Between be additionally provided with the first filtering layer, the first filtering layer is in the tubular of ring-shaped section and ring-shaped, be made of stainless steel cloth, stainless steel wire
String diameter is 20-50 μm, and in embodiment, the string diameter of stainless steel wire is 30 μm.Pressure drop is small when helium passes through the stainless steel wire layer, no
The steel wire floor that becomes rusty has cold-storage ability strong, the strong feature of mobility.
Embodiment five
The present embodiment other structures are identical as example IV, unlike and hot end heat exchanger
26B and regenerator 25B is additionally provided with the second filtering layer, and the second filtering layer is in the tubular of ring-shaped section and ring-shaped, using degreasing sheep
Hair is made.The string diameter of wool is 10-30 μm, and in embodiment, the string diameter of wool is 20 μm.Wool layer has buffering assembly, adjustment
The characteristics of fitted position.
As shown in figure 13, segmented regenerator is divided into three sections, from top to bottom respectively stainless steel cloth, polyester film
And steeping wool, length ratio are 1:8:1, the voidage of stainless steel cloth, polyester film and steeping wool is respectively
70%, 50%, 70%.
Embodiment six
The present embodiment other structures are identical as embodiment two, the difference is that second level hot end heat exchanger 33B1 and rack 50B is
Integral structure.As shown in figure 11, in embodiment, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B1 is integrally made using aluminium with rack 50B
50B1。
The integral structure of second level hot end heat exchanger 33B1 and rack 50B effectively eliminates second level hot end heat exchanger 33B1
With the thermal contact resistance between rack 50B, meanwhile, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B1 can also play the role of air deflector.
Embodiment seven
The present embodiment other structures are identical as embodiment six, the difference is that level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B2 and rack 50B is
Integral structure.As shown in figure 12, in embodiment, level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B2, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B1 and rack
50B integrally uses aluminium to be made 50B2.
The integral structure of level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B2, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B1 and rack 50B are effectively eliminated
Thermal contact resistance between level-one hot end heat exchanger 26B2, second level hot end heat exchanger 33B1 and rack 50B, meanwhile, second level hot end
Heat exchanger 33B1 can also play the role of air deflector.
The action and effect of embodiment
The pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler of the present embodiment eliminate traditional free-piston Stirling cooler compared with
Long low-temperature expansion piston is replaced with shorter room-temperature zone work work recycling expansion piston.Free-piston Stirling cooler
Expansion cylinder becomes the pulse tube of vascular cold finger, and pulse tube cold end is disposed with the air deflector of laminarization, and hot end is equipped with second level heat
Hold heat exchanger.The advantages of this change combines free-piston Stirling cooler and vascular refrigerator, by cancelling cold
The expansion piston of hot end high frequency motion eliminates low-temperature expansion piston bring pumping loss, shuttle loss and axial thermal conductivity
Loss.Shorter swell at room temperature piston is set by hot end and solves the problems, such as the acoustic power recovery of vascular refrigerator, therefore, when complete
When full recycling cold end sound function, which is Carnot's cycle efficiency.Together
When, cancelling low-temperature expansion piston reduces refrigeration machine manufacture difficulty, reduces overall mass.
Above embodiment is preferred case of the invention, the protection scope being not intended to limit the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of rack for free-piston Stirling cooler, which is characterized in that including：
Flange, expansion piston pipe, compression piston pipe and pedestal,
Wherein, flange shape in disk form, the one side of the flange are provided with concentric disk, another side and the pedestal
It is connected,
The pedestal is cylindrical in shape, and one end is connected with flange, and the other end is free end, the center line of the pedestal and the flange
Center line is overlapped,
The expansion piston pipe is straight pipe, and one end is connected with the disk, and the other end is free end, for connecting refrigeration machine
Pulse tube, the expansion piston pipe is interior to have cylindrical expansion plunger shaft,
The compression piston pipe is straight pipe, is arranged in the pedestal, and one end is connected with the flange, and the other end is freely
End, have in the compression piston pipe compression cylinder plunger shaft, the compression piston chamber and the expansion piston chamber coaxial line and
It is connected,
It is parallel to the compression piston cavity axis, multiple connection compression piston chambers are provided on the disk and are led to external
Hole,
The internal diameter of the compression piston chamber is greater than the internal diameter of the expansion piston chamber, the internal diameter and the arteries and veins of the expansion piston chamber
The internal diameter of washing pipe is identical.
2. the rack according to claim 1 for free-piston Stirling cooler, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the quantity of the through-hole is between 3-9.
3. the rack according to claim 1 for free-piston Stirling cooler, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, multiple connecting screw holes are provided on the free end of the pedestal.
4. the rack according to claim 1 for free-piston Stirling cooler, it is characterised in that：
Wherein, the section of the through-hole is arc groove.
5. a kind of pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler, which is characterized in that including：
Rack, the rack are rack described in any one in claim 1-4.
6. pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include：
Linear motor,
The linear motor includes outer yoke, interior yoke and mover, and the outer yoke, the interior yoke are separately positioned on described
There is gap, the mover setting is in the gap in rack and between outer yoke, interior yoke.
7. pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include：
Compression unit,
The compression unit has compression piston, compression piston spring, and the compression piston spring passes through connector and the machine
Frame is fixedly connected, and the compression piston is arranged in the compression piston chamber, one end be connected with the mover and with the compression
Piston spring is connected, and the other end is free end.
8. pulse type free-piston Stirling cooler according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include：
Expanding machine unit,
The expanding machine unit includes expansion piston, expansion piston spring, expansion piston bar, level-one hot end heat exchanger, second level heat
Heat exchanger, regenerator, pulse tube, cool end heat exchanger are held,
The level-one hot end heat exchanger is cylindrical, covers on the outer wall of the expansion piston pipe and the roundel is arranged in
On end face,
One end of the pulse tube is connected with the piston tube lateral ends, and the other end is connected with the cool end heat exchanger,
The regenerator is cylindrical, and the outside of the pulse tube is arranged in, and one end is connected with the cool end heat exchanger, the other end
It is connected with the level-one hot end heat exchanger,
Second level hot end heat exchanger is arranged in the pulse tube,
In the expansion piston chamber, the expansion piston spring connects the expansion piston by the way that connector and the rack are fixed
It connects, one end of the expansion piston bar is connected with the expansion piston, and the other end passes through the compression piston, the compression piston
It is connected after spring with the expansion piston spring,
The compression piston, the expansion piston, the compression piston chamber and the expansion piston chamber constitute compression chamber,
The expansion piston, the second level hot end heat exchanger and the expansion piston chamber constitute expansion chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810437027.5A CN108826730B (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Frame and pulse tube type free piston Stirling refrigerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810437027.5A CN108826730B (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Frame and pulse tube type free piston Stirling refrigerator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108826730B CN108826730B (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810437027.5A Active CN108826730B (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Frame and pulse tube type free piston Stirling refrigerator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111089435A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-05-01 | 上海厚酷科技有限公司 | Refrigerating machine |
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| CN1127876A (en) * | 1995-01-24 | 1996-07-31 | 中国科学院低温技术实验中心 | Reversible vessel refrigerator driven by conventional gas refrigerator |
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| CN108826730B (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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