CN108821280A - Active carbon prepare charcoal, the application in mixed type burning particles - Google Patents

Active carbon prepare charcoal, the application in mixed type burning particles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108821280A
CN108821280A CN201810529963.9A CN201810529963A CN108821280A CN 108821280 A CN108821280 A CN 108821280A CN 201810529963 A CN201810529963 A CN 201810529963A CN 108821280 A CN108821280 A CN 108821280A
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xylo
oligosaccharide
stalk
active carbon
rice straw
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Inventor
林元山
田云
刘维
蒋维勇
王珂瑶
苏泽琳
孙欣
祝凌志
周海燕
王翀
管桂萍
刘虎虎
卢向阳
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Hunan Agricultural University
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Hunan Agricultural University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30—Active carbon
    • C01B32/312—Preparation
    • C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
    • C01B32/324—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of active carbon of new method preparation prepare charcoal, the application in mixed type burning particles.The present invention be recycle rice straw process in waste, innoxious use environmentally friendly technology.

Description

Active carbon prepare charcoal, the application in mixed type burning particles
Technical field
The invention belongs to modern agriculture industry technical fields, and in particular to active carbon is preparing charcoal, mixed type burning Application in particle.
Background technique
Rice is Chinese first generalized grain crop, about 3185.7 ten thousand hm of annual planting area2, about 200,000,000 tons of gross annual output amount, respectively Account for the one third of the Farming gross area and the half of total output of grain.And Hunan Province's Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area and yield occupy National the first, annual planting area is stablized in 405.0 ten thousand hm2, gross annual output amount is up to 2578.6 ten thousand tons；It is followed by Jiangxi, Guangxi, river Soviet Union, Anhui, Guangdong, Hubei, Sichuan, Heilungkiang etc. save, and the Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area in these provinces is every year more than 200.0 ten thousand hm2, year Total output is more than 1000.0 ten thousand tons.According to statistics, the ratio of grain to straw of rice is 0.98-1.03, the biomass of rice straw and rice paddy Grain yield is roughly the same, is an important living resources.Only rice straw annual amount in Hunan Province's is more than 25,000,000 tons, and other The rice straw total amount of main product provinces and regions is equally huge.All kinds of agricultural crop straw gross annual output amounts in China are just up to 600,000,000 tons or more, with water Based on rice, corn and wheat, 76.1% is accounted for altogether；Wherein, 2.3 hundred million tons of straw, occupy first place.Rice straw dry after water content It is 13.0%, apparent density is lower than 0.1g/cm3, after the tired bundle of mechanical pressurization, density 0.2-0.3g/cm3；The ash of rice straw In melting point character temperature, deformation temperature be 925 DEG C, softening temperature be 970 DEG C, 1120 DEG C of hemispherical fusion temperature, flowing temperature 1222.5 ℃；Combust content 13.0%, volatile matter content 67.2%, fixed carbon 6.3%.It is flexible and tough just because rice straw is light Property is good, and general pulverizer is difficult to effectively crush.Rice straw C/N ratio with higher, main component, one kind is to be easy to drop Protein, minerals, lipid of solution etc..Another kind of is cellulose difficult to degrade, hemicellulose and lignin, accounts for stalk dry matter The 70%-80% of content, wherein about 35% being cellulose, 25% be hemicellulose and 15% being lignin.And cellulosic molecule Half-life period of the connecting key at 25 DEG C be 500-800 10000 years, extremely difficult decomposition in its natural state.Since rice straw is light, Volatile matter content is higher, is easily ignited, and is easy to after-flame, and in the combustion process of field, heated airflow brings ash particles into atmosphere, shape At serious pollution.
Therefore, huge social and economic effects rationally will be generated using rice straw resource, however, unordered utilize, is useless It abandons or burning is the universal status that China's rice straw utilizes, which results in the significant wastages of resource and serious environmental pollution to ask Topic.In recent years, haze weather had seriously affected daily life.And according to satellite monitoring, burning stalk becomes mist The arch-criminal of haze prevents haze from having become the annual emphasis supervision item of Basic Government.But vast farmers are because feel not enjoy straw Stalk prohibits the material benefit after burning, and burning straw phenomenon still remains incessant after repeated prohibition, this illustrates that there are also very long in agriculture practice management aspect in China Road to walk.Therefore, the Fertilizer Transformed of stalk, fodder, energy, base-material, raw materialization this " five change ", which utilizes, has become science The hot issue of research and production application.
Currently, the utilization method of rice straw mainly has：Directly burn, straw directly returning to field, straw feed, stalk energy Source, straw pulp, the methods of stalk fertilizer.But these processing methods, because handling cost excessive (time cost and the labour of stalk Based on power cost) and surcharge is low, it is as a result very unsatisfactory.
Xylo-oligosaccharide is a kind of functional carbohydrate, is the function being combined by 2-7 xylose molecule with β (1-4) glycosidic bond It can property polymerization sugar.It is the optimal prebiotics of Bifidobacterium, colonizing for beneficial bacterium especially Bifidobacterium in animal intestinal tract can be promoted, presses down Harmful microbe breeding processed, improves immunity of organisms.The effect of xylo-oligosaccharide property is that other polymerization carbohydrates are (oligofructose, low Poly- galactolipin, milk ketose, soyabean oligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharide, gossypose, lactosucrose) 20 times.
It is original with corncob mainly using Shandong Long Li company as representative in current patent, documents and materials and production method Material is prepared through enzymatic hydrolysis, is completed in conjunction with UF membrane, active carbon decoloring.But in existing preparation method, initial feed is wood Glycan obtains by the purification of the methods of ethanol precipitation, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration column chromatography, limits the application range of the technology.Especially exist Rice straw prepares xylo-oligosaccharide aspect due at high cost, and technology difficulty is big, still without industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of active carbon of new method preparation prepare charcoal, Purposes in mixed type burning particles.
The active carbon is prepared as follows：
(1) guillotine cutting of rice straw：Dry rice straw is cut to the segment rice straw of 3-6cm；
(2) infiltration of segment rice straw：By the segment rice straw of 3-6cm, tap water complete wetting is used at normal temperature 60-90min makes stalk water content up to 75-90%；
(3) steam blasting of stalk is moistened：It is that the wet stalk steam blasting machine of 75%-90% segment is continuous by water content Explosion, explosion saturated vapour pressure are 1.15-1.55MPa, and the corresponding temperature of explosion saturated vapour pressure is 186-200 DEG C；Pressure Power is held time as 2-4min, and abrupt release pressure obtains stalk solidliquid mixture；
(4) the stalk high speed wet pulverizing after explosion：Stalk solidliquid mixture is crushed to 80-200 mesh, during which, is added certainly It is 1 that water, which adjusts the solid-liquid mass ratio in solidliquid mixture,：(8-15).
(5) the enzyme process effectively hydrolyzing of little particle rice straw fiber：It will be resulting after high speed wet pulverizing by step (4) Stalk particle, add zytase 100-200IU by the every kg stalk particle of dry weight, and require solid content rice straw powder and water Solid-liquid mass ratio be 1:(10-15), control enzymatic hydrolysis temperature are 50-55 DEG C, pH 4.8-5.5, hydrolysis time 24-30h, Period is stirred continuously, mixing speed 50-60r/m, obtains xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis liquid mixture, and the xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzate is mixed Closing reduced sugar mass percentage content in object is 1.5-2.5%, and xylo-oligosaccharide is hydrolyzed 95-100 DEG C of enzyme deactivation of liquid mixture 10min obtains hydrolysate；
(6) in hydrolysate non-xylo-oligosaccharide removal：It is produced by the 0.05-0.1% of stalk fibre particle dry weight to hydrolysis Active yeast is added in object, 30-34 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.8-5.5, is kept stirring speed 50-60r/m, maintains 6-10h, must go Unless the hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide；
(7) the separation of solid and liquid unless hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is gone：It will go unless the hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is pumped into Flame filter press maintains pressure 0.8-1.0Mpa in frame, obtains solid fiber filter cake and plate-frame filtering filtrate, realizes solid-liquid point From the plate-frame filtering filtrate is xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzate；
(8) ultrafiltration cleans：Using molecular cut off is the organic ultrafiltration membrane of the takeup type of 10,000Da to plate-frame filtering filtrate Ultrafiltration is carried out, the ultrafiltrate for being rich in xylo-oligosaccharide is obtained, and the ultrafiltration macromolecular rich in high molecular weight protein and polysaccharide is shut off liquid；
(9) concentration of xylo-oligosaccharide：Ultrafiltrate is pumped into Vacuum film evaporation device, controls 70-90 DEG C of evaporating temperature, very Reciprocal of duty cycle 20-100Pa, makes moisture volatilize or condense in the form of water vapor clean water exclusion, and xylo-oligosaccharide is realized in the discharge of no organic liquid waste Concentration, obtain xylo-oligosaccharide syrup, in the xylo-oligosaccharide syrup mass percentage content of xylo-oligosaccharide be 65-75%, contain Water is 25-35%；
(10) it decolourizes：It is 30-40% by the mass percentage content that xylo-oligosaccharide syrup is diluted to xylo-oligosaccharide, to dilution The stirring of sugar wine type active carbon is added in xylo-oligosaccharide syrup afterwards, the quality of the sugar wine type active carbon of the addition is after diluting The 0.6-1.0% of xylo-oligosaccharide syrup quality is stirred for 50-60 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.5-5.0, mixing speed 40-50r/m when stirring Time 2-4h is mixed, is realized and is separated by solid-liquid separation with plate-frame filtering after stirring, active carbon filter residue in pure water sheet frame obtains activity respectively Carbon decoloring liquid and active carbon filter residue.
Preferably, the water content of the rice straw of step (1) described drying is 8-13%；In step (2), stalk water content When up to 75%-90%, the solid-liquid mass ratio in stalk is 1：(3-9)；It is to use high-speed cutting wet process disintegrator by straw in step (4) Stalk solidliquid mixture is crushed to 80-200 mesh, cutting speed 6000-8000r/m；The zytase is endoxylanase Or utilize koning trichoderma AS3.2774, the enzyme preparation prepared through metabolic regulation solid fermentation method, the solid fermentation method For：After being inoculated with koning trichoderma AS3.2774 in the medium, under the conditions of 28-32 DEG C of temperature, it is left to ferment 4.5-5.5d, then use Originally flooding 1h is most concentrated by ultrafiltration afterwards to get enzyme preparation, includes the component of following parts by weight in the culture medium：Rice Straw powder 10-15, maize cob meal 10-15, wheat bran 10-15, ammonium sulfate 1-2, water 55-65, culture medium are nature pH；Step (5) In, when controlling pH 4.8-5.5, adjusted using weak acid or weak base；Step (6) saccharomycete be saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, At least one of Angel Yeast, fruit wine yeast.
When the active carbon as charcoal in use, soil usage amount is 100-200g per acre, for Rice Cropping or Tobacco field plantation, increases geobiont charcoal,.The active carbon is a kind of inertia carbon, has the function of to adsorb and parse；Soil nutrient Adsorb extra nutrient when sufficient excessive, Releasing nutrient when soil nutrient deficiency has slow-release function, and being able to achieve soil, to protect charcoal steady It produces.
It is the wooden fibre for obtaining active carbon filter residue and step (3) when the active carbon prepares mixed type burning particles Tie up filter cake in mass ratio 1：(3-5) after mixing, 0.5-4cm is pressed into through high pressure low temperature compression process3The mixed type of size is fired Particle is burnt, burning particles density is 1.1-1.5g/cm3.Convey, store it is extremely convenient, meanwhile, fuel performance is greatly improved, Calorific value is high.The boiler granular fuel both can due in technique of the invention boiler steam, can be used for commercially available, avoid giving up Slag direct emission is the high-tech environment-friendly products for substituting fossil energy.
The invention will be further described below：
Compared with prior art, the present invention is rice straw is innoxious, in terms of comprehensive utilization of resources, has significant advantage And technological progress：
First is that effectively improving rice straw added value, since the prebiotic function of the enteron aisle of xylo-oligosaccharide is significant, the market price is 10-15 times of sucrose, is conducive to this propulsion process operation, present invention process operation be far superior to existing low value straw compost, Straw feed approach.Therefore, processing enterprise will be lucrative.
Second is that technique is advanced, the present invention is combined using guillotine cutting, steam blasting, high speed wet pulverizing, enzymatic hydrolysis and is carried out.With The dry pulverization process of existing xylo-oligosaccharide processing technology, acid-base pretreatment, the extraction of xylan, enzymatic hydrolysis are compared, technique More simplified, whole process is without first extracting xylan, then enzymatic hydrolysis；Technical process does not use strong acid and strong base, to environment It is very friendly；High speed wet pulverizing overcomes dry pulverization process difficulty and electric power high load capacity to put into, and saves the energy.
Third is that being produced using cleaning procedure, production process (can also use noise reduction) in addition to explosion generates noise pollution, give up Slag, exhaust gas, discharging of waste liquid are few.Wherein stalk solid particle, can be directly with organic matter returning to the field, or warp after plate-frame filtering The molding granular fuel of high pressure low temperature compression process.
In short, the present invention be recycle rice straw process in waste, innoxious use environmentally friendly skill Art.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The lignocellulosic is prepared as follows：
(1) guillotine cutting of rice straw：By hay cutter of the dry rice straw 50kg equipped with high speed rotation manganese steel blade It is cut to the segment rice straw of 3-6cm；
(2) infiltration of segment rice straw：By the segment rice straw of 3-6cm, tap water complete wetting is used at normal temperature 90min makes stalk water content up to 90%；
(3) steam blasting of stalk is moistened：It is that 90% segment moistens the machine continuous demolition of stalk steam blasting by water content, Explosion saturated vapour pressure is 1.55MPa, and the corresponding temperature of explosion saturated vapour pressure is 200 DEG C；Pressure hold time for 2.5min, abrupt release pressure obtain stalk solidliquid mixture；
(4) the stalk high speed wet pulverizing after explosion：Stalk solidliquid mixture high-speed cutting wet process disintegrator is crushed To 150 mesh, cutting speed 8000r/m, during which, adding tap water to adjust the solid-liquid mass ratio in solidliquid mixture is 1：12；
(5) the enzyme process effectively hydrolyzing of little particle rice straw fiber：Step (4) is resulting after high speed wet pulverizing Stalk particle, the aspergillus niger mutant strain wood provided by dry weight every kg stalk particle Changsha Shuidisha Biological Technology Co., Ltd. are poly- Sugared restriction endonuclease 200IU, and requiring solid content rice straw powder and the solid-liquid mass ratio of water is 1:12, controlling enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is During which 50 DEG C, pH 4.8-5.0, hydrolysis time 30h are stirred continuously, mixing speed 50r/m, and it is mixed to obtain xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzate Object is closed, reduced sugar mass percentage content is 2.5% in the xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis liquid mixture, and xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzate is mixed 95-100 DEG C of enzyme deactivation 10min of object is closed, hydrolysate is obtained；
(6) in hydrolysate non-xylo-oligosaccharide removal：Wherein xylo-oligosaccharide is taken to account for the content of reduced sugar up to 71% water Product 150kg is solved, Angel Yeast bacterium 20g is added, 30 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.8, is kept stirring speed 50r/m, maintains 6h, must remove The hydrolysate of non-xylo-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide accounts for the content of reduced sugar up to 93% in hydrolyzate；
(7) the separation of solid and liquid unless hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is gone：It will go unless the hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is pumped into Flame filter press maintains pressure 1.0Mpa in frame, obtains solid fiber filter cake and plate-frame filtering filtrate, realizes and is separated by solid-liquid separation, institute Stating plate-frame filtering filtrate is xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzate；
(8) ultrafiltration cleans：Using molecular cut off is the organic ultrafiltration membrane of the takeup type of 10,000Da to plate-frame filtering filtrate Ultrafiltration is carried out, the ultrafiltrate for being rich in xylo-oligosaccharide is obtained, and the ultrafiltration macromolecular rich in high molecular weight protein and polysaccharide is shut off liquid；
(9) concentration of xylo-oligosaccharide：Ultrafiltrate is pumped into Vacuum film evaporation device, controls 70-90 DEG C of evaporating temperature, very Reciprocal of duty cycle 20-100Pa, makes moisture volatilize or condense in the form of water vapor clean water exclusion, and xylo-oligosaccharide is realized in the discharge of no organic liquid waste Concentration, obtain xylo-oligosaccharide syrup, in the xylo-oligosaccharide syrup mass percentage content of xylo-oligosaccharide be 65-75%, contain Water is 25-35%；
(10) it decolourizes：It is 30-40% by the mass percentage content that xylo-oligosaccharide syrup is diluted to xylo-oligosaccharide, to dilution The stirring of sugar wine type active carbon is added in xylo-oligosaccharide syrup afterwards, the quality of the sugar wine type active carbon of the addition is after diluting The 0.6-1.0% of xylo-oligosaccharide syrup quality is stirred for 50-60 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.5-5.0, mixing speed 40-50r/m when stirring Time 2-4h is mixed, is realized and is separated by solid-liquid separation with plate-frame filtering after stirring, active carbon filter residue in pure water sheet frame obtains activity respectively Carbon decoloring liquid and active carbon filter residue.
Embodiment 2
The lignocellulosic is prepared as follows：
(1) guillotine cutting of rice straw：By hay cutter of the dry rice straw 50kg equipped with high speed rotation manganese steel blade It is cut to the segment rice straw of 3-6cm；
(2) infiltration of segment rice straw：By the segment rice straw of 3-6cm, tap water complete wetting is used at normal temperature 90min makes stalk water content up to 90%；
(3) steam blasting of stalk is moistened：It is that 90% segment moistens the machine continuous demolition of stalk steam blasting by water content, Explosion saturated vapour pressure is 1.55MPa, and the corresponding temperature of explosion saturated vapour pressure is 200 DEG C；Pressure hold time for 2.5min, abrupt release pressure obtain stalk solidliquid mixture；
(4) the stalk high speed wet pulverizing after explosion：Stalk solidliquid mixture high-speed cutting wet process disintegrator is crushed To 150 mesh, cutting speed 8000r/m, during which, adding tap water to adjust the solid-liquid mass ratio in solidliquid mixture is 1：12；
(5) the enzyme process effectively hydrolyzing of little particle rice straw fiber：Step (4) is resulting after high speed wet pulverizing Stalk particle, the Aspergillusclavatus zytase provided by dry weight every kg stalk particle addition Shandong Zhong Tian Biotechnology Co., Ltd 200IU, and requiring solid content rice straw powder and the solid-liquid mass ratio of water is 1:15, control enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 52 DEG C, pH 4.8-5.2, hydrolysis time 30h, is during which stirred continuously, mixing speed 60r/m, obtains xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis liquid mixture, institute Stating reduced sugar mass percentage content in xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis liquid mixture is 2.3%, and xylo-oligosaccharide is hydrolyzed liquid mixture 95- 100 DEG C of enzyme deactivation 10min, obtain hydrolysate；
(6) in hydrolysate non-xylo-oligosaccharide removal：Wherein xylo-oligosaccharide is taken to account for the content of reduced sugar up to 71% water Product 150kg is solved, Angel Yeast bacterium 20g is added, 30 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.8, is kept stirring speed 50r/m, maintains 6h, must remove The hydrolysate of non-xylo-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide accounts for the content of reduced sugar up to 93% in hydrolyzate；
(7) the separation of solid and liquid unless hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is gone：It will go unless the hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is pumped into Flame filter press maintains pressure 1.0Mpa in frame, obtains solid fiber filter cake and plate-frame filtering filtrate, realizes and is separated by solid-liquid separation, institute Stating plate-frame filtering filtrate is xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzate；
(8) ultrafiltration cleans：Using molecular cut off is the organic ultrafiltration membrane of the takeup type of 10,000Da to plate-frame filtering filtrate Ultrafiltration is carried out, the ultrafiltrate for being rich in xylo-oligosaccharide is obtained, and the ultrafiltration macromolecular rich in high molecular weight protein and polysaccharide is shut off liquid；
(9) concentration of xylo-oligosaccharide：Ultrafiltrate is pumped into Vacuum film evaporation device, controls 70-90 DEG C of evaporating temperature, very Reciprocal of duty cycle 20-100Pa, makes moisture volatilize or condense in the form of water vapor clean water exclusion, and xylo-oligosaccharide is realized in the discharge of no organic liquid waste Concentration, obtain xylo-oligosaccharide syrup, in the xylo-oligosaccharide syrup mass percentage content of xylo-oligosaccharide be 65-75%, contain Water is 25-35%；
(10) it decolourizes：It is 30-40% by the mass percentage content that xylo-oligosaccharide syrup is diluted to xylo-oligosaccharide, to dilution The stirring of sugar wine type active carbon is added in xylo-oligosaccharide syrup afterwards, the quality of the sugar wine type active carbon of the addition is after diluting The 0.6-1.0% of xylo-oligosaccharide syrup quality is stirred for 50-60 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.5-5.0, mixing speed 40-50r/m when stirring Time 2-4h is mixed, is realized and is separated by solid-liquid separation with plate-frame filtering after stirring, active carbon filter residue in pure water sheet frame obtains activity respectively Carbon decoloring liquid and active carbon filter residue.
Embodiment 3
The lignocellulosic is prepared as follows：
(1) guillotine cutting of rice straw：By hay cutter of the dry rice straw 50kg equipped with high speed rotation manganese steel blade It is cut to the segment rice straw of 3-6cm；
(2) infiltration of segment rice straw：By the segment rice straw of 3-6cm, tap water complete wetting is used at normal temperature 90min makes stalk water content up to 90%；
(3) steam blasting of stalk is moistened：It is that 90% segment moistens the machine continuous demolition of stalk steam blasting by water content, Explosion saturated vapour pressure is 1.55MPa, and the corresponding temperature of explosion saturated vapour pressure is 200 DEG C；Pressure hold time for 2.5min, abrupt release pressure obtain stalk solidliquid mixture；
(4) the stalk high speed wet pulverizing after explosion：Stalk solidliquid mixture high-speed cutting wet process disintegrator is crushed To 150 mesh, cutting speed 8000r/m, during which, adding tap water to adjust the solid-liquid mass ratio in solidliquid mixture is 1：12；
(5) the enzyme process effectively hydrolyzing of little particle rice straw fiber：Step (4) is resulting after high speed wet pulverizing Stalk particle adds koning trichoderma AS3.2774 zytase 150IU by the every kg stalk particle of dry weight, and requires solid content rice Straw powder and the solid-liquid mass ratio of water are 1:14, control enzymatic hydrolysis temperature be 50 DEG C, pH 4.8, hydrolysis time for 24 hours, during which not Disconnected stirring, mixing speed 55r/m obtain xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis liquid mixture, go back in the xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis liquid mixture Raw sugar mass percentage content is 2.1%, and xylo-oligosaccharide is hydrolyzed 95-100 DEG C of enzyme deactivation 10min of liquid mixture, obtains hydrolysate；
(6) in hydrolysate non-xylo-oligosaccharide removal：Wherein xylo-oligosaccharide is taken to account for the content of reduced sugar up to 71% water Product 150kg is solved, Angel Yeast bacterium 20g is added, 30 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.8, is kept stirring speed 50r/m, maintains 6h, must remove The hydrolysate of non-xylo-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide accounts for the content of reduced sugar up to 93% in hydrolyzate；
(7) the separation of solid and liquid unless hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is gone：It will go unless the hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is pumped into Flame filter press maintains pressure 1.0Mpa in frame, obtains solid fiber filter cake and plate-frame filtering filtrate, realizes and is separated by solid-liquid separation, institute Stating plate-frame filtering filtrate is xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzate；
(8) ultrafiltration cleans：Using molecular cut off is the organic ultrafiltration membrane of the takeup type of 10,000Da to plate-frame filtering filtrate Ultrafiltration is carried out, the ultrafiltrate for being rich in xylo-oligosaccharide is obtained, and the ultrafiltration macromolecular rich in high molecular weight protein and polysaccharide is shut off liquid；
(9) concentration of xylo-oligosaccharide：Ultrafiltrate is pumped into Vacuum film evaporation device, controls 70-90 DEG C of evaporating temperature, very Reciprocal of duty cycle 20-100Pa, makes moisture volatilize or condense in the form of water vapor clean water exclusion, and xylo-oligosaccharide is realized in the discharge of no organic liquid waste Concentration, obtain xylo-oligosaccharide syrup, in the xylo-oligosaccharide syrup mass percentage content of xylo-oligosaccharide be 65-75%, contain Water is 25-35%；
(10) it decolourizes：It is 30-40% by the mass percentage content that xylo-oligosaccharide syrup is diluted to xylo-oligosaccharide, to dilution The stirring of sugar wine type active carbon is added in xylo-oligosaccharide syrup afterwards, the quality of the sugar wine type active carbon of the addition is after diluting The 0.6-1.0% of xylo-oligosaccharide syrup quality is stirred for 50-60 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.5-5.0, mixing speed 40-50r/m when stirring Time 2-4h is mixed, is realized and is separated by solid-liquid separation with plate-frame filtering after stirring, active carbon filter residue in pure water sheet frame obtains activity respectively Carbon decoloring liquid and active carbon filter residue.
Embodiment 4
When the active carbon as charcoal in use, soil usage amount is 100-200g per acre, for Rice Cropping or Tobacco field plantation, increases geobiont charcoal,.The active carbon is a kind of inertia carbon, has the function of to adsorb and parse；Soil nutrient Adsorb extra nutrient when sufficient excessive, Releasing nutrient when soil nutrient deficiency has slow-release function, and being able to achieve soil, to protect charcoal steady It produces.
Embodiment 5
It is the wooden fibre for obtaining active carbon filter residue and step (3) when the active carbon prepares mixed type burning particles Tie up filter cake in mass ratio 1：(3-5) after mixing, 0.5-4cm is pressed into through high pressure low temperature compression process3The mixed type of size is fired Particle is burnt, burning particles density is 1.1-1.5g/cm3.Convey, store it is extremely convenient, meanwhile, fuel performance is greatly improved, Calorific value is high.The boiler granular fuel both can due in technique of the invention boiler steam, can be used for commercially available, avoid giving up Slag direct emission is the high-tech environment-friendly products for substituting fossil energy.

Claims (4)

1. active carbon prepare charcoal, the application in mixed type burning particles；It is characterized in that, the active carbon is by following step Rapid preparation：
(1) guillotine cutting of rice straw：Dry rice straw is cut to the segment rice straw of 3-6cm；
(2) infiltration of segment rice straw：By the segment rice straw of 3-6cm, tap water complete wetting 60- is used at normal temperature 90min makes stalk water content up to 75-90%；
(3) steam blasting of stalk is moistened：It is that the wet stalk steam blasting machine of 75%-90% segment is continuously quick-fried by water content Broken, explosion saturated vapour pressure is 1.15-1.55MPa, and the corresponding temperature of explosion saturated vapour pressure is 186-200 DEG C；Pressure It holds time as 2-4min, abrupt release pressure obtains stalk solidliquid mixture；
(4) the stalk high speed wet pulverizing after explosion：Stalk solidliquid mixture is crushed to 80-200 mesh, during which, adds tap water Adjusting the solid-liquid mass ratio in solidliquid mixture is 1：(8-15).
(5) the enzyme process effectively hydrolyzing of little particle rice straw fiber：It will be by the resulting straw after high speed wet pulverizing of step (4) Stalk particle adds zytase 100-200IU by the every kg stalk particle of dry weight, and requires consolidating for solid content rice straw powder and water Liquid mass ratio is 1:(10-15), control enzymatic hydrolysis temperature are 50-55 DEG C, pH 4.8-5.5, hydrolysis time 24-30h, during which It is stirred continuously, mixing speed 50-60r/m, obtains xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis liquid mixture, the xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzes liquid mixture Middle reduced sugar mass percentage content is 1.5-2.5%, and xylo-oligosaccharide is hydrolyzed 95-100 DEG C of enzyme deactivation 10min of liquid mixture, is obtained Hydrolysate；
(6) in hydrolysate non-xylo-oligosaccharide removal：By the 0.05-0.1% of stalk fibre particle dry weight into hydrolysate Active yeast is added, 30-34 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.8-5.5, is kept stirring speed 50-60r/m, maintains 6-10h, must go unless The hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide；
(7) the separation of solid and liquid unless hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is gone：It will go unless the hydrolysate of xylo-oligosaccharide is pumped into sheet frame Filter maintains pressure 0.8-1.0Mpa in frame, obtains solid fiber filter cake and plate-frame filtering filtrate, realizes and is separated by solid-liquid separation, institute Stating plate-frame filtering filtrate is xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolyzate；
(8) ultrafiltration cleans：Molecular cut off is used to carry out for the organic ultrafiltration membrane of the takeup type of 10,000Da to plate-frame filtering filtrate Ultrafiltration obtains the ultrafiltrate for being rich in xylo-oligosaccharide, and the ultrafiltration macromolecular rich in high molecular weight protein and polysaccharide is shut off liquid；
(9) concentration of xylo-oligosaccharide：Ultrafiltrate is pumped into Vacuum film evaporation device, controls 70-90 DEG C of evaporating temperature, vacuum degree 20-100Pa, makes moisture volatilize or condense in the form of water vapor clean water exclusion, and the dense of xylo-oligosaccharide is realized in the discharge of no organic liquid waste Contracting, obtains xylo-oligosaccharide syrup, and the mass percentage content of xylo-oligosaccharide is 65-75%, water content in the xylo-oligosaccharide syrup For 25-35%；
(10) it decolourizes：It is 30-40% by the mass percentage content that xylo-oligosaccharide syrup is diluted to xylo-oligosaccharide, to after dilution The stirring of sugar wine type active carbon is added in xylo-oligosaccharide syrup, the quality of the sugar wine type active carbon of the addition is oligomeric after diluting The 0.6-1.0% of xylose syrup quality, 50-60 DEG C of temperature control, pH 4.5-5.0, mixing speed 40-50r/m when stirring, when stirring Between 2-4h, realized and be separated by solid-liquid separation with plate-frame filtering after stirring, it is de- to obtain active carbon respectively for active carbon filter residue in pure water sheet frame Color liquid and active carbon filter residue.
2. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the water content of the rice straw of step (1) described drying is 8- 13%；In step (2), when stalk water content reaches 75%-90%, the solid-liquid mass ratio in stalk is 1：(3-9)；In step (4) It is that stalk solidliquid mixture is crushed to 80-200 mesh, cutting speed 6000-8000r/m with high-speed cutting wet process disintegrator； The zytase is mainly endoxylanase or utilizes koning trichoderma AS3.2774, through metabolic regulation solid fermentation method system Standby endoxylanase enzyme preparation, the solid fermentation method are：After being inoculated with koning trichoderma AS3.2774 in the medium, Under the conditions of 28-32 DEG C of temperature, be left to ferment 4.5-5.5d, then use originally flooding 1h, be most concentrated by ultrafiltration afterwards to get wood gather Carbohydrase preparation includes the component of following parts by weight in the culture medium：Rice straw powder 10-15, maize cob meal 10-15, wheat bran 10-15, ammonium sulfate 1-2, water 55-65, culture medium are nature pH；In step (5), when controlling pH 4.8-5.5, using weak acid or Weak base is adjusted；Step (6) saccharomycete is at least one of saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Angel Yeast, fruit wine yeast.
3. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when the active carbon as charcoal in use, soil per acre Usage amount is 100-200g.
4. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when the active carbon prepares mixed type burning particles, be by The wood fibre filter cake in mass ratio 1 that active carbon filter residue and step (3) obtain：(3-5) after mixing, it is pressed into 0.5-4cm3Greatly Small mixed type burning particles, burning particles density are 1.1-1.5g/cm3。
CN201810529963.9A 2018-05-29 2018-05-29 Active carbon prepare charcoal, the application in mixed type burning particles Pending CN108821280A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111379185A (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-07 黑龙江惠美佳制药有限公司 Lignocellulose material for road building and preparation method thereof
CN111570493A (en) * 2020-05-15 2020-08-25 江苏省环境科学研究院 Soil remediation method for landscape ecological environment protection
CN112851029A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-05-28 苏州科技大学 Water pollution purification and resource utilization system and application thereof

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CN102061323A (en) * 2010-11-10 2011-05-18 山东龙力生物科技股份有限公司 Comprehensive utilization process of wood cellulose
CN104125998A (en) * 2012-03-05 2014-10-29 埃欧金能源公司 Method for producing a soil conditioning composition from a lignocellulosic conversion process

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102061323A (en) * 2010-11-10 2011-05-18 山东龙力生物科技股份有限公司 Comprehensive utilization process of wood cellulose
CN104125998A (en) * 2012-03-05 2014-10-29 埃欧金能源公司 Method for producing a soil conditioning composition from a lignocellulosic conversion process

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111379185A (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-07 黑龙江惠美佳制药有限公司 Lignocellulose material for road building and preparation method thereof
CN111570493A (en) * 2020-05-15 2020-08-25 江苏省环境科学研究院 Soil remediation method for landscape ecological environment protection
CN112851029A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-05-28 苏州科技大学 Water pollution purification and resource utilization system and application thereof

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