CN108819373A - 一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板 - Google Patents
一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,包括珍珠岩保温芯体,所述的珍珠岩保温芯体自内向外依次为蜂窝骨架支撑层,隔音层、阻燃层,装饰层,蜂窝骨架支撑层为塑料蜂窝板,用于增大整体支撑力。隔音层为矿棉吸音板。本发明建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,采用珍珠岩保温芯具有很好的保温性能,并且拥有不错的耐水性,其珍珠岩保温芯两侧具有蜂窝骨架支撑层,高分子材料一次性浇筑成型的蜂窝状板质量轻,并且其特殊的蜂窝状结构大大增强了整体保温板的支撑强度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,属于建筑技术领域。
背景技术
建筑节能政策和建筑防火规范的实施,推动了墙体保温材料的快速发展。聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料板、酚醛塑料发泡板、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板等有机保温材料,因其保温隔热性能优异在建筑保温工程中得到了较为广泛的应用,但是有机保温材料属于易燃材料,存在引发火灾的可能性,往往不能满足现行防火设计规范的要求。
墙体保温材料是近年来发展的新型墙体装饰材料,其作用在于起到装饰性作用的同时,能够提高墙体保温性能,并能节约资源,减少环境污染。但是传统的保温板变形系数大,容易老化、容易吸水,吸水率可达18%,与墙基层和抹面层相容性以及安全稳固性等性能上存在缺陷,导致其使用寿命短,容易脱落,故传统的保温板一般只限用于低于10层以下的楼层。膨胀珍珠岩具有质量轻、无毒害、隔热性能好、抗蚀、不燃等优良的物理化学特性以及使用成本低廉的特点,同时具备保温隔热及吸声等多重特殊性能,在当今社会节能型工业、民用建筑上的应用日趋广泛。膨胀珍珠岩用于建筑保温材料在欧洲占珍珠岩用途50%,在北美占 60%,在日本占55%,在我国占65%。
目前市场上膨胀珍珠岩类保温材料吸水率较高,在墙体温度变化时,珍珠岩易因吸水膨胀产生鼓泡、开裂现象,支撑力下降,吸水还降低了材料的保温性能。
发明内容
针对上述存在的问题,本发明的目的是提供一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,具有很好的保温性能,同时具有耐水性和防火性能 。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,包括珍珠岩保温芯体,所述的珍珠岩保温芯体自内向外依次为蜂窝骨架支撑层,隔音层、阻燃层,装饰层,
所述的蜂窝骨架支撑层为塑料蜂窝板,用于增大整体支撑力。
所述的蜂窝骨架支撑层厚度为珍珠岩保温芯体厚度的3分之一到2分之一。
所述的隔音层为矿棉吸音板,厚度为珍珠岩保温芯体厚度的5分之一到10分之一。
所述的阻燃层和装饰层之间具有耐碱玻纤网。
所述的塑料蜂窝板为高分子材料一次性浇筑成型的蜂窝状板。
本发明建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,采用珍珠岩保温芯具有很好的保温性能,并且拥有不错的耐水性,其珍珠岩保温芯两侧具有蜂窝骨架支撑层,高分子材料一次性浇筑成型的蜂窝状板质量轻,并且其特殊的蜂窝状结构大大增强了整体保温板的支撑强度。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板结构示意图;
图中,1、珍珠岩保温芯体,2、蜂窝骨架支撑层,3、隔音层,4、阻燃层,5、装饰层。。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1,是本发明实施例提供的一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,包括珍珠岩保温芯体1,所述的珍珠岩保温芯体在中间,珍珠岩保温芯体自内向外依次为为蜂窝骨架支撑层2,隔音层3、阻燃层4,装饰层5,所述的蜂窝骨架支撑层为塑料蜂窝板,用于增大整体支撑力。
所述的蜂窝骨架支撑层厚度为珍珠岩保温芯体厚度的3分之一到2分之一。
所述的隔音层为矿棉吸音板,厚度为珍珠岩保温芯体厚度的5分之一到10分之一。
所述的塑料蜂窝板为高分子材料一次性浇筑成型的蜂窝状板,
珍珠岩保温芯体1为膨胀珍珠岩保温材料制备,在制备过程中对膨胀珍珠岩表面进行改性,由亲水变为疏水,降低了吸水率,提高抗压强芯板,
具体制备方法如下:
实施例1
称取25份PMMA改性珍珠岩置于容器中,加入7份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷,在50℃下水浴加热搅拌2~3h,取出放烘干箱内烘干,烘干温度60~75℃,烘干时间3~4h,备用;称取4份酚醛树脂、6份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液,将二者放入混炼机中进行混炼,搅拌转速20~30r/min,搅拌时间10~20min,至环氧树脂表面完全被润湿,得到聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液改性的环氧树脂,向混炼机中加入14份硅酸盐水泥,搅拌至聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液改性环氧树脂的表面完全被覆盖,再加入上述PMMA改性膨胀珍珠岩,搅拌均匀,再依次加入45份水、12份甲基硅醇钠、10份硅酸盐水泥,搅拌均匀后转移至模塑成型模具中进行模塑浇注,在45~55MPa下加压成型,待材料熟化后取下模具得到膨胀珍珠岩保温材料。
上述PMMA改性珍珠岩的制备方法如下:
1)称取10重量份膨胀珍珠岩加至盛有水和无水乙醇(重量比3:1)的120重量份溶液中超声分散5min,然后缓慢加入3重量份甲氧基硅烷,混合均匀后于70℃、pH=5的条件下搅拌反应4h,得到膨胀珍珠岩的分散液,将其转入50mL的离心管中,在转速9000r/min、室温条件下离心10min,倾倒其上清液得到白色固体,再加入80重量份无水乙醇溶解后离心,重复3次,将得到的产物置于真空干燥箱干燥24h,备用;
2)准确称取10重量份上述产物,加至盛有水和无水乙醇(重量比3:1)的120重量份溶液中超声分散5min,然后在N2作为保护气条件下缓慢加入25重量份甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体和0.25重量份引发剂过氧化苯甲酰,混合均匀后在80℃条件下反应24h,得到PMMA改性珍珠岩分散液,将其转入离心管中,在转速9000r/min室温条件下离心10min,倾倒其上清液得到白色固体,在加入80重量份无水乙醇溶解后离心,重复3次,将得到的产物置于真空干燥箱干燥24h,得到PMMA改性珍珠岩。
实施例2
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:称取20重量份PMMA改性珍珠岩、4重量份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷、2份酚醛树脂、5份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、42份水、8份硅酸盐水泥、10份甲基硅醇钠和14份硅酸盐水泥。
实施例3
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:称取30重量份PMMA改性珍珠岩、10重量份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷、5份酚醛树脂、8份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、18份硅酸盐水泥、50份水、15份甲基硅醇钠和5份硅酸盐水泥。
实施例4
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:称取20重量份PMMA改性珍珠岩、7重量份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷、4份酚醛树脂、8份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、14份硅酸盐水泥、42份水、10份甲基硅醇钠和14份硅酸盐水泥。
实施例5
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:称取25重量份PMMA改性珍珠岩、4重量份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷、2份酚醛树脂、6份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、18份硅酸盐水泥、50份水、15份甲基硅醇钠和5份硅酸盐水泥。
实施例6
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:称取30重量份PMMA改性珍珠岩、7重量份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷、5份酚醛树脂、5份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、8份硅酸盐水泥、45份水、12份甲基硅醇钠和14份硅酸盐水泥。
实施例7
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:称取20重量份PMMA改性珍珠岩、7重量份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷、2份酚醛树脂、6份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、8份硅酸盐水泥、42份水、15份甲基硅醇钠和10份硅酸盐水泥。
实施例8
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:称取25重量份PMMA改性珍珠岩、10重量份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷、5份酚醛树脂、6份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、14份硅酸盐水泥、45份水、12份甲基硅醇钠和10份硅酸盐水泥。
实施例9
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:称取30重量份PMMA改性珍珠岩、10重量份异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷、4份酚醛树脂、8份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、14份硅酸盐水泥、45份水、12份甲基硅醇钠和10份硅酸盐水泥。
对比例1
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:用普通膨胀珍珠岩代替PMMA改性珍珠岩。
对比例2
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:制备PMMA改性珍珠岩时不加入甲氧基硅烷。
对比例3
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:制备PMMA改性珍珠岩时不加入甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
对比例4
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:制备PMMA改性珍珠岩时不加入过氧化苯甲酰。
对比例5
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:制备PMMA改性珍珠岩时用甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯代替甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
对比例6
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:制备膨胀珍珠岩保温材料时不加入聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液。
对比例7
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:制备膨胀珍珠岩保温材料时用甲基三异丙氧基硅烷替代异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
对比例8
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:制备膨胀珍珠岩保温材料时用聚苯丙乳液代替聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液。
对比例9
与实施例1完全相同,不同在于:制备膨胀珍珠岩保温材料时不加入甲基硅醇钠。
按照GB/T 10297-1998标准测定本发明实施例1~9和对比例1~9制备的膨胀珍珠岩保温材料导热系数,抗压强度按照JG237《混凝土试模》的规定测试,吸水率按照GB/T17431.2-1998《轻集料试验方法》的规定测定,测定测得数据如下表所示。
膨胀珍珠岩保温材料的性能测试
由实施例1~9可以发现,当在实施例1所处于配比环境中,制得的新型膨胀珍珠岩保温材料保温性能最好,抗压强度也最高,吸水率最低,此时其导热系数达0.032W/(m·K),抗压强度为1.685MPa,吸水率仅仅为2.4%,相比较其他实施例和对比例均有着大幅度的提高,可能的原因是在该重量比下,对膨胀珍珠岩表面进行改性,由亲水变为疏水,其与引入的酚醛树脂、聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液等复合协同大大提高了抗压强度,降低了吸水率,因而其各方面性能较好。另外对比例1~5说明PMMA改性珍珠岩的加入对新型膨胀珍珠岩保温材料性能影响较大,对比例6~9说明新型膨胀珍珠岩保温材料原料及条件的选择对其各方面性能有突出影响。
Claims (4)
1.一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,其特征在于,包括珍珠岩保温芯体,所述的珍珠岩保温芯体在中间,珍珠岩保温芯体自内向外依次为蜂窝骨架支撑层,隔音层、阻燃层,装饰层,
所述的蜂窝骨架支撑层为塑料蜂窝板,用于增大整体支撑力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,其特征在于,所述的蜂窝骨架支撑层厚度为珍珠岩保温芯体厚度的3分之一到2分之一。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,其特征在于, 所述的隔音层为矿棉吸音板,厚度为珍珠岩保温芯体厚度的5分之一到10分之一。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑用膨胀珍珠岩保温板,其特征在于,所述的塑料蜂窝板为高分子材料一次性浇筑成型的蜂窝状板。
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