CN108808695A - A kind of three phase static reactive compensation system and its control method - Google Patents

A kind of three phase static reactive compensation system and its control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108808695A
CN108808695A CN201810673625.2A CN201810673625A CN108808695A CN 108808695 A CN108808695 A CN 108808695A CN 201810673625 A CN201810673625 A CN 201810673625A CN 108808695 A CN108808695 A CN 108808695A
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power switch
power
capacitance
reactive
filter
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CN108808695B (en
Inventor
陈如申
黎勇跃
季伟栋
章俊
王建华
邓海祥
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Nanjing Shen Ningda Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Nanjing Shen Ningda Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of three phase static reactive compensation system and its control methods, Static Var Compensator includes the high-pass filter being made of filter reactor, filter capacitor, it further include a transformer, the primary side anode of transformer is separately connected the anode of the negative terminal and the second power switch of the first power switch, and the anode of the first power switch is connected to filter reactor；The capacitor compensating circuit being arranged in parallel and reactance compensation circuit are equipped between the secondary side anode and filter reactor of the transformer, the negative terminal of the primary side negative terminal of the transformer in all Static Var Compensator, secondary side negative terminal and the second power switch interconnects；First, second power switch and Capacitance Power switch, blind power switch control break-make by control system.The shortcomings that cannot being continuously adjusted the present invention overcomes capacitor compensation, and the advantages of Static Var Compensator accurately compensates is combined, improve the stability of system.

Description

A kind of three phase static reactive compensation system and its control method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Static Var Compensator technical field, more particularly to a kind of three phase static reactive compensation system and its Control method.
Background technology
Electric energy is important energy source indispensable in modern society, and very extensive answer is obtained in different fields With this also makes the carrying of modern power network very harsh.With the development of modern industrial technology, nonlinear-load is big in electric system Amount increases, and with the development of our improvements of living standard and technology, the load of many power electronics classes occurs.Especially It is the appearance of electric vehicle, a large amount of charging pile has accessed distribution, and with the development of battery technology, various quick charge skills Art and battery occur, and cause the demand capacity to distribution increasing, seriously affect the stability of electric system and the electricity of power supply It can quality.Various non-linear and time variation electronic device such as inverter, rectifier and various Switching Power Supplies etc. are answered on a large scale With caused negative effect is also increasingly apparent.The application of non-linear power electronic equipment brings serious harmonic wave dirt to power grid It contaminates and thereby produces a series of power quality problem.Such as：Harmonic wave makes the production, transmission and the efficiency drop utilized of electric energy It is low, make electrical equipment overheat, generate vibrations and noise, leads to insulation ag(e)ing, reduced service life, or even break down or burn It ruins.Harmonic wave can cause electric system local parallel resonant or series resonance, and harmonic content is caused to be amplified, and cause capacitor etc. Equipment burnout.Harmonic wave can also cause relay protection and the malfunction of automatic device, and the metering of electric energy is made mistake occur.Harmonic wave can also Communication equipment and electronic equipment is set to generate serious interference.Therefore, harmonic wave control has become what human society had to face Tough questions.Transmission line of electricity, single-phase load, electric machinery load also will produce a large amount of reactive requirement, and cause three-phase load Imbalance, serious waste is caused to the investment of power system device, while can also reduce the power quality of user.Therefore right Idle, three-phase imbalance and harmonic wave in circuit, which administer, has higher application value.
Due to load end largely use electric machinery load, a large amount of inductive reactive powers present on circuit, it is conventionally employed simultaneously The mode of connection capacitance carries out the compensation of inductive reactive power.This mode adjusts the combination balancing perception of different capacitances by thyristor It is idle, have that simple in structure, price is relatively low, but equipment volume is larger, can only compensate fixed inductive reactive power, there are harmonic waves to put Big danger.And capacitor is easier to damage, the relatively low disadvantage of service life.Since the seventies, with power electronics skill The rapid development of the rapid development of art, especially power semiconductor and Semiconductor Converting Technology, various power electronic equipments it is military, Industry, life and high-technology field are more and more widely used, the appearance of high-speed power switching device, instantaneous reactive The development of theoretical maturation and digital processing technology has pushed the development of Static Var Compensator.Compared with capacitive compensator Compared with Static Var Compensator can quickly dynamically tracking be mended to the progress such as the idle of variation, low-order harmonic and dissymmetrical load It repays, and voltage dithering can be eliminated, compensation characteristic is not influenced by electric network impedance, and the danger etc. of " Harmonics amplification " is not present, Thus widely paid attention to.Static Var Compensator (SVG) technology is with the manufacturing technology of power device, harmonic detecting technique Based on Current Control Technology, with the development of these technologies, technology has obtained great development.In recent years, both at home and abroad Through starting to use SVG in industry and civil equipment, and the capacity of stand-alone device steps up, and application field is used from compensation The idle of family itself develops to the direction for improving entire power system power supply quality.Moreover, with the raising of compensation capacity, SVG Harmonic wave can also be compensated while compensating reactive power, various SVG technologies have become research hotspot.
Invention content
Capacitive compensator and Static Var Compensator advantage be combined the first purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of Three phase static reactive compensation system.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of the shortcomings that not only can overcoming capacitor compensation that cannot continuously adjust, but also Combine the control method that Static Var Compensator accurately compensates the three phase static reactive compensation system of advantage.
In order to realize first purpose, the technical scheme is that：A kind of three phase static reactive compensation system, including three Phase line and the neutral conductor, it is characterised in that：Including Static Var Compensator and control system, it is separately connected on triple line and the neutral conductor One Static Var Compensator；The Static Var Compensator includes the high-pass filter being made of filter reactor, filter capacitor, Filter reactor is connected to corresponding phase line or the neutral conductor, and filter capacitor one end is connected in same Static Var Compensator Filter reactor, the other end are interconnected with other filter capacitors；The Static Var Compensator further includes a transformer, transformation The primary side anode of device is separately connected the anode of the negative terminal and the second power switch of the first power switch, the anode of the first power switch It is connected to filter reactor, the negative terminal of the first power switch anode and the second power switch is arranged in parallel a resistance capaciting absorpting circuit； The capacitor compensating circuit being arranged in parallel and reactance compensation circuit are equipped between the secondary side anode and filter reactor of the transformer, Capacitor compensating circuit includes concatenated Capacitance Power switch and compensating electric capacity, reactance compensation circuit include that concatenated blind power is opened Pass and compensating reactance；The primary side negative terminal of transformer in all Static Var Compensator, secondary side negative terminal and the second power switch Negative terminal interconnect；The first, second power switch in the triple line and the neutral conductor in Static Var Compensator and Capacitance Power switch, blind power switch control break-make by control system.
Preferably, first power switch and the second power switch are complementary state, i.e. when the first power switch is connected, Second power switch disconnects, conversely, when the first power switch disconnects, the conducting of the second power switch.
Preferably, when the Capacitance Power switch and blind power switch are complementary state, i.e. Capacitance Power switch conduction, Blind power switch disconnects, conversely, when Capacitance Power switch disconnects, blind power switch conduction.
Preferably, the resistance capaciting absorpting circuit is formed by capacitance, resistor coupled in parallel.
In order to realize second purpose, the technical scheme is that：A kind of control of three phase static reactive compensation system Method, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
1) self-test is carried out after control system starts, and reads the arrange parameter of system；
2) Current Voltage in detecting system, and calculate the reactive requirement needed for system；
3) judge needed for it is idle whether be zero, if zero, then maintain the statusquo constant；If there is reactive requirement, institute is judged What is needed is idle for inductive reactive power or capacitive reactive power；
4) judge the reactive requirement of triple line and the neutral conductor respectively using split-phase judgment mode；
5) when demand is capacitive reactive power, Capacitance Power switch conduction is controlled, blind power switch disconnects；When demand is sense Property it is idle when, control blind power switch conduction, Capacitance Power switch disconnect；
6) duty cycle of switching for controlling the first, second power switch, adjusts the compensation rate of each phase, and pass through detecting system Actual output current, the reality output of computing system is idle, and is compared with desired value, and is finely adjusted by closed loop.
Preferably, the step 2) uses instantaneous reactive power calculative strategy, the voltage and current that system detectio is arrived point The prediction data of prediction data and electric current that voltage can be obtained in the prediction algorithm established in advance is not substituted into；By the prediction number of voltage According to input phaselocked loop, after the data for then obtaining phaselocked loop calculate sine sin and cosine cos values using form, with electricity The prediction data of stream is multiplied, and after low-pass filter, has finally obtained work value and without work value.
Preferably, the prediction algorithm needs first to establish prediction model GM models,
Assuming that an original sequence of detection is：
x(0)=[x(0)(1),x(0)(2),x(0)(3),…,x(0)(n)]
Wherein, n is the number of data in original series；
To establish GM (1,1) model, it is desirable that x(0)(k) >=0 (k=1,2,3 ... n)；Original data are first made into index change Change：
Wherein, y(0)(k) >=0 (k=1,2,3 ... n) meet modeling demand；
In order to obtain rule from random data, using dynamically several Accumulating generation methods, Accumulating generation method Mathematical description；By original data series y(0)Generate the ordered series of numbers y that adds up(1)：
y(1)=[y(1)(1),y(1)(2),y(1)(3),…,y(1)(n)]
For generalized energy system y(1), differential equation approximate description below can be used：
This is the univariate differential equation of single order, is denoted as GM (1,1)；
Using the relationship of difference equation and the differential equation, when the sampling interval is a unit, above-mentioned equation can table It is shown as：
In above formula, by y(1)Use y(1)(k) and y(1)(k-1) mean value replaces：
Enable z(0)(k)=0.5z(1)(k)+0.5z(1)(k-1), it and by k=2,3 ... n is updated in above formula, then above formula can be with It is written as following form：
y(0)(2)=- az(1)(2)+u
y(0)(3)=- az(1)(3)+u
…
y(0)(n)=- az(1)(n)+u
Above formula is expressed in matrix as：
Parameter a and parameter u can be by original series y(0)With cumulative sequences y(1)It solves；
To obtain accurate y(1)Growth curve, prediction model uses 4 data；
Parameter a and parameter u can acquire optimal solution by following least square method：
Wherein：
bT=[y(0)(2) y(0)(3) y(0)(4)]
The albefaction of prediction output responds solution：
Because of y(1)(1)=y(0)(1), institute's above formula can be expressed as：
Above formula can solve the predicted value of cumulative sequence, and ordered series of numbers is being restored with inverse accumulated generating：
Since sequences y is the exponent arithmetic of original series, the inverse operation reduction original series of index are done：
The system detectio to voltage and current substitute into original series x respectively(0), obtain successivelyRespectively The prediction data of electric current and voltage.
Heretofore described system is three-phase four-wire system, may be equally applied to three-phase three-line system, three-phase three Line system respectively installs a Static Var Compensator in triple line, remaining operation principle is identical.
The basic principle of reactive power compensation is device and inductive load with capacitive power load and to couple In same circuit, when capacitive load releases energy, inductive load absorbs energy；And inductive load is when releasing energy, capacitive is negative Lotus is but absorbing energy, and energy is intercoursed between two kinds of loads.In this way, the reactive power that inductive load is absorbed can be by holding Property load output reactive power in be compensated.
The high-pass filter being made of filter reactor, filter capacitor is used to filter out the harmonic wave near switching frequency；Transformation Device, in practical application can flexible configuration capacity according to the demand of user, have the function of that primary and secondary side is isolated.The first, Two power switch constitute a pair of complementary AC/AC converters, wherein the first power switch is main switch, the second power switch is secondary Switch.The turn-on and turn-off of two groups of switch periods, i.e., when main switch is connected, auxiliary switch shutdown；Conversely, main switch turns off When, auxiliary switch conducting.In order to prevent two switch complete complementary, open circuit will not occur, be arranged necessary dead time be must It wants.Simultaneously in order to provide freewheeling path to dead time, therefore it is provided with resistance capaciting absorpting circuit.
First, second power switch uses PWM control modes, simple in order to analyze, and ignores dead time and Capacitance Power The state of switch, blind power switch.When main switch is connected, auxiliary switch shutdown, the voltage of power grid directly passes through first at this time Power switch is loaded with the primary side of transformer.Conversely, when the main switches are off, auxiliary switch conducting, transformer primary side and electricity at this time Net disconnects, and three-phase and center line are connected together by transformer by auxiliary switch, i.e., voltage device original edge voltage is 0 at this time, and Primary current passes through auxiliary switch afterflow.This group of power switch work and PWM state, due to transformer reactance device leakage reactance In the presence of the phenomenon that not will produce Harmonics amplification.
Capacitance Power switch, blind power switch are used for adjusting compensation capacitive reactive power and inductive reactive power.Under normal circumstances, electric Hold power switch, blind power switch in complementary working condition, i.e., when Capacitance Power switch conduction, blind power switchs Shutdown, the capacitive reactive power at this moment compensated；Conversely, when Capacitance Power switch OFF, blind power switch conduction, this when is System compensation is inductive reactive power.Therefore the system can both be suitble to compensate capacitive reactive power, can also compensate inductive reactive power.The two The control of switch, when having inductive reactive power in the system detected, is just mended by detecting that the idle type in system is determined Capacitive reactive power is repaid, that is, controls Capacitance Power switch conduction, blind power switch OFF.Conversely, when control system detects system There are when capacitive reactive power in circuit, that is, control Capacitance Power switch OFF, blind power switch conduction.Due in circuit system In, the transformation of inductive reactive power and capacitive reactive power is not very frequently, therefore the switching of the two power switch will not be very frequent, Therefore a low frequency state can also be operated in.Control strategy is also very simple, and system reduces the demand to control system, The stability that system cost improves system can be reduced.The compensation type of each phase, compensation capacity can be separately controlled in the system Etc. parameters, therefore the system can be equally used for compensating three-phase unbalance, can be used for the power quality controlling of distribution.
The present invention by using the power switch of transformer and PWM operating modes adjust compensating electric capacity connected to it or Voltage on compensation reactor, the capacitive reactive power or inductive reactive power of regulating system output.The present invention compensates for capacitive Idle, inductive reactive power, three phase unbalance current, can be used for electric system distribution transformation, industry and commerce load it is idle on the spot Compensation, the occasions such as three-phase imbalance improvement of industry and commerce building, three-phase three-wire system, which both may be used, can also use three-phase and four-line System.Have flexibly compared to traditional administration way, service life is long, and system stability is high, and compensation precision is high, control system letter Single advantage at low cost.The present invention overcomes the throwings of traditional thyristor-controlled reactor, fixed compensation capacitor device or thyristor Cut the deficiency of capacitor；Using PWM working methods, low-order harmonic is not will produce, there is fast response time, control to be easy, control The advantages that device is simple.
Description of the drawings
It is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing and embodiments of the present invention
Fig. 1 is the topological structure schematic diagram of three-phase four-wire system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the topological structure schematic diagram of three-phase three-wire system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the topological structure schematic diagram of A lines Static Var Compensator of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of control method of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that reactive requirement of the present invention calculates.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to attached drawing.The present embodiment can be used for three-phase four-wire system, can be used for phase three-wire three as shown in Figure 2 System diagram processed.In order to illustrate system work process, using illustrating for three-phase four-wire system.
The present embodiment includes A, B, C triple line and neutral conductor N, and a static var compensation is separately connected in triple line and the neutral conductor Repay device；Static Var Compensator on the A lines by filter reactor Lfa, filter capacitor Cfa, resistance capaciting absorpting circuit Rca, become Depressor Ta, the first power switch Sa1, the second power switch Sa2, Capacitance Power switch Sac, blind power switch SaL, compensation electricity Hold Ca, compensating reactance La is constituted.Static Var Compensator on the B lines is by filter reactor Lfb, filter capacitor Cfb, capacitance-resistance Absorbing circuit Rcb, transformer Tb, the first power switch Sb1, the second power switch Sb2, Capacitance Power switch Sbc, blind power Switch SbL, compensating electric capacity Cb, compensating reactance Lb are constituted.Static Var Compensator on the C lines is by filter reactor Lfc, filter Wave capacitance Cfc, resistance capaciting absorpting circuit Rcc, transformer Tc, the first power switch Sc1, the second power switch Sc2, Capacitance Power are opened Scc, blind power switch ScL, compensating electric capacity Cc, compensating reactance Lc is closed to constitute.Static Var Compensator on the N lines is by filtering Wave reactor Lfn, filter capacitor Cfn, resistance capaciting absorpting circuit Rcn, transformer Tn, the first power switch Sn1, the second power switch Sn2, Capacitance Power switch Snc, blind power switch SnL, compensating electric capacity Cn, compensating reactance Ln are constituted.
Above-mentioned filter reactor Lfa, Lfb, Lfc, Lfn and filter capacitor Cfa, Cfb, Cfc, Cfn constitutes high pass filter Wave device, since the master power switch of the system uses PWM regulation technologies, is operated in for filtering out the harmonic wave near switching frequency Certain frequency will produce fixed higher hamonic wave during the work time, therefore using the high-pass filter of Lf and Cf.Due to A, B, C is identical with the structure of center line N, therefore we are illustrated with A phases.
Static Var Compensator in A phases includes the high-pass filter being made of filter reactor Lfa, filter capacitor Cfa, One end of filter reactor Lfa is connected to A lines, and the other end is divided into multichannel, wherein connecting filter capacitor Cfa, filter capacitor all the way The other end of Cfa is connected with other filter capacitors Cfb, Cfc, Cfn；Filter reactor Lfa is also connected to the first power switch The anode of Sa1, the negative terminal of the first power switch Sa1 simultaneously connect the anode and transformer Ta primary sides of the second power switch Sa2 Anode, the anode of the first power switch Sa1 are formed in parallel with the negative terminal in parallel one of the second power switch Sa2 by resistance capacitance Resistance capaciting absorpting circuit Rca；The anode of filter reactor Lfa connection Capacitance Power switches Sac, Capacitance Power switch Sac's is negative End connection compensating electric capacity Ca, the compensating electric capacity Ca other ends are connected to the anode on transformer Ta pairs side；Filter reactor Lfa connection electricity The negative terminal of the anode of power resistance switch SaL, blind power switch SaL connects compensating reactance La, the connection of the compensating reactance La other ends To the anode on transformer Ta pairs side；The primary side negative terminal of transformer Ta, secondary side negative terminal and the second power switch Sa2 negative terminal and its The primary side negative terminal of his transformer Tb, Tc, Tn, secondary side negative terminal and other second power switch Sa2, Sb2, Sc2, Sn2 are mutual Connection.
Filter reactor Lfa and filter capacitor Cfa constitute high-pass filter, humorous near switching frequency for filtering out Wave.Sa1, Sa2, Sac and SaL are power switch, and in practical applications in order to keep design simple, identical power may be used Switch and driving.Ca is the capacitor for compensating inductive reactive power, and La is the reactor for compensating capacitive reactive power.Ta is transformation Device, in practical application can flexible configuration capacity according to the demand of user, here we in order to problem analysis it is convenient, transformer is adopted With 1:1 no-load voltage ratio has the function of that primary and secondary side is isolated.The compensator is by pulse width modulation type AC/AC converters and becomes Depressor shape combines, and the voltage on monoclonal antibody device is either compensated by adjusting compensation capacitor to adjust compensating electric capacity or compensation electricity Anti- electric current.
First power switch Sa1 and the second power switch Sa2 constitute a pair of complementary AC/AC converters, wherein the first work( Rate switch Sa1 is main switch, and the second power switch Sa2 is auxiliary switch.The turn-on and turn-off of two groups of switch periods, i.e., when master opens When closing conducting, auxiliary switch shutdown.Conversely, when main switch turns off, auxiliary switch conducting.The complete complementary of two switches in order to prevent, Open circuit will not occur, necessary dead time is set and is necessary.Simultaneously in order to provide freewheeling path to dead time, therefore set RCa freewheeling circuits are set.The two power switch use PWM control modes, simple in order to analyze, and ignore dead time and capacitance The state of power switch Sac and SaL.When main switch Sa1 is connected, auxiliary switch Sa2 shutdowns, the voltage of power grid directly passes through at this time Power switch is loaded with the primary side of transformer.Conversely, when main first power switch Sa1 shutdowns, auxiliary switch Sa2 conductings.At this time Transformer primary side is disconnected with power grid, and three-phase and center line are connected together by transformer by auxiliary switch, i.e., voltage device is former at this time Polygonal voltage is 0, and primary current passes through auxiliary switch afterflow.This group of power switch work and PWM state, due to transformation The presence of device reactor leakage reactance, the phenomenon that not will produce Harmonics amplification.
Capacitance Power switch Sac and blind power switch SaL is used for adjusting compensation capacitive reactive power and inductive reactive power.General feelings Under condition, the two power switch work in complementary state, i.e., when Sac is connected, SaL shutdowns, and the capacitive reactive power at this moment compensated；Instead It, when Sac is turned off, SaL conductings, this when, system balance was inductive reactive power.Therefore the system can both be suitble to compensate Capacitive reactive power can also compensate inductive reactive power.The control of the two switches, by detecting that the idle type in system determines, When having inductive reactive power in the system detected, capacitive reactive power is compensated for, that is, controls Sac conductings, SaL shutdowns.Conversely, when control There are when capacitive reactive power, that is, control Sac shutdowns, SaL conductings in system detectio to circuit system processed.Due in circuit system, The transformation of inductive reactive power and capacitive reactive power is not very frequently, therefore the switching of the two power switch will not be very frequent, because This can also be operated in a low frequency state.
As shown in figure 4, control method is as follows：System upon start, just carries out self-test, reads the arrange parameter of system, wrap Include operating mode selection, electric current alarm parameters, compensating parameter, threshold limit value electric current, minimum limit value electric current, the CT changes of system setting Than etc. parameters.Detecting system Current Voltage later, and calculate the reactive requirement needed for system.The calculating process is using traditional Instantaneous reactive power calculative strategy.Later, first determine whether it is required it is idle whether be zero, just maintain present status not if it is zero Become.If there is reactive requirement, be judged as it is required it is idle be inductive reactive power or capacitive reactive power, which uses split-phase judgement side Formula.It is to judge the reactive requirement of A, B, C and N phase respectively, when demand capacitive reactive power, control power switch Sc is (i.e. corresponding Sac, Sbc, Scc, Snc) be closed, SL (i.e. corresponding SaL, SbL, ScL, SnL) disconnection；Conversely, control power switch SL (i.e. corresponding SaL, SbL, ScL, SnL) is closed, and Sc (i.e. corresponding Sac, Sbc, Scc, Snc) is disconnected.This group switch is only Capacitive reactive power and inductive reactive power demand for compartment system.Then, it by controlling the duty cycle of switching of major-minor switch, adjusts each The compensation rate of phase, and by the actual output current of detecting system, the reality output of computing system is idle, and with desired value into Row compares, and is finely adjusted by closed loop.Therefore, which can be separately controlled the ginsengs such as the compensation type of each phase, compensation capacity Number, therefore the system can be equally used for compensating three-phase unbalance, can be used for the power quality controlling of distribution.
Fig. 5 gives idle detection control algolithm.Prediction algorithm is first described below, due to the uncertainty of load, is caused A specific model can not possibly be established accurately to describe nonlinear-load.Prediction model is a kind of to be moved to certain phenomenon Step response carries out the model of Accurate Prediction.So-called forecast function is exactly can be according to the historical information of system, the future of forecasting system Output.Gray model is the dynamical equation established using the discrete acquisitions data of system according to gray system theory, referred to as GM Model.Can be past by system and the data that acquire now make prediction to the development trend in system future, modeled Journey is as follows.
Assuming that an original sequence of detection is：
x(0)=[x(0)(1),x(0)(2),x(0)(3),…,x(0)(n)]
Wherein, n is the number of data in original series.To establish GM (1,1) model, it is desirable that x(0)(k) >=0 (k=1,2, 3,…n).Original data are first made into index variation
Wherein, y(0)(k) >=0 (k=1,2,3 ... n) meet modeling demand.In order to obtain rule from random data, Gray system is using dynamically several Accumulating generation methods, the mathematical description of Accumulating generation method.By original data series y(0)It generates tired Addend row y(1)：
y(1)=[y(1)(1),y(1)(2),y(1)(3),…,y(1)(n)]
For generalized energy system y(1), differential equation approximate description below can be used：
This is the univariate differential equation of single order, is denoted as GM (1,1).Utilize the pass of difference equation and the differential equation System, when the sampling interval is a unit, above-mentioned equation can be expressed as：
In above formula, by y(1)Use y(1)(k) and y(1)(k-1) mean value replaces：
Enable z(0)(k)=0.5z(1)(k)+0.5z(1)(k-1), it and by k=2,3 ... n is updated in above formula, then above formula can be with It is written as following form：
y(0)(2)=- az(1)(2)+u
y(0)(3)=- az(1)(3)+u
…
y(0)(n)=- az(1)(n)+u
Above formula is expressed in matrix as：
Parameter a and parameter u can be by original series y(0)With cumulative sequences y(1)It solves.To obtain accurate y(1)'s Growth curve at least wants 4 data.The prediction model of this patent uses 4 data.Parameter a and parameter u can by it is following most Small square law acquires optimal solution.
Wherein：
bT=[y(0)(2)y(0)(3)y(0)(4)]
The albefaction of prediction output responds solution：
Because of y(1)(1)=y(0)(1), institute's above formula can be expressed as：
Above formula can solve the predicted value of cumulative sequence, and ordered series of numbers is being restored with inverse accumulated generating.
Since sequences y is the exponent arithmetic of original series, the inverse operation reduction original series of index are done.
By system detectio to voltage, electric current substitute into the original series x of above-mentioned prediction successively(0), finally obtained It is exactly the prediction data of electric current and voltage.
Specific idle and active detection algorithm is as shown in figure 5, system detectio voltage is obtained by prediction algorithm pre- Measured data inputs to phase-locked loop pll, at the same by obtained data calculate sine sin and cosine cos values using form after, It is multiplied with the predicted value of electric current, after low-pass filter (LPF), so that it may to have obtained work value P and without work value Q.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of three phase static reactive compensation system, including triple line and the neutral conductor, it is characterised in that：Including static reactive A Static Var Compensator is separately connected on device and control system, triple line and the neutral conductor；The Static Var Compensator includes The high-pass filter being made of filter reactor, filter capacitor, filter reactor are connected to corresponding phase line or the neutral conductor, filter Wave capacitance one end is connected to the filter reactor in same Static Var Compensator, and the other end is mutually connected with other filter capacitors It is logical；The Static Var Compensator further includes a transformer, and the primary side anode of transformer is separately connected the negative of the first power switch The anode at end and the second power switch, the anode of the first power switch are connected to filter reactor, the first power switch anode with The negative terminal of second power switch is arranged in parallel a resistance capaciting absorpting circuit；Between the secondary side anode and filter reactor of the transformer Equipped with the capacitor compensating circuit and reactance compensation circuit being arranged in parallel, capacitor compensating circuit include concatenated Capacitance Power switch and Compensating electric capacity, reactance compensation circuit include concatenated blind power switch and compensating reactance；In all Static Var Compensator The negative terminal of the primary side negative terminal of transformer, secondary side negative terminal and the second power switch interconnects；The triple line and the neutral conductor The first, second power switch and Capacitance Power switch, blind power switch in upper Static Var Compensator are by control It unites to control break-make.
2. a kind of three phase static reactive compensation system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：First power switch and Second power switch is complementary state, i.e. when the first power switch is connected, the second power switch disconnects, conversely, the first power is opened When shutdown is opened, the conducting of the second power switch.
3. a kind of three phase static reactive compensation system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Capacitance Power switch and When blind power switch is complementary state, i.e. Capacitance Power switch conduction, blind power switch disconnects, conversely, Capacitance Power is opened When shutdown is opened, blind power switch conduction.
4. a kind of three phase static reactive compensation system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The resistance capaciting absorpting circuit by Capacitance, resistor coupled in parallel are formed.
5. the control method of static var compensation system described in a kind of claim 1, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
1) self-test is carried out after control system starts, and reads the arrange parameter of system；
2) Current Voltage in detecting system, and calculate the reactive requirement needed for system；
3) judge needed for it is idle whether be zero, if zero, then maintain the statusquo constant；If there is reactive requirement, needed for judgement Idle is inductive reactive power or capacitive reactive power；
4) judge the reactive requirement of triple line and the neutral conductor respectively using split-phase judgment mode；
5) when demand is capacitive reactive power, Capacitance Power switch conduction is controlled, blind power switch disconnects；When demand is perceptual nothing When work(, blind power switch conduction is controlled, Capacitance Power switch disconnects；
6) duty cycle of switching for controlling the first, second power switch, adjusts the compensation rate of each phase, and the reality for passing through detecting system The reality output of border output current, computing system is idle, and is compared with desired value, and is finely adjusted by closed loop.
6. control method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The step 2) calculates plan using instantaneous reactive power Slightly, by system detectio to voltage and current substitute into respectively in the prediction algorithm established in advance can be obtained voltage prediction data and The prediction data of electric current；The prediction data of voltage is inputted into phaselocked loop, the data for then obtaining phaselocked loop utilize form After calculating sine sin and cosine cos values, it is multiplied with the prediction data of electric current, after low-pass filter, has finally obtained work value With no work value.
7. control method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The prediction algorithm needs first to establish prediction model GM moulds Type,
Assuming that an original sequence of detection is：
x(0)=[x(0)(1),x(0)(2),x(0)(3),…,x(0)(n)]
Wherein, n is the number of data in original series；
To establish GM (1,1) model, it is desirable that x(0)(k) >=0 (k=1,2,3 ... n)；Original data are first made into index variation：
Wherein, y(0)(k) >=0 (k=1,2,3 ... n) meet modeling demand；
In order to obtain rule from random data, using dynamically several Accumulating generation methods, the mathematics of Accumulating generation method Description；By original data series y(0)Generate the ordered series of numbers y that adds up(1)：
y(1)=[y(1)(1),y(1)(2),y(1)(3),…,y(1)(n)]
For generalized energy system y(1), differential equation approximate description below can be used：
This is the univariate differential equation of single order, is denoted as GM (1,1)；
Using the relationship of difference equation and the differential equation, when the sampling interval is a unit, above-mentioned equation can be expressed as：
In above formula, by y(1)Use y(1)(k) and y(1)(k-1) mean value replaces：
Enable z(0)(k)=0.5z(1)(k)+0.5z(1)(k-1), it and by k=2,3 ... n is updated in above formula, then above formula can be written as Following form：
y(0)(2)=- az(1)(2)+u
y(0)(3)=- az(1)(3)+u
…
y(0)(n)=- az(1)(n)+u
Above formula is expressed in matrix as：
Parameter a and parameter u can be by original series y(0)With cumulative sequences y(1)It solves；
To obtain accurate y(1)Growth curve, prediction model uses 4 data；
Parameter a and parameter u can acquire optimal solution by following least square method：
Wherein：
bT=[y(0)(2) y(0)(3) y(0)(4)]
The albefaction of prediction output responds solution：
Because of y(1)(1)=y(0)(1), institute's above formula can be expressed as：
Above formula can solve the predicted value of cumulative sequence, and ordered series of numbers is being restored with inverse accumulated generating：
Since sequences y is the exponent arithmetic of original series, the inverse operation reduction original series of index are done：
The system detectio to voltage and current substitute into original series x respectively(0), obtain successivelyRespectively electric current With the prediction data of voltage.
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