CN208352983U - The single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted - Google Patents

The single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208352983U
CN208352983U CN201820993812.4U CN201820993812U CN208352983U CN 208352983 U CN208352983 U CN 208352983U CN 201820993812 U CN201820993812 U CN 201820993812U CN 208352983 U CN208352983 U CN 208352983U
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power switch
power
transformer
capacitance
capacitor
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陈如申
黎勇跃
季伟栋
章俊
何安生
高良
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Nanjing Shen Ningda Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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Nanjing Shen Ningda Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The utility model discloses the single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted, including control system and compensation circuit, the compensation circuit is connected on phase line and zero curve, and the high-pass filter being made of filter reactor, filter capacitor is equipped between phase line and zero curve;The compensation circuit further includes a transformer, and the first power switch is equipped between the primary side anode and filter reactor of transformer, and the second power switch is equipped between the primary side anode and zero curve of transformer;The capacitor compensating circuit and reactance compensation circuit being arranged in parallel are equipped between the secondary side anode and filter reactor of the transformer;First, second power switch and Capacitance Power switch, blind power switch and control on-off by control system.The utility model overcomes the shortcomings that capacitor compensation cannot continuously adjust, and combines the advantages of Static Var Compensator accurately compensates, and improves the stability of system.

Description

The single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Static Var Compensator technical field, in particular to a kind of single-phase two-way to continuously adjust Static Var Compensator.
Background technique
Electric energy is important energy source indispensable in modern society, and very extensive answer all has been obtained in different fields With this also makes the carrying of modern power network very harsh.With the development of modern industrial technology, nonlinear-load is big in electric system Amount increases, and with the development of our improvements of living standard and technology, the load of many power electronics classes occurs.Especially It is the appearance of electric car, a large amount of charging pile has accessed distribution, and with the development of battery technology, various quick charge skills Art and battery occur, and cause the demand capacity to distribution increasing, seriously affect the stability of electric system and the electricity of power supply It can quality.Various non-linear and time variation electronic device such as inverter, rectifier and various Switching Power Supplies etc. are answered on a large scale With caused negative effect is also increasingly apparent.The application of non-linear power electronic equipment brings serious harmonic wave dirt to power grid It contaminates and thereby produces a series of power quality problem.Such as: harmonic wave makes the production, transmission and the efficiency drop utilized of electric energy It is low, make electrical equipment overheat, generate vibration and noise, leads to insulation ag(e)ing, reduced service life, or even break down or burn It ruins.Harmonic wave can cause electric system local parallel resonant or series resonance, and harmonic content is caused to be amplified, and cause capacitor etc. Equipment burnout.Harmonic wave can also cause relay protection and the malfunction of automatic device, and the metering of electric energy is made mistake occur.Harmonic wave can also Communication equipment and electronic equipment is set to generate serious interference.Therefore, harmonic wave control has become what human society had to face Serious problem.Transmission line of electricity, single-phase load, electric machinery load can also generate a large amount of reactive requirement, and cause three-phase load Imbalance, serious waste is caused to the investment of power system device, while can also reduce the power quality of user.Therefore right Idle, three-phase imbalance and harmonic wave in route carry out administering value with higher.
Due to largely electric machinery being used to load in load end, a large amount of inductive reactive powers present on route, it is conventionally employed simultaneously The mode of connection capacitor carries out the compensation of inductive reactive power.This mode has knot by the combination balancing inductive reactive power of different capacitors Structure is simple, price is lower, but equipment volume is larger, can only compensate fixed inductive reactive power, and there are the danger of Harmonics amplification.And And capacitor is easier to damage, the lower disadvantage of service life.
Since the seventies, with the rapid development of power electronic technique, especially power semiconductor and Semiconductor Converting Technology Rapid development, various power electronic equipments obtain more and more extensive answer in military, industry, life and high-technology field With, the appearance of high-speed power switching device, the maturation of Instantaneous Power Theory and the development of digital processing technology have pushed static The development of reactive-load compensator.Compared with capacitive compensator, Static Var Compensator can to the idle of variation, low-order harmonic and The quick dynamically track compensation of the carry out such as dissymmetrical load, and voltage dithering can be eliminated, compensation characteristic is not by electric network impedance It influences, and the danger etc. of " Harmonics amplification " is not present, thus widely paid attention to.Static Var Compensator (SVG) technology is Based on the manufacturing technology of power device, harmonic detecting technique and Current Control Technology, with the development of these technologies, technology Great development is obtained.In recent years, it has begun both at home and abroad and uses SVG in industry and civil equipment, and stand-alone device Capacity step up, application field is from the idle to the direction for improving entire power system power supply quality of compensation user itself Development.Moreover, SVG can also compensate harmonic wave while compensating reactive power, various SVG with the raising of compensation capacity Technology has become research hotspot.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of lists for combining capacitive compensator and Static Var Compensator advantage The Static Var Compensator that two-way can mutually continuously adjust.
For this purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is: the single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted, feature Be: including control system and compensation circuit, the compensation circuit is connected on phase line and zero curve, is equipped between phase line and zero curve The high-pass filter being made of filter reactor, filter capacitor;The compensation circuit further includes a transformer, the primary side of transformer It is equipped with the first power switch between anode and filter reactor, the second power is equipped between the primary side anode and zero curve of transformer and is opened It closes;The negative terminal of the first power switch anode and the second power switch is arranged in parallel a resistance capaciting absorpting circuit;The transformer Secondary side anode and filter reactor between be equipped with the capacitor compensating circuit and reactance compensation circuit that are arranged in parallel, capacitance compensation electricity Road includes concatenated Capacitance Power switch and compensating electric capacity, and reactance compensation circuit includes concatenated blind power switch and compensation electricity It is anti-;The primary side negative terminal of the transformer and secondary side negative terminal connect zero curve simultaneously;First, second power switch and capacitor function Rate switch, blind power switch control on-off by control system.
Preferably, the control system controls the on-off of each power switch by reactive requirement, when reactive requirement is When zero, maintain the state of existing power switch constant;When there are reactive requirement, judge it is required it is idle for inductive reactive power still Capacitive reactive power controls Capacitance Power switch conduction when demand is capacitive reactive power, and blind power switch disconnects;When demand is sense Property it is idle when, control blind power switch conduction, Capacitance Power switch disconnect.
Preferably, first power switch and the second power switch are complementary state, i.e. when the first power switch is connected, Second power switch disconnects, conversely, when the first power switch disconnects, the conducting of the second power switch.
Preferably, when the Capacitance Power switch and blind power switch are complementary state, i.e. Capacitance Power switch conduction, Blind power switch disconnects, conversely, when Capacitance Power switch disconnects, blind power switch conduction.
Preferably, the resistance capaciting absorpting circuit is formed by capacitor, resistor coupled in parallel.
The basic principle of reactive power compensation is device and inductive load with capacitive power load and to couple In same circuit, when capacitive load releases energy, inductive load absorbs energy;And inductive load is when releasing energy, capacitive is negative Lotus is but absorbing energy, and energy is intercoursed between two kinds of loads.In this way, the reactive power that inductive load is absorbed can be by holding Property load output reactive power in compensated.
The high-pass filter being made of filter reactor, filter capacitor is used to filter out the harmonic wave near switching frequency;Transformation Device, in practical application can flexible configuration capacity according to the demand of user, have the function of that primary and secondary side is isolated.The first, Two power switch constitute a pair of complementary AC/AC converter, wherein the first power switch is main switch, the second power switch is secondary Switch.The turn-on and turn-off of two groups of switch periods, i.e., when main switch is connected, auxiliary switch shutdown;Conversely, main switch turns off When, auxiliary switch conducting.In order to prevent two switch complete complementary, open circuit will not occur, be arranged necessary dead time be must It wants.Simultaneously in order to provide freewheeling path to dead time, therefore it is provided with resistance capaciting absorpting circuit.
First, second power switch uses PWM control mode, simple in order to analyze, and ignores dead time and Capacitance Power The state of switch, blind power switch.When main switch conducting, auxiliary switch shutdown, the voltage of power grid directly passes through first at this time Power switch is loaded with the primary side of transformer.Conversely, when the main switches are off, auxiliary switch conducting, transformer primary side and electricity at this time Net disconnects, and transformer is connected to zero curve by auxiliary switch, i.e., voltage device original edge voltage is 0 at this time, and primary current passes through pair Switched freewheel.
Capacitance Power switch, blind power switch are used to adjust compensation capacitive reactive power and inductive reactive power.Under normal circumstances, electric Hold power switch, blind power switch in complementary working condition, i.e., when Capacitance Power switch conduction, blind power is switched Shutdown, the capacitive reactive power at this moment compensated;Conversely, when Capacitance Power switch OFF, blind power switch conduction, this when is System compensation is inductive reactive power.Therefore the system can both be suitble to compensate capacitive reactive power, can also compensate inductive reactive power.The two The control of switch, when having inductive reactive power in the system detected, is just mended by detecting that the idle type in system is determined Capacitive reactive power is repaid, i.e. control Capacitance Power switch conduction, blind power switch OFF.Conversely, when control system detects system There are when capacitive reactive power in circuit, that is, control Capacitance Power switch OFF, blind power switch conduction.Due in circuit system In, the transformation of inductive reactive power and capacitive reactive power is not very frequently, therefore the switching of the two power switch will not very frequently.
The utility model is directed to the characteristics of traditional single-phase reactive-load compensator, by traditional capacitive compensator and static reacance The advantages of compensator, combines, and has not only overcome the shortcomings that capacitor compensation cannot continuously adjust, but also combine Static Var Compensator The advantages of accurate compensation, while the complexity of system is also reduced, improve the stability of system.The of the utility model One, the second power switch uses PWM working method, will not generate low-order harmonic, there is fast response time, control to be easy, control The advantages that device is simple.
Detailed description of the invention
It is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing and the embodiments of the present invention
Fig. 1 is the topological structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the utility model control method;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that the utility model reactive requirement calculates.
Specific embodiment
Referring to attached drawing.The Static Var Compensator of the present embodiment includes control system and compensation circuit, the compensation circuit It is connected on phase line A and zero curve N, compensates circuit by filter reactor Lfa, filter capacitor C, resistance capaciting absorpting circuit Rca, transformer Ta, the first power switch Sa1, the second power switch Sa2, Capacitance Power switch Sac, blind power switch SaL, compensating electric capacity Ca, compensating reactance La are constituted.
One end of the filter reactor Lfa is connected to phase line A, and the other end is divided into multichannel, wherein connecting filtered electrical all the way Hold C, the other end of filter capacitor C is connected to zero curve N;Filter reactor Lfa is also connected to the anode of the first power switch Sa1, The negative terminal of first power switch Sa1 connects the anode of the second power switch Sa2 and the anode of transformer Ta primary side, the second function simultaneously The negative terminal of rate switch Sa2 is connected to the zero curve N of system;The anode of the first power switch Sa1 and the second power switch Sa2's The resistance capaciting absorpting circuit Rca that negative terminal parallel connection one is formed in parallel by resistance capacitance;Filter reactor Lfa connection Capacitance Power switch The negative terminal of the anode of Sac, Capacitance Power switch Sac connects compensating electric capacity Ca, and the compensating electric capacity Ca other end is connected to transformer Ta The anode on secondary side;The anode of filter reactor Lfa connection blind power switch SaL, the negative terminal of blind power switch SaL, which connects, to be mended Reactance La is repaid, the compensating reactance La other end is connected to the anode on transformer Ta pair side;The primary side negative terminal of transformer and secondary side negative terminal It is connected to the zero curve N of system simultaneously.
Filter reactor Lfa and filter capacitor C constitute high-pass filter, for filtering out the harmonic wave near switching frequency. Sa1, Sa2, Sac and SaL are power switch, in practical applications in order to keep design simple, can be opened using identical power It closes and drives.Ca is the capacitor for compensating inductive reactive power, and La is the reactor for compensating capacitive reactive power.Ta is transformation Device, in practical application can flexible configuration capacity according to the demand of user, here we in order to problem analysis it is convenient, transformer is adopted With the no-load voltage ratio of 1:1, have the function of that primary and secondary side is isolated.The compensator is by pulse width modulation type AC/AC converter and becomes Depressor shape combines, and compensates the voltage on monoclonal antibody device perhaps by adjusting compensation capacitor to adjust compensating electric capacity or compensation electricity Anti- electric current.
First power switch Sa1 and the second power switch Sa2 constitutes a pair of complementary AC/AC converter, wherein the first function Rate switch Sa1 is main switch, and the second power switch Sa2 is auxiliary switch.The turn-on and turn-off of two groups of switch periods, i.e., when master opens When closing conducting, auxiliary switch shutdown.Conversely, when main switch turns off, auxiliary switch conducting.The complete complementary of two switches in order to prevent, Open circuit will not occur, necessary dead time is set and is necessary.Simultaneously in order to provide freewheeling path to dead time, therefore set RCa freewheeling circuit is set.The two power switch use PWM control mode, simple in order to analyze, and ignore dead time and capacitor The state of power switch Sac and SaL.When main switch Sa1 conducting, auxiliary switch Sa2 shutdown, the voltage of power grid directly passes through at this time Power switch is loaded with the primary side of transformer.Conversely, when main first power switch Sa1 shutdown, auxiliary switch Sa2 conducting.At this time Transformer primary side and power grid disconnect, and three-phase and middle line are connected together by transformer by auxiliary switch, i.e., voltage device is former at this time Polygonal voltage is 0, and primary current passes through auxiliary switch afterflow.This group of power switch work and PWM state, due to transformation The presence of device reactor leakage reactance, the phenomenon that Harmonics amplification will not be generated.
Capacitance Power switch Sac and blind power switch SaL is used to adjust compensation capacitive reactive power and inductive reactive power.General feelings Under condition, the two power switch work in complementary state, i.e., when Sac is connected, SaL shutdown, and the capacitive reactive power at this moment compensated;Instead It, when Sac shutdown, SaL conducting, this when, system balance was inductive reactive power.Therefore the system can both be suitble to compensate Capacitive reactive power can also compensate inductive reactive power.The control of the two switches, by detecting that the idle type in system determines, When having inductive reactive power in the system detected, capacitive reactive power is compensated for, i.e. control Sac conducting, SaL shutdown.Conversely, when control System detection processed is into circuit system there are when capacitive reactive power, i.e., control Sac shutdown, SaL are connected.Due in circuit system, The transformation of inductive reactive power and capacitive reactive power is not very frequently, therefore the switching of the two power switch will not be very frequent, because This can also work in a low frequency state.
As shown in Fig. 2, the control method of the Static Var Compensator is as follows: system upon start, just carries out self-test, reads Take the setting parameter of system;Detection system Current Voltage later, and reactive requirement needed for calculating system, circular As shown in Figure 3;The calculating process uses traditional instantaneous reactive power calculative strategy, and control system first determines whether required idle Whether it is zero, just maintains present status constant if it is zero.If there is reactive requirement, it is judged as required idle for inductive reactive power Or capacitive reactive power, when demand capacitive reactive power, control Capacitance Power switch Sac closure, SaL is disconnected;Conversely, control reactance function Rate switch SaL closure, Sac are disconnected.This group switch is served only for the capacitive reactive power and inductive reactive power demand of compartment system.Then, lead to The duty cycle of switching for crossing control major-minor switch adjusts the compensation rate of each phase, and idle by the reality output of detection system, with Target value is compared, and is finely adjusted by closed loop, that is, is adjusted by pi regulator.
Fig. 3 gives idle detection control algolithm.Prediction algorithm is first described below, due to the uncertainty of load, is caused A specific model can not be established accurately to describe nonlinear-load.Prediction model is a kind of to move to certain phenomenon The model of step response progress Accurate Prediction.So-called forecast function is exactly can be according to the historical information of system, the future of forecasting system Output.Gray model is the dynamical equation established according to gray system theory using the discrete acquisitions data of system, referred to as GM Model.Can be past by system and the data that acquire now make prediction to the development trend in system future, modeled Journey is as follows.
Assuming that an original sequence of detection are as follows:
x(0)=[x(0)(1),x(0)(2),x(0)(3),…,x(0)(n)]
Wherein, n is the number of data in original series.To establish GM (1,1) model, it is desirable that x(0)(k) >=0 (k=1,2, 3,…n).Original data are first made into index variation
Wherein, y(0)(k) >=0 (k=1,2,3 ... n) meet modeling demand.In order to obtain rule from random data, Gray system is using dynamically several Accumulating generation methods, the mathematical description of Accumulating generation method.By original data series y(0)It generates tired Addend column y(1):
y(1)=[y(1)(1),y(1)(2),y(1)(3),…,y(1)(n)]
For generalized energy system y(1), differential equation approximate description below can be used:
This is the univariate differential equation of single order, is denoted as GM (1,1).Utilize the pass of difference equation and the differential equation System, when the sampling interval is a unit, above-mentioned equation can be indicated are as follows:
In above formula, by y(1)Use y(1)(k) and y(1)(k-1) mean value replaces:
Enable z(0)(k)=0.5z(1)(k)+0.5z(1)(k-1), it and by k=2,3 ... n is updated in above formula, then above formula can be with It is written as following form:
y(0)(2)=- az(1)(2)+u
y(0)(3)=- az(1)(3)+u
y(0)(n)=- az(1)(n)+u
Above formula is expressed in matrix as:
Parameter a and parameter u can be by original series y(0)With cumulative sequences y(1)It solves.To obtain accurate y(1)'s Growth curve at least wants 4 data.The prediction model of this patent uses 4 data.Parameter a and parameter u can by it is following most Small square law acquires optimal solution.
Wherein:
bT=[y(0)(2)y(0)(3)y(0)(4)]
The albefaction of prediction output responds solution are as follows:
Because of y(1)(1)=y(0)(1), institute's above formula can indicate are as follows:
Above formula can solve the predicted value of cumulative sequence, restore ordered series of numbers with inverse accumulated generating.
Since sequences y is the exponent arithmetic of original series, the inverse operation reduction original series of index are done.
By system detection to voltage, electric current successively substitute into the original series x of above-mentioned prediction(0), finally obtained It is exactly the prediction data of electric current and voltage.
Specific idle and active detection algorithm as shown in figure 3, by system detection voltage pass through prediction algorithm obtain it is pre- Measured data inputs to phase-locked loop pll, at the same by obtained data calculate sine sin and cosine cos value using form after, It is multiplied with the predicted value of electric current, after low-pass filter (LPF), so that it may obtain work value P and without work value Q.

Claims (5)

1. the single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted, it is characterised in that: including control system and compensation circuit, institute It states compensation circuit to be connected on phase line and zero curve, the height being made of filter reactor, filter capacitor is equipped between phase line and zero curve Bandpass filter;The compensation circuit further includes a transformer, and first is equipped between the primary side anode and filter reactor of transformer Power switch is equipped with the second power switch between the primary side anode and zero curve of transformer;The first power switch anode and The negative terminal of two power switch is arranged in parallel a resistance capaciting absorpting circuit;It is set between the secondary side anode and filter reactor of the transformer There are the capacitor compensating circuit being arranged in parallel and reactance compensation circuit, capacitor compensating circuit includes concatenated Capacitance Power switch and mends Capacitor is repaid, reactance compensation circuit includes concatenated blind power switch and compensating reactance;The primary side negative terminal and pair of the transformer Side negative terminal connects zero curve simultaneously;First, second power switch and Capacitance Power switch, blind power switch are by control System controls on-off.
2. the single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the control System controls the on-off of each power switch by reactive requirement, when reactive requirement is zero, maintains existing power switch State is constant;When there are reactive requirement, judge it is required idle for inductive reactive power or capacitive reactive power, when demand be capacitive without When function, Capacitance Power switch conduction is controlled, blind power switch disconnects;When demand is inductive reactive power, control blind power is opened Conducting is closed, Capacitance Power switch disconnects.
3. the single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first Power switch and the second power switch are complementary state, i.e. when the first power switch is connected, the second power switch is disconnected, conversely, When first power switch disconnects, the conducting of the second power switch.
4. the single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the capacitor When power switch and blind power switch are complementary state, i.e. Capacitance Power switch conduction, blind power switch is disconnected, conversely, When Capacitance Power switch disconnects, blind power switch conduction.
5. the single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the capacitance-resistance Absorbing circuit is formed by capacitor, resistor coupled in parallel.
CN201820993812.4U 2018-06-27 2018-06-27 The single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted Active CN208352983U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108599189A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-09-28 南京申宁达智能科技有限公司 The single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108599189A (en) * 2018-06-27 2018-09-28 南京申宁达智能科技有限公司 The single-phase Static Var Compensator that two-way can be continuously adjusted

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