CN108803054A - A kind of 3D light fields display system - Google Patents

A kind of 3D light fields display system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108803054A
CN108803054A CN201810574335.2A CN201810574335A CN108803054A CN 108803054 A CN108803054 A CN 108803054A CN 201810574335 A CN201810574335 A CN 201810574335A CN 108803054 A CN108803054 A CN 108803054A
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China
Prior art keywords
images
grating
plane
composite grating
generating means
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CN201810574335.2A
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CN108803054B (en
Inventor
桑新柱
杨神武
于迅博
高鑫
刘博阳
杨乐
刘立
颜玢玢
苑金辉
王葵如
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of 3D light fields display system, including 2D images generating means and composite grating;Wherein, 2D images generating means is used to project 2D images to composite grating;Composite grating is the optical grating construction that cylindrical lens are provided at the slit of slit grating, and the 2D images that composite grating is used to project for 2D image generating means provide the light field with stereoscopic effect, to form 3D images.System provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by the composite grating for being provided with cylindrical lens at the slit of slit grating, it solves the problems, such as resolution ratio can be caused to reduce when existing 3D light fields display system increases visual angle, it ensures while increasing viewing visual angle, the reduction of resolution ratio will not be caused due to the increase of pitch.Meanwhile compared to traditional slit grating, improving the display brightness of 3D images.

Description

A kind of 3D light fields display system
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to light field display technology field more particularly to a kind of 3D light fields display systems.
Background technology
With the rapid development of science and technology, bore hole 3D display has become the mainstream development trend of display industry, wherein base In the bore hole 3D display equipment of slit grating or Lenticular screen, regarding for three-dimension object can be constructed by different location in space Point.Because it is with of low cost, advantages of simple structure and simple, the bore hole 3D display equipment vendor based on slit grating or Lenticular screen It is high with degree is changed.
Bore hole 3D display system based on slit grating 102 as shown in Figure 1, wherein slit grating 102 play control light The effect of line, in the light directing space that can send out pixel on 2D display screens 101 different positions.Viewpoint in Fig. 1 refers to The different side-informations for the three-dimension object that different location is respectively seen in space.However, above-mentioned display mode is there are some defects, Such as an image by acquiring 4 different side-information synthesis of any threedimensional model, the information of 4 viewpoints is contained, Therefore the resolution ratio of each viewpoint will decline 1/4.And since slit grating has covered most light, it is based on slit grating Display mode brightness it is low.
Bore hole 3D display system based on Lenticular screen 202 as shown in Figure 2, the herein effect of Lenticular screen 202 As the slit grating 102 in Fig. 1.But due to cylindrical lens energy light transmission, so the brightness of Lenticular screen 202 is compared to narrow 102 higher of grating is stitched, principle is to control light by the way that refraction can occur when cylindrical lens using light.But above two is aobvious Show that the resolution ratio of mode can equally decline with the increase of viewpoint, and the viewing visual angle formed is all θ=2arctanp/ 2g, wherein p are the pitch of slit grating 102 or Lenticular screen 202, and g is 202 distance of slit grating 102 or Lenticular screen The distance of 2D display screens 101.
However, if increasing viewing visual angle if only saving p by increase, other negative effects can be brought, such as increase Add granular sensation, reduce resolution ratio.As shown in figure 3, because 2D display screens 101 are placed on 302 back focal plane of cylindrical lens, pixel For the light sent out by that can be directional light that a beam width is equal to cylindrical lens pitch after cylindrical lens 302, human eye 303 passes through a column Lens 302 can only watch a pixel, so with the increase of cylindrical lens pitch, the number of cylindrical lens 302 can be reduced, so Resolution ratio can decline.
Invention content
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of 3D light fields display system, is regarded to solve existing 3D light fields display system increase The problem of resolution ratio being caused to reduce when angle.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of 3D light fields display system, including 2D images generating means and composite grating;Wherein, 2D image generating means is used to project 2D images to composite grating;Composite grating is saturating to be provided with column at the slit of slit grating The optical grating construction of mirror, the 2D images that composite grating is used to project for 2D image generating means provide the light field with stereoscopic effect, To form 3D images.
A kind of 3D light fields display system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is saturating by being provided with column at the slit of slit grating The composite grating of mirror solves the problems, such as resolution ratio can be caused to reduce when existing 3D light fields display system increases visual angle, it is ensured that Increase viewing visual angle while, the reduction of resolution ratio will not be caused due to the increase of pitch.Meanwhile compared to traditional Slit grating improves the display brightness of 3D images.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair Some bright embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the bore hole 3D display systematic schematic diagram in the prior art based on slit grating;
Fig. 2 is the bore hole 3D display systematic schematic diagram in the prior art based on Lenticular screen;
Fig. 3 is the bore hole 3D display systematic schematic diagram in the prior art based on Lenticular screen;
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of 3D light fields display system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of composite grating in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of 3D light fields display system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein,
101-2D display screens;102- slit gratings;202- Lenticular screens;
302- cylindrical lens;303- human eyes;401-2D image generating means;
402- composite gratings;403-3D images;501- cylindrical lens;
502- shading light parts;The first projecting apparatus of 601-;The second projecting apparatus of 602-;
603- third projecting apparatus;604- vertical proliferation films.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art The every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of 3D light fields display system in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, a kind of 3D Light field display system, including 2D images generating means 401 and composite grating 402;Wherein, 2D images generating means 401 be used for Composite grating 402 projects 2D images;Composite grating 402 is the optical grating construction that cylindrical lens are provided at the slit of slit grating, The 2D images that composite grating 402 is used to project for 2D images generating means 401 provide the light field with stereoscopic effect, to form 3D Image.
Specifically, 2D images generating means 401 can be 2D display screens, and can also be projecting apparatus etc. can externally project shadow The equipment of picture, and 2D images generating means 401 can be single display screen or projecting apparatus, can also be multiple 2D display screens and/ Or the combination of projecting apparatus, the type to 2D images generating means 401 and quantity do not make specific limit to the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, composite grating 402 is equivalent to the combination of existing slit grating and Lenticular screen.Fig. 5 is that the present invention is real A kind of structural schematic diagram of composite grating 402 in example is applied, as shown in figure 5, composite grating 402 is by cylindrical lens 501 and light shielding part 502 are divided to constitute.Relative to the slit grating being made of the slit between shading light part 502 and shading light part 502, composite grating 402 increase the slit of slit grating, and cylindrical lens 501 are provided at slit.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, 2D images generating means 401 and 402 collective effect of composite grating generate 3D images.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by being provided with the composite grating 402 of cylindrical lens at the slit of slit grating, solve The problem of existing 3D light fields display system can cause resolution ratio to reduce when increasing visual angle, it is ensured that increasing the same of viewing visual angle When, the reduction of resolution ratio will not be caused due to the increase of pitch.Meanwhile compared to traditional slit grating, improving 3D shadows The display brightness of picture.
Based on above-described embodiment, a kind of 3D light fields display system, 2D images generating means 401 is arranged in the first plane, multiple Closing light grid 402 are arranged in the second plane, and the first plane is parallel with the second plane, i.e. plane where 2D images generating means 401 It is parallel with the plane where composite grating 402.Similarly, it is filled with 2D images by the plane where 2D images generating means 401 Set 401 send out 2D images imaging surface it is parallel it is found that 2D images generating means 401 sends out the imaging surface and composite grating of 2D images Plane where 402 is parallel.
It is parallel with the second plane by the way that the first plane is arranged in the embodiment of the present invention, contribute to 3D light field display systems 3D The promotion of image display effect.
Based on any of the above-described embodiment, a kind of 3D light fields display system, 2D images generating means 401 is array of rear-projectors, Array of rear-projectors includes multiple projecting apparatus, and multiple projecting apparatus are uniformly equidistantly arranged in the first straight line of the first plane.
Wherein, in above-mentioned multiple projecting apparatus, each projecting apparatus is used to project 2D images to composite grating 402, and each Projector be orientation light.Each projecting apparatus can project the information of several viewpoints.Above-mentioned multiple projecting apparatus In, the corresponding viewpoint of information of any two projector projects is different.In array of rear-projectors, each projector projects 2D images constitute array of rear-projectors imaging surface before projecting composite grating 402, thus array of rear-projectors imaging surface is located at throwing Between shadow instrument array and composite grating 402, the face of any projecting apparatus imaging is independent.Several in the embodiment of the present invention Refer to one or more.Multiple viewpoints in space different location be able to the three-dimension object seen not ipsilateral letter Breath.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, by equidistantly being arranged to projecting apparatus so that array of rear-projectors projection 2D images can be uniformly incident upon on composite grating 402, so that the 3D light field display systems that the embodiment of the present invention proposes can More preferably display effect is provided.
Include multiple projecting apparatus by the way that array of rear-projectors is arranged in the embodiment of the present invention, it can be the case where viewpoint increases Under, compared to the prior art, there is higher resolution ratio and broader viewing visual angle, solve viewpoint existing in the prior art Number and resolution ratio form the relationship mutually restricted, can show the 3D images of more preferable effect.
Based on any of the above-described embodiment, a kind of 3D light fields display system, the periodic structure of first straight line and composite grating It is parallel.It should be noted that there is composite grating periodic structure, composite grating reflection, transmission and diffraction occurs to light Direction be with the direction of its periodic structure be identical.
Based on any of the above-described embodiment, a kind of 3D light fields display system further includes vertical proliferation film, and vertical proliferation film is used for Light in light field with stereoscopic effect is spread in the vertical direction;Vertical proliferation film is located at third plane, third plane It is parallel with the first plane and the second plane;First plane, the second plane and third plane are sequentially arranged.
Specifically, vertical proliferation film is obtained by the method for the interference of light, can will be sent out by composite grating 402 The light field with stereoscopic effect in light spread predetermined angle in the vertical direction, and in the horizontal direction not to above-mentioned light The optical device having an impact.It should be noted that the diffusion angle of vertical proliferation film can be according to 3D light field display systems Actual demand determines that the embodiment of the present invention is not especially limited this.
The operation logic of 3D light fields display system is as follows in the embodiment of the present invention:
First, 2D images generating means 401 launches 2D images, and is incident upon on composite grating 402.Then, 2D images The 2D images that generating means 401 projects form the light field with stereoscopic effect by composite grating 402.Then, pass through complex light Light in the light field with stereoscopic effect that grid 402 are formed spreads predetermined angle in the vertical direction by vertical proliferation film Afterwards, 3D images are formed.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by adding vertical proliferation film, solve the 2D shadows projected due to 2D image generating means As the smaller problem in divergence of beam angle, it ensure that viewer can watch 3D light field display systems to show in entire vertical direction 3D images.
Based on any of the above-described embodiment, the viewing visual angle of a kind of 3D light fields display system, 3D light field display systems is:
Wherein,For viewing visual angle, N is the projecting apparatus number in array of rear-projectors, and p is the pitch of composite grating, and g is to throw The distance between shadow instrument array and array of rear-projectors imaging surface.
Specifically, multiple projecting apparatus form multiple viewpoints in space jointly, if the lateral resolution of projecting apparatus is M, The 3-D view resolution ratio finally shown only drops to M/N.Then the viewing visual angle of 3D light fields display system also improves N therewith Times.
It is carried out in order to better understand with shown below with a kind of 3D light fields display system proposed by the present invention, the present invention is applied Example, and the present invention is not only limited to following example.
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of 3D light fields display system in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6,3D light fields Display system includes array of rear-projectors, composite grating 402 and vertical proliferation film 604.
Wherein, array of rear-projectors is made of the projecting apparatus of 3 equidistant arrangements, and the 3D light field display systems tool in this example Standby 18 viewpoints, the image that each projector projects go out includes the information of 6 viewpoints.Specifically, wherein the first projecting apparatus 601 is thrown The 2D images penetrated include the information of viewpoint 13,14,15,16,17 and 18, and the 2D images of the second projecting apparatus 602 projection include viewpoint 7,8,9,10,11 and 12 information, the 2D images that third projecting apparatus 603 projects include the information of viewpoint 1,2,3,4,5 and 6.
The 2D images of the first projecting apparatus 601 projection are after composite grating 402 and vertical proliferation film 602 as a result, in space In form viewpoint 13,14,15,16,17 and 18, the 2D images of the second projecting apparatus 602 projection are by composite grating 402 and vertical After diffusion barrier 604, viewpoint 7,8,9,10,11 and 12 is formd in space, the 2D images that third projecting apparatus 603 projects are by multiple After closing light grid 402 and vertical proliferation film 604, viewpoint 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 is formd in space.Above three projecting apparatus as a result, The 3D images for including 18 viewpoints are constructed in space jointly.
If the horizontal resolution of projecting apparatus is M, the resolution ratio of the 3D images finally shown only drops to M/6, than tradition Method improve 3 times.The viewing visual angle of 3D light field display systems in this example is:
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the viewing visual angle of the 3D light field display systems in this example is improved compared to conventional light field display system 3 times.
Herein, the discharge of array of rear-projectors is by taking 3 projecting apparatus in Fig. 6 as an example, the projecting apparatus of other quantity can and so on, First projecting apparatus 601, the second projecting apparatus 602 and third projecting apparatus 603 are placed at fore-and-aft distance composite grating 402L+g, above-mentioned The projected 2D images of projection are imaged on away from the L of array of rear-projectors longitudinal direction.First projecting apparatus 601 exists with third projecting apparatus 603 The distance of horizontal direction, the second projecting apparatus of distance 602 is d=pL/g, and wherein p is the pitch of composite grating 402.
In this example, by being provided with the composite grating 402 of cylindrical lens at the slit of slit grating, solve existing The problem of 3D light field display systems can cause resolution ratio to reduce when increasing visual angle, it is ensured that while increasing viewing visual angle, no It can lead to the reduction of resolution ratio due to the increase of pitch.Meanwhile compared to traditional slit grating, improving the aobvious of 3D images Show brightness.
Secondly, include multiple projecting apparatus by the way that array of rear-projectors is arranged, it can be in the case where viewpoint increases, compared to existing There is technology, there is higher resolution ratio and broader viewing visual angle, solve viewpoint number existing in the prior art and resolution Rate forms the relationship mutually restricted, can show the 3D images of more preferable effect.
Again, by equidistantly being arranged to projecting apparatus so that the 2D images of array of rear-projectors projection can be projected uniformly On composite grating 402, so that the 3D light field display systems that the embodiment of the present invention proposes are capable of providing more preferably display effect.
Finally, by adding vertical proliferation film 604, the 2D image lights hair projected due to 2D image generating means is solved The smaller problem in scattered angle ensure that viewer can watch the 3D shadows that 3D light field display systems are shown in entire vertical direction Picture.
Finally it should be noted that:The above various embodiments is only to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention rather than right It is limited;Although the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments, the ordinary skill of this field Personnel should understand that:It still can be with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, or to which part Or all technical features carries out equivalent replacement;And these modifications or replacements, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution The range of each embodiment technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of 3D light fields display system, which is characterized in that including 2D images generating means and composite grating;
Wherein, the 2D images generating means is used to project 2D images to the composite grating;
The composite grating is the optical grating construction that cylindrical lens are provided at the slit of slit grating, and the composite grating is for being The 2D images of the 2D images generating means projection provide the light field with stereoscopic effect, to form 3D images.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 2D images generating means is arranged in the first plane, institute It states composite grating and is arranged in the second plane, first plane is parallel with second plane.
3. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the 2D images generating means is array of rear-projectors, described Array of rear-projectors includes multiple projecting apparatus, and the multiple projecting apparatus is uniformly equidistantly arranged in the first straight line of first plane On.
4. system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the first straight line is tied with the periodical of the composite grating Structure is parallel.
5. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include vertical proliferation film, the vertical proliferation film is used for Light in the light field with stereoscopic effect is spread in the vertical direction;
The vertical proliferation film is located at third plane, and the third plane is parallel with first plane and second plane;
First plane, second plane and the third plane are sequentially arranged.
6. system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the viewing visual angle of the 3D light fields display system is:
Wherein,For viewing visual angle, N is the projecting apparatus number in the array of rear-projectors, and p is the pitch of the composite grating, g For the distance between the array of rear-projectors and array of rear-projectors imaging surface.
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