CN108803053B - Three-dimensional light field display system - Google Patents
Three-dimensional light field display system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108803053B CN108803053B CN201810573895.6A CN201810573895A CN108803053B CN 108803053 B CN108803053 B CN 108803053B CN 201810573895 A CN201810573895 A CN 201810573895A CN 108803053 B CN108803053 B CN 108803053B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
- G02F1/292—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection by controlled diffraction or phased-array beam steering
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional light field display system, which comprises a backlight source, a liquid crystal panel, a cylindrical lens grating, a holographic functional screen and a slit grating, wherein the liquid crystal panel is arranged on the backlight source; the backlight source is used for projecting light to the liquid crystal panel; the liquid crystal panel, the cylindrical lens grating, the holographic functional screen and the slit grating are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of light; the liquid crystal panel is used for modulating light projected by the backlight source; the cylindrical lenticulation is used for providing a single parallax optical field with a three-dimensional effect based on the modulated light; the holographic function screen is used for diffusing the light field provided by the cylindrical lens grating, so that an observer can see the light field provided by the cylindrical lens grating from different angles; the slit grating is used for providing a full parallax light field with a stereoscopic effect based on the diverged light field. According to the embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical lens grating is arranged to provide a single parallax light field with a three-dimensional effect, the holographic functional screen divergent square and the slit grating is arranged to provide a full parallax light field with a three-dimensional effect, and the three cooperate with each other to realize full parallax viewing.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of optics, in particular to a three-dimensional light field display system.
Background
The electronic sand table display technology plays an important role in the fields of military command, urban planning, emergency response, house and land development and the like at present. However, most of the existing electronic sand table display technologies are still limited to two-dimensional plane display, and the requirements for depth data and spatial information perception cannot be met. The electronic sand table technology has the greatest requirement for realizing the fact that three-dimensional scenes with high definition and large visual angles can be truly reproduced. The existing three-dimensional electronic sand table mainly comprises auxiliary mirror type display and holographic display. Assisted mirror display technology increases viewer discomfort by requiring special fittings to be worn. The holographic display technology can restore a three-dimensional scene realistically, but still has the defects of small angle, single color, overlarge data volume and the like.
The autostereoscopic display technology is a display mode which is developed more mature, does not need to wear auxiliary equipment and directly provides three-dimensional information for human eyes, and the mainstream technology at present is a scheme of cylindrical lenticulation and slit grating.
The lenticular lens grating stereoscopic display consists of a lenticular lens grating and a liquid crystal display panel. The cylindrical lenticulation is the core part in the technology, has space light splitting capacity, controls different parallax image light rays from the liquid crystal to form space viewpoints, and respectively enters the left eye and the right eye to form stereoscopic impression. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art lenticular stereoscopic display, and the display principle is as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 2 is a display schematic diagram of a slit grating stereoscopic display in the prior art, and a slit grating-based naked-eye 3D display device is shown in fig. 2, where the slit grating may be regarded as being formed by alternately arranging periodic light-transmitting strips and light-shielding strips, and the light-shielding strips may ensure complete light blocking. By loading image coding information of a plurality of viewpoints on the 2D display, different parallax images can be imaged at different positions in space, and accordingly a naked eye 3D display effect is achieved. The lenticular grating and the slit grating need to be inclined at a certain angle to eliminate moire fringes formed by a space period of an LCD pixel and a space period of the grating, and the moire fringes refer to fringes generated by an interference effect of a periodic structure of the grating and a periodic structure of a black matrix on an LCD display screen.
The backlight source of the present autostereoscopic display emits light rays facing to various directions, and the cylindrical lens array generates an aberration phenomenon when modulating the light rays. In current displays, there is also basically a single parallax display.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional light field display system.
The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional light field display system, which comprises a backlight source, a liquid crystal panel, a cylindrical lens grating, a holographic functional screen and a slit grating, wherein the liquid crystal panel is arranged on the backlight source; the backlight source is used for projecting light rays to the liquid crystal panel; the liquid crystal panel, the cylindrical lens grating, the holographic functional screen and the slit grating are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of light; the liquid crystal panel is used for modulating the light projected by the backlight source; the cylindrical lenticulation is used for providing a single parallax optical field with a three-dimensional effect based on the modulated light; the holographic function screen is used for diffusing the light field provided by the cylindrical lens grating, so that an observer can see the light field provided by the cylindrical lens grating from different angles; the slit grating is used for providing a full parallax light field with a three-dimensional effect based on the diverged light field.
The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional light field display system, which comprises an orientation backlight source, a liquid crystal panel, a cylindrical lens grating, a holographic function screen and a slit grating, wherein the liquid crystal panel is arranged on the liquid crystal panel; the backlight source is used for projecting light rays to the liquid crystal panel; the cylindrical lens grating, the liquid crystal panel, the holographic functional screen and the slit grating are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of light; the cylindrical lenticulation is used for providing a single parallax light field with a stereoscopic effect based on the light projected by the backlight source; the liquid crystal panel is used for modulating the single parallax light field; the holographic function screen is used for diffusing the modulated single parallax light field, so that an observer can see the light field provided by the cylindrical lens grating from different angles; the slit grating is used for providing a full parallax light field with a three-dimensional effect based on the diverged light field.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical lens grating is arranged to provide the single parallax light field with the stereoscopic effect, the holographic function screen divergence square and the slit grating is arranged to provide the full parallax light field with the stereoscopic effect, and the three cooperate with each other to realize full parallax viewing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art lenticular stereoscopic display;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a slit grating stereoscopic display according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of forming viewpoints by directional rays in the X-axis direction in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system established in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional light field display system with gaps marked thereon according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a three-dimensional display system for displaying images;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a three-dimensional light field display system according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of forming viewpoints by directional rays in the X-axis direction in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system established in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for displaying images in a three-dimensional display system;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
101-2D display; 102-cylindrical lenticulation; 202-slit grating;
303-holographic functional screen; 304-a liquid crystal panel; 305 — backlight.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the three-dimensional light field display system includes a backlight 305, a liquid crystal panel 304, a lenticular lens grating 102, a holographic functional screen 303, and a slit grating 202; the backlight 305 is configured to project light to the liquid crystal panel 304; the liquid crystal panel 304, the cylindrical lenticular grating 102, the holographic functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202 are arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of light; the liquid crystal panel 304 is used for modulating the light projected by the backlight 305; the cylindrical lenticulation 102 is used for providing a single parallax optical field with a stereoscopic effect based on the modulated light; the holographic function screen 303 is configured to diverge the light field provided by the lenticular lens grating 102, so that an observer can see the light field provided by the lenticular lens grating 102 from different angles; the slit grating 202 is used for providing a full parallax light field with a stereoscopic effect based on the diverged light field. The device comprises an orientation backlight source, a liquid crystal panel, a cylindrical lens grating, a holographic functional screen and a slit grating; the directional backlight is used for emitting light; the liquid crystal panel, the cylindrical lens grating, the holographic functional screen and the slit grating are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of light.
Specifically, the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention is a three-dimensional light field display system suitable for desktop type electronic sand table display.
Further, the lenticular lens 102 in the embodiment of the present invention is a lenticular lens array arranged in a precise period, and is generally used for realizing a naked-eye 3D function. The slit grating 202 in the embodiment of the present invention is a light-shielding and light-transmitting structure arranged in an accurate period, and is used for realizing a naked eye 3D function. The backlight 305 in the embodiment of the present invention is used to light up the display content loaded by the display device. The holographic functional screen 303 in the embodiment of the present invention is an optical film that is manufactured by speckle holography and has a specific angle expansion effect on incident light.
It should be noted that the holographic functional screen 303 has a function of diffusing light, that is, light can be diffused softly and uniformly on its surface, and the diffusion angle is controllable.
It should be noted that, when the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied, an observer views an image in the three-dimensional light field display system, and a desktop of the three-dimensional light field display system displayed by the desktop electronic sand table is a plane where the slit grating 202 is located.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical lens grating is arranged to provide the single parallax light field with the stereoscopic effect, the holographic function screen divergence square and the slit grating is arranged to provide the full parallax light field with the stereoscopic effect, and the three cooperate with each other to realize full parallax viewing.
Based on the above embodiment, the backlight 305 is a directional backlight for projecting directional light to the liquid crystal panel.
It should be noted that, light rays emitted by the current autostereoscopic display backlight are directed in various directions, and the cylindrical lens array generates an aberration phenomenon when modulating light rays, which introduces crosstalk between viewpoints, that is, light rays entering one eye enter the other eye, thereby causing a ghost phenomenon and blurring of an image, and further reducing the quality of three-dimensional stereoscopic display. In conventional autostereoscopic display systems, the diffused light from a pixel passes through its corresponding lens or slit to form the correct viewing zone. Since the backlight source emits light rays facing to various directions, a considerable part of light rays overflow into adjacent lenses to construct a viewpoint in the next display period, so that the final display effect is small in angle of one display period, and obvious content period jump is sensed when human eyes move left and right, and the viewing quality is affected.
The light source for emitting light used in the embodiment of the present invention is an oriented backlight source rather than a conventional scattering backlight source, because the oriented light is modulated by the liquid crystal panel 304 to obtain color information and then emitted (the liquid crystal panel 304 does not change the direction of the light), and when the light passes through the lenticular lens 102, the light is subjected to oriented deflection, thereby ensuring that the light falls into a designated viewpoint. And because the light emitted by the directional backlight source is directional, the light emitted by the directional backlight source only passes through the corresponding lens and forms a correct viewing area, so that a jump viewing area cannot be formed by passing through other lenses beside, and the viewing result cannot be influenced.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the directional backlight source is arranged, the emitted light only passes through the corresponding lens and forms the correct viewing area, so that the jump viewing area can not be formed by passing through other nearby lenses, the viewing result can not be influenced, and the problems of double images and fuzziness in the prior art are solved.
Based on the above embodiments, the directional backlight is any one of a parallel light source, a convergent light source, and a divergent light source.
Specifically, when the directional backlight is a collimated light source, the directional backlight emits directional collimated light. And when the directional backlight source is a convergent light source, the directional backlight source emits directional convergent light. When the directional backlight is a divergent light source, the directional backlight emits directionally divergent light.
Based on the above embodiment, the periodic structure of the lenticular lens 102 is perpendicular to the periodic structure of the slit grating 202.
Specifically, the plane formed by the periodic structure of the lenticular lens 102 and the periodic structure of the slit grating 202 perpendicular thereto is preferably perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
As a preferred embodiment, a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the periodic structure direction of the cylindrical lenticulation 102 as an X axis, the periodic structure direction of the slit grating 202 as a Y axis and the vertical direction as a Z axis. Based on the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of forming a viewpoint by directing light in the X-axis direction of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system established in the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 4, after the light passes through the cylindrical lenticulation 102, the light will form a viewpoint in the X-axis direction, i.e. a one-way parallax, and the X-axis view angle is determined by the refractive power of the lens.
The light passing through the lenticular lens 102 passes through the hologram functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202, and a field of view can be formed in the Y-axis, thereby achieving a full parallax effect.
It should be noted that the viewpoint in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a position where the parallax image is formed in space and can be correctly viewed. The hologram functional screen 303 is not diffused in the X-axis direction but diffused in the Y-axis direction.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the periodic structure of the cylindrical lenticulation is perpendicular to the periodic structure of the slit grating, so that full parallax viewing can be realized, namely, an observer can observe a three-dimensional effect when watching a desktop above the periphery of the three-dimensional light field display system.
Based on the above embodiment, the directional backlight 305 and the liquid crystal panel 304 are closely attached or there is a gap between the directional backlight 305 and the liquid crystal panel 304, and the backlight 305 and the liquid crystal panel 304 are parallel; the liquid crystal panel 304 and the lenticular lens grating 102 are closely attached or a gap is formed between the liquid crystal panel 304 and the lenticular lens grating 102, and the liquid crystal panel 304 and the lenticular lens grating 102 are parallel; the cylindrical lenticular grating 102 and the holographic functional screen 303 are tightly attached or a gap is formed between the cylindrical lenticular grating 102 and the holographic functional screen 303, and the cylindrical lenticular grating 102 and the holographic functional screen 303 are parallel; a gap is arranged between the holographic functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202, and the holographic functional screen 303 is parallel to the slit grating 202.
Specifically, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional light field display system with gaps marked therein according to an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 5, D1The first distance between the backlight 305 and the liquid crystal panel 304 is greater than or equal to 0. D2The second distance between the liquid crystal panel 304 and the lenticular lens sheet 102 is greater than or equal to 0. D3The third distance between the lenticular lens 102 and the hologram functional screen 303 is greater than or equal to 0. D4The fourth distance between the hologram functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202 is greater than 0.
In this embodiment, a fourth distance must be left between the holographic functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202, and the fourth distance must be greater than zero. By setting the magnitude of the fourth distance and the magnitude of the diffusion angle of the hologram functional screen 303, the magnitude of the viewing angle of the Y axis in the three-dimensional space rectangular coordinate system can be determined.
It should be noted that the diffusion angle in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a divergence angle of light rays in a horizontal or vertical direction after passing through the hologram functional screen 303.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fourth distance is set to be larger than zero, so that the size of the Y-axis visual angle can be set as required, and further the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for adaptively adjusting the final imaging height according to the height of a viewer.
Based on the above embodiments, the directional backlight is any one of a parallel light source, a convergent light source, and a divergent light source.
Specifically, when the directional backlight is a collimated light source, the directional backlight emits directional collimated light. And when the directional backlight source is a convergent light source, the directional backlight source emits directional convergent light. When the directional backlight is a divergent light source, the directional backlight emits directionally divergent light. Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of displaying an image by a three-dimensional display system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, including: a directional backlight emits light; the light loads color information through the liquid crystal panel 304 as light with color information; the light with color information passes through the lenticular lens 102 and becomes light with a viewpoint in the direction of the periodic structure of the lenticular lens 102; the light with the viewpoint in the direction of the periodic structure of the lenticular lens grating 102 passes through the holographic function screen 303, and is diffused in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the periodic structure of the lenticular lens grating 102 to become diffused light; the diffused light passes through the slit grating 202, and a viewpoint is formed in the direction of the periodic structure of the slit grating 202, thereby displaying an image.
The slit grating 202 has a periodic light-shielding property and a light-transmitting property.
Based on the above embodiments, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a three-dimensional light field display system of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the three-dimensional light field display system includes a backlight 305, a liquid crystal panel 304, a lenticular lens grating 102, a holographic functional screen 303, and a slit grating 202; the backlight 305 is configured to project light to the liquid crystal panel 304; the cylindrical lenticular grating 102, the liquid crystal panel 304, the holographic functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202 are arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of light; the cylindrical lenticulation 102 is used for providing a single parallax light field with a stereoscopic effect based on the light projected by the backlight 305; the liquid crystal panel 304 is used for modulating the single parallax light field; the holographic functional screen 303 is configured to disperse the modulated single-parallax light field, so that an observer can see the light field provided by the lenticular lens 102 from different angles; the slit grating 202 is used for providing a full parallax light field with a stereoscopic effect based on the diverged light field.
Specifically, the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention is a three-dimensional light field display system suitable for desktop type electronic sand table display.
Further, the lenticular lens 102 in the embodiment of the present invention is a lenticular lens array arranged in a precise period, and is generally used for realizing a naked-eye 3D function. The slit grating 202 in the embodiment of the present invention is a light-shielding and light-transmitting structure arranged in an accurate period, and is used for realizing a naked eye 3D function. The backlight 305 in the embodiment of the present invention is used to light up the display content loaded by the display device. The holographic functional screen 303 in the embodiment of the present invention is an optical film that is manufactured by speckle holography and has a specific angle expansion effect on incident light.
It should be noted that the holographic functional screen has the function of diffusing light, that is, light can be diffused softly and uniformly on the surface of the screen, and the diffusion angle is controllable.
It should be noted that, when the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied, an observer views an image in the three-dimensional light field display system, and a desktop of the three-dimensional light field display system displayed by the desktop electronic sand table is a plane where the slit grating 202 is located.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical lens grating is arranged to provide the single parallax light field with the stereoscopic effect, the holographic function screen divergence square and the slit grating is arranged to provide the full parallax light field with the stereoscopic effect, and the three cooperate with each other to realize full parallax viewing.
Based on the above embodiment, the backlight 305 is a directional backlight for projecting directional light to the liquid crystal panel.
It should be noted that, light rays emitted by the current autostereoscopic display backlight are directed in various directions, and the cylindrical lens array generates an aberration phenomenon when modulating light rays, which introduces crosstalk between viewpoints, that is, light rays entering one eye enter the other eye, thereby causing a ghost phenomenon and blurring of an image, and further reducing the quality of three-dimensional stereoscopic display. In conventional autostereoscopic display systems, the diffused light from a pixel passes through its corresponding lens or slit to form the correct viewing zone. Since the backlight source emits light rays facing to various directions, a considerable part of light rays overflow into adjacent lenses to construct a viewpoint in the next display period, so that the final display effect is small in angle of one display period, and obvious content period jump is sensed when human eyes move left and right, and the viewing quality is affected.
The light source for emitting light used in the embodiments of the present invention is a directional backlight source rather than a conventional scattering backlight source, because directional light rays are deflected when passing through the lenticular lens 102, which ensures that the light rays fall into a designated viewpoint. And because the light emitted by the directional backlight source is directional, the light emitted by the directional backlight source only passes through the corresponding lens and forms a correct viewing area, so that a jump viewing area cannot be formed by passing through other lenses beside, and the viewing result cannot be influenced.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the directional backlight source is arranged, the emitted light only passes through the corresponding lens and forms the correct viewing area, so that the jump viewing area can not be formed by passing through other nearby lenses, the viewing result can not be influenced, and the problems of double images and fuzziness in the prior art are solved.
Based on the above embodiment, the periodic structure of the lenticular lens 102 is perpendicular to the periodic structure of the slit grating 202.
Specifically, the plane formed by the periodic structure of the lenticular lens 102 and the periodic structure of the slit grating 202 perpendicular thereto is preferably perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
As a preferred embodiment, a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the periodic structure direction of the cylindrical lenticulation 102 as an X axis, the periodic structure direction of the slit grating 202 as a Y axis and the vertical direction as a Z axis. Based on the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of forming a viewpoint by directing light in the X-axis direction of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system established in the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 8, after the light passes through the lenticular lens grating 102, the light will form a viewpoint in the X-axis direction, i.e. a one-way parallax, and the X-axis view angle is determined by the refractive power of the lens.
The light passing through the lenticular lens grating passes through the liquid crystal panel, further passes through the holographic functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202, and can form a viewing field in the Y axis, so that a full parallax effect is achieved.
It should be noted that the viewpoint in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a position where the parallax image is formed in space and can be correctly viewed. The holographic function screen does not diffuse in the X-axis direction and diffuses in the Y-axis direction.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the periodic structure of the cylindrical lenticulation is perpendicular to the periodic structure of the slit grating, so that full parallax viewing can be realized, namely, an observer can observe a three-dimensional effect when watching a desktop above the periphery of the three-dimensional light field display system.
Based on the above embodiments, the directional backlight is any one of a parallel light source, a convergent light source, and a divergent light source.
Specifically, when the directional backlight is a collimated light source, the directional backlight emits directional collimated light. And when the directional backlight source is a convergent light source, the directional backlight source emits directional convergent light. When the directional backlight is a divergent light source, the directional backlight emits directionally divergent light.
Based on the above embodiment, the backlight source 305 and the lenticular lens 102 are closely attached or there is a gap between the backlight source 305 and the lenticular lens 102, and the backlight source 305 and the lenticular lens 102 are parallel; the lenticular lens grating 102 and the liquid crystal panel 304 are closely attached or a gap is formed between the lenticular lens grating 102 and the liquid crystal panel 304, and the lenticular lens grating 102 and the liquid crystal panel 304 are parallel; the liquid crystal panel 304 and the holographic functional screen 303 are closely attached or a gap is reserved between the liquid crystal panel 304 and the holographic functional screen 303, and the liquid crystal panel 304 and the holographic functional screen 303 are parallel; a gap is arranged between the holographic functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202, and the holographic functional screen 303 is parallel to the slit grating 202.
In particular, D5The fifth distance between the backlight 305 and the lenticular lens 102 is greater than or equal to 0. D6The sixth distance between the lenticular lens sheet 102 and the liquid crystal panel 304 is greater than or equal to 0. D7The seventh distance between the liquid crystal panel 304 and the hologram functional screen 303 is greater than or equal to 0. D8An eighth distance between the hologram functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202 is larger than 0.
In this embodiment, an eighth distance must be left between the holographic functional screen 303 and the slit grating 202, and the eighth distance must be greater than zero. By setting the magnitude of the eighth distance, and the magnitude of the diffusion angle of the hologram functional screen 303, the magnitude of the viewing angle of the Y axis in the three-dimensional space rectangular coordinate system can be decided finally.
It should be noted that the diffusion angle in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a divergence angle of light rays in a horizontal or vertical direction after passing through the hologram functional screen 303.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the size of the visual angle of the Y axis can be set as required by setting the eighth distance to be larger than zero, so that the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention can make adaptive adjustment on the final imaging height according to the height of a viewer.
Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of another three-dimensional display system for displaying images according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, including: a directional backlight emits light; the light passes through the lenticular lens 102 and becomes light having a viewpoint in the direction of the periodic structure of the lenticular lens 102; the light with the view point in the direction of the periodic structure of the lenticular lens 102 passes through the liquid crystal panel 304 to load color information, and becomes light with color information; the light with color information passes through the holographic functional screen 303 and is diffused in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the periodic structure of the cylindrical lenticular lens 102 to become diffused light; the diffused light passes through the slit grating 202, and a viewpoint is formed in the direction of the periodic structure of the slit grating 202, thereby displaying an image.
The slit grating 202 has a periodic light-shielding property and a light-transmitting property.
According to the three-dimensional light field display system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the directional backlight source is arranged, the emitted light only passes through the corresponding lens and forms the correct viewing area, so that the jump viewing area can not be formed by passing through other nearby lenses, the viewing result can not be influenced, and the problems of double images and fuzziness in the prior art are solved. Through setting up cylindrical lens grating, holographic function screen and slit grating, the three is worked in coordination each other, can realize that full parallax is watched.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A three-dimensional light field display system is characterized by comprising a backlight source, a liquid crystal panel, a cylindrical lens grating, a holographic functional screen and a slit grating;
the backlight source is used for projecting light rays to the liquid crystal panel;
the backlight source, the liquid crystal panel, the cylindrical lens grating, the holographic functional screen and the slit grating are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of light;
the liquid crystal panel is used for modulating the light projected by the backlight source;
the cylindrical lenticulation is used for providing a single parallax optical field with a three-dimensional effect based on the modulated light;
the holographic function screen is used for diffusing the light field provided by the cylindrical lens grating, so that an observer can see the light field provided by the cylindrical lens grating from different angles;
the slit grating is used for providing a full parallax light field with a three-dimensional effect based on the diverged light field;
the backlight source is an oriented backlight source which is used for projecting oriented light rays to the liquid crystal panel;
the periodic structure of the cylindrical lenticular grating is perpendicular to the periodic structure of the slit grating.
2. The display system of claim 1, wherein the directional backlight is any one of a parallel light source, a converging light source, and a diverging light source.
3. The display system according to claim 1, wherein the backlight source and the liquid crystal panel are closely attached or a gap is formed between the backlight source and the liquid crystal panel, and the backlight source and the liquid crystal panel are parallel;
the liquid crystal panel is tightly attached to the cylindrical lens grating or a gap is reserved between the liquid crystal panel and the cylindrical lens grating, and the liquid crystal panel is parallel to the cylindrical lens grating;
the cylindrical lens grating is tightly attached to the holographic functional screen or a gap is reserved between the cylindrical lens grating and the holographic functional screen, and the cylindrical lens grating is parallel to the holographic functional screen;
and a gap is reserved between the holographic function screen and the slit grating, and the holographic function screen is parallel to the slit grating.
4. A three-dimensional light field display system is characterized by comprising a backlight source, a liquid crystal panel, a cylindrical lens grating, a holographic functional screen and a slit grating;
the backlight source is used for projecting light rays to the liquid crystal panel;
the backlight source, the cylindrical lens grating, the liquid crystal panel, the holographic functional screen and the slit grating are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of light;
the cylindrical lenticulation is used for providing a single parallax light field with a stereoscopic effect based on the light projected by the backlight source;
the liquid crystal panel is used for modulating the single parallax light field;
the holographic function screen is used for diffusing the modulated single parallax light field, so that an observer can see the light field provided by the cylindrical lens grating from different angles;
the slit grating is used for providing a full parallax light field with a three-dimensional effect based on the diverged light field;
the backlight source is an oriented backlight source which is used for projecting oriented light rays to the liquid crystal panel;
the periodic structure of the cylindrical lenticular grating is perpendicular to the periodic structure of the slit grating.
5. The display system of claim 4, wherein the directional backlight is any one of a parallel light source, a converging light source, and a diverging light source.
6. The display system according to claim 4, wherein the backlight source and the lenticular lens are closely attached or a gap is formed between the backlight source and the lenticular lens, and the backlight source and the lenticular lens are parallel;
the cylindrical lens grating is tightly attached to the liquid crystal panel or a gap is reserved between the cylindrical lens grating and the liquid crystal panel, and the cylindrical lens grating is parallel to the liquid crystal panel;
the liquid crystal panel is tightly attached to the holographic function screen or a gap is reserved between the liquid crystal panel and the holographic function screen, and the liquid crystal panel is parallel to the holographic function screen;
and a gap is reserved between the holographic function screen and the slit grating, and the holographic function screen is parallel to the slit grating.
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| CN109283693B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2023-11-24 | 成都工业学院 | Light field stereoscopic display device based on light-emitting diode packaging unit |
| CN109683461B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-11-10 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | Hologram generation method and system based on light field rendering, storage medium and near-to-eye AR holographic three-dimensional display system |
| CN110286496B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2024-01-30 | 成都工业学院 | Stereoscopic display device based on front directional light source |
| CN110262051B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2023-12-29 | 成都工业学院 | Retroreflective stereoscopic display device based on directional light source |
| CN110646171B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for measuring parallelism of light source |
| CN111193921B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-30 | 吉林大学 | LED screen one-dimensional integrated imaging display method based on combined discrete grating |
| CN111198448B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-30 | 吉林大学 | One-dimensional integrated imaging display method based on special-shaped cylindrical lens grating |
| CN113703184B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2023-06-20 | 北京芯海视界三维科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of lens grating |
| CN113985623B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-06-02 | 北京邮电大学 | Three-dimensional light field display system for evenly distributing viewpoints |
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