CN108800186B - Flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system and automatic temperature adjustment control method thereof - Google Patents
Flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system and automatic temperature adjustment control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108800186B CN108800186B CN201810654508.1A CN201810654508A CN108800186B CN 108800186 B CN108800186 B CN 108800186B CN 201810654508 A CN201810654508 A CN 201810654508A CN 108800186 B CN108800186 B CN 108800186B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
- F23J2219/70—Condensing contaminants with coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
- F23J2900/15081—Reheating of flue gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system and a smoke temperature automatic adjustment control method thereof. The flue gas-water heat exchanger in the system can realize the recovery of high-quality flue gas heat, the flue gas cooler can be utilized to realize the recovery of medium-quality flue gas heat, the spray type heat exchanger can realize the secondary deep recovery of low-quality flue gas heat, meanwhile, the system can realize the adjustment of the temperature of the spray water inlet of the spray type heat exchanger by utilizing the electric heat pump according to real-time environmental conditions, and then the flue gas condensation temperature at the outlet of the spray type heat exchanger can be regulated, so that the adjustment of the flue gas temperature is realized, the flue gas temperature in the system can be changed along with the change of environmental conditions, and the real-time elimination of white smoke can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas waste heat recovery and white smoke elimination, in particular to a flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system and a temperature automatic adjustment control method thereof.
Background
The wet desulfurization accounts for more than 84% of the flue gas desulfurization devices of the existing production coal-fired thermal power units, the moisture content of the desulfurized flue gas is high (13-15%), the flue gas temperature is low (45-55 ℃), if the flue gas is not treated, the flue gas is rapidly cooled after being discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney, and meanwhile, all components in the flue gas are subjected to mass exchange with the atmosphere. When the temperature of the flue gas is lower than the dew point temperature corresponding to the partial pressure of the flue gas, the vapor in the flue gas is supersaturated and atomized into water drops, and the water drops are refracted and scattered under the irradiation of sunlight, so that the smoke plume is white or gray, and the phenomenon of white smoke is generated. White smoke produces certain visual pollution to the periphery, generates harm such as gypsum rain, chimney corrosion and the like, and simultaneously takes away a large amount of latent heat of vaporization.
On the other hand, flue gas waste heat utilization is one of the most effective ways to improve the thermal efficiency of boilers. The heat loss of the discharged smoke is the largest heat loss of the boiler, the smoke is finally discharged from the desulfurization inlet at the temperature of 130-200 ℃ by a wet desulfurization process at the temperature of about 50 ℃, a large amount of moisture and vaporization latent heat are consumed in the process, and the heat is finally discharged to the atmosphere along with the smoke, so that the energy is greatly wasted. Along with the continuous deep work of energy conservation and emission reduction of the country, the environmental protection standard is improved, the emission supervision is stricter, the emission standard of colored smoke plume and the moisture content of the smoke in each city is continuously brought out, and the treatment of the wet smoke plume of the chimney is becoming a trend.
The main technical routes of eliminating white smoke can be divided into four main categories: direct reheat technology, condensing technology, condensing+reheat technology, cooling tower fume exhausting technology, etc. The existing direct reheating white smoke eliminating technology comprises the following steps: the problems of 'lifting but not eliminating' white smoke, 'high quality and low use' energy and 'taking but not collecting' waste heat; the existing condensation white smoke eliminating technology comprises the following steps: 1) high energy consumption, additional driving heat source, 2) no reheat after condensation, high smoke lifting resistance, low lifting height, 3) insignificant effect of eliminating white smoke in winter and the like; the existing condensation and reheating white smoke elimination technology comprises the following steps: the energy source is high in quality and low in use, and the smoke exhaust temperature is relatively fixed; the existing technology for exhausting smoke and whitening smoke of the cooling tower comprises the following steps: only the phenomenon of wet smoke plume can be reduced, but the problems of effective elimination and the like can not be solved. How to realize the efficient recovery of the waste heat of the flue gas and the aging elimination of the white smoke is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system and a temperature automatic regulation control method thereof, wherein a smoke-water heat exchanger in the system can realize the recovery of high-quality smoke heat, a smoke cooler can be utilized to realize the heat recovery of medium-quality smoke, and a spray type heat exchanger can realize the secondary deep recovery of low-quality smoke heat. Meanwhile, the system can adjust the temperature of the spray water inlet of the spray heat exchanger by utilizing the electric heat pump according to real-time environmental conditions, and then can adjust the condensing temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the spray heat exchanger, so that the flue gas temperature is adjusted, the flue gas temperature in the system changes along with the change of the environmental conditions, and the white flue gas can be eliminated in real time.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system comprises a smoke-water heat exchanger, an absorption heat pump, a dust remover, an induced draft fan, a smoke cooler, a wet desulphurization device, a spray type heat exchanger, a smoke reheater, a chimney, an electric heating pump, a central control system and an environment monitoring system; the flue gas-water heat exchanger is used for absorbing heat of high-temperature flue gas for the first time, the dust remover is used for removing dust of the flue gas, a flue gas outlet of the induced draft fan, the flue gas cooler, the wet desulfurization device, the spray heat exchanger, the flue gas reheater and the chimney are connected in series through a flue, a hot water circulation pipeline is arranged between the flue gas-water heat exchanger and the absorption heat pump, a spray water circulation pipeline is arranged between the spray heat exchanger and the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump, a heat network water circulation pipeline is also arranged on the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump, and spray water waste heat recovered by the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump is used for heating heat network backwater;
the central control system can receive the spray water temperature value at the water inlet of the spray heat exchanger in real time, and can adjust the working mode of the electric heating pump in real time; the environment monitoring system is used for monitoring weather environment conditions of a place where the boiler is located and transmitting weather environment monitoring signals to the central control system.
Preferably, the flue gas cooler and the flue gas reheater are of an integrated structure, and heat absorbed in the flue gas cooler can be directly transferred to the flue gas reheater for utilization.
Further, the environment monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, wherein the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are both arranged on the outer side of the smoke outlet of the chimney, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the environment temperature of the smoke outlet of the chimney, and the humidity sensor is used for monitoring the environment humidity of the smoke outlet of the chimney.
Further, the heat supply network backwater heated by the absorption heat pump and the electric heating pump can be directly used as heat supply network water supply to supply heat to the outside.
Further, the heat supply network backwater heated by the absorption heat pump and the electric heating pump can enter the boiler to be heated continuously and then be used as heat supply network water for supplying heat to the outside.
Preferably, after the flue gas flows out from the tail flue of the boiler, the flue gas can sequentially pass through the flue gas-water heat exchanger and the dust remover and then enter the inlet end of the induced draft fan, or can sequentially pass through the dust remover and the flue gas-water heat exchanger and then enter the inlet end of the induced draft fan.
Further, heat source water flowing out of the spray heat exchanger can respectively flow through evaporators in the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump in a parallel manner through pipelines, cooled heat source water flows out of the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump and is mixed in a parallel manner through pipelines, and then returns to a spray water inlet of the spray heat exchanger; or the heat source water flowing out of the spray type heat exchanger can flow through the evaporator in the absorption heat pump through a pipeline, the heat source water flowing out of the absorption heat pump after primary cooling flows through the evaporator in the electric heat pump, and the heat source water flowing out of the electric heat pump after secondary cooling finally returns to the spray water inlet of the spray type heat exchanger.
The invention also provides a temperature automatic regulation control method of the smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a boiler to perform heat supply network water supply work;
s2, according to actual heat supply work requirements, utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas by a central control system, and enabling a white smoke removing system to enter a white smoke removing-based working mode or a heat supply increasing-based working mode;
s2.1, after the smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system enters a working mode based on white smoke elimination according to an instruction, the central control system receives an environment temperature T1 and environment humidity RH signal fed back by the environment monitoring system in real time, calculates a smoke condensation temperature T2 required by smoke after the smoke outlet of the spray type heat exchanger flows out and a spray water inlet temperature T3 required by the spray type heat exchanger according to the environment temperature T1 and the environment humidity RH signal, then, the central control system detects an inflow actual temperature T4 of a cold water source of the spray type heat exchanger, performs difference calculation of T4-T3, further, compares the value of T4-T3 with a temperature difference value delta T set in the central control system, when the value of T4-T3 is more than or equal to delta T, the central control system adjusts the working state of the electric heating pump, so that the electric heating pump is in the highest frequency working state, when the electric heating pump is in the highest frequency working state, the central control system detects the value of T4 in real time, compares the value of T4-T3 with the delta T3 in real time until the value of T4-T3 is less than the optimal working state of the electric heating pump, and the central control system can adjust the working state of the electric heating pump; when the electric heating pump is in the working state of the optimal energy efficiency ratio, the central control system still compares the sizes of T4 and T3 in real time, when the T4 and the T3 are not equal, the central control system continuously enables the electric heating pump to reenter the highest frequency working mode or enter the working mode of the optimal energy efficiency ratio according to the comparison result of the values of T4-T3 and delta T, and when the values of T4 and T3 are equal, the central control system enables the electric heating pump to stop working;
s2.2, when the flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system enters a working mode based on heat supply increase according to an instruction, the central control system obtains the heat supply demand Q1 of the heat supply network system, calculates the flue gas condensation temperature T5 required by the flue gas flowing out of a smoke outlet of the spray type heat exchanger and the spray water inlet temperature T6 required by the spray type heat exchanger according to the heat supply demand Q1, and then detects the inflow actual temperature T7 of a cold water source of the spray type heat exchanger and the actual extraction heat supply Q2 of the heat supply network system in real time; further, the central control system compares Q1 with Q2, when Q1 is more than or equal to Q2, the central control system regulates and controls the working mode of the electric heating pump to enable the electric heating pump to be in the highest frequency working mode, and when the electric heating pump is in the highest frequency working state, the central control system continues to detect the inflow actual temperature T7 of the cold water source of the spray type heat exchanger and the actual extraction heat supply quantity Q2 of the heat supply network system in real time until Q1 is smaller than Q2; when Q1 is smaller than Q2, the central control system regulates and controls the working mode of the electric heating pump to enable the electric heating pump to be in the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode, when the electric heating pump is in the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode, the central control system compares T7 with T6 in real time, when T7 is larger than T6, the central control system continues to compare Q1 with Q2 detected in real time, then according to a comparison result, the electric heating pump is enabled to work in the highest frequency working mode or the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode again, and when T7 is smaller than or equal to T6, the central control system enables the electric heating pump to stop working.
Preferably, the ΔT is greater than or equal to 5 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention utilizes advanced waste heat recycling, efficient heat transfer of heat pipes, absorption heat pumps, high-temperature electric heat pumps and other technologies to realize the heat gradient deep recycling and utilization of high-temperature flue gas of a boiler, and after the heat of the high-quality flue gas is subjected to heat exchange by a flue gas-water heat exchanger, the heat absorbed by the high-quality flue gas is used as a driving heat source of the absorption heat pump, so that the first gradient utilization of the heat of the flue gas is realized; the medium-quality flue gas heat discharged from the flue gas-water heat exchanger is directly transmitted to the flue gas reheater to heat the flue gas condensed by the spray water heat exchanger after being absorbed by the flue gas cooler, so that the second gradient utilization of the flue gas heat is realized, and compared with the traditional reheating technology, the second gradient utilization mode of the heat has the characteristic of small heat exchange temperature difference, so that the corresponding irreversible loss is also smaller; after low-quality flue gas heat discharged from the flue gas cooler is recovered by spray water through a spray heat exchanger, the spray water after temperature rising is used as a cold source of an absorption heat pump, and then third gradient utilization of the flue gas heat is realized, and the condensation process of the flue gas is completed in the spray heat exchange process. The first gradient and the third gradient of the heat of the flue gas are utilized, and the obtained energy is used for increasing the heat supply, so that the heat supply capacity can be improved by 7% -12%; the spraying and cooling process of the flue gas can eliminate the discharge of gypsum slurry and SO3 in 90% of the flue gas, and has a certain secondary removal effect on pollutants such as NOx, dust and the like.
The central control system can realize the working mode based on white smoke elimination or the working mode based on heat supply increment according to the actual heat supply requirement, after the working mode based on white smoke elimination is entered, the central control system can realize the adjustment of the condensed water inlet temperature of the spray type heat exchanger by utilizing an electric heat pump according to the real-time environment condition, and then can realize the adjustment of the smoke condensation temperature at the outlet of the spray type heat exchanger, so as to realize the adjustment of the smoke exhaust temperature, and the smoke exhaust temperature in the system changes along with the change of the environment condition, thereby realizing the real-time elimination of white smoke. After entering a working mode based on increasing heat supply quantity, the central control system can regulate and control the working frequency of the electric heating pump according to the heat supply requirement of the heat supply network, so that the real-time intelligent balance of the heat actually extracted by the heat supply network and the heat required by the heat supply is realized, and the full utilization of waste heat is realized; the white smoke is thoroughly eliminated and the energy is utilized in a gradient way, so that the system has the double zero emission function of energy and pollutants, and the system realizes real energy conservation, emission reduction and clean heating.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are some preferred embodiments of the invention and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a structural frame diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural frame diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural frame diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural frame diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the present invention for implementing automatic temperature regulation control;
in the figure: 1 boiler, 2 flue gas-water heat exchanger, 3 dust remover, 4 draught fan, 5 flue gas cooler, 6 wet flue gas desulfurization device, 7 spray heat exchanger, 8 flue gas reheater, 9 chimney, 10 absorption heat pump, 11 electric heat pump, 12 heat supply network or boiler, 101 flue, 102 hot water circulation pipeline, 103 spray water circulation pipeline, 104 heat supply network water circulation pipeline.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments and fig. 1-2, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore the invention is not to be limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The invention provides a flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system (shown in figure 1), which comprises a flue gas-water heat exchanger 2, an absorption heat pump 10, a dust remover 3, a draught fan 4, a flue gas cooler 5, a wet desulphurization device 6, a spray type heat exchanger 7, a flue gas reheater 8, a chimney 9, an electric heat pump 11, a central control system and an environment monitoring system; the flue gas-water heat exchanger 2 is used for absorbing heat of high-temperature flue gas for the first time, the dust remover 3 is used for removing dust of the flue gas, the flue gas flows out from a tail flue of the boiler 1 and then enters an inlet end of the induced draft fan 4 after passing through the flue gas-water heat exchanger 2 and the dust remover 3 in sequence, or enters an inlet end of the induced draft fan 4 after passing through the dust remover 3 and the flue gas-water heat exchanger 2 in sequence, in the specific embodiment, the flue gas is selected to be firstly removed by the dust remover 3 and then enters the flue gas-water heat exchanger 2 and then enters the induced draft fan 4, a flue gas outlet of the induced draft fan 4, the flue gas cooler 5, the wet desulfurization device 6, the spray type heat exchanger 7, the flue gas reheater 8 and the chimney 9 are connected in series through the flue 101 in sequence, a hot water circulation pipeline 102 is arranged between the flue gas-water heat exchanger 2 and the absorption heat pump 10, the flue gas-water heat exchanger 2 can cool the tail flue gas of the boiler 1 to about 110 ℃ from above 150 ℃, the high-quality heat absorbed by the flue gas-water heat exchanger 2 is transferred to the absorption heat pump 10 through the hot water circulation pipeline 102, the absorption heat pump 10 is used for supplying heat after absorbing the heat, thereby realizing the first gradient utilization of the flue gas heat, the flue gas cooler 5 is used for cooling the flue gas and directly transferring the absorbed heat to the flue gas reheater 8, the flue gas reheater 8 is used for heating the treated clean flue gas discharged to the chimney 9, thereby realizing the second gradient utilization of the flue gas heat, in the specific embodiment, the flue gas cooler 5 and the flue gas reheater 8 can be of an integrated structure, the heat absorbed by the flue gas cooler 5 is transferred to the flue gas reheater 8 through a plurality of heat pipes, a spray water circulation pipeline 103 is arranged between the spray heat exchanger 7 and the absorption heat pump 10 and the electric heat pump 11, specifically, hot water flowing out of the spray heat exchanger 7 can respectively enter the evaporator sides in the absorption heat pump 10 and the electric heat pump 11 in a parallel manner through pipelines, cooled hot water flows out of the absorption heat pump 10 and the electric heat pump 11 and then is mixed in a parallel manner through the pipelines and then returns to the spray water inlet of the spray heat exchanger 7, or hot water flowing out of the spray heat exchanger 7 can firstly flow through the evaporator side in the absorption heat pump 10 through the pipelines, primary cooled hot water flowing out of the absorption heat pump 10 flows through the evaporator side in the electric heat pump 11, and secondary cooled hot water flows out of the electric heat pump 11 and finally returns to the spray water inlet of the spray heat exchanger 7. In this embodiment, the spray water flows through the evaporator side in the absorption heat pump 10 through the pipeline, and the spray water after the primary cooling flowing out of the absorption heat pump 10 enters the evaporator side in the electric heat pump 11, and the spray water after the secondary cooling flows out of the electric heat pump 11 and finally enters the spray heat exchanger 7 for implementation. The absorption heat pump 10 and the electric heat pump 11 are further provided with a heat supply network water circulation pipeline 104, and spray water heat absorbed by the absorption heat pump 10 and the electric heat pump 11 is used for heating heat supply network backwater, in this specific embodiment, the heat supply network backwater heated by the absorption heat pump 10 and the electric heat pump 11 can be directly used as heat supply network water for external heat supply, and can also enter the boiler 1 for external heat supply after being continuously heated as heat supply network water supply.
The central control system is used for controlling and adjusting the working mode of the whole system, the central control system can receive the actual temperature value of the spray water at the water inlet of the spray heat exchanger 7 in real time, and the central control system can adjust the working mode of the electric heat pump 11 in real time; the environment monitoring system is used for monitoring weather environmental conditions of the place where the boiler 1 is located and transmitting weather environmental monitoring signals to the central control system, in this specific embodiment, the environment monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, both the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged outside a smoke outlet of the chimney 9, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the environmental temperature where the smoke outlet of the chimney is located, and the humidity sensor is used for monitoring the environmental humidity where the smoke outlet of the chimney is located.
The invention also provides a temperature automatic regulation control method of the smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a boiler 1 to perform heat supply network water supply work;
s2, according to actual heat supply work requirements, utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas by a central control system, and enabling a white smoke removing system to enter a white smoke removing-based working mode or a heat supply increasing-based working mode;
s2.1, after the flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system enters a working mode based on white smoke elimination according to an instruction, the central control system receives an environmental temperature T1 and an environmental humidity RH signal fed back by the environmental monitoring system in real time, calculates a flue gas condensation temperature T2 required by flue gas flowing out of a smoke outlet of the spray type heat exchanger 7 and a spray water inlet temperature T3 required by the spray type heat exchanger 7 according to the environmental temperature T1 and the environmental humidity RH signal, then, the central control system detects an inflow actual temperature T4 of a cold water source of the spray type heat exchanger and performs difference calculation of T4-T3, and further, the central control system compares a value of T4-T3 with a temperature difference value DeltaT (DeltaT is more than or equal to 5 ℃ and in the specific embodiment, deltaT can be set to be 5 ℃) set in the central control system: when the value of T4-T3 is more than or equal to delta T, the central control system adjusts the working state of the electric heat pump 11 so that the electric heat pump 11 is in the highest frequency working state (the electric heat pump 11 works and absorbs heat of spray water, and then the temperature of the spray water flowing out of the electric heat pump 11 is reduced), when the electric heat pump 11 is in the highest frequency working state, the central control system detects the value of T4 in real time and compares the value of T4-T3 with delta T in real time until the value of T4-T3 is less than delta T, and when the value of T4-T3 is less than delta T, the central control system adjusts the working state of the electric heat pump 11 so that the electric heat pump 11 is in the optimal energy efficiency ratio working state; when the electric heat pump 11 is in the working state of the optimal energy efficiency ratio, the central control system still compares the sizes of the T4 and the T3 in real time, when the T4 and the T3 are not equal, the central control system continues to make the electric heat pump 11 reenter the highest frequency working mode or enter the working mode of the optimal energy efficiency ratio according to the comparison result of the values of the T4-T3 and the delta T, and when the T4 and the T3 are equal, the central control system makes the electric heat pump 11 stop working. The principle of realizing real-time white smoke elimination by the steps is as follows: the occurrence of white smoke is determined by the temperature and moisture content of the smoke and the environmental temperature and the environmental humidity of the chimney 9, after knowing the environmental temperature and the environmental humidity of the chimney 9, the white smoke can be eliminated by heating the smoke.
S2.2, when the flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system enters a working mode based on heat supply increase according to an instruction, the central control system obtains the heat supply demand Q1 of the heat supply network system, calculates the flue gas condensation temperature T5 required by the flue gas flowing out of a smoke outlet of the spray type heat exchanger 7 and the spray water inlet temperature T6 required by the spray type heat exchanger 7 according to the heat supply demand Q1, and then detects the inflow actual temperature T7 of a cold water source of the spray type heat exchanger and the actual extraction heat supply quantity Q2 of the heat supply network system in real time; further, the central control system compares Q1 with Q2, when Q1 is greater than or equal to Q2, the central control system regulates the working mode of the electric heat pump 11, so that the electric heat pump 11 is in the highest frequency working mode, and the electric heat pump 11 provides more heat to the heat supply network system, when the electric heat pump 11 is in the highest frequency working state, the central control system continues to detect the inflow actual temperature T7 of the cold water source of the spray heat exchanger and the actual extraction heat supply quantity Q2 of the heat supply network system in real time until Q1 is smaller than Q2; when Q1 is smaller than Q2, the central control system regulates the working mode of the electric heat pump 11 to enable the electric heat pump 11 to be in the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode, when the electric heat pump 11 is in the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode, the central control system compares T7 with T6 in real time, when T7 is larger than T6, the central control system continues to compare Q1 with Q2 detected in real time, then according to a comparison result, the electric heat pump 11 is enabled to reenter the highest frequency working mode or work in the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode, and when T7 is smaller than or equal to T6, the central control system enables the electric heat pump 11 to stop working.
Other than the technical features described in the specification, all are known to those skilled in the art.
While the preferred embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is also defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system is characterized by comprising a flue gas-water heat exchanger, an absorption heat pump, a dust remover, an induced draft fan, a flue gas cooler, a wet desulfurization device, a spray type heat exchanger, a flue gas reheater, a chimney, an electric heating pump, a central control system and an environment monitoring system; the flue gas-water heat exchanger is used for absorbing heat of high-temperature flue gas for the first time, the dust remover is used for removing dust of the flue gas, a flue gas outlet of the induced draft fan, the flue gas cooler, the wet desulfurization device, the spray heat exchanger, the flue gas reheater and the chimney are connected in series through a flue, a hot water circulation pipeline is arranged between the flue gas-water heat exchanger and the absorption heat pump, a spray water circulation pipeline is arranged between the spray heat exchanger and the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump, a heat network water circulation pipeline is also arranged on the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump, and spray water waste heat recovered by the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump is used for heating heat network backwater;
the central control system can receive the spray water temperature value at the water inlet of the spray heat exchanger in real time, and can adjust the working mode of the electric heating pump in real time; the environment monitoring system is used for monitoring weather environment conditions of a place where the boiler is located and transmitting weather environment monitoring signals to the central control system;
the flue gas cooler and the flue gas reheater are of an integrated structure, and heat absorbed in the flue gas cooler can be directly transferred to the flue gas reheater for utilization;
the environment monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, wherein the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged outside a smoke outlet of the chimney, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the environment temperature of the smoke outlet of the chimney, and the humidity sensor is used for monitoring the environment humidity of the smoke outlet of the chimney;
after flowing out from the tail flue of the boiler, the flue gas can sequentially pass through the flue gas-water heat exchanger and the dust remover and then enter the inlet end of the induced draft fan, or can sequentially pass through the dust remover and the flue gas-water heat exchanger and then enter the inlet end of the induced draft fan.
2. The smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system according to claim 1, wherein the heat supply network backwater heated by the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump can be directly used as heat supply network water for external heat supply.
3. The smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system according to claim 1, wherein the heat supply network backwater heated by the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump can enter the boiler to be heated continuously and then be used as the heat supply network water for external heat supply.
4. The smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system according to claim 1, wherein heat source water flowing out of the spray type heat exchanger can respectively flow through evaporators in the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump in a parallel manner through pipelines, and cooled heat source water flows out of the absorption heat pump and the electric heat pump, is mixed in a parallel manner through pipelines, and then returns to a spray water inlet of the spray type heat exchanger; or the heat source water flowing out of the spray type heat exchanger can flow through the evaporator in the absorption heat pump through a pipeline, the heat source water flowing out of the absorption heat pump after primary cooling flows through the evaporator in the electric heat pump, and the heat source water flowing out of the electric heat pump after secondary cooling finally returns to the spray water inlet of the spray type heat exchanger.
5. A method for automatically adjusting and controlling the temperature of a smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
s1, starting a boiler to perform heat supply network water supply work;
s2, according to actual heat supply work requirements, utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas by a central control system, and enabling a white smoke removing system to enter a white smoke removing-based working mode or a heat supply increasing-based working mode;
s2.1, after the smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system enters a working mode based on white smoke elimination according to an instruction, the central control system receives an environment temperature T1 and environment humidity RH signal fed back by the environment monitoring system in real time, calculates a smoke condensation temperature T2 required by smoke after the smoke outlet of the spray type heat exchanger flows out and a spray water inlet temperature T3 required by the spray type heat exchanger according to the environment temperature T1 and the environment humidity RH signal, then, the central control system detects an inflow actual temperature T4 of a cold water source of the spray type heat exchanger, performs difference calculation of T4-T3, further, compares the value of T4-T3 with a temperature difference value delta T set in the central control system, when the value of T4-T3 is more than or equal to delta T, the central control system adjusts the working state of the electric heating pump, so that the electric heating pump is in the highest frequency working state, when the electric heating pump is in the highest frequency working state, the central control system detects the value of T4 in real time, compares the value of T4-T3 with the delta T3 in real time until the value of T4-T3 is less than the optimal working state of the electric heating pump, and the central control system can adjust the working state of the electric heating pump; when the electric heating pump is in the working state of the optimal energy efficiency ratio, the central control system still compares the sizes of T4 and T3 in real time, when the T4 and the T3 are not equal, the central control system continuously enables the electric heating pump to reenter the highest frequency working mode or enter the working mode of the optimal energy efficiency ratio according to the comparison result of the values of T4-T3 and delta T, and when the values of T4 and T3 are equal, the central control system enables the electric heating pump to stop working;
s2.2, when the flue gas waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system enters a working mode based on heat supply increase according to an instruction, the central control system obtains the heat supply demand Q1 of the heat supply network system, calculates the flue gas condensation temperature T5 required by the flue gas flowing out of a smoke outlet of the spray type heat exchanger and the spray water inlet temperature T6 required by the spray type heat exchanger according to the heat supply demand Q1, and then detects the inflow actual temperature T7 of a cold water source of the spray type heat exchanger and the actual extraction heat supply Q2 of the heat supply network system in real time; further, the central control system compares Q1 with Q2, when Q1 is more than or equal to Q2, the central control system regulates and controls the working mode of the electric heating pump to enable the electric heating pump to be in the highest frequency working mode, and when the electric heating pump is in the highest frequency working state, the central control system continues to detect the inflow actual temperature T7 of the cold water source of the spray type heat exchanger and the actual extraction heat supply quantity Q2 of the heat supply network system in real time until Q1 is smaller than Q2; when Q1 is smaller than Q2, the central control system regulates and controls the working mode of the electric heating pump to enable the electric heating pump to be in the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode, when the electric heating pump is in the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode, the central control system compares T7 with T6 in real time, when T7 is larger than T6, the central control system continues to compare Q1 with Q2 detected in real time, then according to a comparison result, the electric heating pump is enabled to work in the highest frequency working mode or the optimal energy efficiency ratio working mode again, and when T7 is smaller than or equal to T6, the central control system enables the electric heating pump to stop working.
6. The automatic temperature regulation and control method for a smoke waste heat utilization and white smoke elimination system according to claim 5, wherein the delta T is more than or equal to 5 ℃.
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| CN109343623A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-15 | 上海超高环保科技股份有限公司 | White intelligent control method is taken off for flue gas |
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| CN110186101A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-08-30 | 中能服能源科技股份有限公司 | It is a kind of with flue gas disappear white effect electric heating pump waste heat recycle heating system |
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| CN110848723A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-28 | 广东申菱环境系统股份有限公司 | Flue gas white elimination system and method |
| CN114135890B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-09-12 | 北京运江科技有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment system for flue gas and control method thereof |
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