Fume afterheat utilization, eliminating white smoke system and its temperature automatic adjustment control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to flue gas waste heat recovery and eliminating white smoke technical fields more particularly to a kind of fume afterheat to utilize, it is white to disappear
Cigarette system and its temperature automatic adjustment control method.
Background technology
Wet desulphurization accounts for having gone into operation 84% or more of fossil-fired unit flue gas desulfurization device, and the flue gas after desulfurization contains
Moisture is higher (13~15%), and smoke temperature is relatively low (45~55 DEG C), if being not processed to this, after flue gas is discharged into air by chimney, and quilt
It is rapid cooling, while each component in flue gas carries out mass exchange with air.When the temperature of flue gas is less than corresponding to its partial pressure
When dew-point temperature, vapor generates supersaturation and is atomized into water droplet in flue gas, and water droplet generates refraction, dissipates under irradiation by sunlight
It penetrates, so that plume is showed white or grey, to generate white cigarette phenomenon.White cigarette generates periphery certain visual pollution, production
The harm such as gypsum rain and chimney corrosion, while also having taken away a large amount of latent heat of vaporization.
On the other hand, it is to improve boiler thermal efficiency one of the most effective ways that fume afterheat, which utilizes,.Heat loss due to exhaust gas is pot
The maximum heat loss of stove, flue gas are finally discharged by 50 DEG C or so by 130~200 DEG C of desulfurization entrance through wet desulfurizing process, this
One process consumes large quantity of moisture and the latent heat of vaporization, these heats are finally directly discharged in air with flue gas, greatly waste
The energy.As country deepens continuously to energy-saving and emission-reduction work, environmental protection standard has been continuously improved, and discharge supervision is more stringent,
Prefectures and cities put into effect successively for the discharge standard of coloured plume and humidity of flue gas, and the improvement of the wet plume of chimney has become the general trend of events
Become.
Eliminating white smoke main technological route can be divided into four major class:Directly again thermal technology, condensation technology, the thermal technology of condensation+again,
The technologies such as cooling tower smoke evacuation.Existing direct reheating eliminating white smoke technology exists:White cigarette " lift without disappearing ", the energy " high-quality low use " and
Waste heat " takes without receiving " problem;Existing condensation eliminating white smoke technology exists:1) driving heat source that energy consumption is big, need are additional, 2) condensation
Afterwards without reheating, plume rise resistance is big, and rising height is low, 3) the problems such as winter eliminating white smoke effect unobvious;Existing condensation+again
Hot eliminating white smoke technology exists:The defects of high-quality low use of the energy and relatively more fixed exhaust gas temperature;Existing cooling tower smoke evacuation eliminating white smoke
Technology exists:" wet plume " phenomenon can only be mitigated, but the problems such as effectively eliminating cannot be reached.How fume afterheat efficient is realized
The elimination of the timeliness of recycling and white cigarette is a urgent problem to be solved.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of utilization of fume afterheat, eliminating white smoke system and its temperature automatic adjustment controlling parties
Method, the gas-water heat exchanger in the system can realize the recycling to high-quality flue gas heat, can be realized pair using gas cooler
The heat recovery of middle quality flue gas, spray-type heat exchanger can realize the recycling of depth again to low-quality flue gas heat.Meanwhile being
System can be realized using electric heating pump and spray-type heat exchanger shower water inlet temperature is adjusted, then according to real-time environmental conditions
It can be achieved that the flue gas condensing temperature in spray-type heat exchanger exit is adjusted, to realize the adjusting to exhaust gas temperature, be
Exhaust gas temperature changes with changes in environmental conditions in system, to realize the real-time elimination of white cigarette.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is that:A kind of fume afterheat utilizes, eliminating white smoke system, packet
Include gas-water heat exchanger, absorption heat pump, deduster, air-introduced machine, gas cooler, wet desulphurization device, fountain heat exchange
Device, smoke re-heater, chimney, electric heating pump, central control system and environmental monitoring system;The gas-water heat exchanger is for just
The secondary heat for absorbing high-temperature flue gas, deduster are used for the dedusting of flue gas, the outlet flue of the air-introduced machine, gas cooler, wet method
Desulfurizer, spray-type heat exchanger, smoke re-heater and chimney pass sequentially through flue and are serially connected, and are changed in the gas-water
Hot water circulating pipeline is set between hot device and absorption heat pump, in the spray-type heat exchanger and the absorption heat pump and electric heating
It is provided with spray water circulation pipe between pump, heat supply network water circulation pipe, institute are additionally provided on the absorption heat pump and electric heating pump
The shower water waste heat of absorption heat pump and electric heating pump recycling is stated for heating heat supply network return water;
The central control system can spray-type heat exchanger described in real-time reception water inlet shower water temperature value, and
Central control system can adjust the working method of electric heating pump in real time;The environmental monitoring system is for monitoring place residing for boiler
Weather environment condition, and weather environment monitoring signals can be passed to central control system.
Preferably, the gas cooler and smoke re-heater are an integral structure, the systemic heat of gas cooler
Smoke re-heater can be directly passed to be utilized.
Further, the environmental monitoring system includes temperature sensor and humidity sensor, the temperature sensor and
Humidity sensor is arranged on the outside of the outlet flue of chimney, and temperature sensor is used to monitor the environment temperature residing for outlet of chimney
Degree, humidity sensor are used to monitor the ambient humidity residing for outlet of chimney.
Further, the heat supply network return water after the absorption heat pump and electric heating pump heating can supply water directly as heat supply network
Carry out external heat supply.
Further, the heat supply network return water after the absorption heat pump and electric heating pump heating can enter boiler and continue quilt
It supplies water as heat supply network after heating and carries out external heat supply.
Preferably, flue gas can pass through gas-water heat exchanger successively and deduster is laggard after the outflow of the back-end ductwork of boiler
Enter to air-introduced machine arrival end, or air-introduced machine arrival end can be entered after deduster and gas-water heat exchanger successively.
Further, the heat source water of spray-type heat exchanger outflow can flow separately through absorption type heat by pipeline with parallel way
Evaporator in pump and electric heating pump, heat source water after cooling is after absorption heat pump and electric heating pump outflow by pipeline with parallel connection side
After formula mixing, spray-type heat exchanger spray water inlet is again returned to;Or the heat source water of spray-type heat exchanger outflow can pass through pipe
Road first flows through evaporator in absorption heat pump, and the heat source water after the first cooling flowed out from absorption heat pump passes through in electric heating pump
Evaporator, the heat source water after reducing temperature twice are finally returned to spray-type heat exchanger after electric heating pump outflow and spray water inlet.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned fume afterheats to utilize, the temperature automatic adjustment control method of eliminating white smoke system,
Include the following steps:
S1, starting trouble carry out heat supply network water supply work;
S2, according to practical heat supply job requirement, by central control system realize fume afterheat utilization, eliminating white smoke system into
Enter the operating mode based on eliminating white smoke or the operating mode based on increase heating load;
S2.1 is instructed when fume afterheat utilization, eliminating white smoke system foundation after entering the operating mode based on eliminating white smoke, in
The environment temperature T1 and ambient humidity RH signals of control system real-time reception environmental monitoring system feedback are entreated, and according to environment temperature
T1 and ambient humidity RH signals calculate flue gas flue gas condensing temperature T2 required after the outlet flue outflow of spray-type heat exchanger
And the shower water inlet temperature T3 needed for spray-type heat exchanger, then, central control system detects spray-type heat exchanger cold water source
Inflow actual temperature T4, and carry out T4-T3 makes the difference calculating, and further, central control system is by the value of T4-T3 with center
The temperature difference Δ T set in control system is compared, when the value of T4-T3 is more than or equal to Δ T, central control system adjustment electricity
Heat pump working condition so that electric heating pump is in highest frequency working condition, when electric heating pump is in highest frequency working condition, in
Centre control system detects the value of T4 in real time, and in real time by the value of T4-T3 with Δ T compared with, until the value of T4-T3 is less than Δ T, when
After the value of T4-T3 is less than Δ T, central control system adjusts electric heating pump working condition so that electric heating pump is in best Energy Efficiency Ratio work
Make state;When electric heating pump is in best Energy Efficiency Ratio working condition, central control system still compares the size of T4 and T3 in real time, when
When T4 and T3 are unequal, central control system continues according to the comparison result of the value and Δ T of T4-T3 so that electric heating pump again into
Enter highest frequency operating mode or enter best Energy Efficiency Ratio operating mode, when T4 is equal with T3 values, central control system makes
Electric heating pump is obtained to be stopped;
S2.2 is entered when fume afterheat utilization, eliminating white smoke system foundation instruction when being based on increasing heating load operating mode,
Central control system obtains the heat demand amount Q1 of heat network system, and central control system calculates smoke according to heat demand amount Q1
Shower water needed for gas flue gas condensing temperature T5 and spray-type heat exchanger required after the outlet flue outflow of spray-type heat exchanger
Inlet temperature T6, then, central control system detect the inflow actual temperature T7 and heat supply network of spray-type heat exchanger cold water source in real time
The actual extracting heating load Q2 of system;Further, Q1 is compared by central control system with Q2, when Q1 is more than or equal to Q2
When, central control system regulates and controls the operating mode of electric heating pump, so that electric heating pump is in highest frequency operating mode, is in electric heating pump
When highest frequency working condition, central control system continues the inflow actual temperature T7 of detection spray-type heat exchanger cold water source in real time
With the actual extracting heating load Q2 of heat network system, until Q1 be less than Q2;When Q1 is less than Q2, central control system regulates and controls electric heating pump
Operating mode makes electric heating pump be in best Energy Efficiency Ratio operating mode, when electric heating pump is in best Energy Efficiency Ratio operating mode, center
T7 and T6 are compared by control system in real time, and when T7 is more than T6 temperature, central control system continues Q1 and detection in real time
To Q2 be compared, then according to comparison result so that electric heating pump reenters highest frequency operating mode or most Canon
Effect under operating mode than working, and when T7 is less than or equal to T6 temperature, central control system makes electric heating pump be stopped.
Preferably, Δ T >=5 DEG C.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention utilizes advanced heat recovery, hot tube high-efficiency heat transfer, absorption type heat
The technologies such as pump, high-temperature electric heat pump realize the heat gradient depth recycling of high temperature flue-gas from boiler and utilize, high-quality flue gas heat
After being exchanged heat by gas-water heat exchanger, the heat drawn is used as absorption heat pump driving heat source, then realizes flue gas heat
First gradient utilize;After the middle quality flue gas heat being discharged from gas-water heat exchanger is absorbed by gas cooler, directly pass
Smoke re-heater is passed to heat the spray condensed flue gas of water- to-water heat exchanger, to realize the second gradient profit of flue gas heat
With, compared with tradition again thermal technology, heat the second gradient Land use systems in the present invention have the characteristics that heat transfer temperature difference is small, to
Corresponding irreversible loss is also smaller;The low-quality flue gas heat being discharged out of gas cooler is sprayed by spray-type heat exchanger
After water drenching recycling, the shower water after heating is used as the low-temperature receiver of absorption heat pump, then realizes that the 3rd gradient of flue gas heat utilizes,
Spray heat transfer process is completed at the same time the condensation process of flue gas.The first gradient and 3rd gradient of flue gas heat utilize process, are obtained
Heat capacity 7%~12% can be improved for increasing heat supply in the energy taken;The spraying cooling process of flue gas can remove smoke
90% gypsum slurries, SO3 discharges, have the pollutants such as NOx and dust certain secondary removal effect.
Central control system in the present invention can realize that the present invention enters the work based on eliminating white smoke according to practical heating demand
Operation mode or based on increase heating load operating mode, enter based on the operating mode of eliminating white smoke after, central control system,
It can be realized using electric heating pump and spray-type heat exchanger condensing water inlet temperature is adjusted, then according to real-time environmental conditions
It can be achieved that the flue gas condensing temperature in spray-type heat exchanger exit is adjusted, to realize the adjusting to exhaust gas temperature, be
Exhaust gas temperature changes with changes in environmental conditions in system, and to realize the real-time elimination of white cigarette, this mode is relative to existing white
Cigarette discharges, by such environmental effects, in the presence of and when having white cigarette without white cigarette the problem of, or for general eliminating white smoke skill
Art, exhaust gas temperature is relatively fixed, and when environment temperature is higher, exhaust gas temperature remains unchanged higher, and cause that the energy substantially wastes asks
Topic has the meaning that is significantly improved;After entering based on the operating mode for increasing heating load, central control system can be according to heat supply network
Heat demand regulates and controls the working frequency of electric heating pump, realizes that heat supply network actual extracting heat and the real-time intelligent of heat demand heat are flat
Weighing apparatus, to realize making full use of for waste heat;The thorough of white cigarette is eliminated and the gradient of energy utilizes so that this system have the energy and
Dual " zero-emission " function of pollutant, then so that this system realizes real energy-saving and emission-reduction and cleaning heats.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Part preferred embodiment for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the first specific embodiment structural framing figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is second of specific embodiment structural framing figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the third specific embodiment structural framing figure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of specific embodiment structural framing figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that the present invention realizes temperature automatic adjustment control;
In figure:1 boiler, 2 gas-water heat exchangers, 3 dedusters, 4 air-introduced machines, 5 gas coolers, 6 wet desulphurization devices, 7
Spray-type heat exchanger, 8 smoke re-heaters, 9 chimneys, 10 absorption heat pumps, 11 electric heating pumps, 12 heat supply networks or boiler, 101 flues, 102
Hot water circulating pipeline, 103 spray water circulation pipes, 104 heat supply network water circulation pipes.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and attached drawing 1-2, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of preferred embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Those skilled in the art can do similar deformation without violating the connotation of the present invention, therefore the present invention is not by described below
Specific embodiment limitation.
The present invention provides a kind of fume afterheats to utilize, eliminating white smoke system (as shown in Figure 1), including gas-water heat exchanger
2, absorption heat pump 10, deduster 3, air-introduced machine 4, gas cooler 5, wet desulphurization device 6, spray-type heat exchanger 7, flue gas be again
Hot device 8, chimney 9, electric heating pump 11, central control system and environmental monitoring system;The gas-water heat exchanger 2 for inhaling for the first time
The heat of high-temperature flue gas is received, deduster 3 is used for the dedusting of flue gas, and flue gas can pass through successively after the outflow of the back-end ductwork of boiler 1
4 arrival end of air-introduced machine is entered after gas-water heat exchanger 2 and deduster 3, or can be changed successively by deduster 4 and gas-water
It enters 4 arrival end of air-introduced machine after hot device 2, in this specific embodiment, is then entered back into after selecting flue gas to first pass through 4 dedusting of deduster
It into gas-water heat exchanger 2, then enters back into air-introduced machine 4, the outlet flue of the air-introduced machine 4, gas cooler 5, wet method
Desulfurizer 6, spray-type heat exchanger 7, smoke re-heater 8 and chimney 9 pass sequentially through flue 101 and are serially connected, in the cigarette
Hot water circulating pipeline 102 is set between air-water heat exchanger 2 and absorption heat pump 10, and gas-water heat exchanger 2 can be by 1 tail portion of boiler
Flue gas is cooled to 110 DEG C or so by 150 DEG C or more, and the high-quality heat that gas-water heat exchanger 2 absorbs passes through hot water circulating pipeline
102 pass to absorption heat pump 10, after absorption heat pump 10 absorbs heat, heat supply are used for, to realize the first of flue gas heat
Gradient utilizes, and gas cooler 5 is used for cooled flue gas, and the heat of absorption is directly passed to smoke re-heater 8, flue gas reheat
Device 8 is for heating to the discharge of chimney 9 treated neat stress, to realize that the second gradient of flue gas heat utilizes, in this tool
In body embodiment, gas cooler 5 and smoke re-heater 8 can be an integral structure, and the heat that gas cooler 5 absorbs passes through number
Root heat pipe passes to smoke re-heater 8, is set between the spray-type heat exchanger 7 and the absorption heat pump 10 and electric heating pump 11
It is equipped with spray water circulation pipe 103, specifically, the hot water that spray-type heat exchanger 7 flows out can be distinguished by pipeline with parallel way
The vaporizer side in absorption heat pump 10 and electric heating pump 11 is entered, the heat source water after cooling is from absorption heat pump 10 and electric heating pump
After being mixed with parallel way by pipeline after 11 outflows, again returns to the spray water inlet of spray-type heat exchanger 7 or fountain changes
The heat source water that hot device 7 flows out can first flow through vaporizer side in absorption heat pump 10 by pipeline, be flowed out from absorption heat pump 10
Heat source water after first cooling passes through vaporizer side in electric heating pump 11, the outflow out of electric heating pump 11 of the heat source water after reducing temperature twice
After be finally returned to spray-type heat exchanger 7 spray water inlet.In this embodiment, shower water selection first passes through pipeline and flows through
Vaporizer side in absorption heat pump 10, the shower water after the first cooling flowed out from absorption heat pump 10 are entered back into electric heating pump 11
Interior vaporizer side, the shower water after reducing temperature twice enter eventually into following in spray-type heat exchanger 7 out of electric heating pump 11 after outflow
Ring mode goes to implement.Heat supply network water circulation pipe 104 is additionally provided on the absorption heat pump 10 and electric heating pump 11, it is described absorption
The shower water heat that heat pump 10 and electric heating pump 11 absorb in this embodiment, passes through hot net water for heating heat supply network return water
Circulation line 104, the heat supply network return water after being heated by absorption heat pump 10 and electric heating pump 11 can supply water directly as heat supply network carry out pair
Outer heat supply can also pass through after the continuation of boiler 1 is heated and carry out external heat supply as heat supply network water supply.
Central control system is used to control and adjust the working method of whole system, and the central control system can connect in real time
The shower water actual temperature value of the water inlet of the spray-type heat exchanger 7 is received, and central control system can adjust electric heating in real time
The working method of pump 11;The environmental monitoring system is used to monitor the weather environment condition in place residing for boiler 1, and can be by weather
Environmental monitoring signal passes to central control system, in this embodiment, environmental monitoring system include temperature sensor and
Humidity sensor, the temperature sensor and humidity sensor are arranged on the outside of the outlet flue of chimney 5, and temperature sensor is used for
The environment temperature residing for outlet of chimney is monitored, humidity sensor is used to monitor the ambient humidity residing for outlet of chimney.
The present invention also provides a kind of fume afterheats to utilize, the temperature automatic adjustment control method of eliminating white smoke system, including
Following steps:
S1, starting trouble 1 carry out heat supply network water supply work;
S2, according to practical heat supply job requirement, by central control system realize fume afterheat utilization, eliminating white smoke system into
Enter the operating mode based on eliminating white smoke or the operating mode based on increase heating load;
S2.1 is instructed when fume afterheat utilization, eliminating white smoke system foundation after entering the operating mode based on eliminating white smoke, in
The environment temperature T1 and ambient humidity RH signals of control system real-time reception environmental monitoring system feedback are entreated, and according to environment temperature
T1 and ambient humidity RH signals calculate flue gas flue gas condensing temperature required after the outlet flue outflow of spray-type heat exchanger 7
Shower water inlet temperature T3 needed for T2 and spray-type heat exchanger 7, then, central control system detect spray-type heat exchanger cold water
The inflow actual temperature T4 in source, and carry out T4-T3 makes the difference calculating, further, central control system is by the value of T4-T3 in
The temperature difference Δ T (Δ T can be set as 5 DEG C by Δ T >=5 DEG C in this embodiment) set in the control system of centre compares
Compared with:When the value of T4-T3 is more than or equal to Δ T, central control system adjusts 11 working condition of electric heating pump so that electric heating pump 11 is in
(electric heating pump 11 works highest frequency working condition, can absorb the heat of shower water, then so that the spray flowed out from electric heating pump 11
Coolant-temperature gage reduces), when electric heating pump 11 is in highest frequency working condition, central control system detects the value of T4 in real time, and real
When by the value of T4-T3 compared with Δ T, until T4-T3 value be less than Δ T, when T4-T3 value be less than Δ T after, central control system
Adjust 11 working condition of electric heating pump so that electric heating pump 11 is in best Energy Efficiency Ratio working condition;When electric heating pump 11 is in most Canon
When effect is than working condition, central control system still compares the size of T4 and T3 in real time, when T4 and T3 are unequal, center control system
System continue according to T4-T3 value and Δ T comparison result so that electric heating pump 11 reenter highest frequency operating mode or into
Enter best Energy Efficiency Ratio operating mode, when T4 is equal with T3 values, central control system makes electric heating pump 11 be stopped.Above-mentioned step
Suddenly realize that the principle of real-time eliminating white smoke is:The appearance of white cigarette is by the environment temperature residing for the temperature of flue gas, water capacity and chimney 9
Degree, ambient humidity determine, after the environment temperature and ambient humidity for learning chimney 9, by being heated to flue gas, it can be achieved that
Eliminating white smoke, in the present system, flue gas are to first pass through spray heat exchanger to carry out dehumidification by condensation, reduce humidity of flue gas, then pass through
What smoke re-heater 8 was heated, the heat temperature raising value of flue gas is determined substantially, determines the decision of flue gas temperature rise effect in this way
Factor is then transferred to flue gas from the flue gas condensing temperature factor after the outflow of spray-type heat exchanger 7, in spray-type heat exchanger 7,
The condensation temperature of flue gas smoke determines by the shower water inlet temperature of spray-type heat exchanger 7, thus the decision of flue gas temperature rise effect because
Element is transferred in shower water inlet temperature factor again, and in the present invention, the shower water of spray-type heat exchanger entrance is from electric heating
11 outflow of pump, the working method of electric heating pump 11 can directly affect outflow temperature of the shower water in it, such flue gas heating effect
The determinant of fruit is eventually transferred on the live load of electric heating pump 11, and the live load of electric heating pump 11 can be by center control
Flexibly control then achievees the purpose that real-time eliminating white smoke to system so as to realize the real-time control of flue gas heating according to environmental factor.
S2.2 is entered when fume afterheat utilization, eliminating white smoke system foundation instruction when being based on increasing heating load operating mode,
Central control system obtains the heat demand amount Q1 of heat network system, and central control system calculates smoke according to heat demand amount Q1
Spray needed for gas flue gas condensing temperature T5 and spray-type heat exchanger 7 required after the outlet flue outflow of spray-type heat exchanger 7
Water inlet temperature T6, then, central control system detect the inflow actual temperature T7 and heat of spray-type heat exchanger cold water source in real time
The actual extracting heating load Q2 of net system;Further, Q1 is compared by central control system with Q2, when Q1 is more than or equal to Q2
When, central control system regulates and controls the operating mode of electric heating pump 11, so that electric heating pump 11 is in highest frequency operating mode, so as to electric heating
Pump 11 provides more heats into heat network system, when electric heating pump 11 is in highest frequency working condition, central control system
Continue the actual extracting heating load Q2 of the inflow actual temperature T7 and heat network system of detection spray-type heat exchanger cold water source in real time, directly
It is less than Q2 to Q1;When Q1 is less than Q2, central control system regulates and controls 11 operating mode of electric heating pump, and electric heating pump 11 is made to be in most Canon
Effect is than operating mode, and when electric heating pump 11 is in best Energy Efficiency Ratio operating mode, central control system in real time carries out T7 and T6
Compare, when T7 be more than T6 temperature when, central control system continues Q1 being compared with the Q2 detected in real time, then foundation than
Relatively result so that electric heating pump 11 is reentered under highest frequency operating mode or best Energy Efficiency Ratio operating mode and worked, and works as T7
When less than or equal to T6 temperature, central control system makes electric heating pump 11 be stopped.
It is the known technology of those skilled in the art in addition to the technical characteristic described in specification.
The above combination attached drawing is described above in detail the preferred embodiment of the present invention and embodiment, but the present invention is not
The above-described embodiment and examples are confined to, for those skilled in the art, are not departing from structure of the present invention
Under the premise of think of, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.