CN108799197B - Fan blade structure, air conditioner and method for detecting fan blade structure - Google Patents

Fan blade structure, air conditioner and method for detecting fan blade structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108799197B
CN108799197B CN201810550374.9A CN201810550374A CN108799197B CN 108799197 B CN108799197 B CN 108799197B CN 201810550374 A CN201810550374 A CN 201810550374A CN 108799197 B CN108799197 B CN 108799197B
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China
Prior art keywords
fan blade
blade structure
shaft hole
hub
spoke
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CN201810550374.9A
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CN108799197A (en
Inventor
李源
李俊睿
胡婉
翁卫军
王云飞
陈慈申
陈双城
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Zhuhai Gree Precision Mold Co Ltd
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Zhuhai Gree Precision Mold Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810550374.9A priority Critical patent/CN108799197B/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/30Vanes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a fan blade structure, an air conditioner and a method for detecting the fan blade structure. The fan blade structure includes: a hub; the wheel spoke is connected with the wheel hub, and wheel hub and wheel spoke are through setting up the runner casting shaping in spoke one side, and the runner is three. The fan blade structure is molded by casting through the three pouring gates arranged on one side of the spoke, so that the strength of the fan blade structure can be effectively improved, the reliability of the fan blade structure is improved, and the service life of the fan blade structure is prolonged.

Description

Fan blade structure, air conditioner and method for detecting fan blade structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioner equipment, in particular to a fan blade structure, an air conditioner and a method for detecting the fan blade structure.
Background
The centrifugal fan blade is widely applied to the field of ventilation equipment, and the main structure of the centrifugal fan blade comprises a blade, a guide ring and a hub. The centrifugal wind blade rotates at a high speed and mainly bears the effects of centrifugal force and air resistance, and when the bearing force of the wind blade is too large, the wind blade can crack at a weak position. The existing fan blade is generally provided with a pouring gate on the outer side of the hub, the arrangement mode can meet filling requirements for materials with good fluidity, and glass fiber-containing flame retardant materials with poor fluidity, such as ABS- (GF 10+ FR), can shrink and underfill phenomena at the shaft hole, so that the fan blade cannot pass a high-speed rotation test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a fan blade structure, an air conditioner and a method for detecting the fan blade structure, so as to solve the problem of low strength of the fan blade structure in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fan blade structure, including: a hub; the wheel spoke is connected with the wheel hub, and wheel hub and wheel spoke are through setting up the runner casting shaping in spoke one side, and the runner is three.
Further, the middle part of spoke is provided with the shaft hole, and three runner sets up along the periphery interval in shaft hole.
Further, the included angle of the connecting line from the geometric center of two adjacent pouring gates to the hole center of the shaft hole is 120 degrees.
Further, at least one gate of the three gates has a diameter of 2mm.
Further, the fan blade structure further includes: the first ends of the blades are connected with the hub, the second ends of the blades are arranged away from the hub along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the hub, the blades are multiple, and the blades are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hub to form a ring shape; the guide ring is annular, and the second ends of the plurality of blades are connected with the guide ring.
Further, the distance from the geometric center of the gate to the tooth shape of the blade is L, wherein L1 is more than or equal to 40mm.
Further, the distance from the gate to the shaft hole of the spoke is L2, and the distance from the gate to the guide ring is L3, wherein L2/l3=1:3.
Further, l2=15mm, l3=45 mm.
Further, the connection part of the guide ring and the blades is provided with a reinforcing rib.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner including a fan blade structure, wherein the fan blade structure is the above-mentioned fan blade structure.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a fan blade structure, the method being used for detecting the fan blade structure, the method comprising the steps of: leading the fan blade structure model into a static mechanical module simulation system; applying fixing constraint to the shaft hole of the fan blade structure to simulate the fixing effect of the bolt to the shaft hole; and applying a rotating load on the outer surface of the shaft hole so as to simulate the fan blade structure to rotate at a high speed and find out the maximum stress position of the fan blade structure so as to re-optimize the structure at the maximum stress position.
Further, when the fixing constraint is applied to the shaft hole of the fan blade structure, the fixing constraint can be applied to the inner wall of the shaft hole, or the fixing constraint can be applied to the inner wall and the bottom of the shaft hole at the same time.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the fan blade structure is molded by casting through the three pouring gates arranged on one side of the spoke, so that the strength of the fan blade structure can be effectively improved, the reliability of the fan blade structure is improved, and the service life of the fan blade structure is prolonged.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a first view of an embodiment of a fan blade structure according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a second view angle of an embodiment of a fan blade structure according to the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a third view of an embodiment of a fan blade structure according to the present invention.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. A hub;
20. A spoke; 21. a shaft hole;
30. A blade;
40. a guide ring;
50. Reinforcing ribs.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims and drawings of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface on … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Exemplary embodiments according to the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, that in the drawings, it is possible to enlarge the thicknesses of layers and regions for clarity, and that identical reference numerals are used to designate identical devices, and thus descriptions thereof will be omitted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a fan blade structure is provided.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the fan blade structure includes a hub 10 and spokes 20. The spoke 20 is connected with the hub 10, and the hub 10 and the spoke 20 are molded by casting through three pouring gates arranged on one side of the spoke 20.
In this embodiment, the fan blade structure is molded by casting through three gates arranged on one side of the spoke 20, so that the strength of the fan blade structure can be effectively improved, the reliability of the fan blade structure is improved, and the service life of the fan blade structure is prolonged. As shown in fig. 1, the spoke 20 has an annular structure, the spoke 20 is connected with the hub 10 and extends along a radial direction of the hub 10 to form a plate structure, and the spoke 20 is provided with a through hole.
Wherein, the middle part of spoke 20 is provided with shaft hole 21, and three runner are arranged at intervals along the periphery of shaft hole 21. The performance of this fan blade structure can effectively be improved in this setting.
Further, the included angle of the connecting line from the geometric center of the adjacent two gates to the hole center of the shaft hole 21 is 120 °. This arrangement can make the flow of material during casting more uniform.
Preferably, at least one of the three gates has a diameter of 2mm.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the fan blade structure further includes a blade 30. The first ends of the blades 30 are connected to the hub 10, the second ends of the blades 30 are disposed away from the hub 10 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the hub 10, the plurality of blades 30 are disposed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the hub 10 to form a ring shape. Wherein the distance from the geometric center of the gate to the tooth shape of the blade 30 is L, and L1 is more than or equal to 40mm. The performance of the fan blade structure can be effectively improved through the arrangement.
The fan blade structure further comprises a guide ring 40. The guide ring 40 is annular, and the second ends of the plurality of blades 30 are connected with the guide ring 40. The distance from the gate to the axial bore 21 of the spoke 20 is L2, and the distance from the gate to the deflector ring 40 is L3, where L2/l3=1:3. The arrangement can avoid shrinkage and discontent of the shaft hole in the casting process. Preferably l2=15mm, l3=45 mm.
In order to improve the performance of the fan blade structure, a reinforcing rib 50 is arranged at the connection part of the guide ring 40 and the fan blade 30.
The fan blade structure in the above embodiment may also be used in the technical field of air conditioner devices, that is, according to another aspect of the present invention, an air conditioner is provided, which includes the fan blade structure, where the fan blade structure is the fan blade structure in the above embodiment.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a fan blade structure, the method being used for detecting the fan blade structure, the method comprising the steps of: the fan blade structure model is led into a static mechanical module simulation system, fixing constraint is applied to the shaft hole 21 of the fan blade structure to simulate the fixing effect of a bolt on the shaft hole 21, a rotating load is applied to the outer surface of the shaft hole 21, the fan blade structure is simulated to rotate at a high speed, and the maximum stress position of the fan blade structure is found out to re-optimize the structure at the maximum stress position. Further, when the fixing constraint is applied to the shaft hole 21 of the fan blade structure, the fixing constraint may be applied to the inner wall of the shaft hole 21, or the fixing constraint may be applied to both the inner wall and the bottom of the shaft hole 21.
In particular, the pouring process of the original fan blade structure is characterized in that 6 pouring gates are uniformly arranged on the outer side of a hub, the pouring gates are far away from a middle shaft hole, so that the pressure maintaining is difficult, shrinkage and discontent process defects appear at the shaft hole, and in the application, 3 pouring gates are arranged on the inner side of the fan blade hub, namely on spokes, so that the distance from the center shaft hole is close, the pressure maintaining can be effectively carried out on the shaft hole, the shrinkage and discontent process defects do not appear at the shaft hole, the quantity of pouring gates is reduced, and the cost of a hot runner is saved.
The original method for detecting whether the high-speed rotation of the fan blade produced by different casting processes is a manual field experiment, the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, has excessive interference factors and inaccurate results because of different people, and the method utilizes ANSYS WorkBench statics modules to set the same rotation speed of the high-speed rotation experiment on the fan blade model and simulate the actual high-speed rotation experiment.
In the embodiment, 3 pouring gates are arranged on the inner side of the fan blade hub and are close to the central shaft hole, so that pressure maintaining is facilitated, the shaft hole can be effectively guaranteed to be fully filled, and the reliability of the process is verified through a simulation means and used as an index for evaluating whether the fan blade structure rotates at a high speed. The number of the pouring gates is 3, and the pouring gates are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the blade hub and distributed at an included angle of 120 degrees.
In the prior art, a specific rotating speed of a motor can be set to drive a rotating shaft to operate, a fan blade structure is fixed on the rotating shaft through bolts and rotates along with the rotating shaft to detect whether the strength of the fan blade structure is qualified or not.
A static module is adopted to simulate a high-speed rotation experiment of the fan blade structure, a fixed constraint applied to the hole wall is adopted to simulate the fixing effect of the bolt on the shaft hole, the fan blade structure is simulated to rotate by taking the center of the shaft hole as the shaft through increasing the rotation constraint of the fan blade structure, and the rotation speed can be set to any value.
The application is mainly aimed at the following problems existing in the existing fan blade process and detection method, and solves the problems by the method:
The 6 pouring gates of the existing centrifugal fan blade process are arranged on the outer side of the hub, the flowing distance is basically consistent with the distance between the guide ring and the central shaft hole, for general fan blade materials, due to good fluidity, the material flow in the pouring gate arrangement mode can synchronously flow to the guide ring and the central shaft hole, the phenomenon of shrinkage and discontent of the central shaft hole can not occur, however, for materials with poor fluidity, such as ABS- (GF 10+ FR), glass fiber and flame retardant are added into the materials, the fluidity of the materials is greatly reduced, and the material thickness at the position of the central shaft hole is thicker than that of other places, so that the position is harder to fill, and for general fan blade materials, the pouring gate arrangement mode is provided with a certain distance from the position of the shaft hole, which is unfavorable for pressure maintaining, such as forced pressure maintaining, the phenomenon of sticking the blades is difficult to take pieces.
The existing centrifugal fan blade detection adopts a manual mode, so that the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, human factor interference exists, and the result is not necessarily accurate. In the high-speed rotation experiment of the fan blade, because the rotation speed is very fast, if the position of the first crack cannot be observed by eyes or instruments, the structure of the position of the first crack of the fan blade cannot be reinforced, blind reinforcement is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the effect is poor.
In order to solve the problems, the specific implementation modes are as follows:
the method is characterized in that 6 pouring gates on the outer side of a hub are changed into 3 pouring gates on the inner side, the diameter of an original pouring gate is 1.8mm, the original pouring gate is changed into 2.0mm, the thickness of a fan blade hub material and the thickness of a shaft hole material are required to be kept consistent, a front die is connected with a 60-DEG C die temperature, and a welding line cannot be arranged at the position of a central shaft hole.
For the fan blade-like structure, when the material with poor fluidity is adopted for injection molding, in order to ensure that the central shaft hole is filled firstly, the pouring gates are required to be arranged on the inner ring of the fan blade hub and are uniformly distributed, the pouring gates form an included angle of 120 degrees, the pouring gate distance from the tooth shape of the fan blade is ensured to be more than or equal to 40mm, the flowing distance from the material to the central shaft hole is 15mm, the arrival time is about 0.2 seconds, the flowing distance from the material to the guide ring is 45mm, and the arrival time is about 1.3 seconds, so that the flowing distance ratio of the material to the central shaft hole to the guide ring is 1:3, the material is filled in the central shaft hole firstly, and the shrinkage and the unfilled condition of the shaft hole are avoided.
The fan blade gate with the structure needs to discharge glue at the same time, and a needle point hot runner is needed, and a needle valve hot runner cannot be used. The hot runner needs to be balanced, so that the glue outlet balance of each hot nozzle is ensured, and otherwise, the dynamic balance test is not passed. The fan blade added with the flame retardant can not be used as a hot runner and can only be used as a cold runner in order to avoid carbonization.
A simulation mode is adopted to simulate a high-speed rotation experiment of the fan blade structure, and the specific scheme is as follows:
All operations are conducted under an ANSYS Workbench statics module, a fan blade model is led into software, fixing constraint is applied to the inner side of a shaft hole, the fixing effect of a bolt on the shaft hole is simulated, a rotary load is applied to the outer surface of the shaft hole, and the high-speed rotation speed is simulated.
Through simulation test, the maximum stress of the original model of the fan blade structure is 66MPa, the maximum stress is close to the ultimate tensile strength of materials, the actual experiment original model is unqualified in high-speed rotation cracking, and the maximum stress position is at the joint of the fan blade and the guide ring, so that the position is the weakest position of the whole fan blade, and the position is subjected to targeted structural optimization so as to pass a high-speed rotation experiment.
The optimization scheme is as follows:
The two optimized fan blade models are imported into software for simulation test, and the obtained simulation results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 simulation results of blade structures
The fan blade of the second optimization scheme smoothly passes through a high-speed rotation experiment, the maximum stress value of the fan blade is 51.6MPa and 73.7% of the ultimate tensile strength, and the maximum stress of the initial model and the maximum stress of the fan blade of the first optimization scheme are 94.3% and 88.4% of the ultimate tensile strength respectively.
Therefore, for the fan blade with the structure, high-speed rotation simulation is carried out, the maximum stress obtained by simulation cannot exceed 75% of the tensile strength of the material, and if the maximum stress exceeds 75%, the product structure is changed to increase the strength of the product, such as the height and the thickness of the guide ring are increased, and the ribs and the thickness of the product are increased at the joint of the guide ring and the teeth. The ultimate tensile strength of the fan blade material ABS- (GF 10+ FR) is 70MPa, and the rotating speed set by a high-speed rotation experiment is 4200RPM. The runner that fan blade structure sets up 3 and is located the spoke, and the diameter is 2mm, and fan blade structure size of similar structure can be different, and in order to guarantee same effect of moulding plastics, the runner should set up on the spoke equally, and need confirm required runner quantity and diameter size according to the size of fan blade and advance the gluey pressure requirement, therefore, the fan blade of this kind of structure of different size adopts the poor glass fiber flame retardant material that contains of mobility to mould plastics, and runner quantity and diameter size can be different, but the position must be guaranteed on the spoke, and the material flows to the flow distance ratio of central shaft hole and water conservancy diversion circle and need guarantee to be 1:3.
For the high-speed rotation simulation of the fan blade structure, fixed restraint Support can be applied to one side of the inner side of the shaft hole, friction-free restraint Frictionless Support can be applied to two adjacent sides of the inner side of the shaft hole, which form an included angle of 90 degrees, and the final effect is to simulate the fixing effect of the bolt on the shaft hole.
In addition to the foregoing, references in the specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," etc., indicate that the particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application, as generally described. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic be implemented within the scope of the application.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fan blade structure which characterized in that includes:
a hub (10);
The wheel spoke (20), the wheel spoke (20) is connected with the wheel hub (10), a shaft hole (21) is formed in the middle of the wheel spoke (20), the wheel hub (10) and the wheel spoke (20) are molded through pouring gates arranged on one side of the wheel spoke (20), and the number of the pouring gates is three;
A blade (30);
A deflector ring (40);
wherein, the connection part of the guide ring (40) and the blade (30) is provided with a reinforcing rib (50);
The distance from the pouring gate to the shaft hole (21) of the spoke (20) is L2, and the distance from the pouring gate to the guide ring (40) is L3, wherein L2/L3=1:3.
2. Fan blade structure according to claim 1, characterized in that three gates are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference of the shaft hole (21).
3. Fan blade structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle of the connection line between the geometric center of two adjacent gates and the hole center of the shaft hole (21) is 120 °.
4. The fan blade structure according to claim 2, wherein a diameter of at least one of the three gates is 2mm.
5. The fan blade structure according to claim 1, wherein,
The first ends of the blades (30) are connected with the hub (10), the second ends of the blades (30) are arranged away from the hub (10) along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the hub (10), the blades (30) are a plurality of, and the blades (30) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hub (10) to form a ring shape;
the guide ring (40) is annular, and second ends of the blades (30) are connected with the guide ring (40).
6. The fan blade structure according to claim 5, wherein the distance from the geometric center of the gate to the tooth form of the blade (30) is L, wherein L1 is equal to or greater than 40mm.
7. The fan blade structure according to claim 1, wherein l2=15mm, l3=45 mm.
8. An air conditioner comprising a fan blade structure, characterized in that the fan blade structure is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A method of detecting a fan blade structure according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
the fan blade structure model is led into a static mechanical module simulation system;
applying fixing constraint to the shaft hole (21) of the fan blade structure to simulate the fixing effect of the bolt on the shaft hole (21);
And applying a rotating load on the outer surface of the shaft hole (21) so as to simulate the fan blade structure to rotate at a high speed and find out the maximum stress position of the fan blade structure so as to re-optimize the structure at the maximum stress position.
10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that when a fixing constraint is applied to the shaft hole (21) of the fan blade structure, a fixing constraint can be applied to the inner wall of the shaft hole (21) or a fixing constraint can be applied to both the inner wall and the bottom of the shaft hole (21).
CN201810550374.9A 2018-05-31 2018-05-31 Fan blade structure, air conditioner and method for detecting fan blade structure Active CN108799197B (en)

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