CN108796221A - A kind of silver mud method of smelting - Google Patents
A kind of silver mud method of smelting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108796221A CN108796221A CN201710300827.8A CN201710300827A CN108796221A CN 108796221 A CN108796221 A CN 108796221A CN 201710300827 A CN201710300827 A CN 201710300827A CN 108796221 A CN108796221 A CN 108796221A
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- silver
- smelting
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- calcium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The present invention relates to metal recovery technical fields, and in particular to a kind of silver mud method of smelting, the silver mud method of smelting include：Calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud are mixed into melting.A kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting of the present invention, has following superiority：(1), by calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud mixed smelting, the smelting recovery of silver can be made to reach 100%；(2), after being mixed into calcium carbonate, the duration of heat of silver-colored mud shortens more than half, greatly saves the energy, improves operating efficiency；(3), after being mixed into calcium carbonate, the discharge of dust and pernicious gas is significantly reduced, operating environment is improved, and one of occupational disease protective barrier is provided for operator；(4), selected auxiliary material calcium carbonate is cheap, will not increase new cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal recovery technical fields, and in particular to a kind of silver mud method of smelting.
Background technology
Silver is recycled from Oily wastewater, finishing operation all be unable to do without the melting of silver-colored mud.In existing silver mud fusion process, usually
Smoke event can be encountered, and smolders and lasts long, cigarette does not go out totally, and silver-colored quality is not achieved 99.9%.But cigarette goes out totally
Although the purity of the silver of recycling is higher, the total weight of the silver of recycling is less, i.e. silver-colored loss is larger.It is silver-colored in silver-colored mud melting
Big problem is lost, those skilled in the art can not solve always, moreover, in industry, for generating the original of this problem
Cause, there has been no exact reports.
Invention content
First, inventor has carried out above-mentioned problem Producing reason deep analysis and research.Detailed process is as follows：Hair
A person of good sense will appear the dust of white it is initially noted that after silver-colored mud melting on the ground around smelting furnace, these are white
The dust of color, which collects, to melt down, it is found that the dust of these whites can't volatilize again, after measured, finds the ash of these whites
Dirt is in fact exactly the silver of high-purity, and the dust of these whites that can be collected into is one to volatilize in silver-colored mud fusion process
Point, the dust of also some whites can not be collected due to the excessively dispersion of volatilization, in the dust for these whites that can not be collected into
High-purity silver also just lost.In view of silver point is 961 DEG C, boiling point is 2212 DEG C, and the melting temperature of smelting furnace
Ranging from 1000 DEG C -1500 DEG C of degree, therefore, silver can not possibly be volatilized into the dust of above-mentioned white, and should be：Silver-colored first and other objects
Qualitative response generates one kind and easily waving object, and this object of easily waving can volatilize under smelting temperature or when close to smelting temperature, and after volatilizing,
Reduction reaction can occur during dispersion and generate the silver of high-purity, occur obtained substance after reduction reaction i.e. described in it is white
The dust of color.
Secondly, experiment of the inventor by series, and in primary accidental experiment, in accordance with the present invention it has now surprisingly been found that, fall accidentally
Enter the total weight that a small amount of lime stone in silver-colored mud but unexpectedly improves recycling silver, inventor's constantly experiment then, to confirm the thing
It is real, it is found that calcium carbonate is added in fusion process, the effect for improving the silver-colored total weight of recycling can be played really.
Finally, it is found in conjunction with above 2 points of further analyses, it is 825 DEG C to vulcanize silver point present in silver-colored mud, vulcanization
During smelting furnace is from room temperature, such as at 500 DEG C or less following reaction occurs for silver：
Ag2S+2O2→Ag2SO4
The sulfuric acid silver point of generation is 652 DEG C, and boiling point is 1085 DEG C, and reaction of decomposing at 1085 DEG C, works as smelting
When stove is warming up to 652 DEG C or more, such as 652 DEG C -1085 DEG C, particularly, temperature is not close to 1085 DEG C but when reaching 1085 DEG C also,
Part of sulfuric acid silver starts to volatilize, and the silver sulfate of volatilization rises and smelting furnace of blowing out, during the rising, the temperature of silver sulfate
It continues to rise to more than 1085 DEG C, following reaction occurs for silver sulfate at this time：
2Ag2SO4→4Ag+2SO3↑+O2↑
The silver powder of generation floats towards surrounding with the flowing of sulfur trioxide gas and oxygen, forms the white described in introductory song
Dust causes silver-colored loss.
And after adding calcium carbonate (or lime stone), reach 1085 DEG C when smelting furnace temperature, controls the heating speed of smelting furnace
Degree, making it, quickly (1 minute) is warming up to 1100 DEG C, so that following react occurs：
2Ag2SO4+2CaCO3→4Ag+2CaS+2CO2↑+5O2↑
In addition, there is also following reactions：
2Ag2S+2CaCO3→4Ag+2CaS+2CO2↑+O2↑
The fusing point of the calcium sulfide of generation is 2400 DEG C, and the calcium sulfide of generation floats on the liquid surface of melting, can't be with
Carbon dioxide gas and oxygen escape smelting furnace, thus, be not in the smoke event occurred when not adding calcium carbonate.It is based on
This, the present invention provides a kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting, solves the problems, such as that silver loss existing in the prior art is big, realizes and improve silver-colored mud
The purpose of smelting recovery.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：A kind of silver mud method of smelting, this method include：It will
Calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud mix melting.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud is 1:(1-3).
Preferably, the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud is 1:1.5.
Or it is preferred, the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud is 1:2.
Or it is preferred, the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud is 1:2.5.
Preferably, described that calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud are mixed melting and specifically included：
Mixed processes：By calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud by weight 1:(1-3) is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture；
Smelting procedure：By mixed material heating to 1200 DEG C -1400 DEG C, at least 10 minutes are kept the temperature, silver ingot is obtained.
It is furthermore preferred that in the smelting procedure：1250 DEG C -1300 DEG C are heated to be kept the temperature.
It is furthermore preferred that the method further includes：Remove the gred process：Be cooled to silver ingot surface layer waste residue be in black, make waste residue with
Silver ingot natural separation.
Preferably, the mixed processes further include：Borax is covered in mix surface.
Preferably, the mixed processes further include：It is mixed again with calcium carbonate after silver-colored mud is dried in advance.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
A kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting of the present invention, has following superiority：It (1), can by calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud mixed smelting
So that the smelting recovery of silver reaches 100%；(2), after being mixed into calcium carbonate, the duration of heat of silver-colored mud shortens more than half, significantly
Save the energy, improve operating efficiency；(3), after being mixed into calcium carbonate, the discharge of dust and pernicious gas is significantly reduced,
Operating environment is improved, and one of occupational disease protective barrier is provided for operator；(4), the price of selected auxiliary material calcium carbonate
It is cheap, new cost will not be increased.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting of the present embodiment, including following process：
Mixed processes：It will first mix, stir evenly, mixed weight ratio is carbonic acid with calcium carbonate after the baking drying of silver-colored mud
Calcium：Silver-colored mud=1：3, it is mixed to get mixture, mixture is packed into crucible, then in one layer of borax of mix surface bedding；
Smelting procedure：Crucible is placed in smelting furnace, setting smelting furnace is in heating rate and the heat preservation of each temperature range
Between, time enough is stopped in low-temperature space (such as 500 DEG C), so that moisture complete evaporation is gone out in the mixture in crucible, is kept away
Exempt to cause the explosion in subsequent high temperature stage because moisture evaporation is not thorough, after moisture evaporation is thorough in mixture, be continuously heating to
1250 DEG C, 30 minutes are kept the temperature, stops heating, crucible is come out of the stove, and silver ingot is obtained；
Remove the gred process：After crucible is come out of the stove, there is waste residue to remain in silver ingot surface layer, the waste residue for being cooled to silver ingot surface layer is in black,
Make waste residue and silver ingot natural separation, obtains finally required fine silver.
Embodiment 2
A kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting of the present embodiment, including following process：
Mixed processes：It will first mix, stir evenly, mixed weight ratio is carbonic acid with calcium carbonate after the baking drying of silver-colored mud
Calcium：Silver-colored mud=1：2, it is mixed to get mixture, mixture is packed into crucible, then in one layer of borax of mix surface bedding；
Smelting procedure：Crucible is placed in smelting furnace, setting smelting furnace is in heating rate and the heat preservation of each temperature range
Between, in low-temperature space (such as 600 DEG C) residence time so that moisture complete evaporation is gone out in mixture in crucible, then after
It is continuous to be warming up to 1280 DEG C, 20 minutes are kept the temperature, heating is stopped, crucible is come out of the stove, and silver ingot is obtained；
Remove the gred process：After crucible is come out of the stove, there is waste residue to remain in silver ingot surface layer, the waste residue for being cooled to silver ingot surface layer is in black,
Make waste residue and silver ingot natural separation, obtains finally required fine silver.
Embodiment 3
A kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting of the present embodiment, including following process：
Mixed processes：It will first mix, stir evenly, mixed weight ratio is carbonic acid with calcium carbonate after the baking drying of silver-colored mud
Calcium：Silver-colored mud=1：1.5, it is mixed to get mixture, mixture is packed into crucible, then in one layer of borax of mix surface bedding；
Smelting procedure：Crucible is placed in smelting furnace, setting smelting furnace is in heating rate and the heat preservation of each temperature range
Between, time enough is stopped in low-temperature space (such as 500 DEG C), so that moisture complete evaporation is gone out in the mixture in crucible, so
After be continuously heating to 1300 DEG C, keep the temperature 10 minutes, stop heating, crucible is come out of the stove, and silver ingot is obtained；
Remove the gred process：After crucible is come out of the stove, there is waste residue to remain in silver ingot surface layer, the waste residue for being cooled to silver ingot surface layer is in black,
Make waste residue and silver ingot natural separation, obtains finally required fine silver.
Embodiment 4
A kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting of the present embodiment, including following process：
Mixed processes：It will first mix, stir evenly, mixed weight ratio is carbonic acid with calcium carbonate after the baking drying of silver-colored mud
Calcium：Silver-colored mud=1：2.5, it is mixed to get mixture, mixture is packed into crucible, then in one layer of borax of mix surface bedding；
Smelting procedure：Crucible is placed in smelting furnace, setting smelting furnace is in heating rate and the heat preservation of each temperature range
Between, time enough is stopped in low-temperature space (such as 500 DEG C), so that moisture complete evaporation is gone out in the mixture in crucible, so
After be continuously heating to 1400 DEG C, keep the temperature 10 minutes, stop heating, crucible is come out of the stove, and silver ingot is obtained；
Remove the gred process：After crucible is come out of the stove, there is waste residue to remain in silver ingot surface layer, the waste residue for being cooled to silver ingot surface layer is in black,
Make waste residue and silver ingot natural separation, obtains finally required fine silver.
Embodiment 5
A kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting of the present embodiment, including following process：
Mixed processes：It will first mix, stir evenly, mixed weight ratio is carbonic acid with calcium carbonate after the baking drying of silver-colored mud
Calcium：Silver-colored mud=1：1, it is mixed to get mixture, mixture is packed into crucible, then in one layer of borax of mix surface bedding；
Smelting procedure：Crucible is placed in smelting furnace, setting smelting furnace is in heating rate and the heat preservation of each temperature range
Between, time enough is stopped in low-temperature space (such as 500 DEG C), so that moisture complete evaporation is gone out in the mixture in crucible, so
After be continuously heating to 1200 DEG C, keep the temperature 40 minutes, stop heating, crucible is come out of the stove, and silver ingot is obtained；
Remove the gred process：After crucible is come out of the stove, there is waste residue to remain in silver ingot surface layer, the waste residue for being cooled to silver ingot surface layer is in black,
Make waste residue and silver ingot natural separation, obtains finally required fine silver.
Embodiment 6
A kind of silver-colored mud method of smelting of the present embodiment, including following process：
Mixed processes：It will first mix, stir evenly, mixed weight ratio is carbonic acid with calcium carbonate after the baking drying of silver-colored mud
Calcium：Silver-colored mud=1：1.8, it is mixed to get mixture, mixture is packed into crucible；
Smelting procedure：Crucible is placed in smelting furnace, setting smelting furnace is in heating rate and the heat preservation of each temperature range
Between, time enough is stopped in low-temperature space (such as 500 DEG C), so that moisture complete evaporation is gone out in the mixture in crucible, so
After be continuously heating to 1230 DEG C, keep the temperature 10 minutes, stop heating, crucible is come out of the stove, and silver ingot is obtained；
Remove the gred process：After crucible is come out of the stove, there is waste residue to remain in silver ingot surface layer, the waste residue for being cooled to silver ingot surface layer is in black,
Make waste residue and silver ingot natural separation, obtains finally required fine silver.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of range is protected, although being explained in detail to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art answer
Work as understanding, technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of silver mud method of smelting, which is characterized in that it includes：Calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud are mixed into melting.
2. silver mud method of smelting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud is 1:
(1-3)。
3. silver mud method of smelting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud is 1:
1.5。
4. silver mud method of smelting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud is 1:2.
5. silver mud method of smelting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight ratio of the calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud is 1:
2.5。
6. silver mud method of smelting as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described that calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud are mixed melting
It specifically includes：
Mixed processes：By calcium carbonate and silver-colored mud by weight 1:(1-3) is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixture；
Smelting procedure：By mixed material heating to 1200 DEG C -1400 DEG C, at least 10 minutes are kept the temperature, silver ingot is obtained.
7. silver mud method of smelting as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that in the smelting procedure：
1250 DEG C -1300 DEG C are heated to be kept the temperature.
8. silver-colored mud method of smelting as claimed in claims 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the method further includes：
Remove the gred process：The waste residue for being cooled to silver ingot surface layer is in black, makes waste residue and silver ingot natural separation.
9. silver-colored mud method of smelting as claimed in claims 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the mixed processes further include：In mixture
Borax in surface cover.
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| CN201710300827.8A CN108796221B (en) | 2017-05-02 | 2017-05-02 | Silver mud smelting method |
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