CN108793412B - Method for improving ecological service function of urban lake - Google Patents
Method for improving ecological service function of urban lake Download PDFInfo
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- CN108793412B CN108793412B CN201810594772.0A CN201810594772A CN108793412B CN 108793412 B CN108793412 B CN 108793412B CN 201810594772 A CN201810594772 A CN 201810594772A CN 108793412 B CN108793412 B CN 108793412B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides aThe method for improving the landscape service function of the urban lake ecosystem comprises the following steps: (1) spraying polyacrylamide into the target water body to enable the concentration of the polyacrylamide in the water body to reach 5-20 mg/L; after 2 months, the uniconazole is splashed into the target water body for 2-3 times, and the dosage of each time is 0.1-0.5 g/m2(ii) a And after another 1 month, sprinkling sodium naphthaleneacetate into the target water body for 2-3 times, wherein the dosage is 0.5-1 g/m2. According to the invention, the aims of optimizing the submerged plant landscape and stabilizing the community of the water body of the urban lake are fulfilled by inhibiting the plant height of the submerged plant in the lake and promoting the root system of the submerged plant according to the submerged plant landscape problem of the water body of the urban lake.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a method for improving the ecological service function of an urban lake.
Background
The submerged vegetation recovery is a core link of ecological system recovery and is also a key for realizing the conversion from turbid water state to clear water state, and the ecological action mechanism of the submerged vegetation mainly comprises: (1) compete with algae for available nutrients, reducing algae biomass; (2) increasing the sedimentation of particles and inhibiting the resuspension of sediment; (3) providing a place for the growth and the reproduction of zooplankton and creating conditions for the zooplankton to avoid the predation of fishes; (4) release of oxygen to the deposit through the root system, improve the redox potential of the deposit, inhibit the release of phosphorus from the deposit, and the like. Practice of ecosystem restoration shows that the clear water system can be stabilized only after submerged vegetation is restored. A great deal of foreign research finds that after biological manipulation, if submerged vegetation is not recovered, the system can also return to a muddy water state, but once vegetation is formed, a clear water system with different structures can be formed due to great change of biological habitats.
However, as for some small and medium-sized urban landscape lakes, the society focuses most on the landscape function of the water body, and after submerged plants are dominant through ecological restoration, the lakes are changed from a turbid water state to a fresh water state which is favored by people, so that the water quality is clear and the lakes are full of life. However, the beauty deficiency is that some submerged plant species such as hydrilla verticillata, malayan eyedrops, watermifoil, and tape grass often grow and float on the surface of water, leaving serious aesthetic defects.
Therefore, for the medium and small-sized urban lake after successful ecological restoration, how to control the plant height of the submerged plant, improve the root system of the submerged plant and stably maintain the waterscape function of the submerged plant is a technical key for improving the landscape service function of the ecological system of the medium and small-sized urban lake.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for improving the landscape service function of an urban lake ecosystem, which can effectively promote the dwarfing and the root thickening of submerged plants, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the landscape service function of the urban lake ecosystem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the landscape service function of an urban lake ecosystem comprises the following steps:
(1) sprinkling polyacrylamide into a target water body to enable the concentration of the polyacrylamide in the water body to reach 5-20 mg/L;
(2) after 2 months after the step (1), sprinkling uniconazole into the target water body for 2-3 times, wherein the dosage of the uniconazole every time is 0.1-0.5 g/m2；
(3) After 1 month after the step (2) is finished, splashing sodium naphthylacetate into the target water body for 2-3 times, wherein the dosage of the sodium naphthylacetate is 0.5-1 g/m2。
Further, the time interval between two adjacent dousing of uniconazole in the step (2) is 7-10 days.
Further, the time interval between two adjacent times of splashing of the sodium naphthylacetate in the step (3) is 7-10 days.
Preferably, the step (1) is performed in middle and last 3 months.
Preferably, the water surface area of the target water body is 100-10000 square meters.
The main technical ideas or principles of the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems existing in the aspect of water landscapes of small and medium-sized lakes after successful ecological restoration, in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, the submerged plants are in the early stage of germination, the requirements on illumination are urgent, and polyacrylamide is splashed. Aims to flocculate suspended particulate matters in a water body and create conditions for the subsequent optimization of the landscape of submerged plants. In addition, the transparency is improved after the water quality is purified, and the germination of submerged plants is facilitated. The elimination of other flocculants such as aluminum salts is a major consideration of the negative effects that may exist on plant germination and later growth. In the middle and last ten days of 5 months, the submerged plants germinate and grow rapidly, and the uniconazole liquid medicine is splashed. The purpose of using the medicine is to exert the function of inhibiting the growth advantage of the top of the plant and dwarfing the plant. Paclobutrazol is not used because the drug is less potent and has a longer residual time in an aqueous environment. Chlormequat chloride is not used because the effect of chlormequat chloride is mainly exerted in the later growth stage of aquatic plants, and in the later growth stage of plants, the plant height may reach the surface of a water body, and the use of chlormequat chloride can also generate a certain inhibition effect on the root systems of the plants. In the middle and last ten days of 6 months, the submerged plants are in the community stabilization period and sodium naphthylacetate liquid medicine is splashed. The medicine is used for promoting the root system of the plant to be thick and multiple, stabilizing submerged plant communities and having a certain effect on plant dwarfing.
The three medicines are organically combined for use at different stages of plant growth, so that the negative effects of the medicines can be minimized, the positive efficiency can be exerted to the maximum, the dwarfing of submerged plants and the thickening of root systems are promoted, and the aim of improving the landscape service function of the urban lake ecosystem is fulfilled.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In the Wuhan city landscape lake, the water area is 45000 square meters, ecological restoration begins in 2015 3 months, the main ecological restoration measures are submerged plant planting and benthic fish removal, the ecological restoration effect is presented in 2015 7 months, the coverage degree of the submerged plants reaches 70%, the water is clear, the water landscape effect is good, but in 9 months, watery regions (water depth is 1-2 meters) of the watery gulfweed and the hydrilla verticillata grow out of the water surface, and the water landscape is seriously affected.
In the early 3 months of 2018, a water area of 200 square meters is enclosed by rubber in an area where the submerged plants grow out of the water surface, and technical verification of the invention is carried out. Experiment setup 5 treatments, one blankIn contrast, one group was uniconazole alone, one group was sodium naphthaleneacetate alone, one group was uniconazole first followed by sodium naphthaleneacetate, and one group was sodium naphthaleneacetate first followed by uniconazole. The concentration of the uniconazole used is 0.1g/m2The medicine is continuously used twice at intervals of 10 days; the dosage of the sodium naphthaleneacetate liquid medicine is 0.5g/m2The medicine is used twice in a month with 10 days interval. Before the experiment, in each treatment group, polyacrylamide is sprayed once, so that the water concentration is 5-20 mg/L, the water suspension concentration is obviously reduced, and the water transparency is improved by 30 cm. The invention was carried out starting in the middle and last 3 months.
The results show that: the average plant height of the plants treated by the uniconazole is 175cm lower than that of the control group by about 20cm, and the weight and the number of root systems are not obviously changed; in the treatment of adding sodium naphthalene acetate alone, the weight and the number of the roots of the plants are respectively higher than 15 percent and 6 percent of those of the control group, and the plant heights are not changed obviously and are basically consistent with those of the control group; firstly adding uniconazole and then adding sodium naphthalene acetate for treatment, wherein the average plant height of the plant is 150cm and is 45cm lower than that of the control treatment, and the weight and the number of the roots of the plant are respectively higher than those of the control group by 31 percent and 11 percent; in the treatment of adding sodium naphthalene acetate and then adding uniconazole, the average plant height of the plant is about 22cm lower than that of a control group, and the root weight and the root number of the plant are respectively 18 percent and 7 percent higher than those of the control group.
Therefore, the combined use of uniconazole and sodium naphthylacetate has a comprehensive effect far better than the plant height control and root system strengthening effects of single medicament, and the uniconazole must be used first and then the sodium naphthylacetate must be used.
Example 2
In a certain long-sand urban landscape lake, the area of a water body is 50000 square meters, ecological restoration starts in 2016, and the ecological restoration effect is displayed in 10 months, the coverage degree of submerged plants reaches 60%, the water body is clear, the waterscape effect is good, but the service function of a water body ecological system is seriously influenced by the fact that bitter herbs and the like grow out of the water surface in a part of shallow water areas (the water depth is 1 meter).
In 2017, in the area where the original tape grass grows out of the water surface, a water area of 200 square meters is enclosed by an enclosure, and technical verification applied by the invention is carried out. 4 groups of treatments are set in the experiment, and the following schemes are adopted respectively:
(1) blank control group: no measures are taken;
(2) a first group of implementations: sprinkling polyacrylamide to the water body in the middle of 2 months to enable the concentration of the polyacrylamide to be 5-20 mg/L, and then sprinkling uniconazole to the water body three times in the middle of 4 months, wherein the dosage of the uniconazole is 0.5g/m each time2Pouring sodium naphthaleneacetate to the water body 3 times in the middle ten days of 5 months at intervals of 7 days each time;
(3) a second group of implementations: beginning to implement in 3 ten days of the month, wherein the specific measures are the same as those of the first implementation group;
(4) a third group of implementations: the implementation starts in the middle of 4 months, and the specific measures are the same as those of the first implementation group.
The results show that:
the blank group without treatment measures has the average height of the tape grass of 90cm at the end of the experiment, about 30 percent of tape grass leaves are close to the water surface, and the number of tape grass plants is 320 plants/m2The roots of the tape grass are slender; in the first embodiment, the average height of herba Swertiae Dilutae is 80cm, about 15% of the leaves of herba Swertiae Dilutae are close to the water surface, and the number of herba Swertiae Dilutae is 350/m2The number of the tape grass plants is close to that of the control group, because the tape grass does not start to germinate and grow when the polyacrylamide is splashed to improve the water transparency, the germination rate is lower, and the root weight and the root number of the tape grass are respectively improved by 12 percent and 5 percent compared with the control group; the second group has average height of herba Swertiae Dilutae 60cm, no leaf close to water surface, and number of herba Swertiae Dilutae 550/m2The roots of the tape grass are thick and strong, and the root weight and the root number are respectively improved by 28 percent and 15 percent compared with those of a control group; in the third embodiment, the average height of the tape grass is 85cm, 12% of leaves are close to the water surface, and the number of tape grass plants is 340 plants/m2The root weight and the root number of the tape grass are respectively improved by 15 percent and 7 percent compared with those of a control group.
Therefore, in the three implementation groups, the plant height control and root system strengthening effect of the second implementation group is the best, the plant germination rate is reduced by using polyacrylamide measures in advance or in delay, the number of plant plants is low, and the plant height control and root system strengthening effect is obviously reduced by using uniconazole or sodium naphthaleneacetate measures in advance or in delay due to the fact that the plant height control and root system strengthening effect are not consistent with the plant growth period rule.
Claims (1)
1. A method for improving the landscape service function of an urban lake ecosystem is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, spraying polyacrylamide into the target water body, so that the concentration of the polyacrylamide in the water body reaches 5-20 mg/L; the water surface area of the target water body is 100-10000 square meters;
(2) after 2 months after the step (1), sprinkling uniconazole into the target water body for 2-3 times, wherein the dosage of the uniconazole every time is 0.1-0.5 g/m2(ii) a The time interval between two adjacent splashing of the uniconazole is 7-10 days;
(3) after 1 month after the step (2) is finished, splashing sodium naphthylacetate into the target water body for 2-3 times, wherein the dosage of the sodium naphthylacetate is 0.5-1 g/m2(ii) a The time interval between two adjacent splashing of the sodium naphthylacetate is 7-10 days;
the method is applied to the water bodies of small and medium-sized cities after the ecological restoration is successful.
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| CN102633367B (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-11-13 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Ecological restoration method for treating eutrophic water body by utilizing Nuphar sinensis |
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