CN108788172B - Equipment for preparing superfine pure metal powder - Google Patents
Equipment for preparing superfine pure metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN108788172B CN108788172B CN201810666514.9A CN201810666514A CN108788172B CN 108788172 B CN108788172 B CN 108788172B CN 201810666514 A CN201810666514 A CN 201810666514A CN 108788172 B CN108788172 B CN 108788172B
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
Abstract
An apparatus for preparing superfine pure metal powder, the wall of the powder making chamber opposite to the inlet of the powder making chamber is provided with a plasma gun; a strip V-shaped block is arranged at the lower side of the inlet, and a pushing mechanism is arranged at the upper side of the inlet; water cooling discs are arranged on the periphery of the inner wall of the inlet and the inner wall of the powder making chamber of the plasma gun; the bottom of the powder making chamber is connected with a material collector; the powder making chamber is connected with the gas mixing tank through a heat exchanger; the gas mixing tank is connected with the gas supply station and the compressor; the compressor is connected with the dust remover through a blower; the dust remover is connected with the conical port through a dryer; the pure metal bar on the V-shaped block moves in the powder making chamber under the action of the push rod transmission mechanism; the end of the bar is coated by plasma arc generated by the plasma gun, and the metal vapor is desublimated to generate pure metal powder after meeting low-temperature gas at a certain distance from the plasma arc; the water-cooling disc slows down the damage of the high-temperature plasma arc to the powder making chamber; the gas circulation system provides mixed gas for the plasma gun; has the advantages of simple and stable structure, low powder making cost and safe operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pure metal powder preparation, and particularly relates to equipment for preparing superfine pure metal powder.
Background
Obtaining fine metal powder through a plasma powder making process is an important means for obtaining high-quality raw materials in the additive manufacturing industry, and the plasma powder making process mainly takes plasma rotary electrode atomization powder making (PREP method) and plasma fuse atomization powder making (PA method) at present. The powder produced by the PREP method and the PA method has the biggest characteristic of low fine powder yield, the core principle of the PREP method and the PA method is that solid metal is melted by plasma arc, a metal solution is cooled to produce spherical powder, and the generation of fine powder is limited due to the surface tension of the solution, so the fine powder yield of the PREP method and the PA method is low. Excessive powder particle size limits the development of both these processes and also limits the application of pure metal powders prepared by both processes to the additive manufacturing industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide equipment for preparing superfine pure metal powder, wherein the prepared pure metal comprises pure titanium, pure niobium, pure aluminum, pure iron and pure copper, and the trouble of low fine powder yield of the conventional plasma rotating electrode powder-making device is solved; has the advantages of simple and stable structure, low powder making cost and safe operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the equipment for preparing the superfine pure metal powder is characterized by comprising a powder preparing chamber, wherein one side of the powder preparing chamber is provided with an inlet, and a plasma gun is arranged on the wall of the powder preparing chamber opposite to the inlet; a strip V-shaped block is arranged at the lower side of the inlet; a pushing mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the inlet; water cooling discs are arranged on the periphery of the inner wall of the inlet and the inner wall of the milling chamber on the periphery of the plasma gun; the bottom of the powder making chamber is provided with a conical opening which is communicated with the material collector; the upper part of the powder making chamber is communicated with a heat exchanger through a first pipeline, and the input end of the heat exchanger is communicated with a gas mixing tank; the input end of the gas mixing tank is respectively connected with the gas supply station and the compressor; the air inlet of the compressor is connected with the blower; the air inlet end of the blower is connected with the dust remover; the dust remover is communicated with the conical opening through the dryer.
The pushing mechanism comprises a guide rail which is arranged at the upper side of the inlet and is parallel to the V-shaped block, a sliding block is arranged on the guide rail, and the lower part of the sliding block is connected with a pushing rod.
The long V-shaped block is used for preparing a pure metal bar material; and the plasma gun is used for starting an arc and generating a high-temperature plasma arc.
And a second filter screen is arranged at the joint of the first pipeline and the powder making chamber.
The upper side of the milling chamber is provided with a spring safety valve.
A first filter screen is arranged in the conical opening.
And a fifth pipeline is arranged between the dryer and the conical opening, and a third filter screen is arranged in the fifth pipeline.
The input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the gas supply station through a second pipeline, and a second stop valve is arranged on the second pipeline; the input end of the gas mixing tank is connected with the compressor through a third pipeline, and a first stop valve is arranged on the third pipeline.
The upper side of the outer part of the plasma gun is communicated with the output end of the gas mixing tank through a fourth pipeline.
The dryer, the dust remover, the blower, the compressor, the gas mixing tank, the gas supply station and the powder preparation chamber form a gas circulation system, and the gas circulation system provides Ar for the plasma gun: he: h2= 1: 6: 3 proportion of mixed gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the invention has no high-precision processing requirement on the raw material rod, greatly reduces the preparation cost of the raw material, and can greatly reduce the production cost as the raw material is a pure metal rod processed by a common machine; because the bar stock is not required to generate molten liquid drops to overcome the action of surface tension to generate powder any more, the bar stock does not need to rotate at a high speed, the vibration and the noise of the operation of the equipment are reduced, and the safety of the operation of the equipment is improved; meanwhile, the space of the powder making chamber can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the powder making chamber is greatly reduced; the prepared pure metal powder has stable element components, does not have the segregation problem, and can embody the characteristics of the parent metal to the maximum extent; because the high-power plasma gun is adopted to directly heat the metal into a gaseous state and then quickly cool the metal to form the fine powder, the yield of the fine powder (less than 45 mu) of the pure metal powder produced by the plasma powder making process can be improved to more than 80 percent from the current 20 percent, and the problem of low yield (less than 53 mu and not more than 30 percent) of the fine powder of the traditional plasma process equipment is solved; because the fine powder is the main powder used in the additive manufacturing industry, the improvement of the fine powder preparation technology can reduce the cost of fine powder preparation, and finally drive the rapid development of additive manufacturing.
The water cooling disc 7 is arranged near the high-temperature area of the powder making chamber 9 for additional protection, and the ablation of the high temperature of the plasma arc 8 to the powder making chamber 9 can be avoided or reduced.
The lower part of the powder making chamber 9 is provided with a filter screen I11 which can filter out large particles which do not meet the requirement, so that the powder which meets the requirement enters a material collector 12.
A push rod transmission mechanism consisting of a guide rail 1, a slide block 2 and a material pushing rod 3 is driven by a motor to slowly push a pure metal bar 4 into a transmission chamber 9 along a long V-shaped block 5.
Because the powder making chamber 9 is provided with the spring safety valve 6, the spring safety valve 6 is used for ensuring that the system pressure does not exceed a preset value. The safety valve and the extra gas supplement ensure the stable pressure of the system and ensure the smooth operation of the powder preparation process.
The gas circulation system connected to the powder chamber 9 supplies Ar: he: h2= 1: 6: 3 proportion of mixed gas is used for generating a plasma arc 8, which can not only stably start the arc, but also provide a high-temperature plasma arc, and ensure that the heat of the plasma arc 8 can heat and sublimate the bar; on the other hand, the low-temperature gas is provided to ensure that the metal vapor is rapidly de-sublimated to form fine powder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preparing ultra fine pure metal powder according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a guide rail, 2, a sliding block, 3, a material pushing rod, 4, a pure metal bar, 5, a long strip V-shaped block, 6, a spring safety valve, 7, a water cooling disc, 8, a plasma arc, 9, a powder making chamber, 10, a plasma gun, 11, a first filter screen, 12, a material collector, 13, a second filter screen, 14, a dryer, 15, a dust remover, 16, a blower, 17, a compressor, 18, a first stop valve, 19, a second stop valve, 20, a gas mixing tank, 21, a heat exchanger, 22, a third filter screen and 23, and a gas supply station.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the equipment for preparing the ultra-fine pure metal powder is characterized by comprising a powder making chamber 9, wherein one side of the powder making chamber 9 is provided with an inlet, and a plasma gun 10 is arranged on the wall of the powder making chamber opposite to the inlet; a strip V-shaped block 5 is arranged at the lower side of the inlet; a pushing mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the inlet; water cooling discs 7 are arranged on the periphery of the inner wall of the inlet and the inner wall of the milling chamber on the periphery of the plasma gun 10; the bottom of the powder making chamber 9 is a conical opening which is communicated with the material collector 12; the upper part of the powder making chamber 9 is communicated with a heat exchanger 21 through a first pipeline, and the input end of the heat exchanger 21 is communicated with a gas mixing tank 20; the input end of the gas mixing tank 20 is respectively connected with the gas supply station 23 and the compressor 17; the air inlet of the compressor 17 is connected with the blower 16; the air inlet end of the blower 16 is connected with the dust remover 15; the dust separator 15 communicates with the conical port through the dryer 14.
The pushing mechanism comprises a guide rail 1 which is arranged at the upper side of the inlet and is parallel to the V-shaped block 5, a sliding block 2 is arranged on the guide rail 1, and a pushing rod 3 is connected to the lower part of the sliding block 2.
And a third filter screen 22 is arranged at the joint of the first pipeline and the pulverizing chamber 9.
The upper side of the milling chamber 9 is provided with a spring safety valve 6.
A first filter screen 11 is arranged in the conical opening.
And a fifth pipeline is arranged between the dryer 14 and the conical opening, and a second filter screen 13 is arranged in the fifth pipeline.
The input end of the gas mixing tank 20 is connected with the gas supply station 23 through a second pipeline, and a second stop valve 19 is arranged on the second pipeline; the input end of the gas mixing tank 20 is connected with the compressor 17 through a third pipeline, and a first stop valve 18 is arranged on the third pipeline.
The upper side of the outer part of the plasma gun 10 is communicated with the output end of the gas mixing tank 20 through a pipeline four.
The dryer 14, the dust remover 15, the blower 16, the compressor 17, the gas mixing tank 20, the gas supply station 23 and the powder making chamber 9 form a gas circulation system, and the gas circulation system provides Ar: he: h2= 1: 6: 3 proportion gas mixture ensures that the plasma gun generates larger heat to promote the coated metal to sublimate, and on the other hand, provides low-temperature gas to ensure that the metal vapor is quickly sublimated to generate fine powder.
The pure metal bar 4 placed on the long V-shaped block 5 gradually moves towards the milling chamber 9 under the action of the push rod transmission mechanism; the other side of the powder making chamber is provided with a high-power plasma gun 10, the plasma arc 8 formed between the plasma gun 10 and the pure metal bar 4 wraps the end part of the bar, the high temperature generated by the plasma arc 8 sublimates the wrapped metal (the solid state is directly changed into the gaseous state), the metal vapor dispersed in the powder making chamber 9 is away from the plasma arc 8 for a certain distance, and the metal vapor rapidly condenses to generate fine powder after encountering the low-temperature gas entering from the top of the powder making chamber 9.
The mixed gas provided by the gas supply station 23 enters the gas mixing tank 20 through the second stop valve 19 to realize uniform mixing, and then the gas is divided into two paths, wherein one path of gas is provided for the high-power plasma gun 10 and is used for starting an arc and generating a high-temperature plasma arc 8; one path of gas is subjected to the action temperature reduction of the heat exchanger 21, enters the powder making chamber 9 through the third filter screen 22 for condensing metal vapor, generates fine pure metal powder and finally enters the material collector 12.
The mixed gas flowing out of the powder making chamber 9 is dried by the dryer 14, dedusted by the deduster 15, pressurized by the blower 16 and the compressor 17, and then enters the gas mixing tank 20 through the first stop valve 18. (in this case, the second stop valve 19 is closed)
The gas supply station is composed of Ar gas, He gas and H gas2Gas composition can adjust the system of gas mixture ratio. When the pressure of the gas circulation system is too low according to the pressure condition of the gas circulation system fed back by the detection unit, the second stop valve 19 is opened to perform additional gas supplement.
A device for preparing superfine pure metal powder is characterized in that one end of a powder preparation chamber 9 with a water cooling jacket is connected with a pure metal rod 4, and a guide rail 1, a sliding block 2 and a material pushing rod 3 form a material pushing mechanism to push the pure metal rod 4 to slowly enter the powder preparation chamber 9 under the support of a long V-shaped block; the other end of the powder making chamber 9 is connected with a high-power plasma gun 10, a plasma arc 8 is generated between the high-power plasma gun 10 and the pure metal bar 4, the end of the pure metal bar 4 is heated and sublimated into metal gas by heat generated by the plasma arc 8, the metal gas is rapidly sublimated to generate metal fine powder after leaving a high-temperature area near the plasma arc 8 and encountering a low-temperature gas medium, and the metal fine powder enters a material collector 12 through the filtration of a filter screen I11 under the action of a gas circulation system, so that the preparation and the collection of powder are completed. The gas circulation system supplies Ar gas, He gas and H gas of adjustable ratio from the gas supply station 232The mixed gas is uniformly mixed in the gas mixing tank 20 and then divided into two paths, wherein one path of the mixed gas is provided for the high-power plasma gun 10 and is used as a medium for generating a plasma arc 8; one path is cooled by a heat exchanger 21, and enters the powder making chamber 9 after being filtered by a filter screen III 22. The two paths of gas meet in the powder chamber and then enter a gas mixing tank 20 after passing through a second filter screen 13, a dryer 14, a dust remover 15, a blower 16, a compressor 17 and a first stop valve 18 to form a gas circulation loop. In addition, the pulverizing chamber 9 is provided withThe spring safety valve 6 is used for ensuring that the gas pressure of the powder making chamber 9 does not exceed a preset value, and the water cooling disc 7 is filled with circulated cooling water for reducing side effects caused by the plasma arc 8.
When in use, the first stop valve 18 is closed, the second stop valve 19 is opened, and the gas supply station 23 supplies Ar gas, He gas and H gas in a certain proportion2After the mixed gas enters the gas mixing tank 20 and is fully mixed, the second stop valve 19 is closed, and the first stop valve 18, the drier 14, the dust remover 15, the blower 16, the compressor 17 and the heat exchanger 21 are opened to realize the circulation reciprocation of the mixed gas. The gas flowing into the powder making chamber 9 enters through the third filter screen 22, and the gas flowing out of the powder making chamber 9 is discharged through the second filter screen 13. The high-power plasma gun 10 generates plasma arcs 8 to make the end part of the pure metal bar 4 into powder, and the powder enters the collector 12 through the filter screen I11 to be collected. The pushing rod 3 pushes the pure metal bar 4 slowly into the powder chamber 9 under the action of a pushing system consisting of the guide rail 1, the slide block 2 and the strip V-shaped block 5, so that the continuity of powder preparation is realized. When the system pressure is too high, the spring safety valve 6 starts to reduce the pressure; when the system pressure value is too low, the second stop valve 19 is opened for additional gas supplement.
The pure metals which can be prepared are pure titanium, pure niobium, pure aluminum, pure iron, pure copper and the like.
Claims (1)
1. The equipment for preparing the superfine pure metal powder is characterized by comprising a powder preparing chamber (9), wherein one side of the powder preparing chamber (9) is provided with an inlet, and a plasma gun (10) is arranged on the wall of the powder preparing chamber opposite to the inlet; a strip V-shaped block (5) is arranged at the lower side of the inlet; a pushing mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the inlet; water cooling discs (7) are arranged on the periphery of the inner wall of the inlet and the inner wall of the milling chamber on the periphery of the plasma gun (10); the bottom of the powder making chamber (9) is a conical opening which is communicated with the material collector (12); the upper part of the powder making chamber (9) is communicated with a heat exchanger (21) through a first pipeline, and the input end of the heat exchanger (21) is communicated with a gas mixing tank (20); the input end of the gas mixing tank (20) is respectively connected with the gas supply station (23) and the compressor (17); the air inlet of the compressor (17) is connected with the blower (16); the air inlet end of the blower (16) is connected with the dust remover (15); the dust remover (15) is communicated with the conical opening through the dryer (14);
the pushing mechanism comprises a guide rail (1) which is arranged at the upper side of the inlet and is parallel to the long V-shaped block (5), a sliding block (2) is arranged on the guide rail (1), and the lower part of the sliding block (2) is connected with a pushing rod (3); the long V-shaped block (5) is used for preparing a pure metal bar material (4); a plasma gun (10) for starting an arc and generating a high-temperature plasma arc (8);
a third filter screen (22) is arranged at the joint of the first pipeline and the pulverizing chamber (9); a spring safety valve (6) is arranged at the upper side of the powder making chamber (9); a first filter screen (11) is arranged in the conical opening; a fifth pipeline is arranged between the dryer (14) and the conical opening, and a second filter screen (13) is arranged in the fifth pipeline; the input end of the gas mixing tank (20) is connected with the gas supply station (23) through a second pipeline, and a second stop valve (19) is arranged on the second pipeline; the input end of the gas mixing tank (20) is connected with the compressor (17) through a third pipeline, and a first stop valve (18) is arranged on the third pipeline; the upper side of the outer part of the plasma gun (10) is communicated with the output end of the gas mixing tank (20) through a pipeline IV; the dryer (14), the dust remover (15), the blower (16), the compressor (17), the gas mixing tank (20), the gas supply station (23) and the powder making chamber (9) form a gas circulation system, and the gas circulation system provides Ar for the plasma gun: he: h2= 1: 6: 3 proportion of mixed gas.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810666514.9A CN108788172B (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | Equipment for preparing superfine pure metal powder |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810666514.9A CN108788172B (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | Equipment for preparing superfine pure metal powder |
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| CN108788172A CN108788172A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| CN108788172B true CN108788172B (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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| CN201810666514.9A Active CN108788172B (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | Equipment for preparing superfine pure metal powder |
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| CN110434351A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-12 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of rotation electrode powder manufacturing apparatus and its gas cooling circulatory system |
| CN113967735B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-05-05 | 广东长信精密设备有限公司 | Metal powder mixing method |
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| TW583043B (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-04-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Nanostructured metal powder and the method of fabricating the same |
| CN2629878Y (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2004-08-04 | 浙江省新昌县恒升金属纳米材料有限公司 | Nano metal powder producing apparatus |
| CN101327519A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2008-12-24 | 张建利 | Plasma rotating electrode milling machine group and technique |
| JP5768322B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2015-08-26 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Nickel fine powder and method for producing the same |
| CN106853534A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-06-16 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | A kind of device for improving titanium alloy powder yield rate |
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Address after: 710018 No. 45, Fengcheng Second Road, Xi'an Economic and Technological Development Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Xi'an Ouzhong Materials Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: No.45, Fengcheng 2nd Road, economic and Technological Development Zone, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018 Patentee before: XI'AN SINO-EURO MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |