CN108788140B - 单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片及其制备方法 - Google Patents

单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108788140B
CN108788140B CN201810899606.1A CN201810899606A CN108788140B CN 108788140 B CN108788140 B CN 108788140B CN 201810899606 A CN201810899606 A CN 201810899606A CN 108788140 B CN108788140 B CN 108788140B
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武晓鑫
马艳章
许洪新
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Jilin Normal University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
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    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • B22F2007/042Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method

Abstract

本发明公开了一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片,属于金刚石复合片制备技术领域。本发明所述金刚石复合片分为两层,一层为硬质合金层,另一层为聚晶金刚石层中心嵌入了单晶金刚石的复合金刚石层。所述聚晶金刚石中心嵌入了单晶金刚石的复合金刚石层通过高温高压烧结的方法与硬质合金基体层紧密熔融结合在一起。本发明用在石油钻井、地质勘探、煤田钻采的钻头上和机械加工的工具上时,能够使复合片的耐磨度与抗冲击性增强,尤其是对复合片中心硬度要求较高的钻头和切削工具,可大大提高其使用寿命。

Description

单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于金刚石复合片制备技术领域,特别是涉及一种单晶嵌入式的金刚石复合片及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,金刚石复合片被广泛应用于石油钻井以及地质钻探等行业,钻井钻头的不同位置对金刚石复合片有着不同功能的要求。其中一些应用领域对金刚石复合片产品中心位置的耐磨性和抗冲击性能具有更高的要求。传统意义上的金刚石复合片主要由硬质合金基体与聚晶金刚石层组成,是由金刚石微粉与结合剂混合在一起,并同硬质合金基体在超高温、高压条件下烧结而成,因受到结合剂的影响,使金刚石复合片的硬度无法与单晶金刚石相比较。随着金刚石复合片产业的发展,多种特殊形状的金刚石复合片(例如锥形、球形、面包型以及屋脊形等)虽可以一定程度上提高产品的抗冲击性能,但受到材料本身性质的影响,提高的程度有限。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片的制备方法,旨在解决现有金刚石复合片中心硬度、抗冲击性能与耐磨性受材料本身性质影响,提高程度有限的问题。
本发明的技术方案结合附图说明如下:
提供了一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片,打破传统制造金刚石复合片以及聚晶金刚石高压压砧的工艺,其结构由嵌入了单晶金刚石2的聚晶金刚石层3和硬质合金层4组成,通过高温高压烧结处理使硬质合金层4与嵌入了单晶金刚石2的聚晶金刚石层3紧密熔融结合在一起;单晶金刚石2嵌入在聚晶金刚石层3中心,单晶金刚石2的最大平面与硬质合金层4的平面相平行且接触在一起,单晶金刚石2的粒度与聚晶金刚石层3厚度相等,使单晶金刚石2贯穿整个聚晶金刚石层,其上顶面能够与空气接触。
所述硬质合金层4是由WC-Co硬质合金构成。
所述单晶金刚石2的粒度可根据复合片中聚晶金刚石层所需厚度的不同进行调整,一般在1~4mm之间。
所述单晶金刚石形状不一定规则,只要其粒度(高度)与聚晶金刚石层的厚度相同即可。
所述的单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
1)、制备预烧结体:将聚晶金刚石微粉装入到第一金属杯中,聚晶金刚石微粉的量应控制在其经过高温高压烧结后得到成品的厚度等于单晶金刚石的粒度;用模具在装好的聚晶金刚石微粉正中心处压出一个与单晶金刚石大小一致的凹槽;将单晶金刚石放入凹槽,保持单晶金刚石的最大平面在最上方。用平头模具再次将聚晶金刚石微粉与单晶金刚石压实,转动模具使聚晶金刚石微粉包裹住形状不规则的单晶金刚石,仅留单晶金刚石的最大平面暴露在外面,使其与压实的聚晶金刚石微粉处于同一平面上。然后将硬质合金基体装入到第一金属杯中。最后扣上第二金属杯和第三金属杯,得到装配好的金属杯组件5。将装配好的金属杯组件5在550~650℃、真空度为10-1~10-3Pa的条件下进行真空净化2小时,得到金刚石复合片预烧结体。
2)高温烧结:将所述单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片的预烧结体合成块放在六面顶压机中,在5.5~7.5GPa和1200~1600K的条件下加热400~500s进行烧结,得到单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片毛坯。
所述高温烧结的步骤之后还包括对所述聚晶金刚石复合片进行研磨、抛光处理的步骤。
本发明的技术效果如下:
本发明利用高温高压烧结的方法,将嵌入了单晶金刚石的聚晶金刚石与硬质合金基体紧密熔融结合在一起,形成了C-C键,使得聚晶金刚石与单晶金刚石紧密结合在一起形成一体结构。利用嵌入中心的单晶金刚石,可以增加复合片中心硬度,提高其用在钻头和切削工具上的使用寿命。可广泛应用于石油钻井、地质勘探、煤田钻采的钻头上和机械加工的工具上。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片的立体结构示意图;
图2是一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片预烧结体的组装示意图;
附图中各部件的标记如下:1、中心线;2、单晶金刚石;3、聚晶金刚石层;4、硬质合金层;5、金属杯组件。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述,以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解,从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片,嵌入了单晶金刚石的聚晶金刚石层通过高温高压烧结与硬质合金基体层紧密熔融结合在一起,形成一种具单晶嵌入式金刚石超硬复合材料,即本实施例提供的所述金刚石复合片。其结构中包括嵌入了单晶金刚石的聚晶金刚石层以及硬质合金层,如图1和图2所示中,1为中心线,2为单晶金刚石,3为聚晶金刚石层,4为硬质合金基体,5为高温高压烧结时需用到的金属杯三件套。
其中,所述硬质合金基体是由WC-Co硬质合金构成,所述单晶金刚石为人造金刚石,粒度(高度)为3mm,所述聚晶金刚石层厚度为3mm。
上述聚晶金刚石复合片的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚晶金刚石微粉装入到第一金属杯中,聚晶金刚石微粉的量应控制在其经过高温高压烧结后得到成品的厚度大于单晶金刚石的粒度(高度)。
(2)用模具在装好的聚晶金刚石微粉正中心处压出一个与人工单晶金刚石大小一致的凹槽。将单晶金刚石放入凹槽,保持单晶金刚石的最大平面在最上方。
(3)用平头模具再次将聚晶金刚石微粉与单晶金刚石压实,转动模具使聚晶金刚石微粉包裹住形状不规则的单晶金刚石,仅留单晶金刚石的最大平面暴露在外面,使其与压实的聚晶金刚石微粉处于同一平面上。
(4)将硬质合金基体装入到第一金属杯中。
(5)扣上第二和第三金属杯,得到装配好的金属杯组件。
(6)将装配好的金属杯组件在600℃、真空度为10-2Pa的条件下进行真空净化2小时,得到金刚石复合片预烧结体。
(7)将所述合成块放在六面顶压机中在5.8GPa和1415K的条件下加热480s,得到得到聚晶金刚石复合片毛坯。
(8)将所述聚晶金刚石复合片毛坯进行研磨、抛光处理得到聚晶金刚石复合片成品。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片,该金刚石复合片与实施例1提供的所述金刚石复合片的结构基本相同,都是用嵌入了单晶金刚石的聚晶金刚石层通过高温高压烧结与硬质合金基体层紧密熔融结合在一起,形成一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片。不同之处在于:所述单晶金刚石为天然金刚石,粒度(高度)为2.2mm,所述聚晶金刚石层厚度为2.2mm。
上述聚晶金刚石复合片的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚晶金刚石微粉装入到第一金属杯中,聚晶金刚石微粉的量应控制在其经过高温高压烧结后得到成品的厚度大于单晶金刚石的粒度(高度)。
(2)用模具在装好的聚晶金刚石微粉正中心处压出一个与天然单晶金刚石大小一致的凹槽。将单晶金刚石放入凹槽,保持单晶金刚石的最大平面在最上方。
(3)用平头模具再次将聚晶金刚石微粉与单晶金刚石压实,转动模具使聚晶金刚石微粉包裹住形状不规则的单晶金刚石,仅留单晶金刚石的最大平面暴露在外面,使其与压实的聚晶金刚石微粉处于同一平面上。
(4)将硬质合金基体装入到第一金属杯中。
(5)扣上第二和第三金属杯,得到单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片的预烧结体。
(5)扣上第二和第三金属杯,得到装配好的金属杯组件。
(6)将装配好的金属杯组件在温度600℃、真空度为10-2Pa的条件下进行真空净化2小时,得到金刚石复合片预烧结体。
(7)将所述合成块放在六面顶压机中在5.8GPa和1415K的条件下加热440s,得到得到聚晶金刚石复合片毛坯。
(8)将所述聚晶金刚石复合片毛坯进行研磨、抛光处理得到聚晶金刚石复合片成品。
本发明实施例提供的所述单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片,在高温烧结的过程中,单晶金刚石与聚晶金刚石在高温高压的作用下形成了C-C键,使得聚晶金刚石与单晶金刚石紧密结合在一起形成一体结构。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神,其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (5)

1.一种单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片,其特征在于,所述金刚石复合片结构由嵌入了单晶金刚石(2)的聚晶金刚石层(3)和硬质合金层(4)组成,通过高温高压烧结处理使硬质合金层(4)与嵌入了单晶金刚石(2)的聚晶金刚石层(3)紧密熔融结合在一起;单晶金刚石(2)嵌入在聚晶金刚石层(3)中心,单晶金刚石(2)的最大平面与硬质合金层(4)的平面相平行且接触在一起,单晶金刚石(2)的粒度与聚晶金刚石层(3)厚度相等,使单晶金刚石(2)贯穿整个聚晶金刚石层,其上顶面能够与空气接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片,其特征在于,所述硬质合金层(4)是由WC-Co硬质合金构成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片,其特征在于,所述单晶金刚石(2)的粒度和聚晶金刚石层厚度为1~4mm之间。
4.如权利要求1所述的单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片的制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)、制备预烧结体:将聚晶金刚石微粉装入到第一金属杯中,聚晶金刚石微粉的量应控制在其经过高温高压烧结后得到成品的厚度等于单晶金刚石的粒度;用模具在装好的聚晶金刚石微粉正中心处压出一个与单晶金刚石大小一致的凹槽;将单晶金刚石放入凹槽,保持单晶金刚石的最大平面在最上方;用平头模具再次将聚晶金刚石微粉与单晶金刚石压实,转动模具使聚晶金刚石微粉包裹住形状不规则的单晶金刚石,仅留单晶金刚石的最大平面暴露在外面,使其与压实的聚晶金刚石微粉处于同一平面上;然后将硬质合金基体装入到第一金属杯中;最后扣上第二金属杯和第三金属杯,得到装配好的金属杯组件;将装配好的金属杯组件在550~650 ℃、真空度为10-1~10-3 Pa的条件下进行真空净化2小时,得到金刚石复合片预烧结体;
2)高温烧结:将所述单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片的预烧结体合成块放在六面顶压机中,在5.5~7.5 GPa和1200~1600 K的条件下加热400~500 s进行烧结,得到单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片。
5.根据权利要求4所述的单晶嵌入式金刚石复合片的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤2)高温烧结之后还包括对所述聚晶金刚石复合片进行研磨、抛光处理的步骤。
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