CN108786388A - A kind of removing method of wet type desulfurizing flue gas water mist - Google Patents
A kind of removing method of wet type desulfurizing flue gas water mist Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
- B01D53/504—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种湿式脱硫烟气水雾的消除方法，包括湿式脱硫塔气体出口的烟气首先与空气通过换热器的换热面间接接触换热被冷却过程；间接接触换热被冷却的烟气先排出冷凝水，再与换热过程加热后的热空气混合后从烟囱排入大气过程。本发明将经过脱硫塔处理后的烟气与空气在换热器换热面间接接触换热，使处理后烟气冷却降温，防止了高温烟气直接排放形成的白色烟雾现象，且在换热前通过碱液吸收未经完全处理的残余硫，进而使最终与空气混合排放的混合气体更纯净，增加环保效益。本发明具有投资费用少，运行动力消耗小，方法简单高效的特点，为冶炼及燃煤电厂等领域的湿法脱硫烟气水雾的去除，实现节能减排增效提供了有效的技术保障。
The invention relates to a method for eliminating water mist from wet desulfurization flue gas, which comprises the process of first contacting the flue gas at the gas outlet of the wet desulfurization tower with the air through the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger for indirect heat exchange and cooling; the indirect contact heat exchange is cooled The flue gas first discharges the condensed water, and then mixes with the hot air heated by the heat exchange process, and then is discharged into the atmosphere from the chimney. In the present invention, the flue gas treated by the desulfurization tower and the air are indirectly contacted to exchange heat on the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, so that the treated flue gas is cooled and cooled, and the white smoke phenomenon formed by the direct discharge of high-temperature flue gas is prevented. The residual sulfur that has not been completely treated is absorbed by the lye before, so that the mixed gas that is finally mixed with the air is purer and the environmental protection benefits are increased. The invention has the characteristics of low investment cost, small operating power consumption, simple and efficient method, and provides an effective technical guarantee for the removal of wet desulfurization flue gas water mist in the fields of smelting and coal-fired power plants, and the realization of energy saving, emission reduction and efficiency increase.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种湿式脱硫烟气水雾的消除方法，特别是在湿法脱硫之后，湿式脱硫塔气体出口的烟气与空气间接接触换热被冷却，产物混合后从烟囱排放，对各粒径烟气水雾均有较好的去除效果，实现脱硫后烟气水雾快速、高效消除，适用于冶炼、燃煤电厂及环保领域。The invention relates to a method for eliminating wet desulfurization flue gas water mist, especially after wet desulfurization, the flue gas at the gas outlet of the wet desulfurization tower is cooled by indirect heat exchange with the air, and the products are mixed and discharged from the chimney. Both the flue gas and water mist have a good removal effect, and the flue gas and water mist after desulfurization can be eliminated quickly and efficiently. It is suitable for smelting, coal-fired power plants and environmental protection fields.
背景技术Background technique
在冶炼及燃煤电厂等领域，对于脱硫项目，大多采用石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺(WFGD)，大多湿式脱硫塔后配有净烟气再热器。烟气再热器中约90％采用回转再生式原烟气/净烟气换热器(GGH)。可用于加热脱硫后净烟气，以提高烟气抬升高度，利于烟气扩散排放，其状态正常与否关系到烟气脱硫系统能否正常运行，但GGH投入使用运行费用较高，且通过大量的实践经验表明，GGH容易产生堵灰腐蚀问题，进而导致故障发生，严重时会影响系统安全运行，且其换热效率低，压差远高于设计值等问题。因此，自2006年以后，超过70％的WFGD系统取消或未设置GGH。但取消GGH后，净烟气排放温度降低，易出现大量细小液滴的夹带排放，并在烟囱周围形成降雨，雨滴蒸发之后会形成较难清理的白色固体痕迹，即“石膏雨”现象，对居民生活造成很大影响。In the fields of smelting and coal-fired power plants, limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization process (WFGD) is mostly used for desulfurization projects, and most wet desulfurization towers are equipped with net flue gas reheaters. About 90% of the flue gas reheaters use the rotary regenerative raw flue gas/clean flue gas heat exchanger (GGH). It can be used to heat the clean flue gas after desulfurization to increase the height of flue gas lift and facilitate the diffusion and emission of flue gas. Whether its status is normal or not is related to the normal operation of the flue gas desulfurization system. Practical experience shows that GGH is prone to ash plugging and corrosion problems, which will lead to failures. In severe cases, it will affect the safe operation of the system, and its heat transfer efficiency is low, and the pressure difference is much higher than the design value. Therefore, since 2006, more than 70% of WFGD systems canceled or did not set GGH. However, after canceling the GGH, the discharge temperature of the net flue gas will drop, and a large number of fine liquid droplets will be entrained and discharged, and rain will form around the chimney. have a great impact on the lives of residents.
因此，寻找一种行之有效的湿式脱硫烟气水雾的消除方法，避免产生“石膏雨”问题，探索烟气水雾快速、高效、低成本去除，对冶炼及燃煤电厂等领域的节能环保增效显得尤为重要。Therefore, it is necessary to find an effective elimination method for wet desulfurization flue gas water mist, to avoid the problem of "gypsum rain", to explore the rapid, efficient and low-cost removal of flue gas water mist, and to save energy in the fields of smelting and coal-fired power plants. Environmental protection efficiency is particularly important.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的在于提供一种湿式脱硫烟气水雾的消除方法，特别是在石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺(WFGD)之后，产生的温度在40～60℃的净烟气，烟气中水分处于饱和状态，通过将湿式脱硫塔气体出口的烟气与空气通过换热面间接接触换热实现冷却降温，随后排出冷凝水后的烟气与所述加热后的热空气混合从烟囱排出，实现烟气水雾高效、快速消除。与湿式脱硫塔气体出口排出的烟气间接换热后的空气与进入脱硫塔前的烟气间接换热，实现未脱硫烟气降温，防止粉尘温度过高，影响脱硫效果，且实现空气二次使用，节能环保；在换热所用换热器的换热面采用金属表面涂布耐酸腐蚀涂层材料的材料、或有机高分子材料、或金属钛以防腐蚀；湿式脱硫塔气体出口排出的烟气与碱液接触后再与空气通过换热面间接接触换热被冷却以中和脱硫液中稀硫酸降低其腐蚀性；经过空气冷却之后的烟气经过去除水滴的除水过程后再与热空气混合以实现高混合效率。本发明提供了一种湿式脱硫烟气水雾的消除方法，且具有投资费用少、设备简单、能耗低、有效控制烟气水雾污染的特点。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for eliminating water mist from wet desulfurization flue gas, especially after the limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization process (WFGD), the clean flue gas with a temperature of 40-60°C is produced, and the moisture in the flue gas is at In the saturated state, the flue gas at the gas outlet of the wet desulfurization tower is indirectly contacted with the air to exchange heat through the heat exchange surface to realize cooling and cooling, and then the flue gas after discharging condensed water is mixed with the heated hot air and discharged from the chimney to realize the flue gas. Air and water mist are efficiently and quickly eliminated. Indirect heat exchange with the flue gas discharged from the gas outlet of the wet desulfurization tower, the indirect heat exchange between the air and the flue gas before entering the desulfurization tower, to realize the cooling of the non-desulfurized flue gas, prevent the dust temperature from being too high and affect the desulfurization effect, and realize the secondary air Use, energy saving and environmental protection; the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger used for heat exchange is coated with acid corrosion-resistant coating materials on the metal surface, or organic polymer materials, or metal titanium to prevent corrosion; the smoke discharged from the gas outlet of the wet desulfurization tower The flue gas is in contact with the alkali solution and then indirect contact with the air through the heat exchange surface to exchange heat and be cooled to neutralize the dilute sulfuric acid in the desulfurization liquid to reduce its corrosivity; after the air cooling, the flue gas undergoes a water removal process to remove water droplets and then is contacted with heat Air mixing for high mixing efficiency. The invention provides a method for eliminating wet desulfurization flue gas water mist, and has the characteristics of low investment cost, simple equipment, low energy consumption and effective control of flue gas water mist pollution.
本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的：The present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:
一种湿式脱硫烟气水雾的消除方法，其特征是至少由如下过程组成：A method for eliminating wet desulfurization flue gas water mist, characterized in that it consists of at least the following processes:
(1)湿式脱硫塔气体出口的烟气首先与空气通过换热器的换热面间接接触换热被冷却过程；(1) The flue gas at the gas outlet of the wet desulfurization tower is first indirect contact with the air through the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger to exchange heat and be cooled;
(2)间接接触换热被冷却的烟气先排出冷凝水，再与换热过程加热后的热空气混合后从烟囱排入大气过程。(2) Indirect contact heat exchange The cooled flue gas first discharges the condensed water, and then mixes with the hot air heated by the heat exchange process, and then is discharged into the atmosphere from the chimney.
为实现空气的二次利用，间接接触换热被冷却过程后，被加热的热空气可与进入脱硫塔前的烟气间接换热；In order to realize the secondary use of air, after the indirect contact heat transfer is cooled, the heated hot air can indirectly exchange heat with the flue gas before entering the desulfurization tower;
所述方法的装置，其特征在于上述两次换热所用换热器的换热面采用金属表面，涂布耐酸腐蚀涂层材料的材料、或有机高分子材料、或金属钛。The device of the method is characterized in that the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger used for the above two heat exchanges is a metal surface, coated with an acid-resistant coating material, or an organic polymer material, or metal titanium.
所述方法，其特征是在(1)中湿式脱硫塔气体出口排出的烟气先与碱液接触，再与空气通过换热面间接接触换热被冷却，排出冷凝水后的烟气与换热过程加热后的热空气混合后从烟囱排入大气。The method is characterized in that in (1) the flue gas discharged from the gas outlet of the wet desulfurization tower first contacts with the lye, and then is cooled by indirect contact with the air through the heat exchange surface for heat exchange, and the flue gas after the condensed water is discharged is exchanged with the lye The hot air heated by the thermal process is mixed and discharged into the atmosphere from the chimney.
所述方法，其特征在于过程(2)中经过空气冷却之后的烟气先经过去除水滴的除水过程后再与热空气混合。The method is characterized in that the flue gas cooled by air in the process (2) first undergoes a water removal process for removing water droplets and then mixes with hot air.
具体说明如下：The specific instructions are as follows:
石灰石-石膏法脱硫装置通常采用喷淋空塔结构，含石膏的脱硫浆液通过喷嘴向下喷出，烟气逆流向上排出。经湿法烟气脱硫后，烟气温度一般在40～60℃，烟气中水分处于饱和状态，该烟气通过烟道向外排放，烟道另一端通入洁净空气，湿式脱硫塔气体出口的烟气通过碱液吸收脱硫液中残余稀硫酸，降低其腐蚀性，经碱液处理后烟气继续向前流经换热器，在换热器的换热面实现换热，该换热面采用金属表面涂布耐酸腐蚀涂层材料的材料、或有机高分子材料、或金属钛，将其部分热量传给换热面使其蓄热，在换热面转到空气侧时，其释放热量给逆流通过的空气，实现脱硫塔气体出口的烟气冷却降温，间接换热用空气升温，升温后的空气用与进入脱硫塔前的烟气间接换热，实现空气二次利用，使未脱硫烟气降温。冷凝后烟气在换热面释放出冷凝水，经过去除水滴的除水过程，排出的水通过下方铺设的排水管排出。排出冷凝水后的烟气与所述换热后升温的空气混合后从上方烟囱排入到大气中。The limestone-gypsum desulfurization device usually adopts a spray empty tower structure, the desulfurization slurry containing gypsum is sprayed downward through the nozzle, and the flue gas is discharged upward in countercurrent. After wet flue gas desulfurization, the flue gas temperature is generally 40-60°C, and the moisture in the flue gas is saturated. The flue gas is discharged through the flue, and the other end of the flue is fed with clean air, and the gas outlet of the wet desulfurization tower The flue gas absorbs the residual dilute sulfuric acid in the desulfurization liquid through the lye to reduce its corrosivity. The surface is made of metal surface coated with acid-resistant coating materials, or organic polymer materials, or metal titanium, and part of its heat is transferred to the heat exchange surface to store heat. When the heat exchange surface is turned to the air side, it is released The heat is given to the air passing through the countercurrent to realize the cooling and cooling of the flue gas at the gas outlet of the desulfurization tower, and the air is used for indirect heat exchange to raise the temperature. Desulfurization flue gas cooling. After condensation, the flue gas releases condensed water on the heat exchange surface. After the water removal process of removing water droplets, the discharged water is discharged through the drain pipe laid below. The flue gas after the condensed water is discharged is mixed with the air heated up after the heat exchange, and then discharged into the atmosphere from the upper chimney.
过程中使用的空气首先与脱硫塔排出的高温烟气间接接触换热冷却，使烟气冷却降温，然后与进入脱硫塔前的烟气间接接触换热，使未脱硫烟气降温，实现空气两次利用，节能环保。The air used in the process first contacts the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the desulfurization tower for heat exchange and cooling to cool down the flue gas, and then indirectly contacts with the flue gas before entering the desulfurization tower to cool down the non-desulfurized flue gas, realizing air two-phase Reuse, energy saving and environmental protection.
换热面的材料应该具有耐腐蚀性能，故换热所用换热器的换热面采用金属表面涂布耐酸腐蚀涂层材料的材料、或有机高分子材料、或金属钛，但不局限于这几种材料。The material of the heat exchange surface should have corrosion resistance, so the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger used for heat exchange is made of metal surface coated with acid corrosion resistant coating material, or organic polymer material, or metal titanium, but not limited to this Several materials.
经过湿式脱硫塔的湿烟气中含有一定未完全处理的二氧化硫，冷凝为稀硫酸，具有强烈的腐蚀性，将其通过碱液吸收其中的硫酸后其腐蚀性大幅度降低，故可以选用保温及传热效率高的金属材质换热面代替传热效率较低的塑料材质。The wet flue gas passing through the wet desulfurization tower contains some incompletely treated sulfur dioxide, which is condensed into dilute sulfuric acid, which is highly corrosive. After absorbing the sulfuric acid in the lye, its corrosiveness is greatly reduced, so heat preservation and The metal material heat exchange surface with high heat transfer efficiency replaces the plastic material with low heat transfer efficiency.
经过空气冷凝之后的烟气，其中含有大量饱和水，故将其中水分排净后，有利于烟气的集中及回收处理，然后与热空气混合后从烟囱排出。The flue gas after air condensation contains a large amount of saturated water, so after the water is drained, it is beneficial to the concentration and recovery of the flue gas, and then it is mixed with hot air and discharged from the chimney.
本发明的有益效果在于将经过脱硫塔处理后的烟气与空气在换热器换热面间接接触换热，使处理后烟气冷却降温，防止了高温烟气直接排放形成的白色烟雾现象，且在换热前通过碱液吸收未经完全处理的残余硫，进而使最终与空气混合排放的混合气体更纯净，增加环保效益。上述空气经上述一次利用后，再与未进入脱硫塔前的烟气换热，使未脱硫烟气降温，增加脱硫效率。该方法避免了传统的回转再生式原烟气/净烟气换热器(GGH)的投入使用运行费用较高，且容易产生堵灰腐蚀，换热效率低，压差远高于设计值等问题。本发明具有投资费用少，运行动力消耗小，方法简单高效的特点，为冶炼及燃煤电厂等领域的湿法脱硫烟气水雾的去除，实现节能减排增效提供了有效的技术保障。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the flue gas treated by the desulfurization tower and the air are indirectly contacted to exchange heat on the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, so that the flue gas after treatment is cooled and cooled, and the phenomenon of white smoke formed by direct discharge of high-temperature flue gas is prevented. And before the heat exchange, the residual sulfur that has not been completely treated is absorbed by the lye, so that the mixed gas that is finally mixed with the air is purer and the environmental protection benefits are increased. After the above-mentioned air is used once, it exchanges heat with the flue gas that has not entered the desulfurization tower, so as to cool down the non-desulfurized flue gas and increase the desulfurization efficiency. This method avoids the high operation cost of the traditional rotary regenerative raw flue gas/clean flue gas heat exchanger (GGH), and is prone to ash plugging and corrosion, low heat transfer efficiency, and the pressure difference is much higher than the design value, etc. question. The invention has the characteristics of low investment cost, small operating power consumption, simple and efficient method, and provides an effective technical guarantee for the removal of wet desulfurization flue gas water mist in the fields of smelting and coal-fired power plants, and the realization of energy saving, emission reduction and efficiency increase.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1：实施例1湿法烟气水雾的消除方法的流程图；Fig. 1: the flowchart of the elimination method of embodiment 1 wet flue gas mist;
图2：实施例2湿法烟气水雾的消除方法的流程图；Fig. 2: the flowchart of the elimination method of embodiment 2 wet flue gas mist;
图3：实施例3湿法烟气水雾的消除方法的流程图；Fig. 3: the flowchart of the elimination method of embodiment 3 wet flue gas mist;
其中：1-未经脱硫处理的初烟气，2-脱硫塔，3-经脱硫处理的热烟气，4-换热器，5-空气，6-经换热降温的冷却烟气，7-烟气脱水器，8-热空气，9-烟气与空气混合物，10-烟囱，11-外排混合烟气，12-换热器，13-热空气，14-碱液，15-外排处理后碱液。Among them: 1 - primary flue gas without desulfurization treatment, 2 - desulfurization tower, 3 - hot flue gas after desulfurization treatment, 4 - heat exchanger, 5 - air, 6 - cooled flue gas after heat exchange and cooling, 7 -Flue gas dehydrator, 8-hot air, 9-flue gas and air mixture, 10-chimney, 11-exhaust mixed flue gas, 12-heat exchanger, 13-hot air, 14-lye, 15-outside Drain the lye after treatment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
本实施例为湿法烟气水雾的消除方法的实施方案，如图1所示，处理对象为采用石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺(WFGD)的脱硫后烟气水雾。未经脱硫处理的初烟气1(含硫约450mg/Nm3)由脱硫塔2底部的烟气入口进入，经过湿法脱硫后由脱硫塔2的上部烟气出口排出经脱硫处理的热烟气3(含硫约25mg/Nm3,)进入换热器4中，与逆流进入的空气5在换热器4的换热面换热。换热所用换热器的换热面采用金属表面涂布耐酸腐蚀涂层材料的材料、或有机高分子材料、或金属钛，具有良好的耐腐蚀性能。经换热器4换热排出的冷却烟气6与热空气8汇集到烟气脱水器7中脱除经换热降温的冷却烟气6中的冷凝水，脱水后的烟气与空气混合物9，送至烟囱10中，由烟囱10上部外排混合烟气11。This example is an embodiment of the elimination method of wet flue gas water mist, as shown in Figure 1, the treatment object is flue gas water mist after desulfurization by limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization process (WFGD). The undesulfurized primary flue gas 1 (with a sulfur content of about 450mg/Nm 3 ) enters from the flue gas inlet at the bottom of the desulfurization tower 2, and after wet desulfurization, the desulfurized hot flue gas is discharged from the upper flue gas outlet of the desulfurization tower 2 Gas 3 (containing sulfur about 25mg/Nm 3 ,) enters the heat exchanger 4 and exchanges heat with the countercurrently entered air 5 on the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger 4 . The heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger used for heat exchange is made of metal surface coated with acid corrosion resistant coating material, or organic polymer material, or metal titanium, which has good corrosion resistance. The cooled flue gas 6 and hot air 8 discharged through the heat exchanger 4 are collected in the flue gas dehydrator 7 to remove the condensed water in the cooled flue gas 6 cooled by heat exchange, and the dehydrated flue gas and air mixture 9 , sent to the chimney 10, and the mixed flue gas 11 is discharged from the top of the chimney 10.
通过将湿法脱硫后烟气与空气通过换热器间接换热，实现烟气冷却降温，空气加热升温，经过湿法脱硫处理的热烟气3温度约40～60℃，经过换热器4换热降温至30～50℃，空气5由-10～10℃升温至10～30℃。空气升温，使得热焓增加，空气与烟气混合烟气9由烟囱排放，温度约25～45℃，混合物温度升高消除了水蒸气含量高造成的白色水雾。且该方法运行投资成本低，回收成本效益高，节能环保增效效果明显。Through the indirect heat exchange between flue gas and air after wet desulfurization through heat exchanger, the flue gas is cooled and cooled, and the air is heated to increase temperature. The temperature is lowered to 30-50°C by heat exchange, and the temperature of the air 5 is raised from -10-10°C to 10-30°C. The temperature of the air increases to increase the enthalpy, and the mixed flue gas 9 of air and flue gas is discharged from the chimney at a temperature of about 25-45°C. The temperature of the mixture increases to eliminate the white water mist caused by the high water vapor content. Moreover, the method has low operation investment cost, high recovery cost-effectiveness, and obvious energy-saving, environmental protection and efficiency-enhancing effects.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例为湿法烟气水雾的消除方法的实施方案，如图2所示，处理对象为采用石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺(WFGD)的脱硫后烟气水雾。本实施例的处理流程与实施例1大体相同，所不同的在于，未经脱硫处理的初烟气1与换热器4排出的经换热升温的热空气8在换热器12中进行换热，使未经处理的初烟气1换热升温然后进入脱硫塔2中重复实施例1中操作流程。经换热再次升温的热空气13进入烟气脱水器7中，此实施例2可以实现空气的二次利用。This example is an embodiment of the elimination method of wet flue gas water mist. As shown in FIG. 2 , the treatment object is flue gas water mist after desulfurization by limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization process (WFGD). The processing flow of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that the primary flue gas 1 that has not been desulfurized is exchanged with the heated air 8 discharged from the heat exchanger 4 in the heat exchanger 12. heat, make the untreated first flue gas 1 heat exchange and heat up and then enter the desulfurization tower 2 to repeat the operation process in Example 1. The hot air 13 heated up again through heat exchange enters the flue gas dehydrator 7, and this embodiment 2 can realize the secondary utilization of the air.
通过将湿法脱硫后烟气与空气通过换热器间接换热，实现烟气冷却降温，空气加热升温，经过湿法脱硫处理的热烟气3温度约40～60℃，经过换热器4换热降温降至30～50℃，空气5由-10～10℃升温至10～30℃，初次换热升温的热空气通过管道传送未经脱硫处理的初烟气1(含硫约450mg/Nm3)其温度较高为120℃，经过换热器12换热降温降至100～110℃，空气由10～30℃升温至40～60℃。未经脱硫处理的初烟气1先经过热空气8换热降温再进入湿式脱硫设备中，可降低脱硫耗水量，及降低了脱硫塔出口烟气温度。且该过程利用空气为与湿法脱硫后烟气间接换热后的热空气，可以实现空气的二次循环利用。空气升温，使得热焓增加，空气与烟气混合后由烟囱排放，混合物温度升高消除了水蒸气含量高造成的白色水雾。且该方法运行投资成本低，回收成本效益高，节能环保增效效果明显。Through the indirect heat exchange between flue gas and air after wet desulfurization through heat exchanger, the flue gas is cooled and cooled, and the air is heated to increase temperature. The temperature of the heat exchange is lowered to 30-50°C, the temperature of the air 5 is raised from -10-10°C to 10-30°C, and the hot air heated up by the initial heat exchange is sent through the pipeline to the primary flue gas 1 (containing about 450mg/ Nm 3 ) has a higher temperature of 120°C, which is cooled down to 100-110°C through the heat exchanger 12, and the temperature of the air is raised from 10-30°C to 40-60°C. The primary flue gas 1 that has not been desulfurized is first passed through the hot air 8 for heat exchange and cooling, and then enters the wet desulfurization equipment, which can reduce the desulfurization water consumption and reduce the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the desulfurization tower. And this process uses the air as the hot air after indirect heat exchange with the flue gas after wet desulfurization, which can realize the secondary recycling of the air. The temperature of the air increases, which increases the heat enthalpy. The air is mixed with the flue gas and discharged from the chimney. The temperature of the mixture increases to eliminate the white water mist caused by the high water vapor content. Moreover, the method has low operation investment cost, high recovery cost-effectiveness, and obvious energy-saving, environmental protection and efficiency-enhancing effects.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例为湿法烟气水雾的消除方法的实施方案，如图3所示，处理对象为采用石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺(WFGD)的脱硫后烟气水雾。本实施例的处理流程与实施例1大体相同，所不同的在于经脱硫处理的热烟气3在进入换热器4与空气5换热之前，先经过碱液14处理中和脱硫液中残余稀硫酸后再进入换热器4中进行换热，由换热器4底部排出处理后碱液15。This example is an embodiment of the elimination method of wet flue gas water mist, as shown in Figure 3, the treatment object is flue gas water mist after desulfurization by limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization process (WFGD). The treatment process of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of Example 1, except that the hot flue gas 3 after desulfurization treatment is first processed by lye 14 to neutralize the residual desulfurization liquid before entering the heat exchanger 4 and exchanging heat with air 5 The dilute sulfuric acid then enters the heat exchanger 4 for heat exchange, and the treated lye 15 is discharged from the bottom of the heat exchanger 4 .
经脱硫处理的热烟气(含硫量约25mg/Nm3)，先经过碱液处理再进入换热器中进行换热，本实施例的有益之处在于热烟气先经过碱液处理，可中和脱硫液中残余稀硫酸，脱硫烟气的腐蚀性降低后可以选择换热效果、保温良好的金属表面涂布的换热面材料，通过将湿法脱硫后烟气与空气通过换热器间接换热，实现烟气冷却降温，空气加热升温，经过湿法脱硫处理的热烟气3温度约40～60℃，经过换热器4换热降温至30～50℃，空气5由-10～10℃升温至10～30℃。空气升温使得热焓增加，空气与烟气混合后由烟囱排放，混合物温度升高消除了水蒸气含量高造成的白色水雾。且该方法运行投资成本低，回收成本效益高，节能环保增效效果明显。The desulfurized hot flue gas (with a sulfur content of about 25 mg/Nm 3 ) is first treated with lye and then enters the heat exchanger for heat exchange. The benefit of this embodiment is that the hot flue gas is first treated with lye, It can neutralize the residual dilute sulfuric acid in the desulfurization liquid, and after the corrosiveness of the desulfurization flue gas is reduced, the heat exchange surface material coated on the metal surface with heat transfer effect and good heat preservation can be selected, and the flue gas and air after wet desulfurization can be exchanged through heat exchange The indirect heat exchange of the flue gas realizes the cooling and cooling of the flue gas, and the heating and heating of the air. The temperature of the hot flue gas 3 after wet desulfurization treatment is about 40-60°C, and the heat exchange of the heat exchanger 4 cools down to 30-50°C. 10 ~ 10 ℃ heating up to 10 ~ 30 ℃. The heating of the air increases the enthalpy, and the air is mixed with the flue gas and discharged from the chimney. The temperature of the mixture increases to eliminate the white water mist caused by the high water vapor content. Moreover, the method has low operation investment cost, high recovery cost-effectiveness, and obvious energy-saving, environmental protection and efficiency-enhancing effects.
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Application publication date: 20181113 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |