The desulfurization of the tower calcium method of a kind of list turns device and the technique of the double-tower type ammonia process of desulfurization
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental technology field, relate to a kind of calcium method desulfurizer that utilizes, change into device and the technique of the ammonia process of desulfurization, be particularly useful for transformation or the newly-built ammonia desulfuration equipment of steam power plant's original calcium method desulfurizer.
Background technology
At present, known calcium method (being limestone-based process) the sulfur removal technology waste liquid that has been in operation produces, and also has waste residues calcium sulfate to generate simultaneously, causes secondary pollution.And the ammonia process of desulfurization can be without waste liquid, waste sludge discharge, the ammonium sulfate of generation can utilize.Therefore a lot of calcium method desulfurization change to the ammonia process of desulfurization of efficient and low power consuming.In the desulfurization of calcium method, cost maximum is desulfurizing tower, general calcium method desulfurization all adopts single tower mode, and desulfurizing tower is all single layer structure, and ammonia process desulfuration tower is all generally a plate column (at least two-layer), if directly become plate column for the ammonia process of desulfurization in original calcium method desulfurizing tower interior laminate layer, it is not enough that the height of each interval seems again, transformation also will inevitably destroy the anti-corrosion layer structure of desulfurizing tower, and do not reach original antiseptic effect through the anticorrosive coat of repairing, transformation is got up very difficult, after layering, desulfurizing tower epimere has increased liquid bearing, cause original steel construction undercapacity.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art, solve the secondary pollution that the desulfurization of calcium method produces, and the steel construction undercapacity of the calcium method desulfurizing tower existing in the transformation of calcium method desulfurizing tower, layer height is not enough, anticorrosive coat is difficult to repair, anti-corrosion material is Nai Gaore and thermal shocking etc. not, and the desulfurization of existing calcium method turns the desulfurization amount problem less than normal existing in ammonia-process desulfurization technique, the invention provides device and technique that the tower calcium method of a kind of list desulfurizer turns the multi-tower type ammonia process of desulfurization, utilized original deduster completely, gas-gas heat exchanger, circulating pump, magma pump, cyclone, using calcium method desulfurizing tower as oxidizing tower utilization, the devices such as absorption tower have been configured, do not change desulfurizing tower internal structure, reach stack gas cleaning discharge, do not cause the object of secondary pollution.
The desulfurization of the tower calcium method of list of the present invention turns the device of the multi-tower type ammonia process of desulfurization, includes absorption tower, oxidizing tower, gas-gas heat exchanger, deduster, absorbent recirculation pump, heavy liquor pump, oxidation cycle pump, cyclone, crystallisation by cooling groove, piece-rate system, drying system, booster fan, exhaust fan; Deduster, gas-gas heat exchanger, absorbent recirculation pump, heavy liquor pump, oxidation cycle pump, cyclone, booster fan are all the equipment having utilized in the desulfurization of original calcium method, and protocalcium method desulfurizing tower is used as oxidizing tower; Its top, absorption tower is provided with shower nozzle, and bottom is connected with top, absorption tower shower nozzle, oxidizing tower top shower nozzle respectively through absorbent recirculation pump by pipeline.
It is as follows that the desulfurization of the tower calcium method of list of the present invention turns the technological process of the double-tower type ammonia process of desulfurization:
A. first flue gas enter deduster by entering mouth, enter again gas-gas heat exchanger, after flue gas is lowered the temperature, through booster fan, introducing absorption tower contacts with the absorption liquid spraying by shower nozzle, sulfur dioxide in flue gas and the ammoniacal liquor in absorption liquid and sulfurous acid ammonia generation chemical reaction, generate ammonium sulfite and ammonium bisulfite etc. and be dissolved in absorption liquid, flue gas is by preliminary purification like this; Then, by absorption tower exhaust opening, by flue, enter oxidizing tower, sulfur dioxide of flue gases continues to occur chemical reaction with ammoniacal liquor or ammonium sulfite in the absorption liquid being ejected, flue gas is by smart desulfurization like this, after the demister demist in oxidizing tower, through exhaust fan, blast after gas gas interchanger heats up and discharged by chimney.
B. absorption liquid is from the shower nozzle spray on top, absorption tower, arrive bottom, absorption tower, then be absorbed circulating pump and be transported to respectively the shower nozzle of absorption tower internal upper part and the shower nozzle of oxidizing tower internal upper part, absorption liquid arrives bottom, absorption tower and oxidizing tower bottom from shower nozzle spray, and the ammonium bisulfite in absorption liquid is met ammoniacal liquor and is reduced into ammonium sulfite; In oxidizing tower, ammonium sulfite and gas distributor oxygen reaction out generates ammonium sulfate; The shower nozzle Sprayer Circulation that the absorption liquid of oxidizing tower bottom is transported to oxidizing tower internal upper part through oxidation cycle pump is used; The absorption liquid of oxidizing tower bottommost is sent into cyclone through heavy liquor pump, and overflow water flows in oxidizing tower, and magma part enters piece-rate system by cyclone bottom, and the filtrate after separation enters in oxidizing tower, and solid particle is partly sent into drying system, is processed into ammonium sulfate fertilizer.
Described piece-rate system comprises condensing crystallizing groove and filter, and filter has utilized original equipment.
Described piece-rate system is seperator.
Because the present invention designs, adopted technique scheme, effectively solved that steel construction undercapacity, layer height that the desulfurization of single tower calcium method turns desulfurizing tower in the calcium method desulfurizing tower transformation that the double-tower type ammonia process of desulfurization exists are not enough, anticorrosive coat is difficult to repair and the not high heat-proof problem of anti-corrosion material.It compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
I. the desulfurization of calcium method turns the ammonia process of desulfurization, has eliminated secondary pollution, has improved environment protecting.
Ii. utilize original calcium method desulfurizing tower, circulating pump, heavy liquor pump, cyclone, piece-rate system, booster fan etc., reduced cost;
Iii. increase absorption tower, avoid problem in the separate zone stimulation of desulfurizing tower, the problem includes: height is not enough, anticorrosive coat is difficult to repair and the problem of steel construction undercapacity;
Iv. adopt gas-gas heat exchanger, effectively reduce the temperature of flue gas, desulfurizing tower need not increase the resistance to high hot material of inwall can be used, thereby reduces improvement cost; The temperature that simultaneously adds hot exhaust gases;
V. crystallisation by cooling groove improves ammonium sulfate size and concentration, reaches the object of utilizing filter, has saved equipment cost.
Vi. utilize booster fan, exhaust fan, make the design height on absorption tower unrestricted, increased the desulfurization amount on absorption tower, meet the needs of big-and-middle-sized coal-burning boiler desulfurization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure and the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of device combination schematic diagram of piece-rate system in the present invention.
Mark in figure: 1-flue gas, 2-deduster, 3-gas-gas heat exchanger, 4-booster fan, 5-absorption tower, 6-oxidizing tower, 7-cyclone, 8-piece-rate system, 9-drying system, 10-absorbent recirculation pump, 11-oxidation cycle pump, 12-heavy liquor pump, 13-fresh water (FW), 14-air or high concentration oxygen, 15-exhaust fan, 16-chimney, ammoniacal liquor-17, ammonium sulfate fertilizer-18, gas distributor-601, demister-602; 801-condensing crystallizing groove, 802-filter.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, include deduster (2), gas-gas heat exchanger (3), booster fan (4), absorption tower (5), oxidizing tower (6), cyclone (7), piece-rate system (8), drying system (9), absorbent recirculation pump (10), oxidation cycle pump (11), heavy liquor pump (12), exhaust fan (15), chimney (16); Oxidizing tower (6) has utilized calcium method desulfurizing tower, and deduster (2), gas-gas heat exchanger (3), booster fan (4), cyclone (7), absorbent recirculation pump (10), oxidation cycle pump (11), heavy liquor pump (12) are all the equipment having utilized in the desulfurization of original calcium method; Its top, absorption tower (5) is provided with shower nozzle, and bottom is connected with top, absorption tower shower nozzle, oxidizing tower top shower nozzle respectively through absorbent recirculation pump (10) by pipeline.Gas distributor (601) is positioned at oxidizing tower (6) inner bottom part, and demister (602) is positioned at oxidizing tower (6) internal upper part, is all the device in original calcium method desulfurizing tower.
It is as follows that the desulfurization of the tower calcium method of list of the present invention turns the technological process of the double-tower type ammonia process of desulfurization:
A. flue gas (1) first enters deduster (2), enter again gas-gas heat exchanger (3), after flue gas (1) is lowered the temperature, through booster fan (4), introducing absorption tower (5) contacts with the absorption liquid spraying by shower nozzle, sulfur dioxide in flue gas (1) and the ammoniacal liquor in absorption liquid and sulfurous acid ammonia generation chemical reaction, generate ammonium sulfite and ammonium bisulfite etc. and be dissolved in absorption liquid, flue gas (1) is by preliminary purification like this; Then by absorption tower (5), by flue, enter oxidizing tower (6), in flue gas (1), sulfur dioxide continues to occur chemical reaction with ammoniacal liquor or ammonium sulfite in the absorption liquid being ejected, flue gas (1) is by smart desulfurization like this, after demister (602) demist in oxidizing tower (6), through exhaust fan (15), blast gas gas interchanger (3), flue gas is discharged by chimney (16) after heating up.The use of booster fan (4) and exhaust fan (15), make the exhaust opening on absorption tower (5) higher than system energy works fine in the situation of entering mouth of oxidizing tower (6), greatly increase height and the volume on absorption tower (5), thereby improved the gas cleaning ability of whole system.Demister in simultaneous oxidation tower efficiently solves smog problem, and aerosol is also had to good effect.By adjusting pH value, the degree of oxidation of absorption liquid, solve aerocolloidal problem completely.
B. the shower nozzle on absorption liquid (5) top from absorption tower sprays, arrive bottom, absorption tower, then be absorbed circulating pump (10) and be transported to respectively superposed shower nozzle and the interior superposed orlop shower nozzle of oxidizing tower (6) in absorption tower (5), absorption liquid arrives bottom, absorption tower (5) and oxidizing tower (6) bottom from shower nozzle spray, and the ammonium bisulfite in absorption liquid is met ammoniacal liquor and is reduced into ammonium sulfite; In oxidizing tower (6), ammonium sulfite and gas distributor (601) oxygen reaction out generates ammonium sulfate; The shower nozzle Sprayer Circulation that the absorption liquid of oxidizing tower (6) bottom is transported to oxidizing tower internal upper part through oxidation cycle pump (11) is used; The absorption liquid of oxidizing tower (6) bottommost enters cyclone (7) through heavy liquor pump (12), overflow water flows in oxidizing tower (6), magma part enters piece-rate system (8) by cyclone (7) bottom, filtrate after separation enters in oxidizing tower (6), solid particle is partly sent into drying system (9), is finally processed into ammonium sulfate fertilizer (18).
C. ammoniacal liquor (17) supplements by liquid supplementation pipe shower nozzle spray in tower.
D. fresh water (FW) (13) supplements by the shower nozzle of the Ta Nei the superiors.
E. the gas distributor (601) that air or hyperoxia gas (14) are transported to oxidizing tower (6) bottom enters in oxidizing tower (6), and in hyperoxia gas, the volume content of oxygen is at 22%--100%.