CN108780172A - Polarizing film - Google Patents

Polarizing film Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108780172A
CN108780172A CN201680083155.3A CN201680083155A CN108780172A CN 108780172 A CN108780172 A CN 108780172A CN 201680083155 A CN201680083155 A CN 201680083155A CN 108780172 A CN108780172 A CN 108780172A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
base material
resin base
polyester resin
polarizing film
polarizing
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Granted
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CN201680083155.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108780172B (en
Inventor
滨本大介
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Nitto Denko Corp
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Nitto Denko Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00634Production of filters
    • B29D11/00644Production of filters polarizing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/04Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
    • B29C55/06Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/0073Optical laminates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00865Applying coatings; tinting; colouring
    • B29D11/00894Applying coatings; tinting; colouring colouring or tinting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D129/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D129/02Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C09D129/04Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30Polarising elements

Abstract

The present invention provides polarizing film that a kind of state that resin base material can be laminated on polarizing film directly uses, improving durability.The polarizing film of the present invention has polyester resin base material and polarizing coating, it is 10 μm or less that the polarizing film, which is stacked in the side of the polyester resin base material and thickness, wherein, crystallinity by the calculated polyester resin base material of decaying total reflection spectral photometry is 0.55~0.80, and the boric acid concentration in the polarizing coating is 10 weight of weight %~20 %.

Description

Polarizing film
Technical field
The present invention relates to polarizing films.
Background technology
It proposes one kind and forming polyvinyl alcohol resin layer on resin base material, which is stretched, is dyed, from And obtain the method (for example, patent document 1) of polarizing coating.According to such method, the thin polarizing coating of thickness can be obtained, therefore Such as it can help to the slimming of image display device and attract attention.
Above-mentioned polarizing coating can directly use (patent document 2) with the state for being laminated in above-mentioned resin base material.However, at this It in the embodiment of sample, is cracked on polarizing film sometimes, therefore it is required that improving durability.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1:Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2000-338329 bulletins
Patent document 2:No. 4979833 bulletins of Japanese Patent No.
Invention content
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present invention was completed to solve the above problem, and main purpose is to provide one kind can be with polarizing film It is laminated on polarizing film that the state of resin base material directly uses, improving durability.
The method used for solving the problem
A kind of polarizing film can be provided according to the present invention, with polyester resin base material and polarizing coating, the polarizing film It is 10 μm or less to be stacked in the side of the polyester resin base material and thickness.In the polarizing film of the present invention, it is totally reflected by decaying Light splitting (ATR) measures and the crystallinity of the calculated polyester resin base material is 0.55~0.80, the boric acid in the polarizing coating A concentration of 10 weight weight of %~20 %.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned polyester resin is polyethylene terephthalate or its copolymer.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned polarizing film is stacked in the side of above-mentioned polyester resin base material and does not press from both sides every bonding Layer.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned polarizing film is in above-mentioned polarizing coating and the above-mentioned polyester resin substrate side phase of stacking Anti- side does not have protective film.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned polarizing film has easy between above-mentioned polyester resin base material and above-mentioned polarizing coating Adhesive linkage.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of manufacturing method of above-mentioned polarizing film can be provided.The manufacturing method includes: Polyvinyl alcohol resin film is formed on polyester resin base material and makes laminated body;The laminated body is stretched;It is poly- to this Vinyl alcohol resin film is dyed;And the polyester resin base material is made to crystallize.
The effect of invention
According to the present invention, for the laminated body for being formed with polyvinyl alcohol resin film on resin base material stretch and For polarizing film obtained from dyeing, it is adjusted to specific by the boric acid concentration in the crystallinity and polarizing coating by the resin base material In range, it can obtain capable of being laminated on the polarizing film for the excellent in te pins of durability that the state of resin base material directly uses with polarizing film.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a) and (b) be respectively an embodiment of the invention polarizing film constructed profile.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited by these embodiments.
A. polarizing film
There is the polarizing film of the present invention polyester resin base material and polarizing coating, the polarizing film to be stacked in the polyester resin The side of base material and thickness are 10 μm or less.Fig. 1 (a) is the constructed profile of the polarizing film of an embodiment of the invention. There is polarizing film 10a polyester resin base material 11 and polarizing coating 12, the polarizing coating 12 to be sealed at the polyester resin base material 11 One side (in other words, not pressing from both sides every adhesive linkage) and be laminated.Fig. 1 (b) is showing for the polarizing film of another embodiment of the invention Meaning sectional view.Polarizing film 10b further has protective film 13.Protective film 13 configuration polarizing coating 12 with configured with polyesters tree The opposite side in 11 side of aliphatic radical material.Protective film 13 can be laminated in polarizing coating 12 across adhesive linkage, its can also be made closely sealed (not Folder is every adhesive linkage) and be laminated.In polarizing film 10a, 10b, polyester resin base material 11 can be used as protective film and function.? In the present invention, the resin base material that when stretching and dyeing in polarizing coating manufacturing process uses can play a role as protective film and It is not stripped, even only having the structure (structure of Fig. 1 (a)) of the resin base material (protective film) in polarizing coating unilateral side, also can Enough inhibit the generation of crackle.It should be noted that polarizing film 10a, 10b can polyester resin base material 11 and polarizing coating 12 it Between have adhesive layer (not shown).
Generally, for polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter sometimes referred to as " PVA ") resin film will be formed on resin base material Laminated body stretched and dyed obtained from for polarizing film, due to the relaxation of orientation stress, generate shrinkage stress etc. and Change in size occurs on resin base material and PVA resin films.It, can be at this point, the size changing amount due to the two is different Its interface generates strain, can speculate the generation that can lead to crackle.For this point, in the present invention, using with specific model The polyester resin base material for the crystallinity enclosed is adjusted to particular range as resin base material, and by the boric acid concentration in polarizing coating It is interior.As a result, in the absorption axis direction of polarizing coating and the two directions of the direction orthogonal with the direction, the size of resin base material becomes Change amount reaches balanced with the size changing amount of polarizing coating, therefore is not easy to generate strain in resin base material/polarization membrane interface, and The strain of generation can disperse to both direction.As a result, the generation of crackle can be inhibited.It should be noted that in this specification In, " orthogonal direction " include 90 ° ± 5.0 ° the case where, preferably 90 ° ± 3.0 °, more preferably 90 ° ± 1.0 °.In addition, " flat The case where capable direction " includes 0 ° ± 5.0 °, preferably 0 ° ± 3.0 °, more preferably 0 ° ± 1.0 °.
A-1. polarizing coating
Above-mentioned polarizing coating is substantially the PVA resin films that gas absorption quantity has occurred in iodine.The thickness of polarizing coating be 10 μm with Under, preferably 7.5 μm hereinafter, more preferably 5 μm or less.On the other hand, the thickness of polarizing coating is preferably 0.5 μm or more, more excellent It is selected as 1.5 μm or more.When thickness is excessively thin, the hidden danger of the optical characteristics reduction of the polarizing coating existed.Polarizing coating preferably exists Any wavelength of wavelength 380nm~780nm shows absorption dichroism.The monomer transmissivity of polarizing coating be preferably 40.0% with On, more preferably 41.0% or more, further preferably 42.0% or more.The degree of polarization of polarizing coating is preferably 99.8% or more, More preferably 99.9% or more, further preferably 99.95% or more.
As the PVA resinoids for forming above-mentioned PVA resin films, resin arbitrary and appropriate may be used.It can enumerate Such as:Polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.Polyvinyl acetate can be carried out saponification and obtained by polyvinyl alcohol.Ethylene- Vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer can be carried out saponification and obtained by ethenol copolymer.The saponification degree of PVA resinoids is usually 85 Mole %~100 mole %, preferably 95.0 moles of %~99.95 mole %, more preferably 99.0 moles of %~99.93 are rubbed You are %.Saponification degree can be found out according to JIS K 6726-1994.By using the PVA resinoids of such saponification degree, can be obtained resistance to The excellent polarizing coating of long property.When saponification degree is excessively high, there are the hidden danger of gelation.
The average degree of polymerization of PVA resinoids can suitably be selected according to purpose.Average degree of polymerization is usually 1000~ 10000, preferably 1200~4500, more preferably 1500~4300.It should be noted that average degree of polymerization can be according to JIS K 6726-1994 is found out.
Above-mentioned polarizing coating contains boric acid.Boric acid concentration in polarizing coating is the 10 weight % of weight %~20, preferably 12 weights Measure the weight of %~19 %.Boric acid concentration in the range when, can make on absorption axiss direction and the direction orthogonal with the direction Polarizing coating size changing rate is approximately to be worth with polyester resin substrate sizes change rate, and can prevent from absorbing in axis direction Polarizing coating on the difference of the polarizing coating size changing rate and polyester resin substrate sizes change rate direction more orthogonal than with absorption axiss The big situation about obtaining excessively of the difference of size changing rate and polyester resin substrate sizes change rate.Boric acid concentration in polarizing coating can lead to Cross following manner adjustment:For example, changing in the manufacturing method of aftermentioned polarizing film in stretch bath, insoluble bath, crosslinking bath etc. Boric acid concentration, change dip time etc. in these baths.It should be noted that boric acid concentration (weight %) example in polarizing coating It can such as use according to decaying total reflection (ATR) spectral photometry and calculated boric acid volume index determines.
(boric acid volume index)=(boric acid peak 665cm-1Intensity)/(control peak 2941cm-1Intensity)
(boric acid concentration)=(boric acid volume index) × 5.54+4.1
Here, " 5.54 " and " 4.1 " are that the fluorescent X-ray intensity of sample known to boric acid concentration is measured and is made The constant obtained at calibration curve.
A-2. polyester resin base material
As the forming material of above-mentioned polyester resin, can be used for example:Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) gathers Mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) include containing M-phthalic acid, cyclohexane ring etc. The alicyclic dicarboxylic acid or copolymerization PET (PET-G) of alicyclic diol etc., other polyester and their copolymer, co-blended Object etc..Wherein, it is preferable to use PET or copolymerization PET.According to these resins, in an unstretched state for amorphism and with suitable The excellent draftability that high magnification stretches, is crystallized by stretching, heating, so as to assign heat resistance and dimensional stability.Separately Outside, it can be ensured that the heat resistance of degree that PVA resinoids can be coated in an unstretched state and made it dry.
The glass transition temperature (Tg) of polyester resin base material is preferably 170 DEG C or less.By using such resin Base material can inhibit PVA resin films to crystallize, and substantially ensure draftability.In view of being smoothed out the resin based on water Base material is plasticized and is stretched in aqueous solution, more preferably 120 DEG C or less.In one embodiment, the glass of polyester resin base material Glass transition temperature is preferably 60 DEG C or more.By using such polyester resin base material, containing PVA class trees to aftermentioned When the coating fluid of fat is coated, dries, polyester resin substrate deformation (for example, generating concave-convex, sagging, fold etc.) can be prevented A problem that.Furthermore it is possible to be stretched to laminated body at temperature appropriate (such as 60 DEG C~70 DEG C or so).Another In a embodiment, when the coating fluid containing PVA resinoids is coated, is dried, as long as polyester resin base material is constant Shape can also be less than 60 DEG C of glass transition temperature.It should be noted that glass transition temperature (Tg) is according to JIS The value that K 7121 is found out.
In one embodiment, the water absorption rate of polyester resin base material is preferably 0.2% or more, and more preferably 0.3% More than.Such polyester resin base material absorbs water, and water can play the effect of plasticizer, is plasticized.As a result, water-soluble Tensile stress can be made to be greatly reduced in being stretched in liquid, draftability can be made excellent.On the other hand, the water absorption rate of polyester resin base material Preferably 3.0% hereinafter, more preferably 1.0% or less.By using such polyester resin base material, can prevent during fabrication A problem that degraded appearance for the laminated body that the dimensional stability of polyester resin base material is remarkably decreased, obtains.In addition, in water It can prevent fracture, PVA resin films from being removed from polyester resin base material when being stretched in solution.It should be noted that water absorption rate It is the value found out according to JIS K 7209.
The thickness of polyester resin base material is preferably 10 μm~200 μm, more preferably 20 μm~150 μm.
By decay be totally reflected the crystallinity of calculated polyester resin base material by light splitting (ATR) measures be 0.55~ 0.80, preferably 0.58~0.80, more preferably 0.60~0.75.When the crystallinity of polyester resin base material is within the scope of this, Can make polyester resin substrate sizes change rate in the absorption axis direction and the direction orthogonal with the direction of polarizing coating be with Polarizing coating size changing rate is approximately worth, and can prevent from absorbing the polarizing coating size changing rate and polyester resin in axis direction Polarizing coating size changing rate on the difference of the substrate sizes change rate direction more orthogonal than with absorption axiss and polyester resin base material ruler The big situation about obtaining excessively of difference of very little change rate.The crystallinity of polyester resin base material for example can be by changing heating when crystallizing Temperature and/or heating time adjust.It should be noted that the crystallinity of above-mentioned polyester resin base material can be based on following formula meter It calculates.
(crystallinity)=(peak crystallization 1340cm-1Intensity)/(control peak 1410cm-1Intensity)
A-3. protective film
The forming material of said protection film can be enumerated for example:(methyl) acrylic resin, cellulose diacetate, three Olefine kind resins, the polyethylene terephthalates such as the cellulosic resins such as cellulose acetate, cyclenes hydrocarbon resins, polypropylene The esters resins such as resinoid, polyamide-based resin, polycarbonate resin, their copolymer resin etc..The thickness of protective film Preferably 10 μm~100 μm.
A-4. adhesive layer
Adhesive layer can substantially only be formed by layer with constituent by adhesive layer formation, can also be easy bonding Layer formation constituent mixes layer or region made of (including compatible) with the forming material of polarizing coating.By foring easy bonding Layer, can obtain excellent adaptation.The thickness of adhesive layer is preferably set to 0.05 μm~1 μm or so.Adhesive layer for example may be used To be confirmed by observing the section of polarizing film with scanning electron microscope (SEM).About adhesive layer formation constituent, It is described in detail in B.
A-5. adhesive linkage
Adhesive linkage can be formed by any suitable bonding agent or adhesive.Representative adhesive phase is glued by acrylic compounds Mixture is formed.Representative adhesive layer is formed by vinyl alcohol bonding agent.
B. the manufacturing method of polarizing film
The manufacturing method of the polarizing film of the representative present invention includes:PVA resinoids are formed on polyester resin base material Film and make laminated body;The laminated body is stretched;The PVA resin films are dyed;And make the polyester resin Base material crystallizes.
B-1. the making of laminated body
As the method for forming PVA resin films on polyester resin base material, any suitable method can be used.It is preferred that PVA resin films are formed by being coated with the coating fluid containing PVA resinoids on polyester resin base material and making it dry.? In one embodiment, it is coated with adhesive layer formation constituent on polyester resin base material and makes it dry, to be formed Adhesive layer, and PVA resin films are formed in the adhesive layer.
The forming material of above-mentioned polyester resin base material is as described above.Thickness (the aftermentioned stretching of polyester resin base material Preceding thickness) it is preferably 20 μm~300 μm, more preferably 50 μm~200 μm.When less than 20 μm, exists and be difficult to be formed PVA class trees The hidden danger of adipose membrane.When more than 300 μm, such as in aqueous solution in stretching, needed for a long time there are polyester resin base material to inhale It receives water and stretches the hidden danger for needing excessive load.It should be noted that for making polyester resin base material when laminated body Calculated crystallinity for example can be 0.20~0.50 by decaying is totally reflected (ATR) spectral photometry.
Representative above-mentioned coating fluid is that above-mentioned PVA resinoids is made to be dissolved in solution obtained from solvent.It, can as solvent To enumerate for example:Water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide, dimethylacetylamide, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, various glycols, The amines such as the polyalcohols such as trimethylolpropane, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamines.These solvents can be used alone or group Close two or more uses.Wherein, preferably water.Relative to 100 parts by weight of solvent, the PVA resinoid concentration of solution is preferably 3 weights Measure the parts by weight of part~20.The even spread for being sealed at polyester resin base material can be formed as long as such resin concentration Film.
Additive can be coordinated in coating fluid.Additive can be enumerated such as plasticizer, surfactant.As plasticising Agent can enumerate the polyalcohol such as ethylene glycol, glycerine.As surfactant, such as non-ionic surface work can be enumerated Property agent.Can in order to the uniformity of the PVA resin films further increased, dyeability, draftability and use these addition Agent.In addition, as additive, for example easy bonding composition can be enumerated.By using easy bonding composition, polyester resin can be improved The adaptation of base material and PVA resin films.As a result, can inhibit the bad feelings such as PVA resin films are peeled off from base material Condition can carry out stretching in aftermentioned dyeing, aqueous solution well.As easy bonding composition, such as acetoacetyl can be used The modified PVAs such as modified PVA.
As the coating method of coating fluid, any suitable method can be used.It can enumerate for example:Rolling method, spin-coating method, Bar rubbing method, dip coating, die coating method, curtain type rubbing method, spray coating method, scraper for coating method (unfilled corner wheel rubbing method etc.) etc..
The temperature that is coated and dried of coating fluid is preferably 50 DEG C or more.
The thickness (thickness before aftermentioned stretching) of above-mentioned PVA resin films is preferably 3 μm~20 μm.
Before forming PVA resin films, the implementation of polyester resin base material can be surface-treated (such as sided corona treatment Deng), (coating treatment) adhesive layer formation constituent can also be coated on polyester resin base material.By progress as Processing, can improve the adaptation of polyester resin base material and PVA resin films.As a result, such as PVA classes tree can be inhibited A problem that adipose membrane is peeled off from base material can carry out aftermentioned dyeing and stretching well.
Adhesive layer formation preferably comprises polyvinyl alcohol constituents with constituent.As polyvinyl alcohol constituents, can be used Any suitable PVA resinoids.It can specifically enumerate:Polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinylalcohol.It, can be with as modified polyvinylalcohol Enumerate the polyvinyl alcohol being for example modified by acetoacetyl, carboxylic acid group, acrylic and/or carbamate groups. Wherein, it is preferable to use acetoacetyl modified PVA.As acetoacetyl modified PVA, it is preferable to use at least having the following general formula (I) polymer of repetitive unit shown in.
[chemical formula 1]
In above-mentioned formula (I), n is preferably 1%~10% relative to the ratio of l+m+n.
The average degree of polymerization of acetoacetyl modified PVA is preferably 1000~10000, and more preferably 1200~5000.Second The saponification degree of acyl acetyl group modified PVA is preferably 97 moles of % or more.The 4 weight % aqueous solutions of acetoacetyl modified PVA PH value is preferably 3.5~5.5.It should be noted that average degree of polymerization and saponification degree can be found out according to JIS K 6726-1994.
Adhesive layer formation constituent can according to purpose etc. and further contain polyolefins ingredient, polyester constituents, Polyacrylic acid constituents etc..Adhesive layer formation constituent preferably further contains polyolefins ingredient.
As said polyolefins constituents, any suitable polyolefin resin can be used.As polyolefin resin The olefinic component of principal component can be enumerated for example:The carbon atom numbers such as ethylene, propylene, isobutene, 1- butylene, 1- amylenes, 1- hexenes 2~6 olefines hydrocarbon.These ingredients can be used alone, or can be used in combination of two or more.Wherein, it is preferable to use second The olefines hydrocarbon of the carbon atom numbers 2~4 such as alkene, propylene, isobutene, 1- butylene more preferably uses ethylene.
In the monomer component for constituting said polyolefins resinoid, olefinic component proportion is preferably 50 weight %~95 Weight %.
Said polyolefins resinoid preferably has carboxyl and/or its anhydride group.Such polyolefin resin is dispersed among In water, adhesive layer can be formed well.As the monomer component with such functional group, can enumerate for example:Insatiable hunger With carboxylic acid and its acid anhydrides, the half ester of unsaturated dicarboxylic, half amide.It is sub as its concrete example, it can enumerate:Acrylic acid, methyl Acrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid.
The molecular weight of polyolefin resin is, for example, 5000~80000.
In adhesive layer formation constituent, the match ratio of polyvinyl alcohol constituents and polyolefins ingredient (the former: after Person's (solid constituent)) it is preferably 5: 95~60: 40, more preferably 20: 80~50: 50.When polyvinyl alcohol constituents are excessive, exist It is unable to fully obtain the hidden danger of adaptation.Specifically, required peeling force reduces when removing polarizing coating from resin base material, In the presence of the hidden danger that can not obtain sufficient adaptation.On the other hand, when polyvinyl alcohol constituents are very few, the polarizing film that exists Appearance damage hidden danger.Specifically, a problem that coated film gonorrhoea occurs when forming adhesive layer, exists and is difficult to To the hidden danger of the polarizing film of excellent appearance.
Adhesive layer formation is preferably aqueous with constituent.Adhesive layer, which forms constituent, can contain organic solvent.As Organic solvent can be enumerated such as ethyl alcohol, isopropanol.The solid component concentration of adhesive layer formation constituent is preferably 1.0 weight of weight %~10 %.
As the coating method of adhesive layer formation constituent, any suitable method may be used.It is easy to stick being coated with After connecing layer formation constituent, coated film can be dried.Drying temperature is, for example, 50 DEG C or more.
B-2. it stretches
As the drawing process of laminated body, any suitable method may be used.Specifically, can be that fixing end stretches (for example, using the method for tentering stretching-machine) can also be that free end stretches (for example, laminated body is made to pass through peripheral speed difference Roller between and the method that carries out simple tension).Furthermore it is possible to be simultaneously bi-directionally to stretch (for example, using simultaneously bi-directionally stretching-machine Method), can also be gradually biaxial tension.The stretching of laminated body can be carried out with a step, can also multistep progress.Multistep carries out When, the stretching ratio (maximum tension multiplying power) of aftermentioned laminated body is the product of each step stretching ratio.
Stretch processing can be that laminated body is made to be impregnated in stretching mode in the aqueous solution carried out in stretch bath, can also be gas Stretching mode in body atmosphere.In one embodiment, at least implement stretch processing in 1 aqueous solution, it preferably will be in aqueous solution Stretch processing is combined with stretch processing in atmosphere.It, can be less than above-mentioned polyester resin base by being stretched in aqueous solution Material, PVA resin films glass transition temperature (being typically 80 DEG C or so) at a temperature of stretched, can inhibit PVA resin films stretch its high magnification while crystallization.As a result, can manufacture with the inclined of excellent polarization characteristic Vibrating diaphragm.
As the draw direction of laminated body, any suitable direction can be selected.In one embodiment, along strip The length direction of laminated body stretches.Specifically, laminated body is transported along its length, and stretched along its carriage direction (MD). In another embodiment, it is stretched along the width direction of strip laminated body.Specifically, along its length by laminated body It transports, and is stretched along the direction (TD) orthogonal with its carriage direction (MD).
The draft temperature of laminated body can be set as arbitrary according to forming material, stretching mode of polyester resin base material etc. Value appropriate.When using stretching mode in atmosphere, draft temperature is preferably the glass transition of polyester resin base material It is more than temperature (Tg), more preferably+10 DEG C of the glass transition temperature (Tg) or more of polyester resin base material, particularly preferably Tg + 15 DEG C or more.On the other hand, the draft temperature of laminated body is preferably 170 DEG C or less.By stretching at such temperatures, energy Enough inhibit PVA resinoids crystallization rapid progress, can inhibit caused by the crystallization unfavorable condition (for example, interfere by The orientation for the PVA resin films that tension belt comes).
When using stretching mode in aqueous solution as stretching mode, the fluid temperature of stretch bath is preferably 40 DEG C~85 DEG C, more preferably 50 DEG C~85 DEG C.As long as being such temperature, so that it may to inhibit the dissolving of PVA resin films, and be stretched to High magnification.Specifically, as mentioned above due to the relationship that forms PVA resin films, the vitrifying of polyester resin base material turns Temperature (Tg) is preferably 60 DEG C or more.In this case, when draft temperature is less than 40 DEG C, even if considering to carry out polyester using water The plasticising of resinoid base material, there is also the hidden danger that can not be stretched well.On the other hand, the temperature of stretch bath is higher, PVA The dissolubility of resin film is higher, there is the hidden danger that can not obtain excellent polarization characteristic.
When using stretching mode in aqueous solution, so that laminated body is impregnated in boric acid aqueous solution and stretched (boric acid It is stretched in aqueous solution).By using boric acid aqueous solution as stretch bath, PVA resin films can be assigned and be resistant to stretch When the rigidity of tension that the is applied and water resistance for being not dissolved in water.Specifically, boric acid can generate four hydroxyls in aqueous solution Ylboronic acid anion is crosslinked by hydrogen bond and PVA resinoids.As a result, it is rigid and water-fast to assign PVA resin films Property, it is stretched well, the polarizing coating with excellent polarization characteristic can be made.
Above-mentioned boric acid aqueous solution is preferably obtained by making boric acid and/or borate be dissolved in as in the water of solvent.Phase For 100 parts by weight of water, boric acid concentration is preferably the parts by weight of 1 parts by weight~10.By making boric acid concentration be 1 parts by weight or more, The dissolving of PVA resin films can be effectively inhibited, the polarizing coating of higher characteristic can be made.It should be noted that in addition to boric acid Or other than borate, it can also use obtained from the boron-containing compounds such as borax, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde etc. are dissolved in solvent Aqueous solution.
It is preferred that coordinating iodide in above-mentioned stretch bath (boric acid aqueous solution).By coordinating iodide, can inhibit to have inhaled Invest the dissolution of the iodine of PVA resin films.As iodide, can enumerate for example:Potassium iodide, lithium iodide, sodium iodide, iodate Zinc, silver iodide, lead iodide, cupric iodide, barium iodide, calcium iodide, stannic iodide, titanium iodide etc..Wherein, preferably potassium iodide.Relatively In 100 parts by weight of water, the concentration of iodide is preferably the parts by weight of 0.05 parts by weight~15, the weight of more preferably 0.5 parts by weight~8 Part.
Dip time of the laminated body in stretch bath is preferably 15 seconds~5 minutes.Stretch processing preferably exists in aqueous solution It is carried out after dyeing processing.
Original relative to laminated body is long, and the stretching ratio (maximum tension multiplying power) of laminated body is preferably 4.0 times or more, more excellent It is selected as 5.0 times or more.Such high stretching ratio (can for example be drawn by using stretching mode in aqueous solution in boric acid aqueous solution Stretch) it realizes.It should be noted that in the present specification, " maximum tension multiplying power " refers to the stretching before laminated body will be broken Multiplying power is the stretching ratio that separately confirmation laminated body is broken and lower than the value 0.2 value.
B-3. it dyes
The dyeing of representative PVA resin films is carried out by making iodine be adsorbed in PVA resin films.As the absorption side Method can be enumerated for example:Make method that PVA resin films (laminated body) are impregnated in the dyeing liquor containing iodine, apply the dyeing liquor Spread on the method for PVA resin films and the method etc. for the dyeing liquor of spraying to PVA resin films.Preferably make PVA resinoids Film (laminated body) is impregnated in the method in dyeing liquor.This is because can be with good adsorption iodine.
Above-mentioned dyeing liquor is preferably iodine aqueous solution.Relative to 100 parts by weight of water, the use level of iodine is preferably 0.1 parts by weight ~0.5 parts by weight.In order to improve solubility of the iodine for water, iodide are preferably coordinated in iodine aqueous solution.As iodide Specific example, as described above.Relative to 100 parts by weight of water, the use levels of iodide is preferably the parts by weight of 0.02 parts by weight~20, The parts by weight of more preferably 0.1 parts by weight~10.In order to inhibit the dissolving of PVA resinoids, fluid temperature of the dyeing liquor in dyeing Preferably 20 DEG C~50 DEG C.When making PVA resin films be impregnated in dyeing liquor, in order to ensure the transmissivity of PVA resin films, leaching The stain time is preferably 5 seconds~5 minutes.Furthermore it is possible to dyeing condition (concentration, fluid temperature, dip time) is set, So that the degree of polarization or monomer transmissivity of finally obtained polarizing coating are given range.When in one embodiment, to dipping Between set so that the degree of polarization of obtained polarizing coating be 99.98% or more.When in another embodiment, to dipping Between set so that the monomer transmissivity of obtained polarizing coating be 40%~44%.
Dyeing processing can carry out at any suitable moment.When being stretched in carrying out above-mentioned aqueous solution, preferably in aqueous solution It is carried out before middle stretching.
B-4. it crystallizes
The crystallization of polyester resin base material for example can be by heating polyester resin base material (being essentially laminated body) Come carry out.Crystallization is preferably carried out in the dyeing of PVA resin films and after stretching.
Representative heating temperature is the temperature of the glass transition temperature (Tg) more than polyester resin base material.Heating temperature Preferably 90 DEG C or more, more preferably 100 DEG C or more of degree.In addition, heating temperature is preferably 125 DEG C hereinafter, more preferably 120 DEG C Below.By heating at such temperatures, it is desired crystallinity that can make polyester resin base material.Heating time can root It is suitably set according to heating temperature etc..Heating time for example can be 3 seconds~2 minutes.
About above-mentioned crystallization, preferably to make the haze value of polyester resin base material be to be crystallized in a manner of 2% below Change.
B-5. other processing
Other than stretching and dyeing, above-mentioned PVA resin films (laminated body) can be appropriately carried out for being made partially The processing of vibrating diaphragm.As the processing for polarizing coating to be made, can enumerate for example:Insoluble processing, crosslinking Treatment, at cleaning Reason, drying process etc..It should be noted that these number of processing, sequence etc. are not particularly limited.
It is representative it is above-mentioned it is insoluble processing by by PVA resin films (laminated body) be impregnated in boric acid aqueous solution come into Row.By implementing insoluble processing, water resistance can be assigned to PVA resin films.Relative to 100 parts by weight of water, the boric acid water The concentration of solution is preferably the parts by weight of 1 parts by weight~4.The fluid temperature of insoluble bath (boric acid aqueous solution) is preferably 20 DEG C~50 ℃.Insoluble processing is stretched preferably in above-mentioned aqueous solution, is carried out before above-mentioned dyeing processing.
Representative above-mentioned crosslinking Treatment is carried out by the way that PVA resin films (laminated body) are impregnated in boric acid aqueous solution. By implementing crosslinking Treatment, water resistance can be assigned to PVA resin films.Relative to 100 parts by weight of water, the boric acid aqueous solution Concentration is preferably the parts by weight of 1 parts by weight~5.In addition, when carrying out crosslinking Treatment after above-mentioned dyeing processing, preferably further match Close iodide.By coordinating iodide, the dissolution for being adsorbed in the iodine of PVA resin films can be inhibited.Relative to 100 weight of water Part, the use levels of iodide is preferably the parts by weight of 1 parts by weight~5.The specific example of iodide is as described above.Crosslinking bath (boric acid Aqueous solution) fluid temperature be preferably 20 DEG C~60 DEG C.Crosslinking Treatment carries out before being stretched preferably in above-mentioned aqueous solution.Excellent In the embodiment of choosing, carries out stretching in atmosphere successively, dyes processing and crosslinking Treatment.
Representative above-mentioned cleaning treatment by by PVA resin films (laminated body) be impregnated in potassium iodide aqueous solution come into Row.The drying temperature of above-mentioned drying process is preferably 30 DEG C~100 DEG C.
As described above, by forming polarizing coating on polyester resin base material and polyester resin base material being made to crystallize, it can To obtain the polarizing film of the present invention.
C. the purposes of polarizing film
The polarizing film of the present invention can for example be equipped on liquid crystal display device.In this case, polarizing coating is preferably existed with configuration It is carried closer to the mode of liquid crystal cell side than polyester resin base material.Through this structure, polyesters tree can be excluded Influence of the phase difference that aliphatic radical material may have to the picture characteristics of obtained liquid crystal display device.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, the present invention is specifically described by embodiment, but the present invention and it is not limited to the examples restriction.It needs It is noted that the assay method of each characteristic is as described below.In addition, " part " and " % " in following Examples and Comparative Examples is respectively It indicates " parts by weight " and " weight % ".
《Thickness》
It is measured using digimatic micrometer (manufacture of Anritsu companies, ProductName " KC-351C ").
《Size changing rate》
By assigning starting point (starting points) to end, from the polarizing film obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples Remove polarizing coating and resin base material, by thermomechanical measuring device (TMA) for 10 DEG C/minute after 30 DEG C are warming up to 100 DEG C Size changing rate when further being maintained at 100 DEG C 60 minutes is determined.It should be noted that accompanying therebetween easily In the embodiment 6 of adhesive linkage, will from other than not forming adhesive layer similarly made of on polarizing film with same steps point From obtained from polarizing coating and resin base material, sample is for measuring, the change in size as polarizing coating and resin base material.
Size before size changing rate (%)=(size before size-heat treatment after heat treatment)/heat treatment ×100
《Crystallinity》
For the polyester resin base material obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer is used (FT-IR) (Perkin Elmer corporations, trade name " SPECTRUM2000 ") is totally reflected light splitting (ATR) measurement survey by decaying Peak crystallization (1340cm is gone out-1) intensity and control peak (1410cm-1) intensity.According to obtained crystallization peak intensity and control Peak intensity calculates crystallinity using following formula.
(crystallinity)=(peak crystallization 1340cm-1Intensity)/(control peak 1410cm-1Intensity)
《Glass transition temperature:Tg》
It is measured according to JIS K 7121.
《Boric acid concentration》
For the polarizing coating obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, use Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) (Perkin Elmer corporations, trade name " SPECTRUM2000 "), by being totally reflected using polarised light as the decaying for measuring light Light splitting (ATR) measures and determines boric acid peak (665cm-1) intensity and control peak (2941cm-1) intensity.According to what is obtained Boric acid peak intensity and control peak intensity calculate boric acid volume index using following formula, and further utilize following formula boron calculated Sour volume index determines boric acid concentration.
(boric acid volume index)=(boric acid peak value 665cm-1Intensity)/(control peak value 2941cm-1Intensity)
(boric acid concentration)=(boric acid volume index) × 5.54+4.1
《Crackle is evaluated》
By the polarizing film obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples across viscous in such a way that polyester resin base material is located at surface side Mixture fits in glass, heated 240 hours with 100 DEG C of baking ovens in this state.Confirm that whether there are cracks for the polarizing film after heating, And it is evaluated according to following benchmark.
It is good:It does not crack
It is bad:It cracks
[embodiment 1]
As resin base material, strip is used and water absorption rate 0.75%, Tg75 DEG C of amorphous M-phthalic acid is total Poly- polyethylene terephthalate (IPA is copolymerized PET) film (thickness:100μm).
After implementing sided corona treatment to the one side of resin base material, it is coated with 9: 1 ratio in the sided corona treatment face at 25 DEG C Contain polyvinyl alcohol (99.2 moles of degree of polymerization 4200, saponification degree %) and acetoacetyl modified PVA (degree of polymerization 1200, acetyl Acetyl group modification degree 4.6%, 99.0 moles of % or more of saponification degree, the Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd's manufacture, trade name " GOHSEFIMERTM Z200 ") aqueous solution and be dried, form the PVA resinoid layers of 11 μm of thickness.Thus it makes Laminated body.
The laminated body made in 120 DEG C of baking oven between the different roller of peripheral speed along longitudinal direction (length direction) from It is 1.8 times (assisting tensions in atmosphere) by end simple tension.
Then, the insoluble bath for laminated body being impregnated in 30 DEG C of fluid temperature (relative to 100 parts by weight of water, coordinates 4 weight Part boric acid obtained from boric acid aqueous solution) in 30 seconds (insoluble processing).
Then, be impregnated in 30 DEG C of fluid temperature dye bath (relative to 100 parts by weight of water, coordinate 0.2 parts by weight iodine, And coordinate 1.5 parts by weight potassium iodide obtained from iodine aqueous solution) in 60 seconds (dyeing processing).
Next, the crosslinking bath for being impregnated in 30 DEG C of fluid temperature (relative to 100 parts by weight of water, coordinates the iodate of 3 parts by weight Potassium simultaneously coordinate 3 parts by weight boric acid obtained from boric acid aqueous solution) in 30 seconds (crosslinking Treatment).
Then, the boric acid aqueous solution for laminated body being impregnated in 70 DEG C of fluid temperature (relative to 100 parts by weight of water, coordinates 3 weights Measure the boric acid of part and coordinate aqueous solution obtained from the potassium iodide of 5 parts by weight) in, and between the different roller of peripheral speed (length direction) carries out simple tension (being stretched in aqueous solution) along longitudinal direction so that total stretching ratio is 5.5 times.
Then, the cleaner bath for laminated body being impregnated in 30 DEG C of fluid temperature (relative to 100 parts by weight of water, coordinates 4 parts by weight Potassium iodide obtained from aqueous solution) (cleaning treatment).
Next, laminated body is put into 100 DEG C of baking ovens 30 seconds, resin base material is made to crystallize.
The polarizing film for the polarizing coating that 5 μm of thickness is laminated on resin base material has been obtained as a result,.
[embodiment 2]
Laminated body is put into 110 DEG C of baking ovens 30 seconds, so that resin base material is crystallized, in addition to this, similarly to Example 1 Ground has obtained polarizing film.
[embodiment 3]
Laminated body is put into 120 DEG C of baking ovens 30 seconds, so that resin base material is crystallized, in addition to this, similarly to Example 1 Ground has obtained polarizing film.
[embodiment 4]
Borate complex amount in stretch bath when being stretched in aqueous solution is set as 3.5 parts by weight, and laminated body is put into 110 30 seconds in DEG C baking oven, so that resin base material is crystallized, in addition to this, obtained polarizing film similarly to Example 1.
[embodiment 5]
Borate complex amount in stretch bath when being stretched in aqueous solution is set as 2.5 parts by weight, and laminated body is put into 110 30 seconds in DEG C baking oven, so that resin base material is crystallized, in addition to this, obtained polarizing film similarly to Example 1.
[embodiment 6]
One side by the following method in resin base material is provided with adhesive layer.
Sided corona treatment is implemented to the one side of resin base material, is coated with acetoacetyl modified PVA (days in the sided corona treatment face The manufacture of this synthetic chemical industry Co., Ltd., trade name " GOHSEFIMERTM Z200 ", the degree of polymerization 1200, saponification degree 99.0 rub You are % or more, acetoacetyl modified 4.0% aqueous solution spent 4.6%), modified polyolefin resin water-borne dispersions (Unitika Ltd. manufacture, trade name " ARROWBASESE1030N ", solid component concentration 22%) and pure water mix mixed liquor (Gu Body constituent concentration 4.0%) so that the thickness after dry is 2000nm, 3 minutes dry at 60 DEG C, forms adhesive layer.This In, the solid constituent match ratio of acetoacetyl modified PVA and improved polyalkene in mixed liquor are 30: 70.
Sided corona treatment is implemented to the adhesive layer surface, and forms PVA resinoid layers in the sided corona treatment face, except this with Outside, polarizing film has been obtained similarly to Example 1.
[comparative example 1]
Laminated body is put into 85 DEG C of baking ovens 30 seconds, so that resin base material is crystallized, in addition to this, similarly to Example 1 Ground has obtained polarizing film.
[comparative example 2]
Borate complex amount in stretch bath when being stretched in aqueous solution is set as 4.0 parts by weight, and laminated body is put into 110 30 seconds in DEG C baking oven, so that resin base material is crystallized, in addition to this, obtained polarizing film similarly to Example 1.
[comparative example 3]
Laminated body is put into 95 DEG C of baking ovens 30 seconds, so that resin base material is crystallized, in addition to this, similarly to Example 1 Ground has obtained polarizing film.
Each characteristic of the manufacturing conditions of polarizing film in Examples and Comparative Examples and obtained polarizing film is shown in table 1.It needs It is noted that the MD in table is the absorption axis direction of polarizer, TD be orthogonal with absorption axiss side to.
As shown in table 1, have the resin base material with specific crystallinity and meet the reality of the polarizing coating of specific boric acid concentration The polarizing film for applying example inhibits the generation of crackle.On the other hand, the polarizing film of comparative example produces crackle, it is known that durability is than real The polarizing film for applying example is poor.In addition, compared with the polarizing film of other embodiments or comparative example, the resin base of the polarizing film of embodiment 6 The excellent adhesion of material and polarizing coating (PVA resinoids layer), when moderately polarizing coating being prevented to manufacture, polarizing film processing (such as Punching) when polarizing coating (PVA resinoids layer) or resin base material occur it is undesirable stripping or float.
For the polarizing film of embodiment, it is suppressed that the Producing reason of crackle is presumed as follows.That is, in the inclined of embodiment It shakes in piece, difference (the resin base material change in size of resin base material size changing rate and polarizing coating size changing rate on the directions MD Rate-polarizing coating size changing rate) and resin base material size changing rate and polarizing coating size changing rate on the directions TD difference (tree Aliphatic radical material size changing rate-polarizing coating size changing rate) be size changing rate within 5%, and on the directions TD difference (absolute value) is and the approximate value of the difference (absolute value) of size changing rate on the directions MD (within ± 1.5%).Due to polarizing coating It is orientated to draw direction (MD), therefore there are mechanical properties tendencies weaker on the direction (TD) orthogonal with draw direction.Cause This be believed that by the difference (absolute value) that makes the size changing rate on the directions TD be and the directions MD on size changing rate difference (absolute value) is approximately worth, and strain will not be biased to the directions TD, it is suppressed that the generation of crackle.
Industrial applicibility
The polarizing film of the present invention is suitable for such as image display device.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of polarizing film, with polyester resin base material and polarizing coating, the polarizing film is stacked in the polyester resin base The side of material and thickness are 10 μm or less, wherein
Crystallinity by the calculated polyester resin base material of decaying total reflection spectral photometry is 0.55~0.80,
Boric acid concentration in the polarizing coating is 10 weight of weight %~20 %.
2. polarizing film according to claim 1, wherein the polyester resin be polyethylene terephthalate or its Copolymer.
3. polarizing film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarizing film is stacked in the polyester resin base material Side and do not press from both sides every adhesive linkage.
4. polarizing film described in any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein in the polarizing coating and the stacking polyester The opposite side of resinoid substrate side does not have protective film.
5. polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polyester resin base material with it is described partially There is adhesive layer between vibrating diaphragm.
6. the manufacturing method of polarizing film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, this method include:
Polyvinyl alcohol resin film is formed on polyester resin base material and makes laminated body;
The laminated body is stretched;
The polyvinyl alcohol resin film is dyed;And
The polyester resin base material is set to crystallize.
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