CN108777361B - Differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna - Google Patents

Differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna Download PDF

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CN108777361B
CN108777361B CN201810429972.0A CN201810429972A CN108777361B CN 108777361 B CN108777361 B CN 108777361B CN 201810429972 A CN201810429972 A CN 201810429972A CN 108777361 B CN108777361 B CN 108777361B
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dielectric resonator
dual
differential
conformal metal
mode
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CN108777361A (en
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唐慧
仝昌武
陈建新
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Nantong University Technology Transfer Center Co ltd
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Nantong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/10—Dielectric resonators
    • H01P7/105—Multimode resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas

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Abstract

The invention discloses a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna, which comprises: a reflective ground, dielectric resonator, conformal metal strap, probe, the dielectric resonator comprising: the metal strip comprises a central part and a plurality of leaf parts which are arranged on the periphery of the central part and connected with the central part, wherein a plurality of conformal metal strips are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the central part, and one leaf part is clamped between every two adjacent conformal metal strips. According to the invention, the leaf part is clamped between each two adjacent conformal metal strips, so that the adjacent feed ports are isolated by the leaf part, the coupling between the feed ports can be effectively reduced, the isolation degree between the ports of the differential excitation dual-polarized antenna is further improved, and the dielectric resonator is divided into the central part and the leaf parts which are arranged around the central part and connected with the central part, so that the dielectric resonator can have a plurality of differentially excited working modes, and further, the design of the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna with low cross polarization and widened bandwidth can be realized.

Description

Differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dielectric resonator antennas, in particular to a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna.
Background
A dielectric resonator antenna is an antenna widely studied at present, and has advantages of high radiation efficiency, low ohmic loss, no surface wave loss, small size, light weight, easy excitation, and high degree of freedom in design. Although dielectric resonators are generally made of ceramic materials with high dielectric constants and high quality factors and have narrow relative bandwidths, researchers have conducted extensive research on broadening the bandwidth of dielectric resonator antennas. The simplest and most effective method for a single dielectric resonator antenna is to tune the resonant frequencies of two or more modes of the dielectric resonator to be spectrally close and excite the modes simultaneously to form a dual or multi-mode response. Such a method for widening the bandwidth has been reported. However, in the case of a dielectric resonator antenna excited differentially, only a mode in which field distribution is distributed in the opposite phase to the feed end and a mode in which field distribution is distributed in the same phase are suppressed. As shown in fig. 1, because a differential structure is adopted for feeding (the electric field at the feeding port presents 180-degree phase difference), the anti-phase distribution electric field is matched with the distribution of the electric field at the port, so that the electric field can be effectively excited; the electric field with the same phase distribution does not conform to the electric field distribution at the port, so that the electric field is effectively suppressed. It becomes much more difficult to widen the operating bandwidth of the differential dielectric resonator antenna by the above method, because in the dielectric resonator of a conventional shape (such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, a hemispherical shape, etc.), the mode near the main mode including the field distribution in the opposite phase distribution and the field distribution in the same phase distribution cannot be excited simultaneously in the case of differential feeding, which increases the difficulty of the differential feeding method in widening the bandwidth by exciting a plurality of modes simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna, including: a reflective ground, a dielectric resonator disposed on the reflective ground, a plurality of conformal metal stripes, and a plurality of probes,
the dielectric resonator includes: the probe comprises a central part and a plurality of leaf parts which are arranged on the periphery of the central part and connected with the central part, wherein a plurality of conformal metal strips are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the central part, a leaf part is clamped between every two adjacent conformal metal strips, a plurality of coaxial holes are formed in the reflection ground, and each probe is connected with the corresponding conformal metal strip through the coaxial holes.
In the above-mentioned differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric resonator includes: the cross section of the central part is rectangular, and the four leaf parts are respectively arranged at the four corners of the central part.
In the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the leaf portion is rectangular.
In the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna includes: four of the conformal metal straps, each disposed at a central axis of the central portion side.
In the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the conformal metal strip is a T-shaped conformal metal strip, and the conformal metal strip includes: the main branch is arranged on a central axis of the side surface of the central part, the branch is arranged perpendicular to the main branch, and one end of the main branch is connected with the midpoint of the branch.
In the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, the length l of the main branch17mm, width wf0.5mm, length l of the branch2＝6.9mm。
In the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to the embodiment of the invention, the reflective ground is made of an aluminum alloy material.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the dielectric resonator is arranged into a central part and a plurality of leaf parts which are arranged on the periphery of the central part and connected with the central part, a plurality of conformal metal strips are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the central part, and a leaf part is clamped between every two adjacent conformal metal strips, so that adjacent feed ports can be isolated by the leaf parts, the coupling among the feed ports can be effectively reduced, and the isolation degree among the antenna ports of the differential dual-polarized dielectric resonator is further improved; and because the dielectric resonator is divided into the central part and a plurality of leaf parts which are arranged around the central part and connected with the central part, the dielectric resonator can have a plurality of working modes which can be excited differentially, and further, the design of the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna with low cross polarization and widened bandwidth can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of in-phase excitation and anti-phase excitation of a differential feed dielectric resonator antenna provided in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front view of a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an electric field distribution diagram of a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna at intervals of 90 ° in the first mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an electric field distribution diagram of a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna at intervals of 90 ° in a second mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a resonant frequency and a size of a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a resonance frequency and a size of another differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a coupling coefficient and a size of a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of reflection coefficients of a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna and a conventional differential dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of reflection coefficients and gains output by a set of feed ports of a differential dual-mode dual-polarization dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of reflection coefficients and gains output by another set of feed ports of the differential dual-mode dual-polarization dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a directional diagram of a differential dual-mode dual-polarization dielectric resonator antenna in an operating frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides a differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna, referring to fig. 2, including: a reflective ground 2, a dielectric resonator 3 disposed on the reflective ground 2, a plurality of conformal metal stripes 4 (see fig. 3), and a plurality of probes 5 (see fig. 3).
The dielectric resonator 3 may include: the probe comprises a central part 31 and a plurality of leaf parts 32 which are arranged around the central part 31 and connected with the central part 31, wherein a plurality of conformal metal strips 4 (see fig. 3) are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the central part 31, one leaf part 32 is clamped between every two adjacent conformal metal strips 4, a plurality of coaxial holes 1 are formed in a reflective ground 2, and each probe 5 is connected with the corresponding conformal metal strip 4 through the coaxial holes 1.
It should be noted that the conventional differential-fed dual-polarized antenna has a much higher isolation than the single-end-fed dual-polarized antenna, because the differential excitation forms a virtual ground on the symmetry plane of the loading point, and the virtual ground suppresses the mode in the cross direction, thereby greatly improving the isolation. But this conclusion is analyzed without taking into account the coupling between the ports. In fact, the coupling between the feed ports has a large effect on the isolation. To improve isolation, it is also necessary to ensure that the coupling between ports is as small as possible.
In this embodiment, by arranging the dielectric resonator 3 as the central portion 31 and the plurality of leaf portions 32 arranged around the central portion 31 and connected to the central portion 31, and arranging the plurality of conformal metal strips 4 on the peripheral side walls of the central portion 31, one leaf portion 32 is sandwiched between each adjacent conformal metal strips 4, so that adjacent feeding ports (including the conformal metal strips 4 and the probes 5) are separated by the leaf portions 32, the coupling between the feeding ports can be effectively reduced, and the isolation between the antenna ports of the differential dual-polarization dielectric resonator can be further improved.
In addition, it should be noted that, usually, a dielectric resonator resonates with an infinite number of modes resonating at different frequencies, as shown in fig. 1, the dielectric resonator is placed on a differential feed port, electric fields of some modes are distributed in opposite phase at the port, electric fields of some modes are distributed in same phase at the port, and in general, modes of opposite phase and same phase field distributions appear in sequence on a frequency spectrum. The single-end feeding mode can excite the two modes simultaneously, but the differential feeding mode can only excite the mode that the field at the port is distributed in an inverted phase, which increases the difficulty of bandwidth widening by exciting a plurality of modes simultaneously in the differential feeding mode.
In this embodiment, when the four leaf portions 32 in the dielectric resonator 3 are far apart and the coupling therebetween is weak, there is a Mode (i.e., the first Mode, denoted as Mode1) in which the electric field is concentrated in the central portion 31 of the resonator, and the distribution of the field intensity of this set of modes at 90 ° time phase is shown in fig. 4. In the Mode1 case, the resonance Frequency of the dielectric resonator antenna (i.e., Frequency in fig. 6) is mainly determined by the size of a (see fig. 2), and the relationship between the two is as shown in fig. 6 when a >12 mm; as shown in fig. 7, the size relationship between the resonance Frequency (i.e., Frequency in fig. 7) and b (see fig. 2) of the dielectric resonator antenna is not large. When the four leaf portions 32 are close to each other, the coupling between them increases, and the resonance frequency at this time is not only dependent on a but also influenced by other parameters, and the resonance frequency changes in a reverse trend with increasing a as shown in fig. 4 when a <12 mm.
In the dielectric resonator antenna, another Mode (i.e., a second Mode, referred to as Mode2) exchanges energy between the central portion 31 and the four leaf portions 32, and the electric field distribution changes at 90 ° time phase as shown in fig. 5. In the second mode case, it is generated by the energy drive of the central portion 31. The resonance frequency in the second mode has little relation to the size of a, and is determined mainly by the size of b, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
As can be seen in fig. 4 and 5, the electric fields of both modes are distributed along the y-axis, indicating that they can be excited by a pair of differential signals along the y-axis.
Furthermore, as can be seen from the trend of the changes in fig. 6 and 7, the resonant frequencies of the two modes have mutual influence, mainly because the overlapping portions between the leaf portion 32 and the central portion 31 cause the two modes to couple with each other. The Coupling coefficient between the two modes (i.e. Coupling coefficient in fig. 8) and the size c (see fig. 2) of the overlapping portion are determined, and the results of the relationship between the two modes are shown in fig. 8.
Because of the symmetry of the designed structure of the differential dual-Mode dual-polarization dielectric resonator antenna, a group of reversed-phase modes degenerate to Mode1 and Mode2 exist in the dielectric resonator 3, and the electric fields of the reversed-phase modes are vertical to the electric fields of Mode1 and Mode2 and are distributed along the x axis. The set of modes and Mode1 and Mode2 can be used together to design a differential dual-Mode dual-polarization dielectric resonator antenna with low cross polarization and widened bandwidth.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the dielectric resonator 3 may include: a central portion 31 having a rectangular cross section, and four leaf portions 32, the four leaf portions 32 being disposed at four corners of the central portion 31, respectively. Preferably, the leaf portion 32 is rectangular in cross-section.
In the embodiment, a clover-shaped dielectric resonator is adopted to design a differential dual-mode dual-polarized antenna. Two sets of orthogonal modes in the dielectric resonator can be excited by the T-shaped conformal metal strip pairs. The geometry of the dielectric resonator can reduce the coupling between the T-shaped feed metal strips; differential feeding can suppress positiveIn the cross mode, the two characteristics provide high port isolation for the designed dual-polarized antenna. Meanwhile, the flexible adjustment of the input impedance of the antenna is realized by adjusting the size of the conformal feed metal strip of the T shape, so that the integrated design of the antenna and other devices is facilitated. FIG. 9 shows the S parameters (i.e. reflection coefficients including S) of the clover-shaped differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna and a square differential dual-polarized dielectric resonator antennadd11 and Sdd21) In contrast (where the solid markers are clover antennas and the hollow markers are square antennas), both antennas are fed with a T-shaped conformal metal strip 4 attached to the side wall. Within a comparable operating frequency range, the clover-shaped differential dual-mode dual-polarized antenna has an isolation degree exceeding 65dB, while the square antenna isolation degree is above 50dB, and thus the isolation degree of the clover-shaped differential dual-mode dual-polarized antenna is improved by about 15dB within an operating frequency band.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the differential dual-mode dual-polarization dielectric resonator antenna includes: four of said conformal metal strips 4, each conformal metal strip 4 being arranged at a central axis of a side of the central portion 31.
Preferably, the conformal metal strip 4 is a T-shaped conformal metal strip, and the conformal metal strip 4 includes: a main branch 41 disposed at a central axis of a side of the central portion 31 and a branch 42 disposed perpendicular to the main branch 41, one end of the main branch 41 being connected to a midpoint of the branch 42.
In the present embodiment, in view of the advantages of the differential antenna described above, the present design aims to obtain a high-performance differential dual-polarized antenna. The two groups of balance probe pairs are connected with 4T-shaped conformal metal strips attached to the side wall of the dielectric resonator through the coaxial holes, so that a feed structure of the dual-polarized antenna is realized. The 4T-shaped conformal metal strips have the same size, and the size of the conformal metal strips can be controlled with enough precision through a laser etching technology, so that the control of the input impedance of the dielectric resonator antenna is completed. Preferably, the length l of the main branch 4117mm, width wf0.5mm, length l of branch 422＝6.9mm。
Alternatively, the reflective ground 2 may be made of an aluminum alloy material. In the present embodiment, since the dielectric resonator 3 is placed on the reflective ground 2, the dielectric resonator 3 can be saved in half size in height because of the mirror image effect.
The following describes fig. 2, 3 and 10-12, and simulation analysis is performed on the above differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna:
the design of the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna is based on HFSS electromagnetic simulation software of Ansys company. Dielectric constant adopted for the dielectric resonator 3r38, loss tangent 2.5 × 10-4The material of (1) is prepared, and the size is that a is 16, b is 14, c is 2, and h is 7; dimension l of T-shaped conformal metal strip 41＝7mm，l2＝6.9mm，wf0.5 mm; the reflective ground 2 is made of aluminum alloy material and has a reflective ground area of 60 multiplied by 60mm2。
Fig. 10 and fig. 11 are reflection coefficient and gain simulation results of the above-mentioned differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna, and the results show that the antenna has an impedance bandwidth and a gain bandwidth of 2.41 to 2.76 GHz; the in-band maximum gain reaches 4.6 dBi; isolation as shown in fig. 9, the in-band isolation is greater than 65 dB. As shown in fig. 12, the in-band directional diagram of the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna is stable, the 3dB lobe width is ± 45 °, and the cross polarization is less than-45 dB (where the operating band of fig. 12a is 2.41GHz, the operating band of fig. 12b is 2.58GHz, and the operating band of fig. 12c is 2.76 GHz).
According to the embodiment of the invention, the dielectric resonator is arranged into the central part and the plurality of leaf parts which are arranged on the periphery of the central part and connected with the central part, the plurality of conformal metal strips are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the central part, and one leaf part is clamped between every two adjacent conformal metal strips, so that the adjacent feed ports are isolated by the leaf parts, the coupling among the feed ports can be effectively reduced, and the isolation among the antenna ports of the differential dual-polarized dielectric resonator is further improved; and because the dielectric resonator is divided into the central part and a plurality of leaf parts which are arranged around the central part and connected with the central part, the dielectric resonator can have a plurality of working modes which can be excited differentially, and further, the design of the differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna with low cross polarization and widened bandwidth can be realized.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (7)

1. A differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna, comprising: a reflective ground (2), a dielectric resonator (3) arranged on the reflective ground (2), a plurality of conformal metal strips (4), and a plurality of probes (5), a feed port of the antenna comprising the conformal metal strips (4) and the probes (5);
the dielectric resonator (3) includes: the novel probe comprises a central portion (31) and a plurality of leaf portions (32) which are arranged on the periphery of the central portion (31) and connected with the central portion (31), wherein a plurality of conformal metal strips (4) are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the central portion (31), one leaf portion (32) is clamped between every two adjacent conformal metal strips (4), a plurality of coaxial holes (1) are formed in a reflective ground (2), and each probe (5) is connected with the corresponding conformal metal strip (4) through the coaxial holes (1).
2. A differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric resonator (3) comprises: a central portion (31) having a rectangular cross section, and four leaf portions (32), the four leaf portions (32) being disposed at four corners of the central portion (31), respectively.
3. A differential, dual-mode, dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross section of the leaf portion (32) is rectangular.
4. The differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 2, comprising: four conformal metal strips (4), each conformal metal strip (4) being disposed at a central axis of a side of the central portion (31).
5. The differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 4, wherein the conformal metal strip (4) is a T-shaped conformal metal strip, and the conformal metal strip (4) comprises: a main branch (41) arranged at the central axis of the side of the central part (31) and a branch (42) arranged perpendicular to the main branch (41), one end of the main branch (41) being connected to the midpoint of the branch (42).
6. A differential dual-mode dual-polarized dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that the length l of the main branch (41)17mm, width wf0.5mm, length l of the branch (42)2＝6.9mm。
7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the reflective ground (2) is made of an aluminum alloy material.
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CN111541025B (en) * 2020-04-10 2021-10-26 华南理工大学 Circularly polarized multi-input multi-output dielectric resonator antenna
CN111834739B (en) * 2020-07-14 2022-09-30 南通大学 Four-mode broadband high-gain differential dielectric resonator antenna
CN112952386B (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-04-14 北京邮电大学 Wearable antenna
CN113193387A (en) * 2021-03-19 2021-07-30 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 Dual-polarization dual-frequency dielectric resonator millimeter wave module and mobile terminal equipment

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