CN108774006A - 一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃 - Google Patents
一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910003087 TiOx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tioxidazole Chemical compound CCCOC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)SC2=C1 HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910018316 SbOx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CFJRGWXELQQLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#N CFJRGWXELQQLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004286 SiNxOy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZXVONLUNISGICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O ZXVONLUNISGICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 niobium nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
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- C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
- C03C17/3429—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating
- C03C17/3435—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating comprising a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
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- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
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Abstract
本发明涉及玻璃生产技术领域,具体涉及一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,包括玻璃基体以及镀设于所述玻璃基体一侧表面的复合膜层,所述复合膜层包括自所述玻璃基体向外依次沉积的第一抗反射介质膜层、第一耐高温阻燃膜层、第一金属隔离膜层、功能膜层、第二金属隔离膜层、第二抗反射介质膜层、第二耐高温阻燃膜层和保护膜层,本发明通过优化复合膜层的结构以及厚度参数,使得本发明的玻璃产品兼具低传热系数以及高透光率的效果,并且可以单片使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃生产技术领域,具体涉及一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃。
背景技术
目前市场上销售的性能最好的、市场占有率最高的低辐射镀膜玻璃包括至少一个银类型的金属功能层,所述银类型金属功能层主要的作用是使大部分入射的红外辐射被反射回热辐射来源侧,例如夏天可以阻挡室外的太阳辐射能进入室内,以降低空调使用费用;冬天可阻止室内的暖气通过玻璃流到室外,而降低取暖费用。以此起到节能环保的作用。然而,这种膜层非常容易被氧化、硫化等,导致此类银基低辐射镀膜玻璃的膜面必须用于中空玻璃的中空内部面以免暴露于空气中被破坏。
目前的铌做功能层的阳光控制单层玻璃中,是在单独的玻璃基材上沉积唯一的铌功能层。只有当此类产品的功能层的厚度较厚时(例如约至少10纳米或者更高时)才能满足国家现行标准规定的传热系数U的值。但是当功能层较厚时,由于面对入射的辐射能,这种功能层是非选择性吸收,导致这种玻璃的透光率非常低(一般低于30 %,甚至低于20%)。
鉴于这样的特点,已有产品难以从这种膜层获得同时具有可接受的传热系数U,又同时保持足够高的(光透过率大于40%,优选大于50%)太阳光透过率。
发明内容
本发明提供一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,在保证传热系数足够低的同时可解决透光率较低的问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,包括玻璃基体以及镀设于所述玻璃基体一侧表面的复合膜层,所述复合膜层包括自所述玻璃基体向外依次沉积的第一抗反射介质膜层、第一耐高温阻燃膜层、第一金属隔离膜层、功能膜层、第二金属隔离膜层、第二抗反射介质膜层、第二耐高温阻燃膜层和保护膜层。
进一步的,所述功能膜层为金属铌层或铌的氮化物层。
进一步的,所述功能膜层的厚度为5-40nm。
进一步的,所述第一抗反射介质膜层/第二抗反射介质膜层为氧化锌/氧化铝复合层、氧化锌/氧化锡复合层这两者中的任意一者或该两者的复合层,所述第一抗反射介质膜层和所述第二抗反射介质膜层的膜层结构相同或不同。
进一步的,所述第一抗反射介质膜层的厚度为20-100nm;所述第二抗反射介质膜层的厚度为30-100nm。
进一步的,所述第一耐高温阻燃膜层/第二耐高温阻燃膜层为SbOx层。
进一步的,所述第一耐高温阻燃膜层的厚度为30-55nm;所述第二耐高温阻燃膜层的厚度为25-50nm。
进一步的,所述第一金属隔离膜层/第二金属隔离膜层为NiCrOx层、NiCr层、Ti层和TiOx层中的其中任意一层或任意多层的复合层,所述第一金属隔离膜层和所述第二金属隔离膜层的膜层结构相同或不同。
进一步的,所述第一金属隔离膜层的厚度为0.5-5nm;所述第二金属隔离膜层的厚度为0.5-6nm。
进一步的,所述保护膜层为SiNx层、SiOx层、SiNxOy层和TiOx层中的任意一层或任意两层的复合层,所述保护膜层的厚度为25-60nm。
采用以上技术方案后,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点:
1、本发明通过优化复合膜层的结构以及厚度参数,使得本发明的玻璃产品兼具低传热系数以及高透光率的效果。
2、本发明的功能膜层选用金属铌或铌的氮化物,太阳光中的热辐射主要被金属铌层或铌的氮化物层非选择性的吸收,金属铌(Nb)是特别稳定且可经受各种热处理而不损害其光学性质的材料;铌的氮化物(NbN)具有高化学稳定性水平;使用上述两种材料作为功能膜层使得玻璃产品可以单片使用。
3、本发明的第一抗反射介质膜层和第二抗反射介质膜层具有较高的折射率以抵消功能膜层的吸收,使得本发明玻璃产品的光透过率可达50%及以上,并且产品外观清澈、通透,可以保证良好的隔热、保温效果,符合消费者追求自然环保的需求。
4、本发明使用阻燃材料氧化锑作为镀膜材料,提高了膜层耐高温的冲击能力,解决了钢化后玻璃产品外观缺陷多的问题。
附图说明
附图1为本发明中高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃的结构示意图。
其中,
100、玻璃基体;
200、复合膜层;
201、第一抗反射介质膜层;202、第一耐高温阻燃膜层;203、第一金属隔离膜层;204、功能膜层;205、第二金属隔离膜层;206、第二抗反射介质膜层;207、第二耐高温阻燃膜层;208、保护膜层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示,一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,包括玻璃基体100以及镀设于玻璃基体100一侧表面的复合膜层200,复合膜层200包括自玻璃基体100向外依次沉积的第一抗反射介质膜层201、第一耐高温阻燃膜层202、第一金属隔离膜层203、功能膜层204、第二金属隔离膜层205、第二抗反射介质膜层206、第二耐高温阻燃膜层207和保护膜层208。
具体的:
功能膜层204为金属铌(Nb)层或铌的氮化物(NbN)层,功能膜层204的厚度为5-40nm。金属铌(Nb)是特别稳定的并且可以经受各种热处理而不损害其光学性质的材料;铌的氮化物(NbN)具有高化学稳定性水平。采用金属铌或铌的氮化物作为功能膜层不易氧化或硫化,玻璃产品的复合膜层200可直接暴露于空气中,可作为单片使用。
第一抗反射介质膜层201/第二抗反射介质膜层206为氧化锌/氧化铝复合层(ZnAlOx层)、氧化锌/氧化锡复合层(ZnSnOx层)这两者中的任意一者或该两者的复合层,第一抗反射介质膜层201和第二抗反射介质膜层206的膜层结构可以相同或不同。优选的,第一抗反射介质膜层201的厚度为20-100nm;第二抗反射介质膜层206的厚度为30-100nm。
本发明的第一抗反射介质膜层201、第二抗反射介质膜层206选用性能更优异的镀膜材料作为保护材料,可以提高玻璃产品的耐高温能力,从而对功能膜层204起到更好的保护作用。另外,氧化锌/氧化铝复合层、氧化锌/氧化锡复合层均具有较高的折射率,从而可以抵消功能膜层204的吸收,进而提高本发明玻璃产品的透光率,透光率可高达50%甚至更高。玻璃产品不仅外观清澈、通透,而且可以保证良好的隔热、保温效果,符合消费者追求自然环保的需求。
此外,由于第一抗反射介质膜层201和第二抗反射介质膜层206所选用的膜层材料具有更好的物理性能和抗化学腐蚀性能。使得沉积形成的第一抗反射介质膜层201和第二抗反射介质膜层206具有优异的抗腐蚀、抗机械划伤、抗高温性能,从而提高了玻璃产品的后续加工性能和使用寿命。
第一耐高温阻燃膜层202/第二耐高温阻燃膜层207为SbOx层。优选的,第一耐高温阻燃膜层202的厚度为30-55nm;第二耐高温阻燃膜层207的厚度为25-50nm。本发明使用阻燃材料氧化锑作为镀膜材料,不仅提高了第一耐高温阻燃膜层202/第二耐高温阻燃膜层207的耐高温冲击能力,而且提高了对功能膜层204的保护作用,使玻璃产品的耐热性能优于传统镀膜玻璃,可减少钢化后玻璃产品的外观缺陷。
第一金属隔离膜层203/第二金属隔离膜层205为NiCrOx层、NiCr层、Ti层和TiOx层中的其中任意一层或任意多层的复合层,第一金属隔离膜层203和第二金属隔离膜层205的膜层结构相同或不同。优选的,第一金属隔离膜层203的厚度为0.5-5nm;第二金属隔离膜层205的厚度为0.5-6nm。
采用NiCrOx层、NiCr层、Ti层和TiOx层中的其中任意一层或任意多层的复合层对功能膜层204进行保护,使膜层结构更完整,结合力更高,有效保证了膜层的致密度和玻璃产品的稳定性。
特别的,当第一金属隔离膜层203/第二金属隔离膜层205中包含NiCrOx层时,在加热过程中,NiCrOx会对部分渗透的氧具有较好的亲合力,从而有效捕捉氧分子,能更好的保护功能膜层204。另外,由于NiCrOx层与氧化合,可有效提高产品的可见光透过率,提高玻璃产品的通透性。
保护膜层208为SiNx层、SiOx层、SiNxOy层和TiOx层中的任意一层或任意两层的复合层,优选的,保护膜层208的厚度为25-60nm。
本发明的各个膜层通过磁控溅射方式自玻璃基体100向外依次镀制,根据公知的技术,上述NiCrOx层、TiOx层、SbOx层、SiOx层、ZnAlOx层和ZnSnOx层在含有氧气的反应性气氛中使用对应靶进行沉积;上述SiNx层和NbN层在含有氮气的反应性气氛中使用对应靶进行沉积;上述Nb层、NiCr层和Ti层在含有纯氩的惰性气氛中使用对应靶进行沉积;上述SiNxOy层在同时含有氮气和氧气的反应性气氛中使用对应靶进行沉积。
镀制完成后将其置于钢化炉内进行钢化处理,镀膜表面的加热温度为680-690℃,玻璃基体100非镀膜表面的加热温度较镀膜表面温度略低,为670-680℃。这是因为本发明的复合膜层200为功能性膜层,其性能决定了镀膜表面的吸热能力弱于非镀膜面,为了确保镀膜表面和非镀膜表面吸热一致,避免钢化处理时烧弯变形,镀膜表面的温度需高于非镀膜表面,钢化处理时间为570-590s。
以下为具体实施例:
实施例1
将玻璃基体100清洗并烘干后,在其一侧表面依次镀制如下膜层:ZnSnOx/SbOx/NiCrOx/Nb/NiCrOx/ZnSnOx/SbOx/TiOx;对应于上述复合膜层200中各个膜层的厚度依次为:39nm/36.5nm/0.5nm/28nm/0.6 nm/38nm/48.9nm/ 40.6nm;
钢化后对于大于50%的光透射,获得了以下结果:
透过率T=62.7%;传热系数U=4.18W/m2.k;
R外=9.0;a*=-3.2;b*=-16.3(玻面);
R内=21.3;a*=-4.6;b*=0.8(膜面)。
注,本实施例和以下各实施例中,R外是玻璃侧的叠层视图的反射系数,其相应的a*和b*值对应为玻璃侧的视觉颜色;而R内和相应的a*和b*值是从膜层侧观看该叠层时获得的值。
实施例2
将玻璃基体100清洗并烘干后,在其一侧表面依次镀制如下膜层:ZnAlOx/SbOx/TiOx/Nb/TiOx/ZnAlOx/SbOx/SiOx;对应于上述复合膜层200中各个膜层的厚度依次为:62.9nm/48.3nm/3.3nm/22nm/ 3.5nm/58.3nm/32.2nm/ 21.6nm。
钢化后对于大于50%的光透射,获得了以下结果:
透过率T=56.2%;传热系数U=3.75W/m2.k;
R外=7.6;a*=-4.2;b*=-21.3(玻面);
R内=18.6;a*=-3.2;b*=0.2(膜面)。
实施例3
将玻璃基体100清洗并烘干后,在其一侧表面依次镀制如下膜层:ZnSnOx/SbOx/Ti/NbN/Ti/ZnSnOx/SbOx/SiNxOy;对应于上述复合膜层200中各个膜层的厚度依次为:83nm/54.7nm/4.8nm/26.3nm/4.8nm/62.4nm/45.2nm/ 52.8nm。
钢化后对于大于50%的光透射,获得了以下结果:
透过率T=53%;传热系数U=3.52W/m2.k;
R外=9.0;a*=-2.5;b*=-13.1(玻面);
R内=16.9;a*=-4.8;b*=0.7(膜面)。
通过以上实施例可以看出,本发明的高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃兼具较低的传热系数以及较高的光透光率,并且玻璃产品外观清澈、通透,透过色呈中性。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,包括玻璃基体以及镀设于所述玻璃基体一侧表面的复合膜层,其特征在于:所述复合膜层包括自所述玻璃基体向外依次沉积的第一抗反射介质膜层、第一耐高温阻燃膜层、第一金属隔离膜层、功能膜层、第二金属隔离膜层、第二抗反射介质膜层、第二耐高温阻燃膜层和保护膜层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于:所述功能膜层为金属铌层或铌的氮化物层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于:所述功能膜层的厚度为5-40nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于:所述第一抗反射介质膜层/第二抗反射介质膜层为氧化锌/氧化铝复合层、氧化锌/氧化锡复合层这两者中的任意一者或该两者的复合层,所述第一抗反射介质膜层和所述第二抗反射介质膜层的膜层结构相同或不同。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于:所述第一抗反射介质膜层的厚度为20-100nm;所述第二抗反射介质膜层的厚度为30-100nm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于: 所述第一耐高温阻燃膜层/第二耐高温阻燃膜层为SbOx层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于:所述第一耐高温阻燃膜层的厚度为30-55nm;所述第二耐高温阻燃膜层的厚度为25-50nm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于:所述第一金属隔离膜层/第二金属隔离膜层为NiCrOx层、NiCr层、Ti层和TiOx层中的其中任意一层或任意多层的复合层,所述第一金属隔离膜层和所述第二金属隔离膜层的膜层结构相同或不同。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于:所述第一金属隔离膜层的厚度为0.5-5nm;所述第二金属隔离膜层的厚度为0.5-6nm。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透光率可单片使用的节能玻璃,特征在于:所述保护膜层为SiNx层、SiOx层、SiNxOy层和TiOx层中的任意一层或任意两层的复合层,所述保护膜层的厚度为25-60nm。
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