CN108763849A - River pollutant sources computational methods are polluted in conjunction with the basin face source phosphorus of deposit and model - Google Patents
River pollutant sources computational methods are polluted in conjunction with the basin face source phosphorus of deposit and model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The basin face source phosphorus of a kind of combination deposit of the present invention and model pollutes river pollutant sources computational methods：Step 1：The simulation steps two that the pollution of agricultural area source phosphorus generates load are carried out in Typical Small Watershed：The acquisition of deposit and the measurement of total phosphorus determination；Step 3：Basin face source phosphorus load is established with phosphorus determination correlativity and the calculating of river pollutant sources.Advantage of the present invention：One, only the relationship between basin phosphorus pollution generation load and total phosphorus determination need to be established in Typical Small Watershed, formula can be applied to the progress phosphorus pollution of other analogy basins and generate the calculating of load, and be used for the calculating of river pollutant sources；Two, it establishes after calculation formula, is measured need to only acquire surface deposit using basin, and grasp basin outlet phosphorus load amount data to calculate the pollution of area source river pollutant sources of the basin current year, it is simple and practicable；Three, deposit experiment, modeling and actual monitoring data are combined, it is as a result more accurate.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to the assessments of basin pollution of area source and administrative skill field, are related to a kind of face source phosphorus pollution river pollutant sources
The basin face source phosphorus of computational methods more particularly to a kind of combination deposit and model pollutes river pollutant sources computational methods.
【Background technology】
In the case where point-source pollution is effectively controlled, agricultural area source becomes the main contributions source of water environment pollution,
As the key points and difficulties for realizing that quality of water environment improves.Generation, the migration of pollution of area source are a sufficiently complex processes, by
It is influenced in by factors such as the hydrology, meteorology, regional location, land surface conditions, the generation load and reality of agricultural area source pollutants
Border enters between the load of river that there are larger differences.If directly weighing agricultural area source using the yield of agricultural area source pollutants
The contribution to water environment pollution is polluted, the distortion of pollution sources statistical findings will be caused.Therefore convenient, reliable method is used
Carry out the calculating of agricultural non-point source pollution river pollutant sources, the influence to water environment and basin for accurate evaluation agricultural non-point source pollution
The formulation of management policy has great importance.
River pollutant sources are that basin basic unit exports agricultural sources pollutant burden amount and the generation agriculture of basin basic unit slope surface
The ratio of industry source pollutants load, calculates the common computational methods of river pollutant sources, including the estimation algorithm of mechanism model, all kinds of changes
Into output factor method etc..It can such as be carried out by watershed pollutant in terms of the defeated shifting calculating of slope surface and the defeated shifting in river using SWAT models
It calculates, basin pollutant is exported into the calculating that whole process regards "black box" row river pollutant sources as from slope surface production dirt to basin.Pattern die
Draw up has the advantages that result is accurate, but due to data requirement condition is high, parameter is numerous, calibration is difficult, it is difficult to a wide range of to promote.
It is calculated using output factor method, result of calculation is then influenced by the model of the impact factor and foundation chosen.Deposit
It is the Yuan Hehui of multiple pollutant as the important component of aquatic ecosystem, studies have shown that can pass through to a certain extent
The input of the deposition characteristics reflection plane source phosphorus pollution of total phosphorus in deposit.Therefore, accumulation of pollutants is established in Typical Small Watershed to lead to
Quantitative relation between amount and generation load then the detection of pollutant can carry out basin face source in analogy basin is by deposit
Pollution generates the reckoning of load.Since the acquisition of deposit and detection all very simples of wherein pollutant are easy, greatly save
In basin the workload that pollution of area source generates load is calculated using modeling.
In view of background above, in order to which agricultural area source phosphorus that is more acurrate, efficiently calculating different basins pollutes river pollutant sources, this
The river pollutant sources New calculating method of a kind of combination deposition analyte detection, modeling and actual monitoring is established in patent application.Choose allusion quotation
Type basin carries out total phosphorus determination and basin generates the correlativity foundation of total phosphorus load, and gained quantitative relation formula is used
In the dirty carry calculation of total phosphorus production of other analogy basins, and combine the basin outlet phosphor contaminant load observation knot in corresponding basin
Fruit carries out the calculating of river pollutant sources.Obtain a kind of calculating for the phosphorus pollution river pollutant sources result that can be quickly obtained analogy basin
Method.
【Invention content】
1, purpose：The object of the present invention is to provide the basin face source phosphorus of a kind of combination deposit and model to pollute river pollutant sources
Computational methods only need to establish face source phosphor contaminant deposition flux and stream in a basin by modeling and deposition analyte detection
Domain generates the correlativity of phosphorus load, and relation formula can be applied to other analogy basins, other analogy basins of quick obtaining
Phosphorus pollute river pollutant sources.
2, technical solution：The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The basin face source phosphorus of a kind of combination deposit of the present invention and model pollutes river pollutant sources computational methods, as shown in Figure 1,
This method is as follows：
Step 1：The simulation that the pollution of agricultural area source phosphorus generates load is carried out in Typical Small Watershed
(1) selection of Typical Small Watershed
The first step for carrying out the simulation that agricultural non-point source pollution generates load is to choose Typical Small Watershed to be used as research area, in order to
Can be smoothly in the simulation for choosing basin progress model, research area needs with having relatively complete region meteorology, the hydrology, landform
The data such as looks, Agricultural management system；Secondly as the later stage will carry out the acquisition of sediment sample, studies and should also have just in area
In the metastable depositional environment of deposit acquisition；Again, for by research area the calculation formula studied be generalized to
Other analogy basins are calculated with the river pollutant sources for carrying out other basins, and selected research area must also be representative, institute
Landform, weather, the hydrology and the soil type covered, the land use pattern having all need have representativeness.
(2) Typical Small Watershed agricultural area source phosphorus pollutional load SWAT modelings
Phosphorus in soil is mainly migrated by diffusion, the titanium pigment amount migrated with rainwash in SWAT models
For：
Wherein PsurfIndicate the titanium pigment amount (kghm migrated with rainwash-2), Psolution.surfIndicate surface layer
Titanium pigment amount (kghm in 10mm soil layers-2), QsurfIndicate certain day flow path surface (mm), ρbIndicate surface layer 10mm's
Unit weight (mgm-3),depthsurfIndicate surface depth of soil (10mm), kd.surfIndicate the soil distribution coefficient (m of phosphorus3·mg-1)。
Moving to the phosphorus amount in river with silt is：
Wherein sedPsurfExpression moves to the phosphorus amount (kghm of main stem with the silt in rainwash-2), concsdep
Indicate the phosphorus amount (gt being adsorbed in the 10mm soil layers of surface layer on silt-1), sed indicates certain day sediment yield (t), areahruIt indicates
Area (the hm of HRU (Hydrologic response units)2),εPisedIndicate the concentration ratio of phosphorus.
Input data needed for SWAT modelings includes research area DEM (digital elevation model), meteorological data, soil number
According to, land use data, Agricultural management system data.Therefore the collection for carrying out corresponding data first, passes through local relevant department
And the capital goods in the agricultural sector in peasants participation collection research area such as agricultural production situation, fertilising situation, filling row mode, dose etc.；
Research area's meteorological data is obtained by China Meteorological data network or weather station；Operational research area remote sensing images carry out land use class
Type interprets, and obtains land use data；Soil data is then obtained by soil types distribution map and field experiment.
It establishes after database needed for SWAT models, enters data into model system, parameter calibration and adjustment are carried out, to grinding
The face source phosphorus load for studying carefully area is simulated, and the spatial and temporal distributions of research area face source phosphorus load are obtained.
Step 2：The acquisition of deposit and the measurement of total phosphorus determination
(1) acquisition of deposit
In basin outlet using the sedimentary column of about 30 centimetres of sediment sampler sampling depth, and sedimentary column is cut by scene
Disk is packed into plastic packaging bag and is preserved at low temperature after being marked by the disk of 1 cm thick.Sample is taken back into reality as early as possible
Room is tested to be pre-processed.
(2) sedimentary column determines year
The sedimentary column sample of acquisition is carried out determine after pre-treatment appropriate the radioactive isotope activity determination in year.It is heavy
Product object determines year and determines year method using 210Pb, uses CRS (The Constant Rate Supply Model, constant recharge rate mould
Type) model determine year calculating, obtain the deposit age of different depth in sedimentary column.
The age calculation formula of deposit is：
Wherein Tm is the deposit age of depth m, T0To sample the time, λ is210Decay rate (the 0.03114y of Pb-1), A
For entire sedimentary column surplus210Pb total amounts (Bqm-2), Am is sedimentary column depth m surpluses below210Pb total amounts (Bqm-2)。
The calculation formula of Rate of Sediments is：
Wherein λ is210Decay rate (the 0.03114y of Pb-1), Am is sedimentary column depth m surpluses below210Pb total amounts
(Bq·m-2), Im is superfluous in the deposit of depth m210Content (the Bqm of Pb-2)。
(3) calculating of deposit total phosphorus concentration measurement and phosphorus determination
The measurement of sediment sample total phosphorus concentration uses NaOH meltings-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, sediment sample molten with NaOH
Melt, phosphorus ore containing and organic phosphorus compound in sample is made to be completely converted into soluble orthophosphates, is dissolved with water and dilute sulfuric acid
Frit, under prescribed conditions sample solution reacted with the anti-color developing agent of molybdenum antimony, generate P-Mo blue, quantitative determined with spectrophotometry.
The calculation formula of total phosphorus is in deposit：
Wherein C0For from the content (mg/L) for checking in phosphorus in testing sample solution on calibration curve, M is sample weighting amount (g), V1For
Constant volume (mL) after sample melted, V2For color when solution constant volume volume (ml), V3For the rear point of volume taken (ml), 10-4
For mg/L concentration units to be scaled to the conversion factor of percentage composition.
The deposition flux of total phosphorus is the product of the deposition rate of total phosphorus concentration and deposit in deposit, and deposition rate passes through
The formula determined in year model is calculated, and acquisition is determined by experiment in total phosphorus concentration in deposit.Determine annual bearing in conjunction with deposit,
The phosphorus determination data of long-term sequence can be obtained.
The calculation formula of deposition flux is：
S=R × C
Wherein S is total phosphorus determination (gm-2·a-1), R is Rate of Sediments (kgm-2·a-1), C is deposition
Total phosphorus concentration (gkg in object-1)。
Step 3：Basin face source phosphorus load is established with phosphorus determination correlativity and the calculating of river pollutant sources
(1) foundation of basin face source phosphorus load and phosphorus determination correlativity
The phosphorus determination data on the long-term sequence as unit of year that have been obtained based on step 2 and pass through step
The basin face source phosphorus load data in the correspondence time that a rapid modeling obtains, correlation between the two is established by linear regression
Relationship obtains relation formula, and the form of relation formula is y=ax+b, and wherein y is total phosphorus determination, and x is negative for basin face source phosphorus
Lotus, a and b are the constant in formula.
It is obtained by the measurement of the deposit similar with step 2 in the basin that this formula is applied to river pollutant sources to be calculated
Obtain total phosphorus determination in basin to be calculated, you can formula calculates the face source phosphorus load in the basin.
(2) calculating of river pollutant sources
The calculation formula of river pollutant sources is：
Wherein λiFor river pollutant sources, LsubFor basin exit face source phosphorus pollution loading amount, SsubFor basin face source phosphorus load.
Wherein, the S in basin to be calculatedsubIt is obtained by (1) of step 3, LsubPass through the outlet progress in basin to be calculated
Water quality monitoring obtains.
3, advantage and effect：The basin face source phosphorus pollution river pollutant sources calculating side of a kind of combination deposit of the present invention and model
Method, its advantage is that：First, this method only need to establish basin phosphorus pollution in Typical Small Watershed generates load and total phosphorus determination
Between relationship, formula can be applied to other analogy basins and carry out the calculating that phosphorus pollution generates load, and be used for into river system
Several calculating；Second, in this method, establish after calculation formula, is surveyed need to only acquire surface deposit using basin
Determine, and grasp basin outlet phosphorus load amount data to calculate the pollution of area source river pollutant sources of the basin current year, it is simple and practicable；Its
Three, this method combines deposit experiment, modeling and actual monitoring data, as a result more accurate.
【Description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that river pollutant sources computational methods are polluted in conjunction with the basin face source phosphorus of deposit and modeling.
Fig. 2 is the basin face source total phosphorus load obtained using SWAT modelings.
Fig. 3 is the total phosphorus concentration value of the deposit of different depth in the sedimentary column that Typical Small Watershed acquires.
Fig. 4 is to determine the deposit age obtained in year using lead isotope.
Fig. 5 be the 1975-2014 being calculated during total phosphorus determination.
Fig. 6 is correlativity analysis and formula of total phosphorus determination with simulation load.
【Specific implementation mode】
A kind of basin face source phosphorus pollution river pollutant sources being combined based on deposit and modeling of the present invention calculate new side
Method is as follows：
Step 1：
Present case selects Typical Agricultural small watershed to be located at Ah cloth's Jiaohe basin on 859 farm of the Northeast as example
Analysis.By remote Sensing Interpretation Landsat TM data, research area 1979,1992,2000,2005 and 2,010 five phase soil profit is obtained
Use data.Soil attribute data is extracted from national Soil Database, and is updated by field experiment.Meteorological data
It is obtained from local weather station, including rainfall, the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, sunshine time.Study the agriculture in area
Industry management measure such as agricultural production situation, fertilising situation, filling row mode, dose etc. pass through local relevant department and peasants participation
It collects.
The face source phosphorus pollutional load for studying area is simulated with SWAT models on the basis of parameter calibration is with verification,
The analog result for exporting total phosphorus (TP), obtains basin face source phosphorus load, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 2：
The sedimentary column of about 30 centimetres of sediment sampler sampling depth is used in Ah cloth's Jiaohe river mouth, and live by sedimentary column
It is cut into the disk of 1 cm thick, disk is packed into plastic packaging bag and is preserved at low temperature after being marked.Use cooling driers pair
Sample is freeze-dried, and the sample after cold do is levigate, is removed impurity, is crossed 0.147 mm sieve.Sample after sieving is set
In plastic packaging bag, preserves in refrigerator and measured to be further analyzed.
The measurement of sediment sample total phosphorus concentration uses NaOH meltings-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, sediment sample molten with NaOH
Melt, phosphorus ore containing and organic phosphorus compound in sample is made to be completely converted into soluble orthophosphates, is dissolved with water and dilute sulfuric acid
Frit, under prescribed conditions sample solution reacted with the anti-color developing agent of molybdenum antimony, generate P-Mo blue, quantitative determined with spectrophotometry.
Total phosphorus concentration in deposit is as shown in Figure 3.
Deposit determines year use210Pb determines year method, and radioactive activity measurement is carried out using Low background HpGe gamma energy spectrometer,
Always210Pb is measured by the gamma-rays of 46.5keV,226Ra is measured by the gamma-rays of 95.2keV and 351.9keV.Using CRS models into
Row determines year calculating, and deposit age calculation formula isWherein Tm is the deposit age of depth m, T0For
The time is sampled, λ is210Decay rate (the 0.03114y of Pb-1), A is that entire sedimentary column is superfluous210Pb total amounts (Bqm-2), Am is
Sedimentary column depth m surpluses below210Pb total amounts (Bqm-2).Deposit determine annual bearing as shown in figure 4, total phosphorus determination such as
Shown in Fig. 5.
Step 3：
Based on the obtained long-term sequence as unit of year phosphorus determination data and pass through modeling
The face source phosphorus load data in obtained correspondence time establish correlativity between the two by linear regression, and it is public to obtain relationship
Formula y=0.097x+3.024, as shown in fig. 6, wherein y represents total phosphorus determination (gm-2·a-1), x is negative for surface source total phosphorus
Lotus (t).
Deposit is acquired in basin to be calculated, total phosphorus concentration and Rate of Sediments in its deposit is measured, calculates
To total phosphorus determination, and by the pollution of area source phosphorus load in the relation above formula to calculating basin, exported in conjunction with the basin
Face source phosphorus pollutional load observation, you can obtain the river pollutant sources in basin to be calculated.
Claims (1)
1. the basin face source phosphorus of a kind of combination deposit and model pollutes river pollutant sources computational methods, it is characterised in that：This method
It is as follows：
S1. the simulation that the pollution of agricultural area source phosphorus generates load is carried out in Typical Small Watershed
S11. the selection of Typical Small Watershed
Typical Small Watershed is chosen as research area, first, research area is needed with relatively complete region meteorology, the hydrology, landform
The data such as landforms, Agricultural management system；Secondly, it studies in area and should also have the metastable deposition ring acquired convenient for deposit
Border；Again, research area must also be representative, the landform, weather, the hydrology and the soil type covered that have,
Land use pattern all needs have representativeness；
S12. Typical Small Watershed agricultural area source phosphorus pollutional load SWAT modelings
Phosphorus in soil is mainly migrated by diffusion, and the titanium pigment amount migrated with rainwash in SWAT models is：
Wherein PsurfIndicate the titanium pigment amount (kghm migrated with rainwash-2), Psolution.surfIndicate surface layer 10mm soil layers
In titanium pigment amount (kghm-2), QsurfIndicate certain day flow path surface (mm), ρbIndicate the unit weight of surface layer 10mm
(mg·m-3),depthsurfIndicate surface depth of soil (10mm), Kd.surfIndicate the soil distribution coefficient (m of phosphorus3·mg-1)；
Moving to the phosphorus amount in river with silt is：
Wherein sedPsurfExpression moves to the phosphorus amount (kghm of main stem with the silt in rainwash-2), concsdepIndicate table
Phosphorus amount (the gt being adsorbed in layer 10mm soil layers on silt-1), sed indicates certain day sediment yield (t), areahruIndicate HRU's
Area (hm2),εPisedIndicate the concentration ratio of phosphorus；
Input data needed for SWAT modelings includes research area DEM, meteorological data, soil data, land use data, agriculture
Industry management measure data；Therefore the collection of corresponding data is carried out first, by inquiry the capital goods in the agricultural sector in collection research area, packet
It includes such as agricultural production situation, fertilising situation, fill row's mode, dose；Research is obtained by China Meteorological data network or weather station
Area's meteorological data；Operational research area remote sensing images carry out land use pattern interpretation, obtain land use data；Soil data is then
It is obtained by soil types distribution map and field experiment；
It establishes after database needed for SWAT models, enters data into model system, carry out parameter calibration and adjustment, to studying area
Face source phosphorus load simulated, obtain research area face source phosphorus load spatial and temporal distributions；
S2. the acquisition of deposit and the measurement of total phosphorus determination
S21. the acquisition of deposit
In basin outlet using the sedimentary column of about 30 centimetres of sediment sampler sampling depth, and sedimentary column is cut into 1 li by scene
Disk is packed into plastic packaging bag and is preserved at low temperature after being marked, and sample is taken back reality as early as possible by the thick disk of rice
Room is tested to be pre-processed；
S22. sedimentary column determines year
Determine the radioactive isotope activity determination in year after the sedimentary column sample of acquisition is pre-processed；Deposit Ding Niancai
Determine year method with 210Pb, carries out determining to calculate in year using CRS models, obtain the deposit age of different depth in sedimentary column；
The age calculation formula of deposit is：
Wherein Tm is the deposit age of depth m, T0To sample the time, λ is210Decay rate (the 0.03114y of Pb-1), A is whole
A sedimentary column is superfluous210Pb total amounts (Bqm-2),
Am is sedimentary column depth m surpluses below210Pb total amounts (Bqm-2)；
The calculation formula of Rate of Sediments is：
Wherein λ is210Decay rate (the 0.03114y of Pb-1), Am is sedimentary column depth m surpluses below210Pb total amounts (Bqm-2), Im is superfluous in the deposit of depth m210Content (the Bqm of Pb-2)；
S23. the calculating of deposit total phosphorus concentration measurement and phosphorus determination
The measurement of sediment sample total phosphorus concentration uses NaOH meltings-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, sediment sample to melt, make with NaOH
Phosphorus ore containing and organic phosphorus compound in sample are completely converted into soluble orthophosphates, dissolve frit with water and dilute sulfuric acid,
Sample solution is reacted with the anti-color developing agent of molybdenum antimony under prescribed conditions, is generated P-Mo blue, is quantitative determined with spectrophotometry；
The calculation formula of total phosphorus is in deposit：
Wherein C0For from the content (mg/L) for checking in phosphorus in testing sample solution on calibration curve, M is sample weighting amount (g), V1For sample
Constant volume (mL) after melting, V2For color when solution constant volume volume (ml), V3For the rear point of volume taken (ml), 10-4To incite somebody to action
Mg/L concentration units are scaled the conversion factor of percentage composition；
The deposition flux of total phosphorus is the product of the deposition rate of total phosphorus concentration and deposit in deposit, and deposition rate is by determining year
Formula in model is calculated, and acquisition is determined by experiment in total phosphorus concentration in deposit；Determine annual bearing in conjunction with deposit, it can be with
Obtain the phosphorus determination data of long-term sequence；
The calculation formula of deposition flux is：
S=R × C
Wherein S is total phosphorus determination (gm-2·a-1), R is Rate of Sediments (kgm-2·a-1), C is in deposit
Total phosphorus concentration (gkg-1)；
S3. basin face source phosphorus load and the foundation of phosphorus determination correlativity and the calculating of river pollutant sources
S31. the foundation of basin face source phosphorus load and phosphorus determination correlativity
The phosphorus determination data on the long-term sequence as unit of year that have been obtained based on step S2 and by step S1
The basin face source phosphorus load data in the correspondence time that modeling obtains establish related pass between the two by linear regression
System obtains relation formula, and the form of relation formula is y=ax+b, and wherein y is total phosphorus determination, and x is negative for basin face source phosphorus
Lotus, a and b are the constant in formula；
It is waited for by the measurement of the deposit similar with step S2 in the basin that this formula is applied to river pollutant sources to be calculated
Calculate total phosphorus determination in basin, you can formula calculates the face source phosphorus load in the basin；
S32. the calculating of river pollutant sources
The calculation formula of river pollutant sources is：
Wherein λiFor river pollutant sources, LsubFor basin exit face source phosphorus pollution loading amount, SsubFor basin face source phosphorus load；Wherein, it waits for
Calculate the S in basinsubIt is obtained by step S31, LsubWater quality monitoring acquisition is carried out by the outlet in basin to be calculated.
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| CN115422850A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-02 | 北京云庐科技有限公司 | Method for judging pollution contribution rate of river inflow river drain outlet based on EFDC and edge calculation |
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