CN107122620A - A kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- DJFBJKSMACBYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane;hydrate Chemical compound O.P DJFBJKSMACBYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 131
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020965 cold beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013410 fast food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method, it is related to pollutional load measuring and calculating field, the basin external source phosphorus load measuring method includes：Step one, basin presence of pollution sources is divided into three classes；Step 2, sets up and the one-to-one phosphorus load Accounting Model of three class pollutions entering the water respectively；Step 3, data needed for collection Accounting Model；The data of step 4, the phosphorus load Accounting Model set up according to step 2 and step 3 collection, calculate three class pollution entering the water phosphorus load discharge capacitys, three class pollution entering the water phosphorus load discharge capacitys are summed, as basin pollution sources phosphorus load discharge capacity respectively；Step 5, basin enters the measuring and calculating of extragalactic source phosphorus load.Compared with prior art, pollution sources in region, according to the difference of pollution source category, have been divided into three classes by the basin external source phosphorus load measuring method that the present invention is provided, computing repeatedly in calculation process is avoided, the method and steps that clear and definite is provided is calculated for basin external source phosphorus load.
Description
Technical field
Field is calculated the present invention relates to pollutional load, more particularly, to a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method.
Background technology
China's industrialization, urbanization paces are constantly accelerated, substantial amounts of industrial wastewater, sanitary sewage and agricultural area source pollutants
Matter enters water body, causes serious water systems'phosphorus pollution.At present, the mode of main basin water body treating focuses mostly at water body end
On end is administered.For example：
A kind of nano adsorption material of CN103657611A patented inventions is used for the end treatment of water pollution；CN102716684
Patent is repaired using acid fiber by polylactic film immobilization compound enzyme technology to enriched water pollution water body；CN101293699
Patent is a kind of river channel water quality purification techniques for urban polluted river water remediation.
But, want to administer water environment pollution from root, just have to be understood that each pollution sources pollution loading amount, identify main dirt
Dye source, and above-mentioned patented invention can not be calculated from the water environment load of source watershed.
At this stage basin pollutional load measuring method be concentrated mainly on agricultural area source (CN104951986A,
CN102663267 etc.), lack the system measuring and calculating of watershed pollutional load.Though it is negative to be related to phosphorus pollution in CN102831297A inventions
The accounting of lotus, but actual samples Monitoring factors are less, and lack time continuity；The classification of urban life pollution sources is not careful enough,
Easily repeat the main phosphorus pollution generation link that measuring and calculating and None- identified go out in urban life.
The content of the invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem present in above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind
Basin external source phosphorus load measuring method.
A kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method that the present invention is provided, including：
Step one, basin presence of pollution sources is divided into three classes；
, there is production waste water, sanitary wastewater and rainfall runoff discharge in three kinds of pollutions entering the water；, there is life in two kinds of pollutions entering the water
Waste water and rainfall runoff discharge living；A kind of pollution entering the water, only exists rainfall runoff discharge；
Step 2, sets up and the one-to-one phosphorus load Accounting Model of three class pollutions entering the water respectively；
Step 3, data needed for collection Accounting Model；
The data of step 4, the phosphorus load Accounting Model set up according to step 2 and step 3 collection, calculate three respectively
Class pollution entering the water phosphorus load discharge capacity, three class pollution entering the water phosphorus load discharge capacitys are summed, and as pollution sources phosphorus load in basin is arranged
High-volume；
Step 5, basin enters the measuring and calculating of extragalactic source phosphorus load；
It is negative for works liquor phosphorus load, rainfall runoff phosphorus load and in line phosphorus in waste water that basin enters extragalactic source phosphorus load
Lotus sum.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the rainfall runoff phosphorus load of three class pollutions entering the water carries out unified accounting.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, in the step 2；The production waste water of three kinds of pollutions entering the water adjusts mould
Type is as follows：
Wherein wI, tPollutant discharging unit i time t (my god) in discharge production Phosphorus From Wastewater amount (ton)；qI, tFor pollutant discharging unit
I time t (my god) in water total amount (m3)；piFor pollutant discharging unit i staff number (people)；For domestic consumption (m per capita3/
d)；θiFor pollutant discharging unit i production waste-water degradation (%)；ciMean concentration (the mg/ of Phosphorus From Wastewater is produced for pollutant discharging unit i
L)；
The sanitary wastewater Accounting Model of three kinds of pollutions entering the water is as follows：
Wherein wI, tFor pollutant discharging unit i time t (my god) in discharge sanitary wastewater in phosphorus amount (ton)；ciFor blowdown list
The mean concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in the i sanitary wastewaters of position；piFor pollutant discharging unit i staff number (people)；For domestic consumption per capita
(m3/d)；θiFor pollutant discharging unit i sanitary wastewater emission factor (%).
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, in the step 2；The sanitary wastewater of two kinds of pollutions entering the water adjusts mould
Type is as follows：
wH, t=ch×qH, t×θh×10-6
Wherein wH, tFor pollutant discharging unit h time t (my god) in discharge sanitary wastewater in phosphorus amount (ton)；chFor blowdown list
The mean concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in position h sanitary wastewater；qH, tFor pollutant discharging unit h time t (my god) in domestic water consumption
(m3)；θhFor pollutant discharging unit h sanitary wastewater emission factor (%).
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the rainfall runoff phosphorus load measuring method of three class pollutions entering the water is：
Basin is subjected to gridding, the rainfall runoff phosphorus load Calculating model of each grid is as follows：
Wherein wS, tThe amount (ton) of phosphorus in the rainfall runoff discharged for grid s in time t；K is that rainwater is formed in the t times
The rainfall number of times (secondary) of runoff；N is the land use pattern species in grid s；AS, nFor the n-th class land use pattern in grid s
Area (㎡)；QkFor kth time rainfall (mm)；σnFor the rainfall runoff coefficient of the n-th class land use pattern in basin；cs
For the concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in grid s rainfall runofves.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the measuring and calculating side of production waste-water degradation and sanitary wastewater emission factor
Method is as follows：
It is production wastewater discharge and the ratio of water consumption to produce waste-water degradation, and sanitary wastewater emission factor is life
The ratio of wastewater discharge and water consumption；Wherein, water usage data is obtained by water supply department, to production wastewater discharge and life
Wastewater discharge is monitored on the spot；
Specifically, the waste water disposal facility respectively in each pollutant discharging unit arranges mouth and sanitary sewage is always arranged and production is monitored at mouth
The discharge capacity of waste water and sanitary wastewater, discharge capacity is monitored using flowmeter method or volumetric method；
As pollutant discharging unit in basin is more, then surveyed using stratified sampling method, the discharge of wastewater system surveyed with sample
Count the waste-water degradation as similar pollutant discharging unit.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, in the production mean concentration of Phosphorus From Wastewater, sanitary wastewater phosphorus it is average dense
The measuring method of the mean concentration of phosphorus is as follows in degree and rainfall runoff：
The sampling monitoring point of production waste water is arranged on the row mouthful of each waste water disposal facility；Monthly choose and be monitored for 2 days, often
It respectively takes a sample on daytime and evening；Take 3 to wait every time and hold water sample, monitored after being well mixed；Concentration average is used as life twice
Produce the mean concentration of Phosphorus From Wastewater；
The sampling monitoring point of sanitary wastewater is arranged on each pollution sources sanitary wastewater and always arranges mouth；Respectively 7:00-9:00、11:
00-14:00 and 17:00-21:00 carries out sampling monitoring；3 parts of water sample is held in each period collection etc., and analysis is monitored after being well mixed；
Three period average values as phosphorus in sanitary wastewater mean concentration；
The sampled point of rainfall runoff is arranged at the rainwater conflux of each grid；Respectively in newly formed runoff 0-5min, 5-
10min, 10-15min, 15-20min, 20-30min sampling monitoring phosphorus concentration；Each period, which takes, waits three parts of water capacity, and mixing is
Monitored after even.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, it is as more in produced sewage discharge unit, then using stratified sampling method, with
Sample actual measurement produces waste water phosphorus concentration as the production waste water phosphorus concentration of similar pollutant discharging unit；As sanitary wastewater pollutant discharging unit compared with
It is many, then using stratified sampling method, sanitary wastewater phosphorus concentration is surveyed as the sanitary wastewater phosphorus concentration of similar pollutant discharging unit using sample.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, the measuring method of rainfall runoff coefficient, is comprised the following steps that：
The characteristics of rainfall in basin is fully understanded, the rainfall of simulated experiment is determined；
Choose experiment plot：Meadow, forest land, construction land, each 1 piece of farmland are chosen in basin；
Use single spraying head rainer to carry out simulated rainfall to experiment plot (rain time is T)；
Record the Simulated rainfall Q1 in the T time and Rainfall runoff Q2 being collected into；
Rainfall runoff coefficient θ=Q2/Q1。
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, further, in the step 5；It is as follows that in line waste water phosphorus load adjusts formula：
W0, t=W1, t+W2, t-W3, t
Wherein W0, tFor the amount (ton) of the in line Phosphorus From Wastewater in time t；W1, tFor phosphorus in the basin sanitary wastewater in time t
Total amount (ton)；W2, tFor the total amount of the basin production Phosphorus From Wastewater in time t；W3, tFor in the sewage disposal water inlet in time t
The amount of phosphorus.
Compared with prior art, the basin external source phosphorus load measuring method that the present invention is provided, according to pollution source category not
Together, the pollution sources in region three classes have been divided into, it is to avoid computing repeatedly in calculation process, have been basin external source phosphorus load measuring and calculating
The method and steps of clear and definite is provided；Moreover, the present invention is negative using the phosphorus of each pollution sources in watershed by the way of from bottom to top
Lotus is adjusted in detail, and method support is provided to set up high-resolution water pollution phosphorus load emission inventories, is basin pollution source capsule
Control provides scientific basis.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become obvious in following description section, or pass through the practice of the present invention
Recognize.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art
The accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative work is not paid
Put, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is basin external source phosphorus load measuring method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is " water of two source three " pollution sources sorting technique block diagram.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Below by taking the measuring and calculating of Hefei basin total phosphorus load as an example, further illustrated with reference to accompanying drawing, refering to Fig. 1, measuring and calculating side
Method comprises the following steps：
Step 1: pollution sources are classified
Now 13 kinds of pollution sources in basin are divided into three classes according to " water of two source three " classification, specific classification results are shown in Fig. 2.
Step 2: setting up pollution sources phosphorus load Accounting Model
To avoid rainfall runoff from computing repeatedly, the rainfall runoff phosphorus load of each pollution sources is carried out unified accounting by the present invention.
(1) three kind of pollution entering the water phosphorus load Accounting Model
1) production waste water Accounting Model is as follows：
Wherein wI, tPollutant discharging unit i time t (my god) in discharge production Phosphorus From Wastewater amount (ton)；qI, tFor pollutant discharging unit
I time t (my god) in water total amount (m3)；piFor pollutant discharging unit i staff number (people)；For domestic consumption (m per capita3/
d)；θiFor pollutant discharging unit i production waste-water degradation (%)；ciMean concentration (the mg/ of Phosphorus From Wastewater is produced for pollutant discharging unit i
L)。
2) sanitary wastewater Accounting Model is as follows：
Wherein wI, tFor pollutant discharging unit i time t (my god) in discharge sanitary wastewater in phosphorus amount (ton)；ciFor blowdown list
The mean concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in the i sanitary wastewaters of position；piFor pollutant discharging unit i staff number (people)；For domestic consumption per capita
(m3/d)；θiFor pollutant discharging unit i sanitary wastewater emission factor (%).
(2) two kinds of pollution entering the water phosphorus load Accounting Models
Sanitary wastewater Accounting Model is as follows：
wH, t=ch×qH, t×θh×10-6
Wherein wH, tFor pollutant discharging unit h time t (my god) in discharge sanitary wastewater in phosphorus amount (ton)；chFor blowdown list
The mean concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in position h sanitary wastewater；qH, tFor pollutant discharging unit h time t (my god) in domestic water consumption
(m3)；θhFor pollutant discharging unit h sanitary wastewater emission factor (%).
(3) a kind of pollution entering the water phosphorus load Accounting Model
Basin is subjected to gridding, the rainfall runoff phosphorus load Calculating model of each grid is as follows：
Wherein wS, tThe amount (ton) of phosphorus in the rainfall runoff discharged for grid s in time t；K is that rainwater is formed in the t times
The rainfall number of times (secondary) of runoff；N is the land use pattern species in grid s；AS, nFor the n-th class land use pattern in grid s
Area (㎡)；QkFor kth time rainfall (mm)；σnFor the rainfall runoff coefficient of the n-th class land use pattern in basin；cs
For the concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in grid s rainfall runofves.
Step 3, data acquisition
The Data Collection approach of various waste water types includes basic data acquisition and monitored on the spot in the present invention.
(1) basic data is obtained：Base data type and acquiring way needed for present invention accounting is as shown in table 1.
All kinds of pollution sources investigational data types of table 1 and acquisition modes
(2) monitor on the spot：
The present invention obtains waste-water degradation, waste water phosphorus concentration and rainfall runoff coefficient by monitoring on the spot.1) waste water is arranged
Put coefficient
Waste-water degradation is wastewater discharge and the ratio of water consumption.Because water usage data can be obtained by water supply department,
Therefore only wastewater discharge need on the spot be monitored.The present invention arranges mouth and life in the waste water disposal facility of each pollutant discharging unit respectively
Sewage always arranges the discharge capacity of monitoring production waste water and sanitary wastewater at mouth.Wastewater flow rate is monitored using volumetric method.Because in basin
Pollutant discharging unit is more, therefore is surveyed using stratified sampling method；Similar blowdown list is used as using the waste-water degradation that sample is surveyed
The waste water of position produces coefficient.The foundation of each pollution sources stratified sampling is as shown in the table：
1. industrial enterprise：Extract ten enterprises (determining 17 enterprises) before wastewater discharge；Other be not directed to industry (enterprise compared with
It is many) respectively take 2 according to large, medium and small scale, i.e., each industry extracts 6 respectively；Other are not directed to industry (enterprise is less) basis
Large, medium and small scale respectively takes 1, i.e., each industry extracts 3 respectively.Industrial enterprise 30 is extracted altogether；
2. scale livestock or poultry：Without scale breeding enterprise in this basin；
3. medical services industry：Bedspace<100 and without medical waste water treatment facility；Bedspace<100 and have at medical waste water
Manage facility；Bedspace>100 and there is medical waste water treatment facility, it is each to extract 1.
4. class service trade is cleaned：Cleaning class service trade is divided into dry-cleaning, hairdressing, carwash, bathing and lavipeditum, each class shop
It is each to extract 3.
5. lodging, food and beverage sevice：Lodging industry can be divided into tourist hotel, general hotel and other lodging industries；Catering trade point
For dinner service, fast food, beverage cold drink and other catering trades.It is each that large, medium and small scale is extracted in each class shop according to area respectively
3；
6. residential area：Extract each 1 of high, medium and low cell；
7. Office Area and school：Extract Administrative area and each 3 of school (large, medium and small scale each one respectively according to population
Family)；
8. outdoor street restaurant：Extract each 2 of large, medium and small scale respectively according to the volume of the flow of passengers；
9. food market：Extract outdoor food market and each 2 of closed food market；
10. construction site：It is sampled according to construction site type, altogether sample drawn 6；
Garbage transfer station：Extract open-air and each 3 of sealed refuse terminal；
2) pollutant concentration
It is more because producing sewage discharge unit in basin, therefore use stratified sampling method (to sample according to discharge of wastewater system
Number), produce waste water phosphorus concentration using sample actual measurement production waste water phosphorus concentration as similar pollutant discharging unit.Produce the sampling monitoring of waste water
Point is arranged on the row mouthful of each waste water disposal facility.Monthly choose and be monitored for 2 days, respectively take a sample in daytime and evening daily；
Take 3 to wait every time and hold water sample, monitored after being well mixed；Concentration average is used as the mean concentration for producing Phosphorus From Wastewater twice.
Because sanitary wastewater pollutant discharging unit is more in basin, therefore stratified sampling method is used (to sample according to discharge of wastewater system
Number), similar pollutant discharging unit's sanitary wastewater phosphorus concentration is used as using sample actual measurement sanitary wastewater phosphorus concentration.The sampling monitoring of sanitary wastewater
Point is arranged on each pollution sources sanitary wastewater and always arranges mouth.Respectively 7:00-9:00、11:00-14:00 and 17:00-21:00 is adopted
Sample is monitored.3 parts of water sample is held in each period collection etc., and analysis is monitored after being well mixed.Three period average values are used as sanitary wastewater
The mean concentration of middle phosphorus.
The sampled point of rainfall runoff is arranged at the rainwater conflux of each grid.Respectively in newly formed runoff 0-5min, 5-
10min, 10-15min, 15-20min, 20-30min sampling monitoring phosphorus concentration.Each period, which takes, waits three parts of water capacity, and mixing is
Monitored after even.
3) rainfall runoff coefficient
According to the field trial step of the present invention, meadow in basin, forest land, the rainwater footpath of building site and farmland are surveyed to obtain
It is respectively 0.26,0.15,0.79,0.31 to flow coefficient.
Step 4: basin pollution sources phosphorus load discharge capacity is calculated
Results of measuring is shown in Table 2：
Certain 2-in-1 fertile basin pollution sources phosphorus load discharge capacity of table
Step 5: basin enters the measuring and calculating of extragalactic source phosphorus load
Results of measuring is shown in Table 3：
| Type | Total phosphorus (ton/year) |
| Works liquor pollutional load | 34.606 |
| Storm runoff | 52.982 |
| In line contaminated wastewater load | 20.812 |
| It is total | 108.4 |
The basin of table 3 enters extragalactic source phosphorus load
In summary, compared with prior art, the basin external source phosphorus load measuring method that the present invention is provided, with following excellent
Point；
1st, " water of two source three " pollution sources sorting technique proposed by the present invention, it is to avoid computing repeatedly in calculation process, be
Basin external source phosphorus load measuring and calculating provides the method and steps of clear and definite；
2nd, the present invention is adjusted in detail using the phosphorus load of each pollution sources in watershed by the way of from bottom to top, for foundation
High-resolution water pollution phosphorus load emission inventories provide method support, and scientific basis is provided for basin pollution sources management and control.
3rd, high-resolution external source water pollution phosphorus load accounting method proposed by the present invention can effectively assess sewage in basin
The digestion capability for the treatment of plant；
4th, basin external source phosphorus load measuring method proposed by the present invention can be calculated in basin in line waste water exactly
Phosphorus load amount, administers for Water Basin Water Pollution and provides strong scientific basis.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method, it is characterised in that including：
Step one, the sorting technique according to " water of two source three ", basin presence of pollution sources is divided into three classes；
Wherein, " two sources " in described " water of two source three " sorting technique refers to point source, face source；" three water " refer to production waste water,
Three kinds of waste water types of sanitary wastewater and rainfall runoff；
Basin presence of pollution sources is divided into three classes；
, there is production waste water, sanitary wastewater and rainfall runoff discharge in three kinds of pollutions entering the water；, there is life useless in two kinds of pollutions entering the water
Water and rainfall runoff discharge；A kind of pollution entering the water, only exists rainfall runoff discharge；
Step 2, sets up and the one-to-one phosphorus load Accounting Model of three class pollutions entering the water respectively；
Step 3, data needed for collection Accounting Model；
The data of step 4, the phosphorus load Accounting Model set up according to step 2 and step 3 collection, calculate three class water respectively
Pollution sources phosphorus load discharge capacity, three class pollution entering the water phosphorus load discharge capacitys is summed, as basin pollution sources phosphorus load discharge capacity；
Step 5, basin enters the measuring and calculating of extragalactic source phosphorus load；
Basin enter extragalactic source phosphorus load for works liquor phosphorus load, rainfall runoff phosphorus load and in line waste water phosphorus load it
With.
2. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that three class pollutions entering the water
Rainfall runoff phosphorus load carries out unified accounting.
3. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in the step 2
In；The production waste water Accounting Model of three kinds of pollutions entering the water is as follows：
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<mi>c</mi>
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</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msup>
<mn>10</mn>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>6</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
Wherein wI, tPollutant discharging unit i time t (my god) in discharge production Phosphorus From Wastewater amount (ton)；qI, tExist for pollutant discharging unit i
Time t (my god) in water total amount (m3)；piFor pollutant discharging unit i staff number (people)；For domestic consumption (m per capita3/d)；θi
For pollutant discharging unit i production waste-water degradation (%)；ciThe mean concentration (mg/L) of Phosphorus From Wastewater is produced for pollutant discharging unit i；
The sanitary wastewater Accounting Model of three kinds of pollutions entering the water is as follows：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>w</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>p</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<mover>
<mi>q</mi>
<mo>&OverBar;</mo>
</mover>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msup>
<mn>10</mn>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>6</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
Wherein wI, tFor pollutant discharging unit i time t (my god) in discharge sanitary wastewater in phosphorus amount (ton)；ciGiven birth to for pollutant discharging unit i
The mean concentration (mg/L) of Phosphorus From Wastewater living；piFor pollutant discharging unit i staff number (people)；For domestic consumption (m per capita3/d)；
θiFor pollutant discharging unit i sanitary wastewater emission factor (%).
4. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in the step 2
In；The sanitary wastewater Accounting Model of two kinds of pollutions entering the water is as follows：
wH, t=ch×qH, t×θh×10-6
Wherein wH, tFor pollutant discharging unit h time t (my god) in discharge sanitary wastewater in phosphorus amount (ton)；chFor pollutant discharging unit h's
The mean concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in sanitary wastewater；qH, tFor pollutant discharging unit h time t (my god) in domestic water consumption (m3)；
θhFor pollutant discharging unit h sanitary wastewater emission factor (%).
5. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that three class pollutions entering the water
Rainfall runoff phosphorus load measuring method is：
Basin is subjected to gridding, the rainfall runoff phosphorus load Calculating model of each grid is as follows：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>w</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
</munderover>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</munderover>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&sigma;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>S</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>c</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>j</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<msup>
<mn>10</mn>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>9</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein wS, tThe amount (ton) of phosphorus in the rainfall runoff discharged for grid s in time t；K is that rainfall runoff is formed in the t times
Rainfall number of times (secondary)；N is the land use pattern species in grid s；AS, nFor the face of the n-th class land use pattern in grid s
Product (㎡)；QkFor kth time rainfall (mm)；σnFor the rainfall runoff coefficient of the n-th class land use pattern in basin；csFor net
The concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in lattice s rainfall runofves.
6. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that production discharge of wastewater system
The measuring method of number and sanitary wastewater emission factor is as follows：
It is production wastewater discharge and the ratio of water consumption to produce waste-water degradation, and sanitary wastewater emission factor is sanitary wastewater
The ratio of discharge capacity and water consumption；Wherein, water usage data is obtained by water supply department, production wastewater discharge and sanitary wastewater row
High-volume by monitoring acquisition on the spot；
Specifically, the waste water disposal facility respectively in each pollutant discharging unit arranges mouth and sanitary sewage always arranges monitoring production waste water at mouth
And the discharge capacity of sanitary wastewater, discharge capacity is monitored using flowmeter method or volumetric method.
7. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that production Phosphorus From Wastewater
The measuring method of the mean concentration of phosphorus is as follows in the mean concentration and rainfall runoff of phosphorus in mean concentration, sanitary wastewater：
The sampling monitoring point of production waste water is arranged on the row mouthful of each waste water disposal facility；Monthly choose and be monitored for 2 days, exist daily
Daytime and evening respectively take a sample；Take 3 to wait every time and hold water sample, monitored after being well mixed；Concentration average is useless as production twice
The mean concentration of phosphorus in water；
The sampling monitoring point of sanitary wastewater is arranged on each pollution sources sanitary wastewater and always arranges mouth；Respectively 7:00-9:00、11:00-
14:00 and 17:00-21:00 carries out sampling monitoring；3 parts of water sample is held in each period collection etc., and analysis is monitored after being well mixed；Three
Individual period average value as phosphorus in sanitary wastewater mean concentration；
The sampled point of rainfall runoff is arranged at the rainwater conflux of each grid；Respectively in newly formed runoff 0-5min, 5-
10min, 10-15min, 15-20min, 20-30min sampling monitoring phosphorus concentration；Each period, which takes, waits three parts of water capacity, and mixing is
Monitored after even.
8. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that use stratified sampling
Method, production waste water phosphorus concentration is surveyed as the production waste water phosphorus concentration of similar pollutant discharging unit using sample；Using stratified sampling method, with
Sample surveys sanitary wastewater phosphorus concentration as the sanitary wastewater phosphorus concentration of similar pollutant discharging unit.
9. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that rainfall runoff coefficient
Measuring method, is comprised the following steps that：
The characteristics of rainfall in basin is fully understanded, the rainfall of simulated experiment is determined；
Choose experiment plot：Meadow, forest land, construction land, each 1 piece of farmland are chosen in basin；
Simulated rainfall is carried out to experiment plot using single spraying head rainer, rain time is T；
Record the Simulated rainfall Q in T time1And the Rainfall runoff Q being collected into2；
Rainfall runoff coefficient θ=Q2/Q1。
10. a kind of basin external source phosphorus load measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 5
In；It is as follows that in line waste water phosphorus load adjusts formula：
W0, t=W1, t+W2, t-W3, t
Wherein W0, tFor the amount (ton) of the in line Phosphorus From Wastewater in time t；W1, tFor in the basin sanitary wastewater in time t phosphorus it is total
Measure (ton)；W2, tFor the total amount of the basin production Phosphorus From Wastewater in time t；W3, tFor phosphorus in the sewage disposal water inlet in time t
Amount.
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| CN110555545A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-10 | 南京大学 | Method for measuring and calculating sewage load of domestic sewage based on space-time characteristics |
| CN110555545B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2022-12-02 | 南京大学 | Method for measuring and calculating sewage load of domestic sewage based on space-time characteristics |
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