CN108763845A - A kind of novel tier building design optimization method and optimization system of bordering on the river - Google Patents

A kind of novel tier building design optimization method and optimization system of bordering on the river Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108763845A
CN108763845A CN201810948889.4A CN201810948889A CN108763845A CN 108763845 A CN108763845 A CN 108763845A CN 201810948889 A CN201810948889 A CN 201810948889A CN 108763845 A CN108763845 A CN 108763845A
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river
collision
model
bim
pipeline
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吴旭
王帅
戴丽
张爱国
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Nantong Institute of Technology
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    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads

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Abstract

The invention belongs to architectural design technical fields, disclose a kind of novel border on the river tier building design optimization method and optimization system, import BIM models, established BIM models are imported into from Revit in Navisworks softwares;Requirement to collision detection is configured and starts collision detection;Export testing result;According to derived as a result, into being optimized to model in Revit softwares;Modified model is imported again in Navisworks softwares;Repeated collision detects, until collision points are 0.The present invention is not only simply to integrate digital information or a kind of design, construction, management are become method for digitizing.Cost-effective, the saving duration can be played in construction-engineering project, avoided risk and other effects.

Description

A kind of novel tier building design optimization method and optimization system of bordering on the river
Technical field
The invention belongs to architectural design technical field, more particularly to it is a kind of it is novel border on the river tier building design optimization method and Optimization system.
Background technology
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade is such:
In the construction project in the present age, because the specific multi-specialized department of the surface division of labor cannot co-ordination well And the loss of duration and cost caused by project are clearly present, in recent years since people increasingly thirst for reducing and evade these Loss, BIM technology are shown one's talent in the tendency of the day, show very hot scene.Current BIM technology passes through 3-dimensional digital Real information possessed by technical modelling building provides mutually coordinated, internally consistent information mould for engineering design and construction Type makes the design, construction, management of the project become digitlization, integration, preferably cooperates for each profession and provides platform And method, each profession coordination improve, and can reduce engineering production cost, ensure that engineering is pressed matter and completed on time.It allows and is building The effect for improving efficiency, reducing risks is played in engineering.
Domestic research at present
Since last century end, China accelerates the development of construction industry to realize urbanization, real estate industry also because This is flourishing.Finally, China is more than at one stroke the U.S., becomes the No.1 building big country in the whole world, thus also with engineering design task amount The case where big and wide coverage, constantly there are new technology, material, design philosophy to emerge.The work of following design industry Skill level will be continuously improved, including design, design audit, budget, construction, engineering management, building all construction industries such as O&M Business will be all integrated together.
In recent years, BIM is the new technology for causing architectural design digital technology and entering higher level innovation.This is from drafting figure Architectural design technological revolution after table and Hand drawing to 2D computer graphical transition.3D computer graphics techniques based on BIM Be also two-dimension computer graphics after architectural design technology second revolution.
Li Yan, Liao Zaiyi et al. propose that the application of BIM makes the specialized department of each participation project initially be fused into unification It is whole, it reduces due to extra cost caused by information asymmetry, common beneficium divisionis and risk.However at home, most Building enterprise, especially small and medium construction enterprise, it is contemplated that hardware cost is high, return it is difficult to predict etc. factors, have been at sight Prestige state, could not enterprises set up BIM departments or only accomplish in form, but not truly with BIM be build If project service.BIM localizations development is therefore hindered.But recently as the active support of the government, relevant policies Constantly publication, it is believed that the country, which can emerge, much to be had the BIM team of advanced management pattern and bring many receipts by BIM technology The mark post project of benefit.
Li Li points out that BIM makes the coordination of each profession more more convenient than original.By BIM softwares by the drawing of each profession It is created as threedimensional model and is placed in uniform operational plane, model files for linking other professions here are similar to two-dimensional design In outer non-economic, only threedimensional model can clearly show problem in accurate BIM models, such as pipeline Between collision, the collision of pipeline and structure, reserved opening omit or size not to situations such as.These because of each profession coordination not Enough problems well, can just be kept away to the construction stage to the design mistake that project causes damages before construction Exempt from, improves the quality and efficiency of design and construction.
Liao Junhui thinks that BIM technology can allow the various growth requirements in architectural design industry to be met.It is built in tradition Build in design pattern, designer will often devote a tremendous amount of time to design and change construction drawing, but have BIM technology it Afterwards, the modification of construction drawing just becomes extremely simple, and can need the ground optimized in easier discovery drawing in early period Side.BIM technology can also be used as the database of architectural engineering simultaneously, and digital information is present among BIM models, and BIM moulds Type can be convenient for carrying in mobile phone, flat lamp mobile platform, can accomplish that timely information is clear to each participant of project It is single to present.On this basis, going out a series of functions such as figure, analysis calculating, rendering also can easily realize.
Liu accounts for province, Zhao Ming, Xu Ruilong describe applicable cases of the BIM technology at home in some projects.Beijing in 2008 One of the symbol of the Olympic Games building Water Cube is a totally-enclosed building being made of completely membrane structure.It is related due to lacking Actual items experience, so the solid modelling of the project and the difficulty of structure design are high, but design group has used and has been based on BIM skills The modeling software of art completes the foundation of 3D models, and is realized using the information parameter function of BIM and accurately go out figure.No Only in this way, many mega projects have all applied to BIM technology, such as Chinese first high building Shanghai Center Building, the generation that is pleasantly surprised in 2010 The Shanghai World's Fair Chinese Pavilion on boundary, the PORT OF TIANJIN International Cruising harbour of numerous viking lines discrepancy, the municipal administration of multiple functional Beijing Be engaged in service centre etc..Currently, more and more projects have been realized in designer, construction personnel and project owner's common implementing The work compound of BIM technology, to more fully realize the value of BIM technology.But the development of country BIM is also deposited at present In many shortcomings, promotion and application of the BIM technology in China are restrict, as correlation BIM standards are perfect not enough, BIM phases Research and development of software is closed to be not mature enough.Based on present circumstances, the system of more learning overseas maturations is also needed, and constantly summarize state's mean terms Mesh is put into practice, and effort explores one, and to meet China actual
BIM technology development.
Li Jianping is discussed with regard to BIM in the application of construction stage, and BIM can simulate work progress, originally In static BIM models, the concept of time can be vouchsafed in software, and construction speed is subjected to overall process mould according to the duration It is quasi-, in construction simulation animation, be likely encountered in construction as platform can be showed intuitively with the problems such as structural conflict Out and it is found, it is thus, this based on the theory for first trying to build afterwards, it for design optimization, is carried by Virtual Construction technology The means of high designing quality have become ensure can application property and the smooth degree of constructing excellent means.Liu Yuefeng is according to oneself In the experience of structure design industry for many years, applications of the BIM in structure design is analyzed.
When structure design is an apprentice of thing architectural design work, it should be noted that Architectural Structure Design is not the letter of various structure members Single group is closed.On the contrary, it is necessary to by making a concrete analysis of organic organization each structural elements, be combined to be formed one it is unified whole Body.
Architectural design only in this way just can ensure that the stability of building and enhance the shock resistance of building.BIM technologies The performance of building structure can effectively be analyzed.It can be effectively increased the stability of structure in this way and can also play and save material Effect.And in this graduation project, I can also apply to the combination of BIM and structure design, and bigger is created for construction project Value.
Chang Qian thinks that the management mode of high quality is the guarantee that not only project is smoothly implemented, but also project can also be allowed to participate in Personnel are improved.Each designer can not only be proficient in the part work that he is responsible for, moreover it is possible to fully understand project various pieces Design and other profession.Each designer is allowed not only to learn professional skill from project, moreover it is possible to by devising for BIM platforms The knowledge of decorrelation professional.Make personal and group's two-win, this is a kind of organic management pattern of high quality.Yang Jian is summarized Road, BIM technology represent the trend that construction industry complies with era development, and BIM technology is widely applied in architectural design, Architectural design is set to become efficient and high-quality.The representative Revit softwares of author's detailed analysis are in architectural design Application achievements, Revit softwares are not only a outstanding modeling software comprising various parameters and structure or a can build Vertical working set allows the staff of multiple professions to participate in the workbench of project.In this platform, the personnel of different majors gather around There are different rights, co-ordination to make it possible that each professional coordinated works.But it wherein still has several drawbacks, needs not Secondary development is summarized and is subject in practice disconnectedly, to keep it more perfect.
Liu Zhe propositions, necessary clear BIM not instead of softwares, more excellent designer, using in this way in architectural design A series of softwares preferably complete design task, while can also allow project yield.
Liu Chao discusses road:The design of green building is a part for green waves instantly, and green building emphasizes building Influence of the Life cycle to nature, is related to material, energy saving, light, heat etc., and not certain technological means is to be difficult to reality Existing.BIM technology is as noun hot in recent years and a kind of informationization technology through Whole Life Cycle of Projects, BIM skills Art and the concept thought of green building are extremely agreed with.BIM models with numerous parameters such as material, size and to constructing and runing Etc. processes simulation, exactly provide technology platform to green architectural design.The two forms a kind of promotion mutually, complements each other State.
Huang Xiaoming is summed up after applications of the BIM in structure design is explored and studied, traditional cad technique It is based primarily upon 2D, can not accomplish that many details parameter expressions come out in building, limitation is too big, cannot meet building work Journey low consumption, the requirement of low stain.Not only accomplish directly observe each structure of building by three-dimensional view angle using BIM technology Part, and establish powerful database and be associated the parameter in structure design, moreover it is possible to allow each profession to accomplish data sharing, effectively Solve the problems, such as the various of construction project Life cycle.BIM technology has powerful function, but hsrdware requirements are high, and left-hand seat is difficult Degree is big.Therefore, projector needs constantly to learn new technical ability, improves the integration capability of itself, grasps BIM technology comprehensively, and Thus the quality or even project construction quality of structure design can also be improved while improving working efficiency.
Foreign study present situation
A.T.Kassem proposes that data effectively can be integrated and be played in actual engineering construction management by BIM Certain effect.
He Lingtong is concluded having studied BIM after the current situation in the U.S..The U.S. is to develop BIM early on Country.Currently, the U.S. has accounted for the most of of all construction projects using the construction project of BIM technology.According to McGraw The result of study of Hill, American Engineering construction industry rise to 49% in 2009 using the percentage of BIM from 28% in 2007 With 71% in 2012.74% contractor has been carried out BIM, has been more than architect's (70%) and mechanically and electrically engineer (67%).BIM technologies have created many benefits, therefore value is also approved.What Tsing-Hua University, Yang Delei, Zheng Xian is right External BIM development points out that external BIM application developments are quite ripe, and start to other field after having locked detailed research It extends, such as is combined with GIS technology, the CIBIM technologies for improving apartment house type.Generally speaking, the extension of application field Promote the perfect of BIM.
BIM technology has become highly important a kind of technology in construction project, it serves the construction project complete period, has Apparent effect that is cost-effective, saving duration, prioritization scheme, comparative maturity and has been brought very in external application Big income.Although at home not as good as the ripe of development abroad but quite burning hot, it is believed that under the promotion of related numerous proprietors, Domestic BIM technology can be more and more ripe, and embodies its due value.Invention is mainly with BIM technology in architectural design It is applied in scheme, architectural design scheme is effectively optimized.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
In existing building design scheme, industry operational mode and management mode there are not perfect, do not utilize BIM skills Art cannot greatly improve engineering efficiency and quality in the application of construction project Life cycle, cannot reduce or even evade engineering In waste, reduce construction cost.
In existing building design, often there is structure and mutually collide, the project construction wasting of resources and construction period is caused to prolong Accidentally.
Solve the difficulty and meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
The difficulty universal cultural quality of first-line staff that is to construct now is not high, one line of building site that BIM technology is carried out is had tired Difficulty, staff training is of high cost, and training difficulty is big, related platform, and hardware and software is of high cost.
Meaning is, if realizing application of the BIM technology in construction project Life cycle, will greatly improve engineering effect Rate and quality, while the waste even evaded in engineering is reduced, reduce construction cost.
Invention content
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of novel tier building design optimization methods that borders on the river. Invention is mainly applied with BIM technology in architectural design scheme, is effectively optimized to architectural design scheme.
The tier building design optimization method the invention is realized in this way one kind borders on the river, the tier building design that borders on the river Optimization method includes:
Import BIM models:Established BIM models are imported into from Revit in Navisworks softwares;By BIM models In structure discipline model and electromechanical speciality model export as two nwc formatted files respectively (nwc formats be Navisworks special A kind of format), then two nwc files are opened simultaneously with Navisworks softwares, this spline structure and electromechanical model just succeed Import Navisworks softwares;
Collision checking function into Navisworks softwares, the requirement to collision detection are configured (such as collision class Type, tolerance), and start collision detection;
Navisworks softwares can export testing result after completing detection and generate examining report, and report includes all The coordinate position and collision reason of collision;
According to derived as a result, into being optimized to model in Revit softwares.
Further, the method for the collision detection includes:
Collision between pipeline and pipeline:Pipeline position, the plan-position such as changing section pipeline and facade position are changed, Pipeline midway is increased when necessary and is bent, around the pipeline of collision.
Collision between pipeline and structure (slab column):Adjustment pipeline position makes why it (does not repair around structure division Change structure, be because modification structure will re-start structural load calculating, workload is larger).
Modified model is imported again in Navisworks softwares;
Repeated collision detects, until collision points are 0;
The place of clear height optimization is optimized;
It reduces pipeline and pipeline is rationally arranged, clear height is accomplished maximum by pipeline, the vertical range of pipeline and structure.
It repeats the above steps, is finally completed.
Further, the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river further comprises:Daylighting is analyzed and optimization:
Established BIM models are imported into Si Weier daylightings analysis;
Project place in daylighting, daylighting criterion relevant parameter are set;
After relative parameters setting is fully completed, daylighting calculating is carried out, generating testing result after the completion of calculating, (Si Weier is green to be built Software can be calculated voluntarily after setting design parameter and export report).
Further, the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river further comprises:Energy-saving analysis and optimization,
BIM models import to Si Weier is green builds energy-saving analysis software, to Shape Coefficient, window-wall ratio, visible transmission ratio and Roof construction relevant parameter is configured, and the green softwares of building of Si Weier can carry out certainly according to the parameter (such as area, season) of setting Dynamic analysis, and export analysis result.
Further, the foundation of BIM models includes:
Architectural discipline model establishes BIM models in Revit;
The foundation of structure discipline model, is loaded into the System Families of structural elements, then the parameter of each structure member is arranged;
The foundation of electromechanical speciality model,
Into Revit, on the basis of the buildings model of completion, pipe fitting relevant parameter is set, relevant race is loaded into;Then chain CAD diagram paper is connect to Revit, and accurately corresponds to completed buildings model position in plan view, carries out electromechanical model It establishes.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of computers for the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river described in realize Program.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of information meters for the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river described in realize Calculation machine.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of computer readable storage mediums, including instruction, when it is in computer When upper operation so that computer executes the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river.
Another object of the present invention is to provide bordering on the river for tier building design optimization method of bordering on the river described in a kind of realize is more Layer architectural design optimization system, the tier building design optimization system that borders on the river include:
BIM model import moduls:For established BIM models to be imported into from Revit in Navisworks softwares; Two nwc formatted files individually are exported as, then two nwc files are once opened simultaneously with Navisworks softwares;
Collision detection module, the requirement to collision detection are configured and start collision detection;
Detection module is exported, for exporting testing result;
Optimization module, according to derived as a result, into being optimized to model in Revit softwares.
Again detection module is imported, modified model is imported again in Navisworks softwares;Repeated collision detects, Until collision points are 0;
Clear height optimization module optimizes the place of clear height optimization.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of buildings for the tier building design optimization system that borders on the river described in carrying to set Count platform.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect are:
Optimize interior net storey height, interior have bigger for the movable space of people, while structure floor height can be lowered to reach Reduce the result of materials'use.
The present invention is by establishing accurate buildings model, by true possessed by digital information analogue simulation building Information.There are five features for its tool:Visualization, harmony, simulation, optimization property and figure can be gone out.As a kind of digital information Digital information is not only simply integrated or a kind of becomes to digitize by design, construction, management by the BIM of application Method.Cost-effective, the saving duration can be played in construction-engineering project, avoided risk and other effects.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention implements the novel tier building design optimization method flow chart that borders on the river provided.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention implements the novel tier building design optimization system schematic that borders on the river provided.
In figure:1, BIM models import modul;2, collision detection module;3, detection module is exported;4, optimization module;5, again It is new to import detection module;6, clear height optimization module.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.
The application principle of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides the novel tier building design optimization method that borders on the river, include the following steps:
S101:BIM models are imported, established BIM models are imported into from Revit in Navisworks softwares;Individually Two nwc formatted files are exported as, then two nwc files are once opened simultaneously with Navisworks softwares;
S102:Requirement to collision detection is configured and starts collision detection;
S103:Export testing result;
S104:According to derived as a result, into being optimized to model in Revit softwares.
S105:Modified model is imported again in Navisworks softwares;
S106:Repeated collision detects, until collision points are 0;
S107:The place of clear height optimization is optimized;
S108:It repeats the above steps, is finally completed.
In step S102, the method for collision detection includes:
Collision between pipeline and pipeline:Pipeline position, the plan-position such as changing section pipeline and facade position are changed, Pipeline midway is increased when necessary and is bent, around the pipeline of collision.
Collision between pipeline and structure (slab column):Adjustment pipeline position makes why it (does not repair around structure division Change structure, be because modification structure will re-start structural load calculating, workload is larger).
In step S107, reduces pipeline and pipeline, the vertical range of pipeline and structure rationally arrange pipeline, by clear height Accomplish maximum.
The tier building design optimization method that borders on the river further comprises:Daylighting is analyzed and optimization:
Established BIM models are imported into Si Weier daylightings analysis;
Project place in daylighting, daylighting criterion relevant parameter are set;
After relative parameters setting is fully completed, daylighting calculating is carried out, testing result is generated after the completion of calculating.
The tier building design optimization method that borders on the river further comprises:Energy-saving analysis and optimization,
BIM models import to Si Weier is green builds energy-saving analysis software, to Shape Coefficient, window-wall ratio, visible transmission ratio and Roof construction relevant parameter is configured and is analyzed, and exports analysis result.
The foundation of BIM models includes:
Architectural discipline model establishes BIM models in Revit;
The foundation of structure discipline model, is loaded into the System Families of structural elements, then the parameter of each structure member is arranged;
The foundation of electromechanical speciality model,
Into Revit, on the basis of the buildings model of completion, pipe fitting relevant parameter is set, relevant race is loaded into;Then chain CAD diagram paper is connect to Revit, and accurately corresponds to completed buildings model position in plan view, carries out electromechanical model It establishes.
Such as Fig. 2, the multilayer that borders on the river for the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river described in realization provided in an embodiment of the present invention is built Design optimization system is built, including:
BIM models import modul 1:For established BIM models to be imported into from Revit in Navisworks softwares; Two nwc formatted files individually are exported as, then two nwc files are once opened simultaneously with Navisworks softwares;
Collision detection module 2, the requirement to collision detection are configured and start collision detection;
Detection module 3 is exported, for exporting testing result;
Optimization module 4, according to derived as a result, into being optimized to model in Revit softwares.
Again detection module 5 is imported, modified model is imported again in Navisworks softwares;Repeated collision is examined It surveys, until collision points are 0;
Clear height optimization module 6 optimizes the place of clear height optimization.
With reference to concrete analysis, the invention will be further described.
In model foundation early-stage preparations,
(1) complete construction drawing
It is to be selected suitable BIM softwares based on existing construction drawing, established complete and standard that BIM, which optimizes major way, at present BIM models, by established model can intuitively see design on defect and construction in be likely encountered some ask Topic.So a complete construction drawing is the raw material of BIM optimizations.
Each professional construction figure and each profession BIM models are also opposite.
(2) suitable BIM softwares
Present market BIM software categories are various, and performance level is uneven, and suitable BlM softwares are selected just according to actual conditions It is particularly important, is the software matrix 1 arrived involved in the present invention below.
1 software matrix of table
Dbase Version Purposes Affiliated developer
Revit 2016 Each profession modeling Autodesk
Navisworks 2014 Collision detection, roaming Autodesk
Auto CAD 2014 Drawing is changed Autodesk
Revit is one of BIM groupwares of mainstream on Vehicles Collected from Market, is by U.S. Ou Teke (Autodesk) company The title of a set of groupware of exploitation.The Revit groupwares aim at BIM and are born, and architect can be helped to design, and build More preferably with maintenance quality, energy-efficient building.
Revit is provided as a kind of application program, it combine AutodeskRevitArchitecture, The function of AutodeskRevitMEP and AutodeskRevitStructure softwares.
AutodeskNavisworks is also mainstream BIM softwares, the design data that it can create the Revit groupwares It is combined with model and other information, and realizes multiple functions, such as collision detection, true man's roaming, 3D cartoon making, be The competent assistant of Revit.
AutoCAD softwares be by the automatic computing engine Autocad of the U.S. Ou Teke a classics produced, can be with For drawing two dimensional drafting and basic three dimensional design, by it without understanding programming, you can autodraft, and left-hand seat operation side Just, therefore it is widely used in the whole world.It can be used for civil construction, decoration, industry mapping, Graphing of Engineering, electronics industry, Many-sided field such as clothes processing.
In the foundation of BIM models,
(1) foundation of architectural discipline model
The foundation of BIM models can be shown DWG files by way of linking or being loaded into based on CAD diagram paper In Revit, since this project axis net and wall are not extremely complex, so buildings model part does not use the method, but It has selected directly to establish BIM models in Revit.
1. absolute altitude axis net;
Absolute altitude and the establishment of axis net are similar with CAD, but also have difference, and the establishment of absolute altitude will also create correspondence relatively Plan view facilitate next stage plane axis net and the establishment of other components.Wherein it is important that first to create absolute altitude right Axis net is created afterwards, in the indexed plane that the axis net otherwise first created creates after can not reaching.
2. the establishment and insertion of wall and floor race
According to the requirement in CAD diagram paper, the establishment of the race of exterior wall, interior wall, lavatory partition wall and floor is carried out first.These races It is then corresponding modification to be carried out to race based in system.Wherein, the parameters such as the material of wall, thickness, each layer will be complete It is kind;
Wall race is exactly to insert after creating, and is inserted into along axis net, and operation and CAD are similar, but is had more compared to CAD More parameters needs to adjust accurate;
3. the establishment and insertion of door and window race
All door and windows in BIM models all must be as consistent with requiring as possible, rather than the structure being made of lines in CAD Part is difficult complete one with parameters such as pattern, size and the materials of the door and window required in drawing although Revit carries race library Sample, so the model of each door and window is required for individually creating.
Strictly each door and window race file is made to pattern, related atlas according to the parameter of door and window schedule in drawing to institute.It can be with It is directly established with related race's model, the making for finally completing door and window race can also be made an amendment on the basis of original door and window race;
Established door and window race file all saves as rfa formats, is then loaded into model file, then presses opposite position It is inserted into;
Corresponding wall and door and window replicate and paste other floors, modifies adjustment, reaches further according to drawing Preliminary Results;
(2) foundation of structure discipline model
The foundation of structure BIM models and the foundation for building BIM models are more similar, the system for being mainly loaded into structural elements Race, then set the parameter of each structure member.
1. link structure CAD diagram paper enters Revit, the drawing of column is first imported, is configured according to relevant parameter size;
2. establishing beam and basis
The model that beam and basis are established according to the position of drawing and parameter, it is noted that corresponding drawing when being provided with beam parameter To the position of beam into line displacement;
(3) foundation of electromechanical speciality model
Revit is initially entered, on the basis of the buildings model completed before, pipe fitting relevant parameter is set, is loaded into relevant Race.Then link CAD diagram paper is accurately corresponding with completed buildings model position by it to Revit, and in plan view, side Just the foundation of electromechanical model.Modeling method is similar with building structure, worries special lime light;
1. in order to smoothly be loaded into pipe fitting, the System Families such as pipeline and the foundation for completing electromechanical model, need to pipe fitting Relevant parameter is arranged in detail, including conduit types, the detailed setting of pipeline section and pipe fitting, elbow, on-link mode (OLM) etc.;
2. reading over the CAD diagram paper having connected and the detailed description in former CAD diagram paper and other parameters;
Electromechanical model is completed, and is laid the foundation for mid-term optimization.
With reference to concrete analysis, the invention will be further described.
1. optimization point explanation
1.1 structure optimization
1.1.1 why structure optimization is carried out
(1) cost-effective
The pith of cost management inherently engineering construction management, reasonable arrangement under conditions of meeting related specifications Structural elements, to control cost.Simultaneously, it is necessary to economical and environmentally friendly principle will be included in comprehensive analysis, and select low energy consumptive material Material, and reduce the use of a variety of materials to the greatest extent, to achieve the effect that reduce material cost.In addition, by being carried out to inside configuration It rationally designs, increases space availability ratio as far as possible, and more efficient and practical design side is obtained in limited cost-range Case.
(2) material is saved
One building structure design whether the structure design for being, will largely see the saving Chengdu of material. Because under the premise of reaching relevant criterion and requiring, whether the material used is less, has used the materials such as how many reinforcing bar, concrete Material, what model and specification etc. directly influence the cost of entire project.If first floor is less with a steel Muscle, 30 layers are exactly 30, and ten buildings are exactly 300, and the importance of material is saved in details and is just seemed in structure design It is particularly important.
Certainly material is saved not just to save cost, even more to the saving of resource, the raw material cement of concrete, The primary raw materials such as sand, stone, the making raw material of reinforcing bar, both from the Nature.The excessive exploitation of the mankind asks for building to the Nature Raw material, inherently to the destruction of the Nature.So it is protection to the Nature to save material, also with the sustainable development in China Exhibition strategy matches.
(3) comprehensive functional
Architectural engineering is served the people after all as mankind's basic substance living environment, structure optimization.In addition to one Outside a little basic requirements, more structure is optimized from the sense organ angle of people, for example build whether house-owner can be met Whether the comfort requirement of daily life, security performance meet.If structure optimization is departing from this main body of people, that optimization is just It is nonsensical.
1.1.2 specifically optimizing a little
In the design scheme of script, use is that steel construction considers by comprehensive analysis in the present invention, is built View is modified as concrete frame structure.
The advantage and disadvantage of steel construction and concrete frame structure are compared first.
Structure type contrast table
Although steel construction Comparison framework structural cost is more lower, steel building needs are periodically derusted, are safeguarded Work, certain cost will be consumed each time by safeguarding, a big disadvantage of the perishable inherently steel construction that easily gets rusty, but this building In lakeside, on the water, moisture is heavier for half, and is located at coastal cities Nantong.Annual plum rain season rainfall and moisture all ten Divide seriously, this largely expands this disadvantage, not only generates threat to the safety of building indirectly, but also be easy increase The derusting of steel construction, maintenance times directly increase the maintenance cost of building.
So considering analysis, it is proposed that make structure type into frame structure.
1.2 collision detections and its optimization based on BIM
1.2.1 the necessity of collision detection is carried out
Water pipe, ventilation duct, cable testing bridge, fire protection pipeline in construction project etc. are all with lines in traditional 2D drawings Existing for the form of figure layer, the mistake and problem of design cannot be intuitively found.Therefore to the construction stage, staff holds Often there is various problem when installing various platforms in three-dimensional space in 2D drawings, such as the conflict between pipeline, pipe Collision (such as pipeline and beam) between road and structure, upper space waste etc. caused by pipeline arrangement is mixed and disorderly.These problems go out It now often leads to do over again, the waste of duration delayed with material causes very important loss to project, especially in the scale of construction Greatly, in complicated construction project, the limitations of 2D drawings embodies more obvious.
Collision detection based on BIM, so that it may to well solve these problems, be reduced for project and even evade these Loss caused by meaningless collision.In relevant BIM softwares, BIM engineer is complete by the pipeline in building in the spaces 3D " construct " in advance one time in portion, it is possible to create collision cover all at one glance under the powerful function of BIM softwares.It solves to go back while collision The position of pipeline can be adjusted preferably to utilize space, achieve the effect that promote clear height.Since having used BIM Technology " construction " one time when that is really constructed, there is the guide of BIM, collides without the waste of duration and material is not In the presence of realizing truly cost-effective and save the duration.By the cost and duration of BIM technology saving common May be millions of and several days several weeks of hundreds of thousands in project, but in large project, using with do not carry out collision inspection using BIM technology It surveys, may be exactly thousands of trillion cost and the duration gap of some months, it can be seen that, building is touched using BIM technology Hit detection nowadays this advocate thriftiness social environment under it is very necessary.
1.2.2 specifically optimizing a little
(1) optimize the point of impingement
Pipeline tends to generate collision with structure, should be collision in the construction process and leads to not construct, thus because To do over again and the case where wasting manpower and material resources happens occasionally, the point of impingement can be found that before construction with Navisworks softwares, And move towards to arrange or change structural elements by changing pipeline in the Revit models and solve the point of impingement, even to reduction Avoid the rejection and waste being likely to occur in the construction process.
(2) increase clear height
Again by accurate Revit models, under the premise of ensureing not collide, modification pipeline arrangement can be carried effectively Rise interior net storey height.
1.3 green build optimization
1.3.1 what is green building
It is in the life cycle management of building to green building, economize on resources (energy saving, saving soil to the maximum extent Ground saves water resource, saves material), environmental protection and reduction are polluted, and are provided for people healthy, applicable and efficient using empty Between, the building with natural harmony symbiosis.
" green " of " green building " does not imply that three-dimensional greening and roof garden in general sense, but a conception of species Or symbol.Refer to the building of environmental sound, the environment that can be made full use of the natural resources, not welding is substantially raw when construction State balances.It is referred to as sustainable, ecotecture, back to nature building, energy conservation and environmental protection construction.
The interior layout of green building is very reasonable, allows live and feels to live in the Nature.With people with building and certainly Right harmonious development is target, while building healthy, healthy living environment using natural conditions and artificial means, to the greatest extent Control and natural environment may be reduced using and destroying, fully reflect to the Nature ask for and return between balance.
1.3.2 why to carry out green building optimization
(1) national conditions policy
The green step of building up in China starts from the second half in 20th century, and starting is than later compared with American-European countries.At home, green building It is gradually promoted for core with energy saving.Under the guidance of the strategy of sustainable development, green building is in China by attention degree It is continuously improved.Government is also pushing the universal of green building energetically.Macroscopically determine strategic objective, the development of Development of Green Building Planning, techno-economic policy, while also relevant laws and regulations system is improved and changed, to ensure pushing away for green building Extensively, the industrial structure for promoting green building is gradually built.
(2) industry development situation
The present invention is exactly to be optimized to building by current advanced hot BIM technology, BIM and green is built inherently Complementary relationship.China's Green Architecture System, which is put into effect, only has ten years, and there are no form complete set pattern and mode side Method;The time that China introduces BIM is not also grown, although in recent years very hot, compare with the most widely used U.S., still deposits In no small gap.If be combined green building and BIM in the case of all no especially ripe now, one is being undergone After the process of break-in, one surely releases potential energy.Green building has the reason theory of industry 4.0 and assembled-type house Guidance, then be combined with BIM technology with Internet technology, technology of Internet of things, it is believed that green building will have in China to be estimated The great development of amount.The present invention closely follows industrial situation, and green build is combined with BIM, to design scheme carry out it is green build optimization, while It is to BIM and green to build the exploration being combined.
1.3.3 specifically optimizing a little
(1) daylighting is analyzed
Using related software, based on established BIM models, point qualitatively and quantitatively is carried out to the daylighting of building Analysis according to demand and relevant criterion modifies optimization to relevant parameter.
(2) HVAC load
Thermal technology's model is established, the Energy-saving Situation of building is analyzed, the place of needs is optimized.
2. specific Optimized Measures
2.1 structure optimization
Steel construction part in former design scheme is deleted, according to related specifications, structural modeling is carried out using PKPM softwares, And carry out modification and perfection after carrying out load calculating.(referring to drawing file and BIM model files)
2.2 collision detections and its optimization based on BIM
1. importing BIM models
Established BIM models point profession is imported into Navisworks softwares (i.e. nwc formats) from Revit.Wherein Building structure model and electromechanical model are individually shown, two nwc formatted files are then individually exported as, followed in turn by Navisworks softwares once open simultaneously two nwc files.
2. " collision detection " function of being carried into software.
3. the requirement to collision detection is configured and starts collision detection.
4. exporting testing result.
Detect 49 collisions.Collision account 2 is exported with Navisworks softwares.
Table 2
5. according to derived as a result, into being optimized to model in Revit softwares.Table 3
Table 3
Crash classification and its modification
Collision situation Select optimal way
Pipeline and wall Reserved opening is set
Pipeline and floor Reserved opening is set or adjusts the angle position
Pipeline and frame (beam column) Adjust pipeline position
Pipeline and pipeline Adjust pipeline position
6. modified model is imported again in Navisworks softwares.
7. 2. -6. step is repeated, until collision points are 0.
8. the place that can optimize to clear height optimizes.
9. repeating 1. -7. step, it is finally completed.
2.3 green build optimization
2.3.1 optimization tool and its flow introduction
Used in the present invention it is green build software to be that Si Weier series is green build software, be that the green building of current domestic mainstream is soft One of part.
General Optimizing Flow:
1. established BIM models are imported into, Si Weier is green to be built in software.
2. entering software correlation function.
3. exporting analysis result.
4. being modified optimization to BIM models according to analysis result.
5. repeating 1. -4. step.
2.3.2 daylighting analysis and its optimization
1. the established BIM models of project are imported Si Weier daylightings analysis.
2. relevant parameter is arranged
The related data of daylighting design is arranged in detail, such as the project place in daylighting setting, daylighting criterion;Room Between type be also required to be arranged in detail, because of different room types different daylighting criterion corresponding simultaneously.The detailed ginseng of door and window Number is also perfect, because material parameters therein directly influence the daylighting effect in room.
After correlation setting is fully completed, you can carry out daylighting calculating, testing result is generated after the completion of calculating.
Table 4 first time daylighting testing result
According to derived data, learn that there are three the daylighting in room is undesirable.It is respectively:No. 1006 room, 1008 Number room and No. 2009 room, are office, need to optimize it.
2. determining optimal way
Determine how to change according to the case where discontented foot point.
Table 5
5 daylighting of table optimizes achievement
Final derived result of calculation such as the following table 6 after optimization.
Table 6
Daylighting testing result after optimization
Display all meets, green to build daylighting optimization completion.
2.3.2 energy-saving analysis and its optimization
BIM models import to Si Weier is green builds energy-saving analysis software, its relevant parameter is configured and is analyzed, is led Go out analysis result.
Analysis after the completion of export analysis result, and from the analysis result of software extract the present invention need Shape Coefficient, Window-wall ratio, visible transmission ratio and roof construction have four kinds of data altogether.
Table 7
Shape Coefficient
External surface area 1380.60
Architectural volume 3885.41
Shape Coefficient 0.36
Standard foundation Jiangsu Province《Public building energy design standard》(DGJ32/J96-2010) the 3.3.1-3 articles
Standard requirement ... Shape Coefficient should not preferably greater than 0.40...
Conclusion It is suitable
Table 8
Window-wall ratio
Table 9
Visible transmission ratio
Table 10
Roof construction
It can be found from above four tables, roof construction, which is not met, green builds power conservation requirement, material and thickness of the present invention to it Degree is modified, result such as the following table 11 after modification.
Modified roof construction
Recalculated after modified optimization, roof construction can reach requirement.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.

Claims (10)

  1. The tier building design optimization method 1. one kind borders on the river, which is characterized in that the tier building design optimization method packet that borders on the river It includes:
    Import BIM models:Established BIM models are imported into from Revit in Navisworks softwares:It will be in BIM models Structure discipline model and electromechanical speciality model export as two nwc formatted files respectively, then are beaten simultaneously with Navisworks softwares Two nwc files are opened, the structure discipline model and electromechanical speciality model in BIM models import Navisworks softwares;
    Collision checking function into Navisworks softwares is configured the crash type of collision detection, tolerance, and opens Beginning collision detection;
    Navisworks softwares export testing result after completing detection and generate examining report, include the coordinate position of all collisions With collision reason;
    According to derived as a result, into being optimized to model in Revit softwares.
  2. 2. border on the river tier building design optimization method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for the collision detection Including:
    Collision between pipeline and pipeline:Change pipeline position, the plan-position and facade position of changing section pipeline, by pipeline Midway increases bending, around the pipeline of collision;
    Collision between pipeline and beam slab rod structure:It adjusts pipeline position and bypasses slab column structure division;
    Modified BIM models are imported again in Navisworks softwares;
    Repeated collision detects, until collision points are 0;
    The place of clear height optimization is optimized;
    Reduce pipeline and pipeline, the vertical range of pipeline and beam slab rod structure;In pipeline arrangement, clear height is accomplished into maximum;
    It repeats the above steps, is finally completed.
  3. 3. the tier building design optimization method as described in claim 1 that borders on the river, which is characterized in that the tier building that borders on the river Design optimization method further comprises:Daylighting is analyzed and optimization:
    Established BIM models are imported into Si Weier daylightings analysis;
    Project place in daylighting, daylighting criterion relevant parameter are set;
    After relative parameters setting is fully completed, daylighting calculating is carried out, testing result is generated after the completion of calculating.
  4. 4. the tier building design optimization method as described in claim 1 that borders on the river, which is characterized in that the tier building that borders on the river Design optimization method further comprises:Energy-saving analysis and optimization,
    BIM models import to Si Weier is green builds energy-saving analysis software, to Shape Coefficient, window-wall ratio, visible transmission ratio and roof Construction relevant parameter is configured, and the green softwares of building of Si Weier can be automatically analyzed according to the parameter of setting, and exports analysis knot Fruit.
  5. 5. the as described in claim 1 tier building design optimization method that borders on the river, which is characterized in that the foundation of BIM models includes:
    Architectural discipline model establishes BIM models in Revit;
    The foundation of structure discipline model, is loaded into the System Families of structural elements, then the parameter of each structure member is arranged;
    The foundation of electromechanical speciality model,
    Into Revit, on the basis of the buildings model of completion, pipe fitting relevant parameter is set, relevant race is loaded into;Then it links CAD diagram paper accurately corresponds to completed buildings model position in plan view to Revit, carries out building for electromechanical model It is vertical.
  6. 6. a kind of computer program for realizing the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river described in Claims 1 to 5 any one.
  7. 7. a kind of information computer for realizing the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river described in Claims 1 to 5 any one.
  8. 8. a kind of computer readable storage medium, including instruction, when run on a computer so that computer is executed as weighed Profit requires the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river described in 1-5 any one.
  9. 9. a kind of tier building design optimization system that borders on the river realizing the tier building design optimization method that borders on the river described in claim 1 System, which is characterized in that the tier building design optimization system that borders on the river includes:
    BIM model import moduls:For established BIM models to be imported into from Revit in Navisworks softwares;Individually lead Go out for two nwc formatted files, then two nwc files are once opened simultaneously with Navisworks softwares;
    Collision detection module, the requirement to collision detection are configured and start collision detection;
    Detection module is exported, for exporting testing result;
    Optimization module, according to derived as a result, into being optimized to model in Revit softwares.
    Again detection module is imported, modified model is imported again in Navisworks softwares;Repeated collision detects, until Collision points are 0;
    Clear height optimization module optimizes the place of clear height optimization.
  10. 10. a kind of architectural design platform carrying the tier building design optimization system that borders on the river described in claim 9.
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CN110427653B (en) * 2019-07-08 2023-01-24 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 BIM-based parameterized collision detection and correction method
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CN110765515A (en) * 2019-09-27 2020-02-07 贵州百胜工程建设咨询有限公司 BIM-based pipe heald optimization method
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Application publication date: 20181106