CN108760674B - Terahertz time-domain spectrum detection device for detecting biological nerve sample - Google Patents
Terahertz time-domain spectrum detection device for detecting biological nerve sample Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
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- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3581—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation
- G01N21/3586—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation by Terahertz time domain spectroscopy [THz-TDS]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/42—Low-temperature sample treatment, e.g. cryofixation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention relates to a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting a biological nerve sample, which comprises: the nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit is used for providing a low-temperature environment required by detecting the terahertz spectrum of the nerve sample, and the nerve sample is cooled to 77K, so that the movement freedom degree of a hydrogen bond is frozen, and the adverse effect of the hydrogen bond formed by water molecules in the sample on the spectrum is avoided; the terahertz wave generating unit is used for generating broadband terahertz waves for detecting the information of the nerve sample; the terahertz wave detection unit is used for detecting broadband terahertz waves carrying related information after passing through the nerve sample and converting the terahertz waves into electric signals to obtain time-domain spectrums; and the data analysis unit is used for carrying out Fourier transform on the time domain spectrum data obtained by the terahertz wave detection unit to obtain a frequency domain spectrum. The method can fundamentally avoid the interference influence of hydrogen bonds formed by water molecules contained in the biological nerve sample on the terahertz signal, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, good signal-to-noise ratio, good stability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection device for detecting a biological nerve sample by using a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology, in particular to a detection device which is designed according to a basic physical principle, can fundamentally avoid the interference influence of hydrogen bonds formed by water molecules in the biological nerve sample on a spectrum, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, good signal-to-noise ratio and stability and the like.
Background
Terahertz (Terahertz or THz) waves generally refer to electromagnetic waves with a frequency between 0.1THz and 10THz, the light of whichThe energy of the molecule is very low, so that the biological molecule can not be photolyzed, and the safety is very good. The terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) technology is a coherent detection technology, can simultaneously obtain amplitude information and phase information of terahertz signals, and can directly obtain optical parameters such as absorption coefficients and refractive indexes of samples by performing fourier transform on time waveforms. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology has been widely applied to the research of life science due to its excellent characteristics such as high sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution. Relevant theory and experimental research show that the rotation energy level of the biological molecules is between 0.001 and 0.3cm-1The internal rotation energy level is 0.3-11cm-1The low-frequency vibration energy level is 11-250cm-1All in the terahertz wave band. Therefore, the terahertz wave becomes an ideal tool for exploring biological molecules and life sciences, and the possibility is provided for detecting biological nerve samples by utilizing the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology.
The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology is well developed and applied in the field of biomolecule detection such as protein and amino acid, and a nondestructive identification technology based on the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology is developed. However, the method has great difficulty in directly analyzing the biological nerve sample. Because the biological nerve sample contains a certain amount of water molecules, hydrogen bonds can be formed among the water molecules, and the rotation and the vibration of the hydrogen bonds can generate strong absorption to the terahertz waves, so that the terahertz characteristic absorption spectrum of the biological nerve sample is interfered by the water molecules and is difficult to identify. Meanwhile, the intensity of the terahertz wave excited by the femtosecond laser pump is limited, and the interference of water molecules even can cause the situation that the signal is completely buried by the background signal. Due to the factors, the detection of the biological nerve sample by utilizing the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is greatly restricted, and the further development and wider application of the technology are limited. At present, no feasible solution exists at home and abroad for the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the detection of biological nerve samples by the existing terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, introduces the low-temperature frozen biological sample technology into the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection technology, and provides a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting biological nerve samples, which can solve the difficulties encountered in the detection of biological nerve samples by the prior art, can fundamentally avoid the interference influence caused by water molecules in biological nerves, and has the advantages of rigorous design, stability, reliability and simple and convenient operation.
The invention provides a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting a biological nerve sample, which comprises: a nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit, a terahertz wave generating unit, a terahertz wave detecting unit and a data analyzing unit, wherein,
the nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit is used for placing a nerve sample, providing a low-temperature environment required for detecting a terahertz spectrum of the nerve sample, and freezing the movement freedom degree of a hydrogen bond by cooling the nerve sample to 77K, so that the interference influence of the hydrogen bond formed by water molecules in the sample on the spectrum is avoided;
the terahertz wave generating unit is used for generating broadband terahertz waves for detecting the information of the nerve sample;
the terahertz wave detection unit is used for detecting broadband terahertz waves carrying relevant information after passing through the nerve sample and converting the terahertz waves into electric signals to obtain time-domain spectrums; the terahertz wave generating unit and the terahertz wave detecting unit are arranged at positions satisfying: broadband terahertz wave energy generated by the terahertz wave generating unit is incident to a nerve sample and then is detected by the terahertz wave detecting unit;
the data analysis unit is used for carrying out Fourier transform on the time domain spectrum obtained by the terahertz wave detection unit to obtain a frequency domain spectrum, and the data analysis unit is electrically connected with the terahertz wave detection unit.
Further, the nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit comprises a compression pump, a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, a stainless steel corrugated pipe, a nerve sample cell outer chamber and a nerve sample cell inner chamber, wherein,
an air suction port of the compression pump is opened in the air, and an air exhaust port of the compression pump is communicated with an air inlet of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle;
the liquid outlet of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle is communicated with one port of the stainless steel corrugated pipe, and the other port of the stainless steel corrugated pipe is simultaneously communicated with the inlet of the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell and the inlet of the inner chamber of the nerve sample cell;
the middle part of the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell is provided with a central through hole for the terahertz waves to pass through; the inner chamber of the nerve sample cell is arranged in the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell in a penetrating way and is vertical to the central through hole; the outlet of the nerve sample cell outer chamber is open in the air, and the outlet of the nerve sample cell inner chamber is open in the air.
Further, the terahertz wave generating unit includes: a femtosecond laser, a laser beam splitter, a terahertz wave emitter, an off-axis parabolic mirror and pump light, wherein,
laser emitted by the femtosecond laser enters the laser beam splitter, and the laser beam splitter divides the laser into pump light and probe light;
pump light emitted by the laser beam splitter is incident on the terahertz wave emitter to excite broadband terahertz waves;
broadband terahertz waves emitted by the terahertz wave emitter are reflected by the off-axis parabolic mirror and are incident on a nerve sample arranged in the inner chamber of the nerve sample cell;
further, the terahertz wave detection unit includes: a detection light, a stepping delay motor, a terahertz wave detector, a first laser reflector, a second laser reflector, a third laser reflector, a fourth laser reflector and a fifth laser reflector, wherein,
probe light emitted by a laser beam splitter in the terahertz wave generation unit is reflected by the first laser reflector and then sequentially incident on a second laser reflector and a third laser reflector which are fixed on the stepping delay motor for propagation, and the light path delay is changed by changing the movement of the stepping delay motor;
laser emitted by the stepping delay motor is reflected by the fourth laser reflector and the fifth laser reflector in sequence and then is incident to the terahertz wave detector, and broadband terahertz waves emitted by the terahertz wave generating unit are received by the terahertz wave detector after passing through the nerve sample;
further, the data analysis unit includes: the terahertz wave detector is communicated with the computer through the signal transmission line.
Furthermore, the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell comprises two cavities, the middle part of each cavity is provided with a central through hole for the terahertz waves to pass through, and the cavity is provided with an inlet of the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell and an outlet of the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell; an inner chamber frame of the nerve sample cell is arranged between the two cavities.
Furthermore, the material of the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell is copper.
Furthermore, the nerve sample cell inner chamber is of a hollow structure (a part of the nerve sample cell inner chamber is provided with a circular opening), the nerve sample cell inner chamber is provided with a nerve sample cell inner chamber inlet and a nerve sample cell inner chamber outlet, the circular opening formed in the nerve sample cell inner chamber is a nerve sample frame, a silicon wafer partition is arranged in the nerve sample frame and used for fixing a nerve sample, the nerve sample is covered with a polyethylene window, liquid nitrogen entering through the nerve sample cell inner chamber inlet is in contact with the nerve sample through the silicon wafer partition to conduct heat transfer, the nerve sample is frozen, and the polyethylene window is used for fixing the nerve sample.
Further, the inner chamber of the nerve sample cell is made of silicon.
According to the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting the biological nerve sample, a low-temperature biological sample freezing technology is introduced into a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection technology, a low-temperature environment is formed around the biological nerve sample by utilizing the characteristic of freezing the degree of freedom of a hydrogen bond at a low temperature (77K), then the biological nerve sample is frozen by utilizing liquid nitrogen and the biological nerve sample through the separation and contact of a silicon wafer, the interference influence caused by the rotation and vibration of the water molecule hydrogen bond in the biological nerve sample is avoided to the greatest extent, the spectrum detection limit of the biological molecule in the biological nerve sample is greatly reduced, and the sensitivity of detecting the biological nerve sample by utilizing the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology is further improved. The dry nitrogen discharged after the biological nerve sample is frozen is directly discharged into the air environment where the experimental device is located, and the air humidity around the device is reduced, so that the adverse effect of water molecules in the air on the spectrum is eliminated, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is further improved. Meanwhile, the device has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, low cost, no need of frequent maintenance in use and good stability. The detection device can be suitable for the field of biological nerve sample detection, fills the application blank of the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology in the field, and has the characteristics of simplicity, easiness in operation and the like. Meanwhile, the device can be expanded to the field of detection of other biological samples with larger water content, and has wide expansion prospect. When the device provided by the invention is used for carrying out terahertz spectrum detection on a biological nerve sample, the device has the characteristics of high sensitivity, good signal-to-noise ratio, good stability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection apparatus for detecting a biological nerve sample according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an external chamber of a nerve sample cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an outer chamber of a nerve cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal chamber structure of the nerve sample cell provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inner chamber of a neural sample cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen bonding structure formed by the action of tryptophan and water molecules according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1. a nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit; 2. a terahertz wave generating unit; 3. a terahertz wave detection unit; 4. a data analysis unit; 11. a compression pump; 12. liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, 13, stainless steel bellows; 14. a neural sample cell external chamber; 15. an inner chamber of the nerve sample cell; 21. a femtosecond laser; 22. a laser beam splitter; 23. a terahertz wave transmitter; 24. an off-axis parabolic mirror; 25. pump light; 31. detecting light; 32. a stepping delay motor; 33. a terahertz wave detector; 34. a first laser mirror; 35. a second laser mirror; 36. a third laser mirror; 37. a fourth laser mirror; 38. a fifth laser mirror; 41. a computer; 42. a signal transmission line; 141. an inlet of the neural sample cell outer chamber; 142. a frame in the nerve sample cell; 143. an outlet of the neural sample cell outer chamber; 144. a bolt; 145. a central through hole; 146. a cavity; 151. an inlet of the inner chamber of the nerve sample cell; 152. an outlet of the inner chamber of the nerve sample cell; 153. a nerve sample holder; 154. isolating the silicon wafer; 155. a polyethylene window.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the relevant aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection apparatus for detecting a biological nerve sample according to an embodiment of the present invention, and in order to explain the contents of the present invention more clearly and intuitively, details of the biological nerve sample cell are shown in the drawings, specifically, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer chamber of the nerve sample cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross section of the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner chamber of the nerve sample cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross section of the inner chamber of the nerve sample cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen bond formed;
as shown in fig. 1, a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection apparatus for a biological nerve sample provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit 1, a terahertz wave generating unit 2, a terahertz wave detecting unit 3 and a data analyzing unit 4, wherein,
the nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit 1 is used for placing a nerve sample, providing a low-temperature environment required for detecting a terahertz spectrum of the nerve sample, and freezing the movement freedom degree of a hydrogen bond by cooling the nerve sample to 77K, so that the interference influence of the hydrogen bond formed by water molecules in the sample on the spectrum is avoided; the terahertz wave generating unit 2 is used for generating broadband terahertz waves for detecting the information of the nerve sample; the terahertz wave detection unit 3 is used for detecting broadband terahertz waves carrying relevant information after passing through a nerve sample and converting the terahertz waves into electric signals to obtain time-domain spectra, and the positions of the terahertz wave generation unit 2 and the terahertz wave detection unit 3 are required to meet the following requirements: the broadband terahertz wave energy generated by the terahertz wave generating unit 2 is incident to a nerve sample and then is detected by the terahertz wave detecting unit, and specifically, the terahertz wave generating unit 2 and the terahertz wave detecting unit 3 are positioned on two sides of a sample cell; the data analysis unit 4 is configured to perform fourier transform on the time domain spectrum obtained by the terahertz wave detection unit 3 to obtain a frequency domain spectrum, and the data analysis unit 4 is electrically connected to the terahertz wave detection unit 3.
The nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit 1 comprises a compression pump 11, a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 12, a stainless steel corrugated pipe 13, a nerve sample cell outer chamber 14 and a nerve sample cell inner chamber 15, wherein an air suction port of the compression pump 11 is opened in the air, and an air exhaust port of the compression pump 11 is communicated with an air inlet of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 12; the liquid outlet of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle 12 is communicated with one port of the stainless steel corrugated pipe 13, and the other port of the stainless steel corrugated pipe 13 is simultaneously communicated with the neural sample cell outer chamber inlet 141 and the neural sample cell inner chamber inlet 151; the nerve sample cell outer chamber 14 is a hollow structure, and the outlet 143 of the nerve sample cell outer chamber is open in the air. The neural sample cell inner chamber outlet 152 is open to air;
the material of the outer chamber 14 of the nerve sample cell is copper, the outer chamber 14 of the nerve sample cell comprises two cavities 146 fixed by bolts 144, the middle part of each cavity 146 is provided with a central through hole 145 for terahertz waves to pass through, and the cavity is provided with an inlet 141 of the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell and an outlet 143 of the outer chamber of the nerve sample cell, which are communicated with the inside of the cavity; an inner chamber frame 142 of the nerve sample cell is arranged between the two cavities.
The nerve sample cell inner chamber 15 is made of silicon, the nerve sample cell inner chamber 15 is arranged on the nerve sample cell inner chamber frame 142, the nerve sample cell inner chamber 15 is of a hollow structure, the nerve sample cell inner chamber 15 is provided with a nerve sample cell inner chamber inlet 151 and a nerve sample cell inner chamber outlet 152 which are communicated with the hollow structure, the nerve sample cell inner chamber 15 is internally provided with a nerve sample frame 153, liquid nitrogen entering through the nerve sample cell inner chamber inlet 151 and a nerve sample are contacted through a silicon wafer partition 154 for heat transfer, the nerve sample is frozen, and a polyethylene window 155 is used for fixing the nerve sample.
The terahertz-wave generating unit 2 includes: the device comprises a femtosecond laser 21, a laser beam splitter 22, a terahertz wave emitter 23, an off-axis parabolic mirror 24 and pump light 25, wherein laser emitted by the femtosecond laser 21 is incident to the laser beam splitter 22, and the laser is split into the pump light 25 and probe light 31 by the laser beam splitter; the pump light 25 emitted by the laser beam splitter 22 is incident on the terahertz wave emitter 23 to excite a broadband terahertz wave; broadband terahertz waves emitted by the terahertz wave emitter 23 are reflected by the off-axis parabolic mirror 24 and are incident on a nerve sample arranged in the inner chamber 15 of the nerve sample cell;
the terahertz wave detection unit 3 includes: the terahertz wave generating unit comprises a detection light 31, a stepping delay motor 32, a terahertz wave detector 33, a first laser reflector 34, a second laser reflector 35, a third laser reflector 36, a fourth laser reflector 37 and a fifth laser reflector 38, wherein the detection light 31 emitted by a laser beam splitter 22 in the terahertz wave generating unit 2 is reflected by the first laser reflector 34 and then sequentially incident on the second laser reflector 35 and the third laser reflector 36 which are fixed on the stepping delay motor 32 for propagation, and the light path delay is changed by changing the movement of the stepping delay motor 32; laser emitted by the stepping delay motor 32 is reflected by the fourth laser reflector 37 and the fifth laser reflector 38 in sequence and then is incident to the terahertz wave detector 33, and broadband terahertz waves emitted by the terahertz wave generating unit 2 are received by the terahertz wave detector 33 after passing through a nerve sample;
the data analysis unit 4 includes: a computer 41 and a signal transmission line 42, wherein one end of the signal transmission line 42 is communicated with the terahertz wave detector 33, and the other end of the signal transmission line 42 is communicated with the computer 41, so as to perform subsequent data processing.
In the above scheme, the parameters of each part are as follows: the adjustable pressure of the compression pump 11 is 1-20 Kpa; the stainless steel corrugated pipe 13 has an inner diameter of 8mm and an outer diameter of 10 mm; the capacity of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle 12 is 4L; the size of the nerve sample cell outer chamber 17 is a copper cuboid with the size of 160 multiplied by 80mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, the diameter of a central through hole is 60mm, the length of the nerve sample cell inner chamber frame 142 is 160mm, the width is 80mm, the thickness of a single side is 2mm, the inner diameters of the inlet 141 and the outlet 143 are both 6mm, the outer diameters are both 8mm, and the bolt 144 adopts the specification of M6; the length of the nerve sample cell inner chamber 15 is 160mm, the width is 80mm, the thickness is 4mm, the inner diameter of the inlet 181 is 6mm, the outer diameter is 8mm, the outlet 182 is a rectangular outlet with the diameter of 60 multiplied by 1mm, the diameter of the nerve sample frame 183 is 60mm, the depth is 2mm, and the silicon wafer partition thickness is 0.5 mm; the femtosecond laser 21 has the wavelength of 800nm, the pulse width of 45fs, the repetition frequency of 1KHz and the energy of 3.2 mJ; the diameters of the first laser reflector 34, the second laser reflector 35, the third laser reflector 36, the fourth laser reflector 37 and the fifth laser reflector are all 2 inches, the laser reflectors are dielectric film reflectors, and the reflectivity at the central wavelength of 800nm is more than 99%; the single stepping of the stepping delay motor 32 is 75nm, the stroke range is 155mm, and the maximum speed is 500 mm/s; the terahertz wave transmitter 23 can realize the output of 0.1-10THz broadband terahertz waves based on the principle that femtosecond laser induces air plasma to radiate terahertz waves; the terahertz wave detector 33 can realize coherent detection of the broadband terahertz waves of 0.1-10THz based on the air third-order nonlinear effect.
When the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting the biological nerve sample provided by the invention works, firstly, a transparent organic glass cover is used for protecting the light path part of the system, dry nitrogen is filled into the glass cover, when the relative humidity in the glass cover is reduced to below 5 percent, the compression pump 11 is started to adjust the pressure, so that the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 12 enters the nerve sample cell outer chamber 14 and the nerve sample cell inner chamber 15 from the inlet 141 of the nerve sample cell outer chamber and the inlet 151 of the nerve sample cell inner chamber respectively, the dry nitrogen is discharged from the outlet 143 of the nerve sample cell outer chamber and the outlet 142 of the nerve sample cell inner chamber, and the state is maintained until the ambient humidity of the sample cell is reduced to below 2%, an appropriate amount of biological nerve sample (radius less than 60mm, thickness less than 2mm) to be tested is placed on the nerve sample holder 153, and the polyethylene window 155 is covered. The power supply of the femtosecond laser 21, the stepping delay motor 32, the terahertz wave emitter 23 and the terahertz wave detector 33 is turned on, so that the terahertz wave generating unit 3 and the terahertz wave detecting unit 4 start working, the operation of the stepping delay motor 32 is controlled, the generated terahertz waves penetrate through the nerve sample and then enter the terahertz wave detector 33, the terahertz waves are converted into electric signals to obtain time domain spectrums, and the data enter the computer 41 through the signal transmission line 42 to be subjected to Fourier conversion to obtain frequency domain spectrums.
According to the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting the biological nerve sample, a low-temperature biological sample freezing technology is introduced into the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection technology, a low-temperature environment is formed around the biological nerve by utilizing the characteristic of freezing the degree of freedom of movement of a hydrogen bond at a low temperature (77K), and then the liquid nitrogen and the biological nerve sample are frozen by being in contact with each other through a silicon wafer in a separation mode, so that adverse effects caused by rotation and vibration of the hydrogen bond in water molecules in the biological nerve sample are fundamentally avoided, and the spectrum detection limit of the biological molecules in the biological nerve sample is greatly reduced. The dry nitrogen discharged after the biological nerve sample is frozen is directly discharged into the air environment of the experimental device, so that the air humidity around the experimental device is reduced, the adverse effect of water molecules in the air on the spectrum is eliminated, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is further improved. Meanwhile, the device has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, low cost, no need of frequent maintenance in use and good stability. The detection device can be suitable for the field of biological nerve sample detection, fills the gap of the detection of the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in the field, and has the characteristics of stable work, simple operation, strong expansibility and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications of the technical solutions described in the embodiments or equivalent replacements of some or all technical features may be made without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection apparatus for detecting a biological nerve sample, comprising: a nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit, a terahertz wave generating unit, a terahertz wave detecting unit and a data analyzing unit, wherein,
the nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit is used for placing a nerve sample, providing a low-temperature environment required for detecting the terahertz spectrum of the nerve sample, and cooling the nerve sample to 77K, so that the motion freedom degree of a hydrogen bond is frozen, and the interference influence of the hydrogen bond formed by water molecules in the sample on the spectrum is avoided;
the terahertz wave generating unit is used for generating broadband terahertz waves for detecting the relevant information of the nerve sample;
the terahertz wave detection unit is used for detecting broadband terahertz waves carrying relevant information after passing through the nerve sample and converting the terahertz waves into electric signals to obtain time-domain spectrums; the terahertz wave generating unit and the terahertz wave detecting unit are arranged at positions satisfying: broadband terahertz wave energy generated by the terahertz wave generating unit is incident to a nerve sample and then is detected by the terahertz wave detecting unit;
the data analysis unit is used for performing Fourier transform on the time domain spectrum obtained by the terahertz wave detection unit to obtain a frequency domain spectrum, and the data analysis unit is electrically connected with the terahertz wave detection unit;
the nerve sample low-temperature environment manufacturing unit (1) comprises a compression pump (11), a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask (12), a stainless steel corrugated pipe (13), a nerve sample cell outer chamber (14) and a nerve sample cell inner chamber (15), wherein,
an air suction port of the compression pump (11) is opened in the air, and an air exhaust port of the compression pump (11) is communicated with an air inlet of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle (12);
the liquid outlet of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle (12) is communicated with one port of the stainless steel corrugated pipe (13), and the other port of the stainless steel corrugated pipe (13) is simultaneously communicated with the neural sample cell outer chamber inlet (141) and the neural sample cell inner chamber inlet (151);
the middle part of the outer chamber (14) of the nerve sample cell is provided with a central through hole (145) for the terahertz waves to pass through; the inner neural sample cell chamber (15) is arranged in the outer neural sample cell chamber (14) in a penetrating manner and is vertical to the central through hole (145); the nerve cell outer chamber outlet (143) is open to air and the nerve cell inner chamber outlet (152) is open to air.
2. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy apparatus for detecting a biological nerve sample according to claim 1, wherein the terahertz wave generating unit (2) includes: a femtosecond laser (21), a laser beam splitter (22), a terahertz wave emitter (23), an off-axis parabolic mirror (24) and pump light (25), wherein,
laser emitted by the femtosecond laser (21) enters the laser beam splitter (22), and the laser is split into pump light (25) and probe light (31) by the laser beam splitter;
pump light (25) emitted by the laser beam splitter (22) is incident on the terahertz wave emitter (23) to excite broadband terahertz waves;
broadband terahertz waves emitted by the terahertz wave emitter (23) are reflected by the off-axis parabolic mirror (24) and are incident on a nerve sample arranged in the inner chamber (15) of the nerve sample cell.
3. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection apparatus for detecting a biological nerve sample according to claim 1, wherein the terahertz wave detection unit (3) includes: a detection light (31), a step delay motor (32), a terahertz wave detector (33), a first laser reflector (34), a second laser reflector (35), a third laser reflector (36), a fourth laser reflector (37) and a fifth laser reflector (38), wherein,
the detection light (31) emitted by a laser beam splitter (22) in the terahertz wave generation unit (2) is reflected by the first laser reflector (34) and then sequentially enters a second laser reflector (35) and a third laser reflector (36) which are fixed on the stepping delay motor (32) for propagation, and the light path delay is changed by changing the movement of the stepping delay motor (32);
laser emitted by the stepping delay motor (32) is reflected by the fourth laser reflector (37) and the fifth laser reflector (38) in sequence and then enters the terahertz wave detector (33), and broadband terahertz waves emitted by the terahertz wave generating unit (2) are received by the terahertz wave detector (33) after passing through a nerve sample.
4. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection apparatus for detecting a biological nerve sample according to claim 1, wherein the data analysis unit (4) includes: a computer (41) and a signal transmission line (42), wherein,
the terahertz wave detector (33) is communicated with a computer (41) through a signal transmission line (42).
5. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting the biological nerve sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nerve sample cell outer chamber (14) comprises two cavities, a central through hole (145) for the terahertz wave to pass through is arranged in the middle of the cavity, and a nerve sample cell outer chamber inlet (141) and a nerve sample cell outer chamber outlet (143) are arranged on the cavities; an inner chamber frame (142) of the nerve sample cell is arranged between the two cavities.
6. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting the biological nerve sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nerve sample pool outer chamber (14) is made of copper.
7. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting the biological nerve sample according to claim 1, wherein the nerve sample cell inner chamber (15) is of a hollow structure, the nerve sample cell inner chamber (15) is provided with a nerve sample cell inner chamber inlet (151) and a nerve sample cell inner chamber outlet (152), the circular opening of the nerve sample cell inner chamber (15) is a nerve sample holder (153), a silicon wafer partition (154) is arranged in the nerve sample holder, the silicon wafer partition (154) is used for fixing the nerve sample, and the nerve sample is covered with a polyethylene window (155).
8. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy detection device for detecting a biological nerve sample according to claim 1, wherein the nerve sample cell inner chamber (15) is made of silicon.
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