CN108760549A - The test system and test method of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in a kind of simulation Rock And Soil - Google Patents
The test system and test method of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in a kind of simulation Rock And Soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108760549A CN108760549A CN201810387678.8A CN201810387678A CN108760549A CN 108760549 A CN108760549 A CN 108760549A CN 201810387678 A CN201810387678 A CN 201810387678A CN 108760549 A CN108760549 A CN 108760549A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring technologies of influencing factors for slope stability, specifically disclose a kind of test system for simulating pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in Rock And Soil, including bottom plate, inside have the simulation rock-soil layer and water tank of straight through tube；The height of lifting gear continuously adjustable lift side in the vertical direction；The downstream port for simulating the straight through tube in rock-soil layer is configured with and the matched plug that blocks water of port shape；The setting height of water outlet of water tank is not less than the height of upstream port and is connected to by aqueduct with upstream port；The setting height of water tank overflow head piece is higher than the setting height of water outlet of water tank.It is an advantage of the invention that：Suitable for flow under heavy showers or drainage condition to the measurement of straight through tube wall surface drag rock-soil layer, to provide reference and contribution for influence of the pipeline drag to Rock And Soil unstability under quantization heavy showers or drainage condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring technologies of influencing factors for slope stability, especially a kind of for measuring Rock And Soil pipe
The test device and method that road stream influences stability of rock-soil body.
Background technology
Straight through tube, non-through pipeline and hole in Rock And Soil collectively form a complicated porous network system.Its
In, straight through tube is the predominating path mutually converted between underground water and surface water, is that waterpower joins between underground water and Rock And Soil
The boundary condition that the important channel and Rock And Soil unstable failure of system are usually tracked.Rock And Soil pipeline stream greatly affected friendship
The construction safety and normal operation of the engineerings such as logical, water conservancy and hydropower and mine, study the extensive pass by engineering circles and academia
Note.
Description of the field of civil engineering to water sport in Rock And Soil generally uses linear Darcy laws.The law is suitable for single
One homogeneous porous medium, the linear laminar flow that the reynolds number Re upper limit is [1,10].Based on linear Darcy seepage theories, calculate opposite
Mechanical response under the flow field of uniform Rock And Soil pore media and accordingly evaluation fluid structure interaction is feasible.However, working as Re
Beyond the linear laminar flow upper limit or Rock And Soil there are when straight through tube concentrated leakage passage, still then will produce with Darcy theoretical calculations
Appreciable error.1868, the famous Russia pungent habit Nie Siji of fluid scholar's cloth proposed Newton fluids in smooth parallel plate stitch
In kinematical theory.Under the theoretical framework system, the movement side of fluid in smooth equal diameter circular pipe can be also derived
Journey.When solving the Problems of Seepage Flow of the medium of Rock And Soil containing straight through tube, at present generally using opening cubic law.So
And the wall surface of pipeline is considered as impervious boundary mostly when specifically calculating, which implies the Rock And Soil matrix of pipeline institute preservation
Also impermeability of having (is noted：Rock And Soil matrix refers to comprising pore structure and non-through pipeline porous media part), while it is also assumed that
Shot charges are free of in pipeline, there are still relatively large deviations compared with practical for this.Therefore, it is still necessary to promote and improve classical underground
Water seepage flow motion theory, to more accurately describe the Field Characteristics of the straight through tube Rock And Soil porous media containing charges, with
And more reasonably evaluation seepage action of ground water acts on the mechanical response of lower Rock And Soil.Domestic and international data of literatures is consulted, related pipe
The research of road stream rarely has the towing force effect for considering that flow generates pipeline wall surface.
Invention content
In order to preferably study influence of the straight through tube wall surface current drag power to stability of rock-soil body, the present invention provides
The test system and test method of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in a kind of simulation Rock And Soil.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：Simulate the test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in Rock And Soil
System, including bottom plate, the inside being layed on bottom plate have the simulation rock-soil layer and water tank of straight through tube；The bottom plate includes solid
Fixed end and lift side, the fixing end are fixed by trunnion axis and can be rotated around trunnion axis, the lift side and lifting gear phase
Even, the height of lifting gear continuously adjustable lift side in the vertical direction；Straight through tube in the simulation rock-soil layer includes
Upstream port close to fixing end and the downstream port close to lift side, the downstream port are configured with matched with port shape
Block water plug；The water tank side wall offers several water outlet of water tank, and the setting height of water outlet of water tank is not less than upstream port
Highly, water outlet of water tank is connected to upstream port by aqueduct, and flow is controlled by valve, when valve is opened, in water tank
Water can enter in straight through tube；Overflow port is additionally provided on the water tank, the setting height of overflow port is higher than water outlet of water tank
Setting height.
The drag that existing pipeline water flow is generated in straight through tube wall surface calculates not certain theory, and the present invention proposes
The drag measuring technology that a set of flow generates straight through tube wall surface.
For this purpose, the present invention has developed the test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in above-mentioned simulation Rock And Soil, make
Measurement of the flow to straight through tube wall surface drag in rock soil medium can be realized with the system.
Readily comprehensible, the upstream port of straight through tube of the present invention should be connected with water source, and the selection at water source is unlimited, but need
Ensure that flow can be uniformly entered gently in straight through tube, to realize the purpose of simulation nature pipeline stream, therefore through tube
The upstream port in road cannot be connect with equipment such as taps with pressure.For ease of test, being preferably equipped with dedicated tank is
Straight through tube supplies water.
We devise the matched water tank of the present apparatus as confession to improve the accuracy and convenience of test in the present invention
It is water-borne.As shown in fig. 1, water tank side wall offers several water outlet of water tank, and the setting height of water outlet of water tank is not less than upper
The height of port is swum, water outlet of water tank is connected to upstream port by aqueduct, and flow is controlled by valve, when valve is opened,
Water in water tank can enter in straight through tube.By the installation position of the adjusting of Water in Water Tanks position and water outlet of water tank, that is, controllable
The flowing velocity of water processed, to ensure that flow can gently uniformly enter perforation pipe seam.In order to enable the flow in water tank
Through tube seam is uniformly flowed into, the setting height of water outlet of water tank should be not less than the height of upstream port, with simulating natural condition
Under under the effect of gravity along perforation pipe seam flowing natural flows；It is readily comprehensible, to prevent flow velocity too fast, water outlet of water tank
Height, which is arranged, can not excessively be higher than the height of upstream port.
In addition overflow port is also arranged in we on water tank, and the effect of overflow port is to control the water level of water tank, make entire
The flow velocity all-the-time stable of water is constant in test process, with the pipeline stream under more accurate simulating natural condition.In the present invention we
Overflow port is positioned above to the position of water outlet of water tank, in this way by the balance of water filling and overflow, stable level can overflow
The position of head piece.It is readily comprehensible simultaneously, if fruit overflow port position is excessively higher than water outlet of water tank position, water tank can be caused to be discharged
Pressure is excessive at mouthful, and water outlet excessive velocities are to influence the accuracy of test.
Lifting gear in the present invention should can realize the function of driving the lifting of lift side stable and continuous, in order to accurate
Measure angle of inclination when Rock And Soil starts to generate sliding.For example, by using the lifting support described in Fig. 1, the lifting of the holder can adopt
It is realized with hydraulic pressure or air pressure driving.In addition to this being readily apparent that can also use other that can realize the lifting of above-mentioned function dress
It sets, such as pulley blocks can also be used as lifting gear.
The pipeline stream of the straight through tube of various forms in different rock-soil layers can be tested using the test device of the present invention
Drag need to be made and be laid with to simulation rock-soil layer according to geological condition to be tested when test.Such as it is used by the present apparatus
When testing the pipeline stream drag in rock stratum, it can first be laid with one layer of sand bedding course on bottom plate, then placed on sand bedding course mixed
Solidifying soil layer simulates rock stratum, and straight through tube, then filling silty clay layer simulation in the duct is arranged according to actual conditions in rock stratum
Pipeline filler.Situations such as laying depth and density and pipeline form of each rock-soil layer, should press according to geological conditions to be tested
The hindsight cun principle of similitude is laid with." the size principle of similitude " of the present invention is referred to according to the practical geological conditions simulated
In each rock stratum and the thickness of the layer and distribution proportion, pipeline form, filler distribution situation is to simulation rock-soil layer and its pipeline
It selected, made and is laid with.
The invention also discloses the test methods that pipeline water flow wall surface in a kind of simulation Rock And Soil pulls stress effect, including with
Lower step：
A, experimental site is chosen, the test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in the simulation Rock And Soil of the present invention is installed
System；
B, the internal simulation rock-soil layer with straight through tube is laid on bottom plate according to geological conditions to be tested, with configuration
The good plug that blocks water blocks the downstream port of straight through tube；Then the water filling into water tank, until water flooding overflow port, then beats
Overflow port is opened, while continuing water filling, Water in Water Tanks position is made to keep balancing in overflow port position；
C, hydrostatic is tested：By lifting gear regulating base board to being horizontally arranged, then opens valve and noted into straight through tube
Water makes water be full of after straight through tube and closes valve；
D, lifting gear is adjusted, lift side is made slowly to tilt down, until the simulation rock-soil layer on bottom plate is just slided
Stop adjustment lifting gear when dynamic at once, and measures the inclination angle alpha of bottom plate at this time；
E, water experiment is moved：Reduction bottom plate is to horizontal positioned and in laying on bottom plate according to mode identical with step B
Portion has the simulation rock-soil layer of straight through tube, blocks the downstream port of straight through tube with the plug that blocks water configured, then opens
Valve water filling into straight through tube makes water be full of straight through tube；
F, the plug that blocks water is pulled out, while adjusting lifting gear, lift side is made slowly to tilt down, should holding valve be in the process
Open state simultaneously adjusts water flow and ensures in straight through tube to be full of flow always, until the simulation rock-soil layer on bottom plate just occurs
Stop adjustment lifting gear when sliding at once, and measures the inclination angle beta of bottom plate at this time；
G, drag of the flow to straight through tube wall surface is calculated according to experimental result.
The survey that pipeline water flow wall surface in simulation Rock And Soil using the present invention pulls stress effect can be realized using this method
Test system carries out measurement of the flow to straight through tube wall surface drag in rock-soil layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in the simulation Rock And Soil of the present invention
System and test method suitable for flow under heavy showers or drainage condition to the measurement of straight through tube wall surface drag rock-soil layer, from
And provide reference and contribution for influence of the pipeline drag to Rock And Soil unstability under quantization heavy showers or drainage condition.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the test system structure signal for simulating pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in Rock And Soil of embodiment one
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the test system structure signal for simulating pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in Rock And Soil of embodiment two
Figure.
Fig. 3 is the simulation rock-soil layer cross-sectional structure figure of embodiment one.
Fig. 4 is the simulation rock-soil layer cross-sectional structure figure of embodiment two.
Fig. 5 is the internal Rock And Soil force analysis figure with straight through tube under hydrostatic experiment condition.
Fig. 6 is the internal Rock And Soil force analysis figure with straight through tube under water experiment condition.
In figure label for：1- bottom plates, 2- simulate rock-soil layer, 21- sand bedding courses, 22- concrete layers, the filling of 23- silty clays
Layer, 3- straight through tube, 31- upstream ports, 32- downstream ports, 33- block water plug, 4- water tanks, 5- water outlet of water tank, 6- aqueducts,
There is the Rock And Soil of straight through tube to conduct oneself with dignity by 7- valves, 8- overflow ports, 9- lifting supports, G-, and water body is to ground in F- straight through tube
The pressure of body, FfLower layer's rock mass is to the frictional force of the Rock And Soil with straight through tube, the bottom plate measured under the conditions of α-smooth water test
Angle of inclination, β-move the base plate inclination degree measured under the conditions of water test, FdThe towing that flow generates straight through tube wall surface
Power, FNLower layer's rock mass is to the holding power of the Rock And Soil with straight through tube, pressure of the water to the plug that blocks water in P- straight through tube.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the survey for simulating pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in Rock And Soil of the invention
Test system, including bottom plate 1, it includes fixing end that inside, which has the simulation rock-soil layer 2 and water tank 4 of straight through tube 3, the bottom plate 1,
And lift side, the fixing end are fixed by trunnion axis and can be rotated around trunnion axis, the lift side and the liter being hydraulically operated
Descending branch frame 9 is connected, the height of 9 continuously adjustable lift side of lifting support in the vertical direction；The simulation rock-soil layer 2 is set to
On bottom plate 1, including the sand bedding course 21 being laid on bottom plate 1 and the concrete layer 22 being laid on sand bedding course 21, straight through tube 3 are set
It is placed in inside concrete layer 22,3 inner wall of the straight through tube has silty clay filled layer 23；Straight through tube 3 includes upstream end
Mouth 31 and downstream port 32, the downstream port 32 is configured with and the matched plug 33 that blocks water of port shape.4 side wall of the water tank is opened
Equipped with several water outlet of water tank 5, the setting height of water outlet of water tank 5 is not less than the height of upstream port 31, water outlet of water tank 5 with
Upstream port 31 is connected to by aqueduct 6, and flow is controlled by valve 7, and when valve 7 is opened, the water in water tank 4, which can enter, to be passed through
It threads a pipe in 3；Overflow port 8 is additionally provided on the water tank 4, the setting height of overflow port 8 is high higher than the setting of water outlet of water tank 5
Degree.
Embodiment one：
The test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in the simulation Rock And Soil of the present invention is utilized according to the following steps
The drag generated to circular pipe wall surface to flow is measured：
(1) experimental site is chosen, the test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in above-mentioned simulation Rock And Soil is installed
System；
(2) one layer of sand bedding course 21 is laid with according to the size principle of similitude on bottom plate according to geological conditions to be tested, in sand pad
It is laid with concrete layer 22 on layer 21 and simulates rock stratum, straight through tube 3 is set to inside concrete layer 22, and cross-section of pipeline is circle,
3 inner wall of straight through tube is provided with the silty clay filled layer 23 for simulating pipeline filler.Then with the plug that blocks water configured
33 block the downstream port 32 of straight through tube 3；Then the water filling into water tank 4, until water flooding overflow port 8, is then opened
Overflow port 8, while continuing water filling, make water level in water tank 4 keep balancing in 8 position of overflow port；
(3) hydrostatic is tested：By lifting support regulating base board 1 to being horizontally arranged, valve 7 is then opened to straight through tube 3
Middle water filling stops water filling after so that water is full of straight through tube 3；
(4) lifting support 9 is adjusted, lift side is made slowly to tilt down, until the concrete layer 22 on bottom plate 1 just occurs
Stop adjustment lifting support 9 when sliding at once, and measures the inclination angle alpha of bottom plate 1 at this time；
(5) water experiment is moved：Reduction bottom plate 1 is to horizontal positioned and laid on bottom plate 1 according to mode identical with step B
Simulation rock-soil layer 2 simultaneously sets its internal straight through tube 3, then opens the water filling into straight through tube 3 of valve 7, water is made to be full of
Straight through tube 3；
(6) pull out the plug 33 that blocks water, while adjusting lifting support 9, lift side is made slowly to tilt down, should during keep to
It water filling and adjusts water flow in straight through tube 3 and ensures in straight through tube 3 to be full of flow always, until the concrete layer on bottom plate 1
22 stop adjustment lifting support 9 at once when just sliding, and measure the inclination angle beta of bottom plate 1 at this time；
(7) drag of the flow to 3 wall surface of straight through tube is calculated according to experimental result.
Embodiment two：
The test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in the simulation Rock And Soil of the present invention is utilized according to the following steps
The drag generated to rectangular duct wall surface to flow is measured：
(1) experimental site is chosen, the test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in above-mentioned simulation Rock And Soil is installed
System；
(2) one layer of sand bedding course 21 is laid with according to the size principle of similitude on bottom plate according to geological conditions to be tested, in sand pad
It is laid with concrete layer 22 on layer 21 and simulates rock stratum, straight through tube 3 is set to inside concrete layer 22, and cross-section of pipeline is rectangle,
3 inner wall of straight through tube is provided with the silty clay filled layer 23 for simulating pipeline filler.Then with the plug that blocks water configured
33 block the downstream port 32 of straight through tube 3；Then the water filling into water tank 4, until water flooding overflow port 8, is then opened
Overflow port 8, while continuing water filling, make water level in water tank 4 keep balancing in 8 position of overflow port；
(3) hydrostatic is tested：By lifting support regulating base board 1 to being horizontally arranged, valve 7 is then opened to straight through tube 3
Middle water filling stops water filling after so that water is full of straight through tube 3；
(4) lifting support 9 is adjusted, lift side is made slowly to tilt down, until the concrete layer 22 on bottom plate 1 just occurs
Stop adjustment lifting support 9 when sliding at once, and measures the inclination angle alpha of bottom plate 1 at this time；
(5) water experiment is moved：Reduction bottom plate 1 is to horizontal positioned and laid on bottom plate 1 according to mode identical with step B
Simulation rock-soil layer 2 simultaneously sets its internal straight through tube 3, then opens the water filling into straight through tube 3 of valve 7, water is made to be full of
Straight through tube 3；
(6) pull out the plug 33 that blocks water, while adjusting lifting support 9, lift side is made slowly to tilt down, should during keep to
It water filling and adjusts water flow in straight through tube 3 and ensures in straight through tube 3 to be full of flow always, until the concrete layer on bottom plate 1
22 stop adjustment lifting support 9 at once when just sliding, and measure the inclination angle beta of bottom plate 1 at this time；
(7) drag of the flow to 3 wall surface of straight through tube is calculated according to experimental result.
Cross section is set in concrete layer for round and square it should be appreciated that being used in above-described embodiment one and embodiment two
The straight through tube of shape is measured, the considerations of merely for the sake of convenient for modelling, measuring principle according to the present invention it is found that this
The measurement device and method of invention could be applicable to the straight through tube wall surface current drag power that other forms include irregular form
Measurement.
Computational methods：
By to Rock And Soil (in embodiment one and embodiment two Rock And Soil with straight through tube with straight through tube
Refer to concrete layer) carry out power equilibrium analysis, substitute into smooth water test under the conditions of calculated frictional resistance Ff, to calculate
Drag F of the flow to straight through tube wall surfaced。
Force analysis of the Rock And Soil with straight through tube under hydrostatic experiment and dynamic water experiment condition is respectively such as Fig. 5, Fig. 6
It is shown.
Drag calculation formula is as follows：
In formula：
G represents the Rock And Soil with straight through tube and conducts oneself with dignity,
F represents the pressure of water body in straight through tube to Rock And Soil,
FfLower layer's rock mass is represented to the frictional force of the Rock And Soil with straight through tube (in embodiment one and embodiment two table
Show frictional force of the sand bedding course to concrete layer),
α represents the base plate inclination degree measured under the conditions of smooth water test,
β represents the base plate inclination degree for moving and being measured under the conditions of water test,
FdRepresent the drag that flow generates straight through tube wall surface.
Claims (7)
1. simulating the test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in Rock And Soil, including bottom plate (1), it is layed in bottom plate (1)
On inside have straight through tube (3) simulation rock-soil layer (2) and water tank (4)；The bottom plate (1) includes fixing end and lifting
End, the fixing end are fixed by trunnion axis and can be rotated around trunnion axis, and the lift side is connected with lifting gear, lifting gear
The height of continuously adjustable lift side in the vertical direction；Straight through tube (3) in the simulation rock-soil layer (2) includes close to solid
The downstream port (32) of the upstream port (31) of fixed end and close lift side, the downstream port (32) is configured with and port shape
The matched plug (33) that blocks water；Water tank (4) side wall offers several water outlet of water tank (5), and the setting of water outlet of water tank (5) is high
Degree is not less than the height of upstream port (31), and water outlet of water tank (5) is connected to upstream port (31) by aqueduct (6), flow
It is controlled by valve (7), when valve (7) is opened, the water in water tank (4) can enter in straight through tube (3)；The water tank (4)
On be additionally provided with overflow port (8), the setting height of overflow port (8) is higher than the setting height of water outlet of water tank (5).
2. the test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect, feature in simulation Rock And Soil according to claim 1
It is：The lifting gear is lifting support (9).
3. the test system of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect, feature in simulation Rock And Soil according to claim 1
It is：The simulation rock-soil layer (2) includes the sand bedding course (21) being laid on bottom plate (1) and is laid on mixed on sand bedding course (21)
Solidifying soil layer (22), straight through tube (3) are set to concrete layer (22) inside, and straight through tube (3) inner wall has silty clay
Filled layer (23).
4. pipeline water flow wall surface pulls stress effect in the simulation Rock And Soil according to any claim in claims 1 to 3
Test system, it is characterised in that：Straight through tube (3) cross section is circle.
5. pipeline water flow wall surface pulls stress effect in the simulation Rock And Soil according to any claim in claims 1 to 3
Test system, it is characterised in that：Straight through tube (3) cross section is rectangle.
6. simulating the test method of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in Rock And Soil, include the following steps：
A, experimental site is chosen, the survey of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect in simulation Rock And Soil described in claim 1 is installed
Test system；
B, the internal simulation rock-soil layer (2) with straight through tube (3) is laid on bottom plate (1) according to geological conditions to be tested,
The downstream port (32) of straight through tube (3) is blocked with the plug (33) that blocks water configured；Then the water filling into water tank (4), until
Water flooding overflow port (8) then opens overflow port (8), while continuing water filling, makes in water tank (4) water level in overflow port (8) position
Set holding balance；
C, hydrostatic is tested：By lifting gear regulating base board (1) to being horizontally arranged, valve (7) is then opened to straight through tube (3)
Middle water filling makes water close valve (7) afterwards full of straight through tube (3)；
D, lifting gear is adjusted, lift side is made slowly to tilt down, until the simulation rock-soil layer (2) on bottom plate (1) just occurs
Stop adjustment lifting gear when sliding at once, and measures the inclination angle alpha of bottom plate (1) at this time；
E, water experiment is moved：Reduction bottom plate (1) is extremely horizontal positioned and is laid on bottom plate (1) according to mode identical with step B
Inside has the simulation rock-soil layer (2) of straight through tube (3), with the plug (33) that blocks water configured by the downstream of straight through tube (3)
Mouth (32) is blocked, and valve (7) water filling into straight through tube (3) is then opened, and water is made to be full of straight through tube (3)；
F, the plug (33) that blocks water is pulled out, while adjusting lifting gear, lift side is made slowly to tilt down, valve should be kept in the process
(7) it is open state and adjusts water flow and ensure in straight through tube (3) to be full of flow always, until the simulation rock on bottom plate (1)
Stop adjustment lifting gear when soil layer (2) just slides at once, and measures the inclination angle beta of bottom plate (1) at this time；
G, drag of the flow to straight through tube (3) wall surface is calculated according to experimental result.
7. the test method of pipeline water flow wall surface towing stress effect, feature in simulation Rock And Soil according to claim 6
It is：The simulation rock-soil layer (2) includes the sand bedding course (21) being laid on bottom plate (1) and is laid on mixed on sand bedding course (21)
Solidifying soil layer (22), straight through tube (3) are set to concrete layer (22) inside, and straight through tube (3) inner wall has silty clay
Filled layer (23).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109682524A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-04-26 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of experiment rigid elongate bar test specimen towing force measuring device |
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