CN108759770A - Spatial angle measuring system and the method for increasing reception signal beams range - Google Patents
Spatial angle measuring system and the method for increasing reception signal beams range Download PDFInfo
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- CN108759770A CN108759770A CN201810389851.8A CN201810389851A CN108759770A CN 108759770 A CN108759770 A CN 108759770A CN 201810389851 A CN201810389851 A CN 201810389851A CN 108759770 A CN108759770 A CN 108759770A
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of spatial angle measuring system, including the first polarised light generating unit, the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit and dual rotary rhombic prism unit, dual rotary rhombic prism unit is located between the first polarised light generating unit and the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit.The spatial angle measuring system come increase receive signal beams range method be：First polarised light generating unit is for sending out linearly polarized light；Dual rotary rhombic prism unit increases receiving area for adjusting linearly polarized light direction of beam propagation and ensures linearly polarized light vertical incidence into the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit；First polarization light-receiving and measuring unit are used to receive the linearly polarized light of vertical incidence.The present invention utilizes the rotation of diclinic square glass prism, increase the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit receives the range of polarized light signal light beam, and acted on by four secondary reflections of dual rotary rhombic prism, you can polarized light signal beam orthogonal is incident to the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to polarised light angle measuring system technical fields, and in particular to a kind of spatial angle measuring system and increasing connects
The method of collection of letters beam range.
Background technology
In the prior art, the quick space angle measurement that Xi'an precision optics mechanical investigations institute Lu Weiguo, Wu Yiming et al. is proposed
The basic principle of system as shown in Figure 1, the light beam that the laser light source L with beam expanding lens BE is sent out by light transmission shaft in the directions y
Polarizer p-shaped at linearly polarized light, linearly polarized light is by being used as analyzer and optical axis and the angular separations y are about ± 45 °
Wollaston prisms W is divided into the two orthogonal linearly polarized lights in beam polarization direction, arrives separately at photodetector DeAnd Do, utilize
Follow-up signal processing circuit handles the signal that photodetector receives, you can calculates Wollaston prism optical axises
The azimuth δ of deviation ± 45° angle.Wherein, laser light source L, beam expanding lens BE and polarizer P form polarized light signal generating unit,
Wollaston prisms W, photodetector De, photodetector DoPolarization light-receiving is formed with signal processing circuit and is measured single
Member.
Specific azimuth δ is resolved in real time using the two paths of signals light intensity of acquisition, δ=arcsin [(Ie-
Io)/(Ie+Io)]/2, in formula, Ie、IoThe respectively light intensity of two outgoing beams.The system mainly utilizes polarised light to carry inherently
Direction of vibration information realizes the transmission and accurate measurement of angle.In addition, using detector come when receiving this useful signal,
To improve signal resolving capacity, the measuring precision is improved, scholars propose carries out magneto-optic modulation to polarization signal, will be useful
Light intensity signal become the electric signal being repeated cyclically, then improve letter by using locking amplification and the methods of Sampling Integral
It makes an uproar and compares, inhibit and screen out noise, restore the useful signal waveform being repeated cyclically in noise, it is real to improve precise angular positions
Existing accurate measurement.
The angle is transmitted and measurement method is compared to machinery and other method of geometrical optics, need not rigidly be connected due to having
Connect, the features such as distance remote, high certainty of measurement are transmitted in orientation, be widely used at present rocket and MISSILE LAUNCHING, spacecraft launching site,
The devices such as glass internal stress measurement.
By in practical application, the distance that system perspective is transmitted is farther out, it is desirable that as long as polarized light signal receiving unit is in
In receiving area, it will be able to complete signal resolving and processing work, omit adjustment polarised light generating unit and signal receiving unit
This consuming job of the two optical axis coincidence shortens time of measuring, enhances rapid response capacity.Therefore in polarised light generating unit pair
The light beam that light source is sent out is expanded, and to there is certain area coverage in distant location light beam, is received convenient for receiving unit.It passes
The method of system makes light beam exiting parallel using heavy caliber collimating mirror, but be limited to polarizing prism and magneto-optic glass clear aperture and
The bore of system bulk weight, collimating mirror can not possibly be too big, therefore the method that certain angle can only be used to expand, and expands light and enter
No longer vertical incidence, incident light has certain orientation and incident angle, can cause to be polarized when being incident upon the polarizer or receiving unit
The extinction ratio of device changes, and can also have Polarization aberration after Wollaston prisms, and the polarization state of outgoing light wave is made to occur
Variation, these will all cause the measuring precision to reduce.
Ideally, precision highest when beam orthogonal incidence to realize that beam orthogonal is incident, and is covered with larger
Lid range needs to expand parallel arrow beam of light into parallel angle pencil of ray, and traditional method that expands has plane mirror prism beam splitting method,
Or heavy caliber expander lens are used, and these will all lead to systems bulky, this and military optical instrument system bulk are small-sized
The requirement of change is contradictory, in addition system cost will be caused to increase, and installation and debugging and transport use are extremely difficult, most important
It is that can introduce many other optical elements, the processing of each optical element and rigging error or material sheet to system in this way
The many factors such as the internal stress of body, the optical path difference additionally introduced can cause error to entire measuring system, lead to systematic survey
Precision reduces, and loses more than gain.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of spatial angle measuring system, it can ensure that incidence first polarizes light-receiving and survey
The light beam vertical incidence of unit is measured, and system is made to have larger coverage area.
It is a further object to provide the methods that the increase of above-mentioned measuring system receives signal beams range.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme：
Spatial angle measuring system, including the first polarised light generating unit, the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit and double
Rhombic prism unit is rotated, dual rotary rhombic prism unit is located at the first polarised light generating unit and the first polarization light-receiving and survey
Between amount unit；First polarised light generating unit is for sending out linearly polarized light；Dual rotary rhombic prism unit is inclined for adjusting line
Light direction of beam propagation shake to increase receiving area and ensure that linearly polarized light vertical incidence is single into the first polarization light-receiving and measurement
Member；First polarization light-receiving and measuring unit are used to receive the linearly polarized light of vertical incidence；
First polarised light generating unit includes first light source, the first beam expanding lens and first polarizer；First light source is for sending out
Go out light beam, the first beam expanding lens and first polarizer are arranged on the beam exit direction of first light source, wherein the first beam expanding lens position
Between first light source and first polarizer；First beam expanding lens is used to the light beam that first light source is emitted being adjusted to collimated light beam,
Exiting parallel；First polarizer is used to convert collimated light beam to the linearly polarized light that direction of vibration carries orientation angles information；
Dual rotary rhombic prism unit includes the first rhombic prism and the second rhombic prism, is provided on the first rhombic prism
First rotary shaft is provided with the second rotary shaft on the second rhombic prism；The first incidence hole and are provided on first rhombic prism
One light hole；The second incidence hole and the second light hole are provided on second rhombic prism；Wherein, the first incidence hole is in first partially
The light generating unit that shakes is sent out on the beam direction of linearly polarized light, the central axes L of the first light hole1With the central axes of the second incidence hole
L2It overlaps；
First polarization light-receiving and measuring unit include the first analyzer and the first signal receives and processing circuit；First inspection
It is provided with third incidence hole on inclined device；
The central axes L of second light hole4With the central axes L of third incidence hole5It overlaps.
Further, the central axes L of the first rotary shaft3, the first light hole central axes L1With the central axes of the second incidence hole
L2Three overlaps；The central axes L of second rotary shaft6, the second light hole central axes L4With the central axes L of third incidence hole5Three
It overlaps.
Wherein, there are two reflectings surface for the first rhombic prism, are the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface respectively；Second rectangle rib
There are two reflectings surface for mirror, are third reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface respectively；First reflecting surface occurs for receiving the first polarised light
The linearly polarized light that unit is sent out, and linearly polarized light is reflected to the second reflecting surface, reflection angle alpha1It is 90 °；Second reflecting surface is used for
Linearly polarized light is reflected to third reflecting surface, reflection angle alpha2It is 90 °；Third reflecting surface is used to linearly polarized light being reflected to the 4th anti-
Penetrate face, reflection angle alpha3It is 90 °；4th reflecting surface is used to linearly polarized light being reflected to the third incidence hole of the first analyzer, reflection
Angle α4It is 90 °.
Furthermore it is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film on the first reflecting surface, photodetector is provided with below the first reflecting surface.
Above-mentioned spatial angle measuring system come increase receive signal beams range method, be as follows：
Step 1,
First light source sends out light beam, and light beam passes through the first beam expanding lens, the first beam expanding lens that light beam is adjusted to collimated light beam, accurate
Straight light beam is then passed through first polarizer, and first polarizer converts collimated light beam to direction of vibration and carries orientation angles information
Linearly polarized light；
Step 2,
First polarization light-receiving and measuring unit are positioned over the first polarised light with dual rotary rhombic prism unit, list occurs
The lower section of member；Wherein, the linearly polarized light side that the first incidence hole of the first rhombic prism is sent out towards the first polarised light generating unit
To；
Step 3,
Controller controls the first rhombic prism and rotate around the first rotary shaft, and the second rhombic prism of control is around the
Two rotary shafts rotate；Enable the first incidence hole of the first rhombic prism by the rotation of the first rhombic prism and the second rhombic prism
The linearly polarized light that the first polarised light generating unit is sent out enough is received, after linearly polarized light is incident to the first reflecting surface, then transmitted through
It is coated with the first reflecting surface of semi-transparent semi-reflecting film, the photodetector being located at below the first reflecting surface is made to receive optical signal；
Step 4,
The foundation that the optical signal that can be received according to photodetector is rotated in place as judgement, it is double after being rotated in place
The first rhombic prism and the second rhombic prism in rotation rhombic prism unit terminate to rotate；
Step 5,
After the end rotation of first rhombic prism and the second rhombic prism, linear polarization that the first polarised light generating unit is sent out
Light is radiated at by the first incidence hole on the first reflecting surface, and linearly polarized light is reflected to the second reflecting surface by the first reflecting surface, reflection
Angle α1It is 90 °；Linearly polarized light is reflected to third reflecting surface, reflection angle alpha by the second reflecting surface2It is 90 °；Third reflecting surface is inclined by line
Light reflection of shaking gives the 4th reflecting surface, reflection angle alpha3It is 90 °；Linearly polarized light is reflected to the of the first analyzer by the 4th reflecting surface again
Three incidence holes, reflection angle alpha4It it is 90 °, such linearly polarized light gives the first analyzer with regard to vertical incidence；
Step 6,
First signal receives and processing circuit completes the survey of optical axis of crystal angle between first polarizer and the first analyzer
Amount, and according in dual rotary rhombic prism unit the first rhombic prism and the second rhombic prism rotate after it is residing respectively
Orientation, the first signal receives and processing circuit completes linearly polarized light through the first reflecting surface, the second reflecting surface, third reflecting surface and the
The angle modification of the four reflectings surface linearly polarized light direction of vibration variation caused by four secondary reflections in total；
If the length of the first rhombic prism and the second rhombic prism distinguishes a and b, then first light-receiving and measuring unit are polarized
On the direction for receiving the linearly polarized light that polarised light generating unit is sent out, pass through the first rectangle rib in dual rotary rhombic prism unit
Polarization light-receiving is expanded in the rotation of mirror and the second rhombic prism and measuring unit receives the signal light that polarised light generating unit is sent out
Beam is ranging from：
S=π r2=π (a+b)2
R is the first polarization light-receiving in above formula and measuring unit (2) receives the letter that the first polarised light generating unit (1) is sent out
The expansion of number light beam receives radius.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. four secondary reflections by dual rotary rhombic prism act on, you can polarized light signal beam orthogonal is incident to first
Polarize light-receiving and measuring unit, solve in the prior art polarized light signal light beam non-normal incidence into polarization light-receiving and survey
The variation of device extinction ratio, Polarization aberration etc. caused by amount unit lead to the problem of systematic measurement error greatly.
2. the present invention utilizes the rotation of diclinic square glass prism, increases the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit receives polarised light letter
The range of number light beam, is substituted polarised light generating unit in the prior art and is expanded using beam expanding lens and cover model to reach larger light beam
The method enclosed.
3. the first beam expanding lens in the first polarised light generating unit of the invention is by laser signal light beam with the parallel of minor diameter
Beam exit eliminates every error caused by light beam non-normal incidence, and wherein dual rotary rhombic prism is to four secondary reflection of light beam
The variation of caused linearly polarized light direction of vibration can be corrected in the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit.
4. measuring system of the present invention compares traditional remote space angle measuring system, error influence factor is less, measures essence
Degree is higher；And increase system and receive the range of signal beams, while having that principle is simple and convenient to operate and engineering ability is strong
The characteristics of.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic principle figure of quick space angle measuring system in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of prior art medium and long distance space angle measuring system；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of spatial angle measuring system of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is dual rotary rhombic prism unit and the first polarization light-receiving and measurement in spatial angle measuring system of the present invention
The concrete structure schematic diagram of unit；
Fig. 5 is the central axes L of the first rotary shaft in spatial angle measuring system of the present invention3, the first light hole central axes L1
With the central axes L of the second incidence hole2The schematic diagram that three overlaps；
Fig. 6 is the central axes L of the second rotary shaft in spatial angle measuring system of the present invention6, the second light hole central axes L4
With the central axes L of third incidence hole5The schematic diagram that three overlaps；
Fig. 7 is the mark schematic diagram that the length of the first rhombic prism in spatial angle measuring system of the present invention is a；
Fig. 8 is the mark schematic diagram that the length of the second rhombic prism in spatial angle measuring system of the present invention is b.
Figure label is as follows：
1. the first polarised light generating unit；2. the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit；3. dual rotary rhombic prism unit；
4. photodetector；
11. first light source；12. the first beam expanding lens；13. first polarizer；
21. the first analyzer；211. third incidence holes；22. the first signal receives and processing circuit；
31. the first rhombic prism；311. first rotary shafts；312. first incidence holes；313. first light holes；314. first
Reflecting surface；315. second reflectings surface；
32. the second rhombic prism；321. second rotary shafts；322. second incidence holes；323. second light holes；324. third
Reflecting surface；325. the 4th reflectings surface；
5. the second polarised light generating unit；6. the second polarization light-receiving and measuring unit；
51. second light source；52. the second beam expanding lens；53. second polarizer；
61. the second analyzer；62. second signal receives and processing circuit.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Fig. 2, being prior art medium and long distance space angle measuring system, which includes the second polarised light generating unit
5 and second polarize light-receiving and measuring unit 6；Second polarised light generating unit 5 includes second light source 51,52 and of the second beam expanding lens
Second polarizer 53；Second light source 51 is arranged for sending out light beam, the second beam expanding lens 52 and second polarizer 53 in second light source
On 51 beam exit direction, wherein the second beam expanding lens 52 is located between second light source 51 and second polarizer 53；Second polarization
Light-receiving and measuring unit 6 include the second analyzer 61 and second signal receives and processing circuit 62.Its operation principle is：Second
Light source 51 sends out light beam, and light beam is passed through the second beam expanding lens 52, the second beam expanding lens 52 that light beam is made to be emitted with certain dispersion angle, expanded
Light beam after beam is then passed through second polarizer 53, and second polarizer 53 will expand light and be converted into direction of vibration carrying orientation angles letter
The linearly polarized light of breath；Linearly polarized light injects the second analyzer 61, and the second analyzer 61 is to linearly polarized light analyzing, last linearly polarized light
It is received by second signal and processing circuit 62 receives, second signal receives and processing circuit 62 can calculate the polarizer and analyzing
Orientation angle between both devices optical axis of crystal.In actual work, farther out, second polarizes the distance that orientation angles are transmitted the system
Light generating unit 5 sends out the linearly polarized light for carrying azimuth information, and the second polarization light-receiving and measuring unit 6 are somebody's turn to do in received down
When signal beams, it cannot achieve the two optical axis and be completely superposed, as long as the second polarized light signal of system requirements receives and measuring unit 6
In receiving area, it will be able to it completes signal and resolves and processing work, omit both adjustment optical axis coincidence this consuming job,
Shorten time of measuring, enhances rapid response capacity.In addition, being limited by each device size and system bulk, sent out in the second polarised light
Raw unit 5 and second, which polarizes, can not use heavy caliber collimating mirror between light-receiving and measuring unit 6, can only be sent out in the second polarised light
Second beam expanding lens 52 of raw unit 5 expands the light beam that light source is sent out, certain to make light beam have in remote outgoing
Area coverage, convenient for second signal receive and processing circuit 62 receive.But it expands light and is incident to second polarizer 53 and
No longer vertical incidence can cause the extinction ratio of second polarizer 53 with certain orientation and incident angle when two analyzers 61
It changes, can also have Polarization aberration after the second analyzer 61, the polarization state of outgoing light wave is made to change, these are all
The measuring precision will be caused to reduce, and reduce the practicability of system.
As shown in figure 3, the present invention provides a kind of spatial angle measuring system, including the first polarised light generating unit 1, first
Polarization light-receiving and measuring unit 2 and dual rotary rhombic prism unit 3, dual rotary rhombic prism unit 3 are located at the first polarised light
Generating unit 1 and first polarizes between light-receiving and measuring unit 2；First polarised light generating unit 1 is for sending out linearly polarized light；
Dual rotary rhombic prism unit 3 increases receiving area for adjusting linearly polarized light direction of beam propagation and ensures that linearly polarized light hangs down
Directly enter to inject the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit 2；The first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit 2 are for receiving vertically to enter
The linearly polarized light penetrated.
As shown in figure 3, the first polarised light generating unit 1 includes first light source 11, the first beam expanding lens 12 and first polarizer
13；For sending out light beam, the first beam expanding lens 12 and first polarizer 13 are arranged the light beam in first light source 11 and go out first light source 11
It penetrates on direction, wherein the first beam expanding lens 12 is located between first light source 11 and first polarizer 13；First beam expanding lens 12 is used for will
The light beam that first light source 11 is emitted is adjusted to collimated light beam, exiting parallel；First polarizer 13 is for converting collimated light beam to
Direction of vibration carries the linearly polarized light of orientation angles information.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, dual rotary rhombic prism unit 3 includes the first rhombic prism 31 and the second rhombic prism 32；
The first incidence hole 312 and the first light hole 313 are provided on first rhombic prism 31；It is provided with second on second rhombic prism 32
Incidence hole 322 and the second light hole 323.Wherein, the first incidence hole 312 is in the first polarised light generating unit 1 and sends out linear polarization
On the beam direction of light, the central axes L of the first light hole 3131With the central axes L of the second incidence hole 3222It overlaps, as shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit 2 include that the first analyzer 21 and the first signal connect
Receipts and processing circuit 22；It is provided with third incidence hole 211 on first analyzer 21.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6, the central axes L of the second light hole 3234With the central axes L of third incidence hole 2115It overlaps.
Further, the first rotary shaft 311, the central axes L of the first rotary shaft 311 are provided on the first rhombic prism 313、
The central axes L of first light hole 3131With the central axes L of the second incidence hole 3222Three overlaps, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.Second tiltedly
The second rotary shaft 321, the central axes L of the second rotary shaft 321 are provided on square glass prism 326, the second light hole 323 central axes L4
With the central axes L of third incidence hole 2115Three overlaps, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6.
In addition, as shown in figure 4, the first rhombic prism 31 is that the first reflecting surface 314 and second is anti-respectively there are two reflecting surface
Penetrate face 315；There are two reflectings surface for second rhombic prism 32, are third reflecting surface 324 and the 4th reflecting surface 325 respectively.First is anti-
Face 314 is penetrated for receiving the linearly polarized light that the first polarised light generating unit 1 is sent out, and linearly polarized light is reflected to the second reflecting surface
315, reflection angle alpha1It is 90 °；Second reflecting surface 315 is used to linearly polarized light being reflected to third reflecting surface 324, reflection angle alpha2For
90°；Third reflecting surface 324 is used to linearly polarized light being reflected to the 4th reflecting surface 325, reflection angle alpha3It is 90 °；4th reflecting surface
The 325 third incidence hole 211 for linearly polarized light to be reflected to the first analyzer 21, reflection angle alpha4It is 90 °.
Furthermore semi-transparent semi-reflecting film, the lower section of the first reflecting surface 314 as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, are coated on the first reflecting surface 314
It is provided with photodetector 4.
Increase the method for receiving signal beams range using spatial angle measuring system of the present invention, is as follows：
Step 1,
First light source 11 sends out light beam, and light beam passes through the first beam expanding lens 12, the first beam expanding lens 12 to be adjusted to collimate by light beam
The light beam of light beam, collimation is then passed through first polarizer 13, and first polarizer 13 converts collimated light beam to direction of vibration carrying side
The linearly polarized light of position angle information；
Step 2,
First polarization light-receiving and measuring unit 2 are positioned over the first polarised light with dual rotary rhombic prism unit 3 to occur
The lower section of unit 1；Wherein, the line that the first incidence hole 312 of the first rhombic prism 31 is sent out towards the first polarised light generating unit 1
Direction of polarized light；
Step 3,
Controller controls the first rhombic prism 31 and is rotated around the first rotary shaft 311, and controls the second rhombic prism 32
It is rotated around the second rotary shaft 321；Make the first rectangle rib by the rotation of the first rhombic prism 31 and the second rhombic prism 32
First incidence hole 312 of mirror 31 can receive the linearly polarized light that the first polarised light generating unit 1 is sent out, and linearly polarized light is incident to
After first reflecting surface 314, then transmitted through the first reflecting surface 314 for being coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film, make to be located at 314 lower section of the first reflecting surface
Photodetector 4 receive optical signal；
Step 4,
The foundation that the optical signal that can be received according to photodetector 4 is rotated in place as judgement, it is double after being rotated in place
The first rhombic prism 31 and the second rhombic prism 32 rotated in rhombic prism unit 3 terminates rotation；
Step 5,
After the end rotation of first rhombic prism 31 and the second rhombic prism 32, what the first polarised light generating unit 1 was sent out
Linearly polarized light is radiated at by the first incidence hole 312 on the first reflecting surface 314, and linearly polarized light is reflected to by the first reflecting surface 314
Second reflecting surface 315, reflection angle alpha1It is 90 °；Linearly polarized light is reflected to third reflecting surface 324, angle of reflection by the second reflecting surface 315
α2It is 90 °；Linearly polarized light is reflected to the 4th reflecting surface 325, reflection angle alpha by third reflecting surface 3243It is 90 °；4th reflecting surface 325
Linearly polarized light is reflected to the third incidence hole 211 of the first analyzer 21, reflection angle alpha again4It it is 90 °, such linearly polarized light just hangs down
It is straight incident to the first analyzer 21；
Step 6,
First signal receives and processing circuit 22 completes optical axis of crystal folder between first polarizer 13 and the first analyzer 21
The measurement at angle, and according in dual rotary rhombic prism unit 3 the first rhombic prism 31 and the second rhombic prism 32 rotation terminate
Residing orientation is distinguished afterwards, and the first signal receives and the completion linearly polarized light of processing circuit 22 is reflected through the first reflecting surface 314, second
The linearly polarized light direction of vibration variation caused by four secondary reflections in total of face 315, third reflecting surface 324 and the 4th reflecting surface 325
Angle modification；
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, if the length of the first rhombic prism 31 and the second rhombic prism 32 distinguishes a and b, then first
Polarization light-receiving and measuring unit 2 are oblique by dual rotary on the direction for receiving the linearly polarized light that polarised light generating unit 1 is sent out
Polarization light-receiving is expanded in the rotation of first rhombic prism 31 and the second rhombic prism 32 in square glass prism unit 3 and measuring unit 2 connects
The signal beams that receipts polarised light generating unit 1 is sent out are ranging from：
S=π r2=π (a+b)2
R is the first polarization light-receiving in above formula and measuring unit 2 receives the signal light that the first polarised light generating unit 1 is sent out
The expansion of beam receives radius.
Claims (5)
1. spatial angle measuring system, it is characterised in that：Including the first polarised light generating unit (1), first polarization light-receiving and
Measuring unit (2) and dual rotary rhombic prism unit (3), dual rotary rhombic prism unit (3) are located at the first polarised light and list occur
Between first (1) and the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit (2)；The first polarised light generating unit (1) is inclined for sending out line
Shake light；The dual rotary rhombic prism unit (3) is for adjusting linearly polarized light direction of beam propagation to increase receiving area and protect
Linearly polarized light vertical incidence is demonstrate,proved into the first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit (2)；The first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit
(2) it is used to receive the linearly polarized light of vertical incidence；
The first polarised light generating unit (1) includes first light source (11), the first beam expanding lens (12) and first polarizer (13)；
The first light source (11) is arranged for sending out light beam, the first beam expanding lens (12) and first polarizer (13) in first light source (11)
Beam exit direction on, wherein the first beam expanding lens (12) is located between first light source (11) and first polarizer (13)；It is described
First beam expanding lens (12) is used to the light beam that first light source (11) is emitted being adjusted to collimated light beam, exiting parallel；The first
Inclined device (13) is used to convert collimated light beam to the linearly polarized light that direction of vibration carries orientation angles information；
The dual rotary rhombic prism unit (3) includes the first rhombic prism (31) and the second rhombic prism (32), the first rectangle
It is provided with the first rotary shaft (311) on prism (31), the second rotary shaft (321) is provided on the second rhombic prism (32)；It is described
The first incidence hole (312) and the first light hole (313) are provided on first rhombic prism (31)；Second rhombic prism (32)
On be provided with the second incidence hole (322) and the second light hole (323)；Wherein, the first incidence hole (312) is in the first polarised light hair
Raw unit (1) sends out on the beam direction of linearly polarized light, the central axes L of the first light hole (313)1With the second incidence hole (322)
Central axes L2It overlaps；
The first polarization light-receiving and measuring unit (2) include the first analyzer (21) and the reception of the first signal and processing circuit
(22)；Third incidence hole (211) is provided on first analyzer (21)；
The central axes L of second light hole (323)4With the central axes L of third incidence hole (211)5It overlaps.
2. a kind of spatial angle measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First rotary shaft (311)
Central axes L3, the first light hole (313) central axes L1With the central axes L of the second incidence hole (322)2Three overlaps；Described
The central axes L of two rotary shafts (321)6, the second light hole (323) central axes L4With the central axes L of third incidence hole (211)5Three
Person overlaps.
3. a kind of spatial angle measuring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：First rhombic prism (31)
There are two reflectings surface, are the first reflecting surface (314) and the second reflecting surface (315) respectively；Second rhombic prism (32) has two
A reflecting surface is third reflecting surface (324) and the 4th reflecting surface (325) respectively；First reflecting surface (314) is for receiving first partially
The linearly polarized light that the light generating unit (1) that shakes is sent out, and linearly polarized light is reflected to the second reflecting surface (315), reflection angle alpha1For
90°；Second reflecting surface (315) is used to linearly polarized light being reflected to third reflecting surface (324), reflection angle alpha2It is 90 °；Third reflects
Face (324) is used to linearly polarized light being reflected to the 4th reflecting surface (325), reflection angle alpha3It is 90 °；4th reflecting surface (325) is used for
Linearly polarized light is reflected to the third incidence hole (211) of the first analyzer (21), reflection angle alpha4It is 90 °.
4. a kind of spatial angle measuring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：On first reflecting surface (314)
It is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film, photodetector (4) is provided with below the first reflecting surface (314).
5. a kind of increasing the method for receiving signal beams range using spatial angle measuring system described in claim 4, special
Sign is, is as follows：
Step 1,
First light source (11) sends out light beam, and light beam passes through the first beam expanding lens (12), subject to the first beam expanding lens (12) adjusts light beam
The light beam of collimated optical beam, collimation is then passed through first polarizer (13), and first polarizer (13) converts collimated light beam to direction of vibration
Carry the linearly polarized light of orientation angles information；
Step 2,
First polarization light-receiving and measuring unit (2) are positioned over the first polarised light with dual rotary rhombic prism unit (3) to occur
The lower section of unit (1)；Wherein, the first incidence hole (312) the first polarised light generating unit (1) of direction of the first rhombic prism (31)
The linearly polarized light direction sent out；
Step 3,
Controller controls the first rhombic prism (31) and is rotated around the first rotary shaft (311), and controls the second rhombic prism
(32) it is rotated around the second rotary shaft (321)；Made by the rotation of the first rhombic prism (31) and the second rhombic prism (32)
The first incidence hole (312) of first rhombic prism (31) can receive the linear polarization that the first polarised light generating unit (1) is sent out
Light after linearly polarized light is incident to the first reflecting surface (314), then transmitted through the first reflecting surface (314) for being coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film, makes
Photodetector (4) below the first reflecting surface (314) receives optical signal；
Step 4,
The foundation that the optical signal that can be received according to photodetector (4) is rotated in place as judgement, after being rotated in place, bispin
The first rhombic prism (31) and the second rhombic prism (32) turned in rhombic prism unit (3) terminates rotation；
Step 5,
After the end rotation of first rhombic prism (31) and the second rhombic prism (32), the first polarised light generating unit (1) is sent out
Linearly polarized light be radiated on the first reflecting surface (314) by the first incidence hole (312), the first reflecting surface (314) is by linear polarization
Light reflection gives the second reflecting surface (315), reflection angle alpha1It is 90 °；Linearly polarized light is reflected to third reflection by the second reflecting surface (315)
Face (324), reflection angle alpha2It is 90 °；Linearly polarized light is reflected to the 4th reflecting surface (325), reflection angle alpha by third reflecting surface (324)3
It is 90 °；Linearly polarized light is reflected to the third incidence hole (211) of the first analyzer (21), angle of reflection by the 4th reflecting surface (325) again
α4It it is 90 °, such linearly polarized light gives the first analyzer (21) with regard to vertical incidence；
Step 6,
First signal receives and processing circuit (22) completes the optical axis of crystal between first polarizer (13) and the first analyzer (21)
The measurement of angle, and according to the first rhombic prism (31) and the second rhombic prism (32) in dual rotary rhombic prism unit (3)
Orientation residing respectively after rotation, the first signal receives and processing circuit (22) completes linearly polarized light through the first reflecting surface
(314), the second reflecting surface (315), third reflecting surface (324) and the 4th reflecting surface (325) line caused by four secondary reflections in total
Polarize the angle modification of optical vibration direction variation；
If the length of the first rhombic prism (31) and the second rhombic prism (32) distinguishes a and b, then the first polarization light-receiving and measurement
Unit (2) passes through dual rotary rhombic prism unit on the direction for receiving the linearly polarized light that polarised light generating unit (1) is sent out
(3) polarization light-receiving is expanded in the rotation of the first rhombic prism (31) and the second rhombic prism (32) in and measuring unit (2) receives
The signal beams that polarised light generating unit (1) is sent out are ranging from：
S=π r2=π (a+b)2
R is the first polarization light-receiving in above formula and measuring unit (2) receives the signal light that the first polarised light generating unit (1) is sent out
The expansion of beam receives radius.
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