CN108758789A - A kind of intelligent energy-saving device for central heating - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to heating equipment technical field more particularly to a kind of intelligent energy-saving devices for central heating, which is characterized in that low high warm spot control sensor, wireless switching and wireless receiving and control system including communicating connection；By using a controlling temperature sensor, by the way that the highest temperature, lowest temperature room are measured and controlled simultaneously, between so that room temperature is maintained 16 DEG C to 24 DEG C of national regulation always, best energy-saving efficiency is obtained；Heating energy is realized by using two controlling temperature sensors of high and low temperature, existing thermostat valve needs is overcome and is installed on each radiator, energy saving cost can be caused to increase due to large number of, the shortcomings that reliability decrease；By opening, turning off steam, only need to be in one key operation of import and export, the existing thermostat valve of customer service needs artificially to close large number of, it has not been convenient to the shortcomings that operating.

Description

A kind of intelligent energy-saving device for central heating

Technical field

The present invention relates to heating equipment technical field more particularly to a kind of intelligent energy-saving devices for central heating.

Background technology

Existing Radiator Thermostatic Controller --- also known as：Thermostat valve.In recent years the thermostat valve quilt in China's new building house Commonly used, thermostat valve is mounted on the heating radiator of house and public building, can require setting according to the different of user Room temperature, its temperature-sensitive part constantly experiences room temperature and automatically adjusts the supply of heat at any time according to current heat demand, to prevent Room temperature overheats, and reaches the highest comfort level of user.

Architecture heating system is according to maximum heating load design-calculated required under the minimum outdoor temperature of statistics.But this Kind of design temperature is only occurring several days in severe cold season, this mean that in entire Heating Season only in the past few days heating system at full capacity Operation.In the remaining most of the time, much smaller than design value of the required thermic load of room temperature are ensured, moreover, thermic load Constantly changing, the daily thermic load of entire warm season is all different.Thermostat valve automatically can keep accurate by scheduled requirement True room temperature, without the influence of climate condition.One thermostat valve is installed in each room, guarantee can make full use of sun " free " thermal energy that light, lighting installation, machinery and human body are distributed, to achieve the effect that save the energy.

Radiator thermostatic control valve is made of thermostatic controller, flow control valve and a pair of of connector, wherein constant temperature The core component of controller is sensor unit, i.e. thermometer bulb.Thermometer bulb can incude the variation of ambient temperature and generate volume Variation drives regulation valve core to generate displacement, and then adjusts the water of radiator to change the heat dissipation capacity of radiator.Thermostatic valve is set Constant temperature degree can be automatically controlled and be adjusted the water of radiator by sets requirement taking human as adjusting, thermostatic valve, to be controlled to reach The purpose of indoor temperature processed.Thermostat valve is usually, by flow automatic regulation, to realize the room that resident needs before radiator Temperature.Thermostat valve is divided into two-way thermostat valve and three-way temperature control valve.Three-way temperature control valve is mainly used for the single-main distribution across pipe, Its diverting coefficient can change in the range of 0~100%, and flow-rate adjustment leeway is big, but price is somewhat expensive, and structure is more complex. Two-way thermostat valve some is used for two-pipe system, and some is used for single-main distribution.Two-way thermostat valve resistance for two-pipe system is larger； Resistance for single-main distribution is smaller.The temperature sensing package of thermostat valve is typically assembled into an entirety with valve body, and temperature sensing package itself is Live indoor temperature transmitter.

Although existing thermostat valve has many good qualities, there is also following insufficient and disadvantages：

1, the temperature sensing package of existing thermostat valve is mounted on temperature controller, and temperature controller be installed on a heat sink, can only be acquired scattered Temperature near hot device, nearby temperature is all very high for general radiator, and the other local temperature in room are low, can cause thermostat valve tune in this way It is whole to lose meaning due to really reflect room true temperature.

2, existing thermostat valve needs are installed on each radiator of building, and energy saving cost can be caused due to large number of Increase, reliability decrease.

3, when long-time building is not necessarily to heating, existing thermostat valve closes, it is large number of to open, it has not been convenient to operate.

4, it is adjusted using analog scaling due to existing thermostat valve, user can only be with feeling, it is difficult to control in national regulation In temperature range, reach best energy saving purpose.

Invention content

The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of intelligent power saving for central heating Device makes room temperature by using a controlling temperature sensor by the way that the highest temperature, lowest temperature room are measured and controlled simultaneously Always between maintain national regulation 16 DEG C to 24 DEG C, best energy-saving efficiency is obtained；By using two point controls of high and low temperature Temperature sensor realizes heating energy, overcomes existing thermostat valve needs and installs on each radiator, due to quantity crowd Energy saving cost can be mostly caused to increase, the shortcomings that reliability decrease；By opening, turning off steam, only need to be grasped in one key of import and export Make, the existing thermostat valve of customer service needs artificially to close large number of, it has not been convenient to the shortcomings that operating；By using 24 DEG C, 16 DEG C Two controlling temperature sensors, have been accurately controlled indoor temperature, overcome and are adjusted using analog scaling due to existing thermostat valve, User can only be with feeling, it is difficult to the shortcomings that controlling the energy saving purpose for reaching best within the temperature range of national regulation.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of intelligent energy-saving device for central heating, which is characterized in that the low high warm spot including communicating connection Control sensor, wireless switching and wireless receiving and control system；

The low high warm spot control sensor includes temperature acquisition sensor, the collected letter of temperature acquisition sensor Number signal is passed to coded RF radiating circuit by low high temperature signal processing and switching circuit further passes to signal Wireless receiving and control system；

The low high warm spot control sensor is powered by solar powered and accumulation power supply, the low high warm spot control sensing Device is connected to solar powered and accumulation power supply by energy-saving circuit；

The wireless switching includes no lock-switch, the no lock-switch by coded RF radiating circuit and wireless receiving and Control system communication connection, the wireless switching are powered by solar powered and accumulation power supply；

The wireless receiving and control system include Receiver Module, and the Receiver Module is by decoding and controlling Circuit module is connected to electric two-way valve, and the electric two-way valve further adjusts the water flow of radiator to adjust temperature.

Further, the temperature acquisition sensor uses satisfactory thermistor temperature sensor；

Thermistor is one kind of sensing element, and the resistance value of thermistor can change with the variation of temperature, with one As fixed resistance it is different, belong to one kind of variable resistance, be widely used in various electronic components.Different from resistance temperature Meter use simple metal, thermistor is made of semiconductor ceramic material, is mostly negative temperature coefficient, i.e., resistance value with temperature increase and It reduces.Temperature change can cause big resistance value to change, therefore it is most sensitive temperature sensor.Thermistor is usually limited Within the temperature range of realize higher precision, typically -90 DEG C~130 DEG C.

Thermistor is the sensitive components that exploitation is early, type is more, development is more ripe, is mainly characterized by：

1) sensitivity is higher, and 10~100 times bigger than metal of temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance or more can detect 0.01 DEG C of temperature Degree variation；

2) operating temperature range is wide, and room temperature device is suitable for -55 DEG C~315 DEG C, and high-temperature device Applicable temperature is higher than 315 DEG C, cryogenic device is suitable for -273 DEG C~55 DEG C；

3) small, the temperature in gap, cavity and biological body vessel that other thermometers are unable to measure can be measured；

4) easy to use, resistance value can arbitrarily select between 0.1~100k Ω；

5) easy processing can be mass-produced at complicated shape；

6) stability is good, overload capacity is strong.

Thermistor operation principle

Thermistor is a kind of sensor resistance, and the resistance value of thermistor changes with the variation of temperature, and general Fixed resistance it is different.The resistance value of metal increases with the raising of temperature, but thermistor is then on the contrary, its resistance value is with temperature The raising of degree and strongly reduce, and present non-linear, be illustrated in fig. 2 shown below.

As seen from the figure, when temperature change is identical, the change in resistance of thermal resistor is about 10 times of platinum resistance thermometer sensor, therefore It can be said that thermal resistor is especially sensitive to the variation of temperature.This temperature characterisitic of thermistor is because semiconductor is led Electric mode is carrier (electronics, hole) conduction.Since the number of carrier in semiconductor is few more than the free electron in metal Much, so its resistivity is very big.With the raising of temperature, conductive carrier number is participated in semiconductor to be increased, Therefore semiconductor conductivity is increased by, its resistivity also just reduces.

Thermal resistor is exactly the resistance value using semiconductor with temperature-sensitive element made of temperature significant changes this characteristics. It is certain metal oxides by made of different formulas.Within the scope of certain temperature, hindered according to thermistor is measured The variation of value can know the temperature change of measured medium.

Thermistor (temperature) sensor general structure as measuring temperature is simpler, and price is less expensive.Without outside protective layer Thermistor can be only applied to dry place；The thermistor of sealing is not afraid of the erosion of moisture, can be used relatively severe In the environment of.Since the resistance value of thermistor (temperature) sensor is larger, therefore the resistance of its connecting wire and contact resistance can be ignored, because This thermistor (temperature) sensor can be applied in the telemeasurement temperature up to several kms, and measuring circuit mostly uses bridge.Profit It is also used as other thermometrics, temperature-adjusting circuit etc. with its principle.

Thermistor model used by this temperature acquisition sensor is NTC-MF52-103-3435, the resistance at 25 DEG C Value is 10k Ω, and the resistance value at 25 DEG C is 4k Ω, and every 1 DEG C of temperature changes the resistance variations for causing 500 Ω.So 10 Ω's Lead resistance only causes insignificant 0.02 DEG C of error.

Further, the low high temperature signal processing and switching circuit use the time-base integrated circuit encapsulated with CMOS ICM7555IBAZ is the steady-state circuit of core；

7555 be widely used a kind of medium scale integration (MSI) in electronic engineering field, it will simulate skilful with logic function It combines wonderfully, there is simple in structure, wide using voltage range, operating rate is fast, timing accuracy is high, driving capability is strong etc. Advantage.

7555 function is mainly determined by two comparators.The output voltage control rest-set flip-flop of two comparators and electric discharge The state of pipe.Voltage, when 5 feet are hanging, the then voltage of the in-phase input end of voltage comparator C1 are added between power supply and ground Voltage for 2Vcc/3, the inverting input of C2 is Vcc/3.If the voltage for triggering input terminal TR is less than Vcc/3, comparator C2 Output be 0, rest-set flip-flop can be made to set 1, make output end OUT=1.If the voltage of threshold value input TH is more than 2Vcc/3, together When the ends TR voltage be more than Vcc/3, then the output that the output of C1 be 0, C2 is 1, can set to 0 rest-set flip-flop, makes output for low electricity It is flat.

Its each pin function is as follows：

1 foot：It is grounded under normal circumstances.

2 feet：Low triggering end TR.

3 feet：Output end vo ut

4 feet：It is direct clear terminal.When this termination low level, then time base circuit does not work, no matter what TR, TH be at this time Level, time base circuit output is " 0 ", which should connect high level when not used.

5 feet：VC voltage ends in order to control.If this end external voltage, the reference voltage of internal two comparators can be changed, when The end when not used, should be sealed in a 0.01 μ F capacity earth by the end, be interfered to prevent introducing.

6 feet：High-triggering end TH.

7 feet：Discharge end.The end is connected with electric discharge pipe collector, the electric discharge of capacitance when being used as timer.

8 feet：External power supply Vcc, ranging from 3~18V of CMOS type time base circuit Vcc.Generally use 5V.It is grounded in 1 foot, 5 The non-external voltage of foot, in the case of two comparator A1, A2 reference voltages are respectively low level, the menu of 7555 time base circuits As shown in table 1 below.

Clear terminal	High-triggering end TH	Low triggering end TR	v0	Discharge tube T (V)	Function
						0	×	×	0	Conducting	Directly reset
1	0	1	X	Keep laststate	Keep laststate
						1	1	0	1	Cut-off	Set 1
1	0	0	1	Cut-off	Set 1
						1	1	1	0	Conducting	It resets

Table 1：The menu of 7555 timers

Lower Fig. 3 is low-temperature signal processing and switching circuit：

Fig. 3 principles are as follows：

When periphery measure temperature be less than 16 DEG C when, the thermistor Rt1 resistance values of negative temperature coefficient become larger, VR1, Rt1, In the bleeder circuit of R1 compositions, since Rt1 resistance values become larger, VR1 is adjusted, the resistance value that VR1 adds Rt1 is made to be more than twice of R1 resistance values, The 2 foot current potentials of 7555 time-base integrated circuit IC1 are less than 1/3 (about 1.7V) of Vcc voltage, and 3 feet of IC1 export high level, Vout For high voltage, gives the coded RF circuit that VD5026 is core and power, send temperature and cross low spot control signal.It is measured when periphery When temperature is higher than 16 DEG C, thermistor Rt1 resistance values become smaller, in the bleeder circuit of VR1, Rt1, R1 composition, since Rt1 resistance values become Small, VR adds the resistance value of Rt1 less than twice of R1 resistance values, and the 2 foot current potentials of 7555 time-base integrated circuit IC1 are higher than the 1/3 of Vcc voltage 3 feet of (about 1.7V), IC1 export low level, and Vout is low-voltage, and coded RF down circuitry stops transmission temperature and crosses low spot Control signal.

Lower Fig. 4 is high temperature signal processing and switching circuit：Principle is as follows：

When periphery measure temperature be higher than 24 DEG C when, the thermistor Rt2 resistance values of negative temperature coefficient become smaller, VR2, R3, In the bleeder circuit of Rt2 compositions, since Rt2 resistance values become smaller, VR2 is adjusted, the resistance value that VR2 adds R3 is made to be more than twice of Rt2 resistance values, The 2 foot current potentials of 7555 time-base integrated circuit IC2 are less than 1/3 (about 1.7V) of Vcc voltage, and 3 feet of IC2 export high level, Vout For high voltage, gives the coded RF circuit that VD5026 is core and power, send temperature and cross high point control signal.It is measured when periphery When temperature is less than 24 DEG C, thermistor Rt2 resistance values become larger, in the bleeder circuit of VR2, R3, Rt2 composition, since Rt2 resistance values become Greatly, VR2 adds the resistance value of R3 less than twice of Rt2 resistance values, and the 2 foot current potentials of 7555 time-base integrated circuit IC2 are higher than the 1/ of Vcc voltage 3 feet of 3 (about 1.7V), IC2 export low level, and Vout is low-voltage, and coded RF down circuitry stops transmission temperature and crosses high point Control signal.

Further, the coded RF radiating circuit is by chip VD5026 and S9018 with address, data encoding function Crystal oscillator radio circuit forms, height warm spot control-register code radio-frequency transmissions and the following Fig. 5 of energy-saving circuit figure, wireless switching coded RF hair It penetrates and without the following Fig. 6 of lock-switch circuit diagram：

Coded integrated circuits IC (VD5026) is CMOS large-scale digital ics, its 1st~8 foot is the defeated of coding Enter end, each input terminal can have three state, i.e. " 0 ", " 1 " or " open circuit ", wherein " 0 " is expressed as low level, " 1 " is expressed as High level, therefore 8 feet can form 38 powers, 6561 different codings.If necessary to more codings, can will input End is changed to 4 state connection types, and at this moment the 1st foot is the commonly connected foot of the 4th kind of state, when the foot of the 2nd foot~the 8th is connect with the 1st foot For the 4th kind of state.So the 2nd foot~the 8th foot can have 4 kinds of states, i.e. " 0 ", " 1 ", " open circuit ", " connecing 1 foot ".In this feelings 47 powers, 16384 codings can be formed under condition.The foot of 10th foot~the 13rd also can be used as coded address line, with the 1st~the 8th Foot is joined together 12 coded address lines of composition, and at this moment coded number may be up to 411=4194304, and the 10th~the of VD5026 the 13 feet are used as Data In-Line, these feet as needed can be with reset or set.14th foot is firing order end, when this foot When ground connection, VD5026 output ends then send out one group of coded pulse.15th foot, the 16th foot are a built-in oscillators, external tens Oscillation can be generated to hundreds of kilo-ohms of resistance, and frequency of oscillation is fosc=1600/R (KHz), and R is outer connecting resistance, unit in formula For kilo-ohm.17th foot is coding output end, and the 18th foot, the 9th foot are the positive and negative electrode of power supply respectively.

VD5026 property lists are as follows：

Characteristic	Symbol	Minimum value	Representative value	Maximum value	Unit
						Operating voltage	VDD	2	5	6	V
Quiescent current	Istb	-	1	10	Ua
						Flow out electric current	IoH	-2.0	-	-	mA
Inflow current	IoL	2.0	-	-	mA
						Input current	Iin	-	-	25	uA

The coded integrated circuits operating voltage range is wider, can be worked normally within the scope of 2~6V, and power pole Small, quiescent current only has 1uA.IC interior contains oscillating circuit, does not have to additional crystal oscillator again.Its peripheral circuit is also very simple It is single.

Fig. 5 circuit diagram operation principles are as follows：

Energy-saving circuit

In Fig. 5 when Vout is high level, since C1 (100 μ/16V) both end voltage can not be mutated, the entire voltages of Vout add It on R1 (1M), that is, acts on coding and radio frequency transmitter circuitry, coded RF radiating circuit emits temperature signal, with C1 (100 μ/16V) are charged by R1 (1M), and voltage is gradually got higher until meeting Vout, R1 (1M) both end voltages are acted on close to zero For voltage on coded RF radiating circuit close to zero, coded RF radiating circuit stops transmitting temperature signal, saves electric energy.

Coded RF radiating circuit

3 foot output voltage Vout of time base circuit 7555 supply electricity to IC (VD5026) through C1, R1 and strength emits electricity Road is core composition data, encoder by VD5026, and the 1-8 feet of VD5026 are address end, by it is hanging, connect anode, ground connection group At different address, but coded excitation must be identical with the address for receiving decoding apparatus, and 9,10,11,12,14 feet of VD5026 connect Ground, in low temperature point control sensor, 13 feet of VD5026 meet+5V, and in high temperature dot control sensor, 13 feet of VD5026 are grounded, Indirect R2 (100K) oscillation resistance of 15 and 16 feet, 18 feet connect positive pole, and 17 feet pass through resistance as pulse signal output end R3 (47K), R4 (10K) partial pressure are modulated at Q1 (S9018), 315MHz crystal oscillators, L1 (2.5T), C2 (10P), C3 (6.8P), C4 On the 315MHz radio-frequency oscillators of (2.2P) and R5 (100 Ω) composition, modulated radiofrequency signal passes through antenna ANT through C5 (1P) Launch, completes the external transmission of height warm spot control signal.

Fig. 6 circuit diagram operation principles are as follows：

Without lock-switch

The technical program, without lock-switch, when exactly pressing, is had two groups of contacts to be respectively turned on, unclamped using double group push types When, it automatically resets, two groups of switches are each turned off；

Coded RF radiating circuit

When indoor occupant is outgoing for a long time needs turning off steam, is clicked before going out and turns off the switch (no lock-switch K2), One group of switch connection power supply of the K2 ,+5V electricity supply IC (VD5026) and strength radiating circuit of power unit, by IC (VD5026) be core composition data, encoder, the 1-8 feet of VD5026 are address end, by it is hanging, connect anode, ground connection forms Different address, but passive switch must be identical with dumb address, 9,10,11,12, the 14 feet ground connection of VD5026, and 13 feet are logical Another group of switch ground connection in no lock-switch K2 is crossed, indirect R16 (100K) oscillation resistance of 15 and 16 feet of VD5026,18 feet connect Positive pole, 17 feet as pulse signal output end by resistance R3 (47K), R4 (10K) partial pressure be modulated at Q (S9018), The 315MHz radio-frequency oscillators of 315MHz crystal oscillators, L (2.5T), C3 (2.2P), C2 (6.8P), C1 (10P) and R5 (100 Ω) compositions On, shutdown signal is transmitted to receiving portion by modulated radiofrequency signal through C4 (1P) by antenna ANT, since K2 opens for no lock It closes, in situ, entire down circuitry, to save electric energy is returned after trip switch.

When indoor occupant needs to open heating back, switch (no lock-switch K1) is connected into pressing behind the door, one group of K1 Switch connection the power supply ,+5V electricity supply IC (VD5026) and strength radiating circuit of power unit are core by IC (VD5026) Heart composition data, encoder, the 1-8 feet of VD5026 are address end, by it is hanging, connect anode, ground connection composition different address, but nothing Source switch must be identical with dumb address, and 9,10,11,12, the 14 feet ground connection of VD5026,13 feet pass through in no lock-switch K1 Another group of switch connect indirect R1 (100K) oscillation resistances of the feet of+5V, 15 and 16,18 feet connect positive pole, and 17 feet are as pulse Signal output end is modulated at Q (S9018), 315MHz crystal oscillators, L (2.5T), C3 by resistance R3 (47K), R4 (10K) partial pressure On the 315MHz radio-frequency oscillators of (2.2P), C2 (6.8P), C1 (10P) and R5 (100 Ω) compositions, modulated radiofrequency signal warp Open signal is transmitted to receiving portion by C4 (1P) by antenna ANT, since K1 is no lock-switch, is returned after trip switch former Position, entire down circuitry, to save electric energy.

Further, the radio frequency reception is by high-frequency amplifier circuit, superregenerative demodulator circuit and dual operational amplifier LM358 Composition, circuit diagram See Figure 7：

LM358 is dual operational amplifier.Inside includes that there are two the operations that independent, high-gain, internal frequency compensate to put Big device is suitable for the very wide single supply of supply voltage range and uses, dual power supply operating mode is also applied for, in the work item of recommendation Under part, source current is unrelated with supply voltage.Its use scope includes sensor amplifier, DC current gain module and other are all The occasion using operational amplifier that can be powered with single supply.

Fig. 7 circuit operation principles are as follows：

The radiofrequency signal of passive switch or the band coding of height warm spot control transmitting is received by ANT antennas, is selected through L1, C2 resonance High-frequency signal is sent to the high-frequency amplifier amplification being made of Q1, R1, R2, R3, C1 after frequency, and amplified high-frequency signal is sent to through C4 The ultra-audio circuit demodulation being made of Q2, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, L2, L3, R4, R5, R6, R7, the coded modulation letter after demodulation Number through R8, C10, R9, C11 composition connection in series-parallel filter filtering after, be sent to the input terminal 5 of IC1 (dual operational amplifier LM358) Foot, after the two-stage calculation amplifier amplification of IC1, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, C12 composition, by IC1, (double operations are put Big device LM358) 1 foot exports coding signal.

Further, the decoding and control circuit are by two groups of chip VD5027 and four with address, data decoding function It is formed with door CMOS chip 74HC08, circuit diagram See Figure 8：

VD5027 is that the CMOS large scale digitals decoding integrated circuit coded integrated circuits operating voltage range is wider, can be with It is worked normally within the scope of 2~6V, and power consumption is minimum, quiescent current only has 1uA.IC interior contains oscillating circuit, Without additional crystal oscillator again.Its peripheral circuit is also very simple.

VD5026 property lists are as follows：

Characteristic	Symbol	Minimum value	Representative value	Maximum value	Unit
						Operating voltage	VDD	2	5	6	V
Quiescent current	Istb	-	1	10	Ua
						Flow out electric current	IoH	-2.0	-	-	mA
Inflow current	IoL	2.0	-	-	mA
						Input current	Iin	-	-	25	uA

Four SN74HC08D produced using Texas Instrument with door IC (4 tunnels 2 input, positive logic, with door)

SN74HC08D model identifications and major parameter：

Fig. 8 operation principles be 1 feet of dual operational amplifier IC1 (LM358) output encoded signal through IC2, IC3, (CMOS is big Scale digital decoding integrated circuit VD5027) the input of 14 feet, VD5027 Rcv decoders have corresponding to 12 of VD5026 letters Breath.The foot of 1st foot~the 8th is address wire.When the address coding that VD5026 is sent out is identical as the coding that VD5027 is preset, it is decoded into Work(, the control signal latch of VD5026 on the 10-13 pins of VD5027.For controlling external circuit.Simultaneously the 17th A positive pulse is exported on foot, also be can be used as external control and is used.Wherein, VD5027 decoder datas output end 10-13 feet, when When having data output, this data is just kept until the power remove of receiving portion, without being controlled by transmitter, that is, It says, VD5027 data output ends have the function of that memory is kept.And VD5027 the 17th foot " bus " output end, when VD5026, When two machine address codes of VD5027 are identical, when correct decoding, the output of the 17th foot switchs to high level.And when transmitter does not emit signal When, the 17th foot current potentials of VD5027 return to low level by height, without memory function.15th foot, the 16th foot are oscillators, outer connecting resistance Value should be identical with VD5026.

Height warm spot control-register code IC (VD5026) is identical as IC1 (VD5027) address codings, is there is low temperature or high temperature dot control When signal is sent, 13 feet of IC1 (VD5027) export decoded open signal (high level) and shutdown signal (low electricity respectively It is flat), this signal is added in by R2 (3.9K) on the 1 foot input terminal of IC3 (74HC08).

Wireless switching coding IC (VD5026) is identical as IC2 (VD5027) address codings, is being opened or closed signal hair When sending, 13 feet of IC2 (VD5027) export decoded open signal (high level) and shutdown signal (low level) respectively, this letter Number by R4 (3.9K) be added on the 2 foot input terminals of IC3.

Control circuit is made of IC3 (74HC08), R5 (1K), Q (S8050), and logical relation is as follows：

After wireless switching sends out shutdown signal, 13 feet of IC2 (VD5027) export low level, make IC3 by R4 (3.9K) 2 feet of (74HC08) be low level, due to or door principle, it is low, IC3 that at this moment no matter the 1 foot level of IC3 (74HC08), which is height, (74HC08) output pin 3 is all low level, so that Q (S8050) is ended by R5 (1K), and electric two-way valve control line yellow line disconnects, Valve is fully closed, stops heating.

After wireless switching sends out open signal, 13 feet of IC2 (VD5027) export high level, make IC3 by R4 (3.9K) 2 feet of (74HC08) are high level, if at this moment room temperature is less than 16 DEG C, low temperature point control sensor emission signal is decoded, 13 feet of IC1 export high level, this high level makes 1 foot of IC3 (74HC08) be high level through R2 (3.9K), due to or door it is former Reason, IC3 (74HC08) output pin 3 are high level, so that Q (S8050) is connected by R5 (1K), electric two-way valve control line yellow line connects + 5V, valve wide open start to heat.

When for being warmed to room temperature higher than 25 DEG C, high temperature dot control sensor emission signal, decoded, 13 feet of IC1 are defeated Go out low level, this low level through R2 (3.9K) make IC3 (74HC08) 1 foot be low level, due to or door principle, IC3 (74HC08) output pin 3 is low level, so that Q (S8050) is ended by R5 (1K), electric two-way valve control line yellow line disconnects, valve Door is fully closed, stops heating.

The above logical relation complies fully with Energy Saving Control principle of the present invention.

Further, the electric two-way valve is made of driver and valve body two parts, and driver is by a synchronous motor Driving, has spring reset and manual valve opening lever control function.

Electric two-way valve operation principle is that driver is driven by reversible syncmotor, and carrying magnetic clutch.Utilize motor By magnetic action caused by motor rotor and clutch, stable torsion can be generated in the case of pause.So working as horse Up to equipped with electric current by when can steadily be parked on any point, when valve wide open or it is fully closed when magnet clutch detach, stop adjust Section.Driver incrementally or proportion expression controller institute sender number can make motor up time rotate or the inverse time rotation.

Advantage is as follows：

1, gear structure, dependable performance

2, service life is long, on-off times 100,000 times or more

3, electric limiting and mechanical position limitation integrated design, accurate positioning, consistency is very high, prevent actuator even turn can Energy

4, actuator and valve can be assembled with multi-angle, the convenient distribution requirements for space

5, ball valve uses floating sealing structure, no water clock to be suitable for the occasion of weight dirt and long-term attonity.

Further, described solar powered and accumulation power supply power-supply system is filled by solar energy power generating plate, simply Circuit and super capacitor composition, photovoltaic generation are the photovoltaic effects using interface and are directly translated into luminous energy A kind of technology of electric energy.The key element of this technology is solar cell, because the voltage of single solar cell generally compares It is low, so their series and parallels will usually be constituted solar panel with practical value, as an applying unit.

The solar components are placed on unobstructed place, so that it may to generate electricity by external light source, supply this passive and wireless temperature spot Control the sensor energy.

Ultracapacitor (super-capacitor), also known as double layer capacitor (electrical double- Layer capacitor, abbreviation EDLC), gold capacitance or farad capacitor, be by polarized electrolytic matter come energy storage.Its energy storage Process does not chemically react, and this thermal energy storage process is reversible.Just because of this, super capacitor just can charge and discharge repeatedly Electricity.It can be considered as the two unresponsive active porous electrode plates to suspend in the electrolyte, be powered up on pole plate, anode Plate attract electrolyte in anion, negative plate attract cation, to formed two capacitive accumulation layers, be separated just from Son is near negative plate, and anion is near positive plate.But it is different from traditional capacitor.The area of traditional capacitor is The platen area of conductor, in order to obtain larger capacity, conductor material volume is made very long, is increased sometimes with special institutional framework Add its surface area.Traditional capacitor is that its two-plate is detached with insulating materials simultaneously, generally plastic film, paper etc., this A little materials usually require that thin as far as possible.And the area of ultracapacitor is to be based on porous carbon materials, the porous structure of the material Allow its area to reach 2000m2/g, the surface area of bigger can be realized by some measures.What the separation of charge of ultracapacitor was opened Distance is determined by the electrolyte ion size for being attracted to charged electrode.The distance is than traditional capacitor thin-film material institute energy Realize apart from smaller.This huge surface area is along with very small separation of charge distance so that ultracapacitor is more traditional There is surprising static capacity for capacitor, this is also where it is " super ".

In principle, super capacitor can be regarded as a rechargeable battery by people.It can be stored with its capacity at just The charge of ratio, and discharge charge when requiring electric discharge.The maximum difference of super capacitor and electrolytic capacitor is its electric double-layer framework, It can realize higher capacity.

The present invention is because load is different, the used difference solar energy photovoltaic panel of generated energy and the super electricity of different capabilities Hold, there are following two power source designs：

The first power source design uses 6V60ma multicrystalline solar cells components, technical parameter as follows：

Appearance and size：68mm X 38mm

Crest voltage：6V

Peak point current：60ma

Super capacitor is that two concatenated 100F2.7V super capacitors form C (50F5.4V).

Second of power-supply system with the first by solar energy power generating plate, simple charging circuit and super capacitor group At, only parameter changes, solar energy power generating plate using two groups of 6V60ma multicrystalline solar cells modules in parallel and At technical parameter is as follows：

Appearance and size：68mm X 78mm

Crest voltage：12V

Peak point current：120ma

Super capacitor is that two concatenated 2200F2.7V super capacitors form super capacitor group C (1100F5.4V).

When Fig. 9 operation principles are turned on light for day or night, solar components power generation passes through diode D (1N4001), the electricity It a part of can power (+5V) for passive system, remaining electric energy charges to super capacitor C, stores；When night is very dark, Super capacitor C electric discharges, provide+5V power supplys, at this moment diode D (1N4001) reversely ends, and avoids super capacitor for passive system Electricity pours in down a chimney to solar components.

Further, the benefit of the epoxy resin entirety outer package all electronic components and is drawn in passive and wireless product Foot, solder joint not ingresss of air so that this passive and wireless product reliability, stability and inoxidizability greatly improve, to big Width improves the service life of this passive and wireless product, reduces and replaces the inconvenience generated and expense.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：

1, the temperature sensing package be installed on a heat sink of existing thermostat valve, acquisition is temperature near radiator, general to radiate Nearby temperature is all very high for device, and the other local temperature in room are low, so using the power save mode of existing thermostat valve, can cause room temperature compared with Height, energy-saving efficiency be not high.And technical solution of the present invention uses a point controlling temperature sensor, by same to the highest temperature, lowest temperature room When measure and control, between so that room temperature is maintained 16 DEG C to 24 DEG C of national regulation always, obtain best energy-saving efficiency.

2, technical solution of the present invention realizes heating energy using two controlling temperature sensors of high and low temperature, overcomes existing There are thermostat valve needs to be installed on each radiator, energy saving cost can be caused to increase due to large number of, reliability decrease Disadvantage.

3, when long-time room is not necessarily to heating, technical solution of the present invention opens, turning off steam, only need to be in import and export one Key operation, the existing thermostat valve of customer service need artificially to close large number of, it has not been convenient to the shortcomings that operating.

4, technical solution of the present invention uses 24 DEG C, 16 DEG C of two controlling temperature sensors, has been accurately controlled indoor temperature, It overcomes and is adjusted using analog scaling due to existing thermostat valve, user can only be with feeling, it is difficult to control the temperature in national regulation In range, the shortcomings that reaching best energy saving purpose.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is work flow diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the temperature characteristics figure of platinum resistance thermometer sensor, of the present invention and thermistor；

Fig. 3 is low-temperature signal of the present invention processing and switching circuit figure；

Fig. 4 is high temperature signal of the present invention processing and switching circuit figure；

Fig. 5 is height warm spot control-register code radio-frequency transmissions of the present invention and energy-saving circuit figure；

Fig. 6 is that wireless switching coded RF of the present invention emits and without lock-switch circuit diagram；

Fig. 7 is RF receiving circuit figure of the present invention；

Fig. 8 is present invention decoding and control module circuit diagram；

Fig. 9 is power circuit diagram of the present invention.

Specific implementation mode

In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.

Embodiment one

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is work flow diagram of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a kind of intelligent energy-saving devices for central heating, which is characterized in that including communicating connection Low high warm spot control sensor, wireless switching and wireless receiving and control system；

The low high warm spot control sensor includes temperature acquisition sensor, the collected letter of temperature acquisition sensor Number signal is passed to coded RF radiating circuit by low high temperature signal processing and switching circuit further passes to signal Wireless receiving and control system；

The low high warm spot control sensor is powered by solar powered and accumulation power supply, the low high warm spot control sensing Device is connected to solar powered and accumulation power supply by energy-saving circuit；

The wireless switching includes no lock-switch, the no lock-switch by coded RF radiating circuit and wireless receiving and Control system communication connection, the wireless switching are powered by solar powered and accumulation power supply；

The wireless receiving and control system include Receiver Module, and the Receiver Module is by decoding and controlling Circuit module is connected to electric two-way valve, and the electric two-way valve further adjusts the water flow of radiator to adjust temperature.

Further, the temperature acquisition sensor uses satisfactory thermistor temperature sensor；

Thermistor is one kind of sensing element, and the resistance value of thermistor can change with the variation of temperature, with one As fixed resistance it is different, belong to one kind of variable resistance, be widely used in various electronic components.Different from resistance temperature Meter use simple metal, thermistor is made of semiconductor ceramic material, is mostly negative temperature coefficient, i.e., resistance value with temperature increase and It reduces.Temperature change can cause big resistance value to change, therefore it is most sensitive temperature sensor.Thermistor is usually limited Within the temperature range of realize higher precision, typically -90 DEG C~130 DEG C.

Thermistor is the sensitive components that exploitation is early, type is more, development is more ripe, is mainly characterized by：

1) sensitivity is higher, and 10~100 times bigger than metal of temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance or more can detect 0.01 DEG C of temperature Degree variation；

2) operating temperature range is wide, and room temperature device is suitable for -55 DEG C~315 DEG C, and high-temperature device Applicable temperature is higher than 315 DEG C, cryogenic device is suitable for -273 DEG C~55 DEG C；

3) small, the temperature in gap, cavity and biological body vessel that other thermometers are unable to measure can be measured；

4) easy to use, resistance value can arbitrarily select between 0.1~100k Ω；

5) easy processing can be mass-produced at complicated shape；

6) stability is good, overload capacity is strong.

Thermistor operation principle

Thermistor is a kind of sensor resistance, and the resistance value of thermistor changes with the variation of temperature, and general Fixed resistance it is different.The resistance value of metal increases with the raising of temperature, but thermistor is then on the contrary, its resistance value is with temperature The raising of degree and strongly reduce, and present non-linear, be illustrated in fig. 2 shown below.

As seen from the figure, when temperature change is identical, the change in resistance of thermal resistor is about 10 times of platinum resistance thermometer sensor, therefore It can be said that thermal resistor is especially sensitive to the variation of temperature.This temperature characterisitic of thermistor is because semiconductor is led Electric mode is carrier (electronics, hole) conduction.Since the number of carrier in semiconductor is few more than the free electron in metal Much, so its resistivity is very big.With the raising of temperature, conductive carrier number is participated in semiconductor to be increased, Therefore semiconductor conductivity is increased by, its resistivity also just reduces.

Thermal resistor is exactly the resistance value using semiconductor with temperature-sensitive element made of temperature significant changes this characteristics. It is certain metal oxides by made of different formulas.Within the scope of certain temperature, hindered according to thermistor is measured The variation of value can know the temperature change of measured medium.

Thermistor (temperature) sensor general structure as measuring temperature is simpler, and price is less expensive.Without outside protective layer Thermistor can be only applied to dry place；The thermistor of sealing is not afraid of the erosion of moisture, can be used relatively severe In the environment of.Since the resistance value of thermistor (temperature) sensor is larger, therefore the resistance of its connecting wire and contact resistance can be ignored, because This thermistor (temperature) sensor can be applied in the telemeasurement temperature up to several kms, and measuring circuit mostly uses bridge.Profit It is also used as other thermometrics, temperature-adjusting circuit etc. with its principle.

Thermistor model used by this temperature acquisition sensor is NTC-MF52-103-3435, the resistance at 25 DEG C Value is 10k Ω, and the resistance value at 25 DEG C is 4k Ω, and every 1 DEG C of temperature changes the resistance variations for causing 500 Ω.So 10 Ω's Lead resistance only causes insignificant 0.02 DEG C of error.

Further, the low high temperature signal processing and switching circuit use the time-base integrated circuit encapsulated with CMOS ICM7555IBAZ is the steady-state circuit of core；

7555 be widely used a kind of medium scale integration (MSI) in electronic engineering field, it will simulate skilful with logic function It combines wonderfully, there is simple in structure, wide using voltage range, operating rate is fast, timing accuracy is high, driving capability is strong etc. Advantage.

7555 function is mainly determined by two comparators.The output voltage control rest-set flip-flop of two comparators and electric discharge The state of pipe.Voltage, when 5 feet are hanging, the then voltage of the in-phase input end of voltage comparator C1 are added between power supply and ground Voltage for 2Vcc/3, the inverting input of C2 is Vcc/3.If the voltage for triggering input terminal TR is less than Vcc/3, comparator C2 Output be 0, rest-set flip-flop can be made to set 1, make output end OUT=1.If the voltage of threshold value input TH is more than 2Vcc/3, together When the ends TR voltage be more than Vcc/3, then the output that the output of C1 be 0, C2 is 1, can set to 0 rest-set flip-flop, makes output for low electricity It is flat.

Its each pin function is as follows：

1 foot：It is grounded under normal circumstances.

2 feet：Low triggering end TR.

3 feet：Output end vo ut

4 feet：It is direct clear terminal.When this termination low level, then time base circuit does not work, no matter what TR, TH be at this time Level, time base circuit output is " 0 ", which should connect high level when not used.

5 feet：VC voltage ends in order to control.If this end external voltage, the reference voltage of internal two comparators can be changed, when The end when not used, should be sealed in a 0.01 μ F capacity earth by the end, be interfered to prevent introducing.

6 feet：High-triggering end TH.

7 feet：Discharge end.The end is connected with electric discharge pipe collector, the electric discharge of capacitance when being used as timer.

8 feet：External power supply Vcc, ranging from 3~18V of CMOS type time base circuit Vcc.Generally use 5V.It is grounded in 1 foot, 5 The non-external voltage of foot, in the case of two comparator A1, A2 reference voltages are respectively low level, the menu of 7555 time base circuits As shown in table 1 below.

Clear terminal	High-triggering end TH	Low triggering end TR	v0	Discharge tube T (V)	Function
						0	×	×	0	Conducting	Directly reset
1	0	1	X	Keep laststate	Keep laststate
						1	1	0	1	Cut-off	Set 1
1	0	0	1	Cut-off	Set 1
						1	1	1	0	Conducting	It resets

Table 1：The menu of 7555 timers

Lower Fig. 3 is low-temperature signal processing and switching circuit：

Fig. 3 principles are as follows：

When periphery measure temperature be less than 16 DEG C when, the thermistor Rt1 resistance values of negative temperature coefficient become larger, VR1, Rt1, In the bleeder circuit of R1 compositions, since Rt1 resistance values become larger, VR1 is adjusted, the resistance value that VR1 adds Rt1 is made to be more than twice of R1 resistance values, The 2 foot current potentials of 7555 time-base integrated circuit IC1 are less than 1/3 (about 1.7V) of Vcc voltage, and 3 feet of IC1 export high level, Vout For high voltage, gives the coded RF circuit that VD5026 is core and power, send temperature and cross low spot control signal.It is measured when periphery When temperature is higher than 16 DEG C, thermistor Rt1 resistance values become smaller, in the bleeder circuit of VR1, Rt1, R1 composition, since Rt1 resistance values become Small, VR adds the resistance value of Rt1 less than twice of R1 resistance values, and the 2 foot current potentials of 7555 time-base integrated circuit IC1 are higher than the 1/3 of Vcc voltage 3 feet of (about 1.7V), IC1 export low level, and Vout is low-voltage, and coded RF down circuitry stops transmission temperature and crosses low spot Control signal.

Lower Fig. 4 is high temperature signal processing and switching circuit：Principle is as follows：

When periphery measure temperature be higher than 24 DEG C when, the thermistor Rt2 resistance values of negative temperature coefficient become smaller, VR2, R3, In the bleeder circuit of Rt2 compositions, since Rt2 resistance values become smaller, VR2 is adjusted, the resistance value that VR2 adds R3 is made to be more than twice of Rt2 resistance values, The 2 foot current potentials of 7555 time-base integrated circuit IC2 are less than 1/3 (about 1.7V) of Vcc voltage, and 3 feet of IC2 export high level, Vout For high voltage, gives the coded RF circuit that VD5026 is core and power, send temperature and cross high point control signal.It is measured when periphery When temperature is less than 24 DEG C, thermistor Rt2 resistance values become larger, in the bleeder circuit of VR2, R3, Rt2 composition, since Rt2 resistance values become Greatly, VR2 adds the resistance value of R3 less than twice of Rt2 resistance values, and the 2 foot current potentials of 7555 time-base integrated circuit IC2 are higher than the 1/ of Vcc voltage 3 feet of 3 (about 1.7V), IC2 export low level, and Vout is low-voltage, and coded RF down circuitry stops transmission temperature and crosses high point Control signal.

Further, the coded RF radiating circuit is by chip VD5026 and S9018 with address, data encoding function Crystal oscillator radio circuit forms, height warm spot control-register code radio-frequency transmissions and the following Fig. 5 of energy-saving circuit figure, wireless switching coded RF hair It penetrates and without the following Fig. 6 of lock-switch circuit diagram：

Coded integrated circuits IC (VD5026) is CMOS large-scale digital ics, its 1st~8 foot is the defeated of coding Enter end, each input terminal can have three state, i.e. " 0 ", " 1 " or " open circuit ", wherein " 0 " is expressed as low level, " 1 " is expressed as High level, therefore 8 feet can form 38 powers, 6561 different codings.If necessary to more codings, can will input End is changed to 4 state connection types, and at this moment the 1st foot is the commonly connected foot of the 4th kind of state, when the foot of the 2nd foot~the 8th is connect with the 1st foot For the 4th kind of state.So the 2nd foot~the 8th foot can have 4 kinds of states, i.e. " 0 ", " 1 ", " open circuit ", " connecing 1 foot ".In this feelings 47 powers, 16384 codings can be formed under condition.The foot of 10th foot~the 13rd also can be used as coded address line, with the 1st~the 8th Foot is joined together 12 coded address lines of composition, and at this moment coded number may be up to 411=4194304, and the 10th~the of VD5026 the 13 feet are used as Data In-Line, these feet as needed can be with reset or set.14th foot is firing order end, when this foot When ground connection, VD5026 output ends then send out one group of coded pulse.15th foot, the 16th foot are a built-in oscillators, external tens Oscillation can be generated to hundreds of kilo-ohms of resistance, and frequency of oscillation is fosc=1600/R (KHz), and R is outer connecting resistance, unit in formula For kilo-ohm.17th foot is coding output end, and the 18th foot, the 9th foot are the positive and negative electrode of power supply respectively.

VD5026 property lists are as follows：

Characteristic	Symbol	Minimum value	Representative value	Maximum value	Unit
						Operating voltage	VDD	2	5	6	V
Quiescent current	Istb	-	1	10	Ua
						Flow out electric current	IoH	-2.0	-	-	mA
Inflow current	IoL	2.0	-	-	mA
						Input current	Iin	-	-	25	uA

The coded integrated circuits operating voltage range is wider, can be worked normally within the scope of 2~6V, and power pole Small, quiescent current only has 1uA.IC interior contains oscillating circuit, does not have to additional crystal oscillator again.Its peripheral circuit is also very simple It is single.

Fig. 5 circuit diagram operation principles are as follows：

Energy-saving circuit

In Fig. 5 when Vout is high level, since C1 (100 μ/16V) both end voltage can not be mutated, the entire voltages of Vout add It on R1 (1M), that is, acts on coding and radio frequency transmitter circuitry, coded RF radiating circuit emits temperature signal, with C1 (100 μ/16V) are charged by R1 (1M), and voltage is gradually got higher until meeting Vout, R1 (1M) both end voltages are acted on close to zero For voltage on coded RF radiating circuit close to zero, coded RF radiating circuit stops transmitting temperature signal, saves electric energy.

Coded RF radiating circuit

3 foot output voltage Vout of time base circuit 7555 supply electricity to IC (VD5026) through C1, R1 and strength emits electricity Road is core composition data, encoder by VD5026, and the 1-8 feet of VD5026 are address end, by it is hanging, connect anode, ground connection group At different address, but coded excitation must be identical with the address for receiving decoding apparatus, and 9,10,11,12,14 feet of VD5026 connect Ground, in low temperature point control sensor, 13 feet of VD5026 meet+5V, and in high temperature dot control sensor, 13 feet of VD5026 are grounded, Indirect R2 (100K) oscillation resistance of 15 and 16 feet, 18 feet connect positive pole, and 17 feet pass through resistance as pulse signal output end R3 (47K), R4 (10K) partial pressure are modulated at Q1 (S9018), 315MHz crystal oscillators, L1 (2.5T), C2 (10P), C3 (6.8P), C4 On the 315MHz radio-frequency oscillators of (2.2P) and R5 (100 Ω) composition, modulated radiofrequency signal passes through antenna ANT through C5 (1P) Launch, completes the external transmission of height warm spot control signal.

Fig. 6 circuit diagram operation principles are as follows：

Without lock-switch

The technical program, without lock-switch, when exactly pressing, is had two groups of contacts to be respectively turned on, unclamped using double group push types When, it automatically resets, two groups of switches are each turned off；

Coded RF radiating circuit

When indoor occupant is outgoing for a long time needs turning off steam, is clicked before going out and turns off the switch (no lock-switch K2), One group of switch connection power supply of the K2 ,+5V electricity supply IC (VD5026) and strength radiating circuit of power unit, by IC (VD5026) be core composition data, encoder, the 1-8 feet of VD5026 are address end, by it is hanging, connect anode, ground connection forms Different address, but passive switch must be identical with dumb address, 9,10,11,12, the 14 feet ground connection of VD5026, and 13 feet are logical Another group of switch ground connection in no lock-switch K2 is crossed, indirect R16 (100K) oscillation resistance of 15 and 16 feet of VD5026,18 feet connect Positive pole, 17 feet as pulse signal output end by resistance R3 (47K), R4 (10K) partial pressure be modulated at Q (S9018), The 315MHz radio-frequency oscillators of 315MHz crystal oscillators, L (2.5T), C3 (2.2P), C2 (6.8P), C1 (10P) and R5 (100 Ω) compositions On, shutdown signal is transmitted to receiving portion by modulated radiofrequency signal through C4 (1P) by antenna ANT, since K2 opens for no lock It closes, in situ, entire down circuitry, to save electric energy is returned after trip switch.

When indoor occupant needs to open heating back, switch (no lock-switch K1) is connected into pressing behind the door, one group of K1 Switch connection the power supply ,+5V electricity supply IC (VD5026) and strength radiating circuit of power unit are core by IC (VD5026) Heart composition data, encoder, the 1-8 feet of VD5026 are address end, by it is hanging, connect anode, ground connection composition different address, but nothing Source switch must be identical with dumb address, and 9,10,11,12, the 14 feet ground connection of VD5026,13 feet pass through in no lock-switch K1 Another group of switch connect indirect R1 (100K) oscillation resistances of the feet of+5V, 15 and 16,18 feet connect positive pole, and 17 feet are as pulse Signal output end is modulated at Q (S9018), 315MHz crystal oscillators, L (2.5T), C3 by resistance R3 (47K), R4 (10K) partial pressure On the 315MHz radio-frequency oscillators of (2.2P), C2 (6.8P), C1 (10P) and R5 (100 Ω) compositions, modulated radiofrequency signal warp Open signal is transmitted to receiving portion by C4 (1P) by antenna ANT, since K1 is no lock-switch, is returned after trip switch former Position, entire down circuitry, to save electric energy.

Further, the radio frequency reception is by high-frequency amplifier circuit, superregenerative demodulator circuit and dual operational amplifier LM358 Composition, circuit diagram See Figure 7：

LM358 is dual operational amplifier.Inside includes that there are two the operations that independent, high-gain, internal frequency compensate to put Big device is suitable for the very wide single supply of supply voltage range and uses, dual power supply operating mode is also applied for, in the work item of recommendation Under part, source current is unrelated with supply voltage.Its use scope includes sensor amplifier, DC current gain module and other are all The occasion using operational amplifier that can be powered with single supply.

Fig. 7 circuit operation principles are as follows：

The radiofrequency signal of passive switch or the band coding of height warm spot control transmitting is received by ANT antennas, is selected through L1, C2 resonance High-frequency signal is sent to the high-frequency amplifier amplification being made of Q1, R1, R2, R3, C1 after frequency, and amplified high-frequency signal is sent to through C4 The ultra-audio circuit demodulation being made of Q2, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, L2, L3, R4, R5, R6, R7, the coded modulation letter after demodulation Number through R8, C10, R9, C11 composition connection in series-parallel filter filtering after, be sent to the input terminal 5 of IC1 (dual operational amplifier LM358) Foot, after the two-stage calculation amplifier amplification of IC1, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, C12 composition, by IC1, (double operations are put Big device LM358) 1 foot exports coding signal.

Further, the decoding and control circuit are by two groups of chip VD5027 and four with address, data decoding function It is formed with door CMOS chip 74HC08, circuit diagram See Figure 8：

VD5027 is that the CMOS large scale digitals decoding integrated circuit coded integrated circuits operating voltage range is wider, can be with It is worked normally within the scope of 2~6V, and power consumption is minimum, quiescent current only has 1uA.IC interior contains oscillating circuit, Without additional crystal oscillator again.Its peripheral circuit is also very simple.

VD5026 property lists are as follows：

Characteristic	Symbol	Minimum value	Representative value	Maximum value	Unit
						Operating voltage	VDD	2	5	6	V
Quiescent current	Istb	-	1	10	Ua
						Flow out electric current	IoH	-2.0	-	-	mA
Inflow current	IoL	2.0	-	-	mA
						Input current	Iin	-	-	25	uA

Four SN74HC08D produced using Texas Instrument with door IC (4 tunnels 2 input, positive logic, with door)

SN74HC08D model identifications and major parameter：

Fig. 8 operation principles be 1 feet of dual operational amplifier IC1 (LM358) output encoded signal through IC2, IC3, (CMOS is big Scale digital decoding integrated circuit VD5027) the input of 14 feet, VD5027 Rcv decoders have corresponding to 12 of VD5026 letters Breath.The foot of 1st foot~the 8th is address wire.When the address coding that VD5026 is sent out is identical as the coding that VD5027 is preset, it is decoded into Work(, the control signal latch of VD5026 on the 10-13 pins of VD5027.For controlling external circuit.Simultaneously the 17th A positive pulse is exported on foot, also be can be used as external control and is used.Wherein, VD5027 decoder datas output end 10-13 feet, when When having data output, this data is just kept until the power remove of receiving portion, without being controlled by transmitter, that is, It says, VD5027 data output ends have the function of that memory is kept.And VD5027 the 17th foot " bus " output end, when VD5026, When two machine address codes of VD5027 are identical, when correct decoding, the output of the 17th foot switchs to high level.And when transmitter does not emit signal When, the 17th foot current potentials of VD5027 return to low level by height, without memory function.15th foot, the 16th foot are oscillators, outer connecting resistance Value should be identical with VD5026.

Height warm spot control-register code IC (VD5026) is identical as IC1 (VD5027) address codings, is there is low temperature or high temperature dot control When signal is sent, 13 feet of IC1 (VD5027) export decoded open signal (high level) and shutdown signal (low electricity respectively It is flat), this signal is added in by R2 (3.9K) on the 1 foot input terminal of IC3 (74HC08).

Wireless switching coding IC (VD5026) is identical as IC2 (VD5027) address codings, is being opened or closed signal hair When sending, 13 feet of IC2 (VD5027) export decoded open signal (high level) and shutdown signal (low level) respectively, this letter Number by R4 (3.9K) be added on the 2 foot input terminals of IC3.

Control circuit is made of IC3 (74HC08), R5 (1K), Q (S8050), and logical relation is as follows：

After wireless switching sends out shutdown signal, 13 feet of IC2 (VD5027) export low level, make IC3 by R4 (3.9K) 2 feet of (74HC08) be low level, due to or door principle, it is low, IC3 that at this moment no matter the 1 foot level of IC3 (74HC08), which is height, (74HC08) output pin 3 is all low level, so that Q (S8050) is ended by R5 (1K), and electric two-way valve control line yellow line disconnects, Valve is fully closed, stops heating.

After wireless switching sends out open signal, 13 feet of IC2 (VD5027) export high level, make IC3 by R4 (3.9K) 2 feet of (74HC08) are high level, if at this moment room temperature is less than 16 DEG C, low temperature point control sensor emission signal is decoded, 13 feet of IC1 export high level, this high level makes 1 foot of IC3 (74HC08) be high level through R2 (3.9K), due to or door it is former Reason, IC3 (74HC08) output pin 3 are high level, so that Q (S8050) is connected by R5 (1K), electric two-way valve control line yellow line connects + 5V, valve wide open start to heat.

When for being warmed to room temperature higher than 25 DEG C, high temperature dot control sensor emission signal, decoded, 13 feet of IC1 are defeated Go out low level, this low level through R2 (3.9K) make IC3 (74HC08) 1 foot be low level, due to or door principle, IC3 (74HC08) output pin 3 is low level, so that Q (S8050) is ended by R5 (1K), electric two-way valve control line yellow line disconnects, valve Door is fully closed, stops heating.

The above logical relation complies fully with Energy Saving Control principle of the present invention.

Further, the electric two-way valve is made of driver and valve body two parts, and driver is by a synchronous motor Driving, has spring reset and manual valve opening lever control function.

Electric two-way valve operation principle is that driver is driven by reversible syncmotor, and carrying magnetic clutch.Utilize motor By magnetic action caused by motor rotor and clutch, stable torsion can be generated in the case of pause.So working as horse Up to equipped with electric current by when can steadily be parked on any point, when valve wide open or it is fully closed when magnet clutch detach, stop adjust Section.Driver incrementally or proportion expression controller institute sender number can make motor up time rotate or the inverse time rotation.

Advantage is as follows：

1, gear structure, dependable performance

2, service life is long, on-off times 100,000 times or more

3, electric limiting and mechanical position limitation integrated design, accurate positioning, consistency is very high, prevent actuator even turn can Energy

4, actuator and valve can be assembled with multi-angle, the convenient distribution requirements for space

5, ball valve uses floating sealing structure, no water clock to be suitable for the occasion of weight dirt and long-term attonity.

Further, described solar powered and accumulation power supply power-supply system is filled by solar energy power generating plate, simply Circuit and super capacitor composition, photovoltaic generation are the photovoltaic effects using interface and are directly translated into luminous energy A kind of technology of electric energy.The key element of this technology is solar cell, because the voltage of single solar cell generally compares It is low, so their series and parallels will usually be constituted solar panel with practical value, as an applying unit.

The solar components are placed on unobstructed place, so that it may to generate electricity by external light source, supply this passive and wireless temperature spot Control the sensor energy.

Ultracapacitor (super-capacitor), also known as double layer capacitor (electrical double- Layer capacitor, abbreviation EDLC), gold capacitance or farad capacitor, be by polarized electrolytic matter come energy storage.Its energy storage Process does not chemically react, and this thermal energy storage process is reversible.Just because of this, super capacitor just can charge and discharge repeatedly Electricity.It can be considered as the two unresponsive active porous electrode plates to suspend in the electrolyte, be powered up on pole plate, anode Plate attract electrolyte in anion, negative plate attract cation, to formed two capacitive accumulation layers, be separated just from Son is near negative plate, and anion is near positive plate.But it is different from traditional capacitor.The area of traditional capacitor is The platen area of conductor, in order to obtain larger capacity, conductor material volume is made very long, is increased sometimes with special institutional framework Add its surface area.Traditional capacitor is that its two-plate is detached with insulating materials simultaneously, generally plastic film, paper etc., this A little materials usually require that thin as far as possible.And the area of ultracapacitor is to be based on porous carbon materials, the porous structure of the material Allow its area to reach 2000m2/g, the surface area of bigger can be realized by some measures.What the separation of charge of ultracapacitor was opened Distance is determined by the electrolyte ion size for being attracted to charged electrode.The distance is than traditional capacitor thin-film material institute energy Realize apart from smaller.This huge surface area is along with very small separation of charge distance so that ultracapacitor is more traditional There is surprising static capacity for capacitor, this is also where it is " super ".

In principle, super capacitor can be regarded as a rechargeable battery by people.It can be stored with its capacity at just The charge of ratio, and discharge charge when requiring electric discharge.The maximum difference of super capacitor and electrolytic capacitor is its electric double-layer framework, It can realize higher capacity.

The present invention is because load is different, the used difference solar energy photovoltaic panel of generated energy and the super electricity of different capabilities Hold, there are following two power source designs：

The first power source design uses 6V60ma multicrystalline solar cells components, technical parameter as follows：

Appearance and size：68mm X 38mm

Crest voltage：6V

Peak point current：60ma

Super capacitor is that two concatenated 100F2.7V super capacitors form C (50F5.4V).

Second of power-supply system with the first by solar energy power generating plate, simple charging circuit and super capacitor group At, only parameter changes, solar energy power generating plate using two groups of 6V60ma multicrystalline solar cells modules in parallel and At technical parameter is as follows：

Appearance and size：68mm X 78mm

Crest voltage：12V

Peak point current：120ma

Super capacitor is that two concatenated 2200F2.7V super capacitors form super capacitor group C (1100F5.4V).

When Fig. 9 operation principles are turned on light for day or night, solar components power generation passes through diode D (1N4001), the electricity It a part of can power (+5V) for passive system, remaining electric energy charges to super capacitor C, stores；When night is very dark, Super capacitor C electric discharges, provide+5V power supplys, at this moment diode D (1N4001) reversely ends, and avoids super capacitor for passive system Electricity pours in down a chimney to solar components.

Further, the benefit of the epoxy resin entirety outer package all electronic components and is drawn in passive and wireless product Foot, solder joint not ingresss of air so that this passive and wireless product reliability, stability and inoxidizability greatly improve, to big Width improves the service life of this passive and wireless product, reduces and replaces the inconvenience generated and expense.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of intelligent energy-saving device for central heating, which is characterized in that the low high warm spot control including communicating connection Sensor, wireless switching and wireless receiving and control system；

The low high warm spot control sensor includes temperature acquisition sensor, and the collected signal of temperature acquisition sensor is logical Signal is passed to coded RF radiating circuit and further passes to signal wirelessly by too low/high temperature signal processing and switching circuit Reception and control system；

The low high warm spot control sensor is powered by solar powered and accumulation power supply, the low high warm spot control sensor and Solar powered and accumulation power supply is connected to by energy-saving circuit；

The wireless switching includes no lock-switch, and the no lock-switch passes through coded RF radiating circuit and wireless receiving and control System communication is connected to, and the wireless switching is powered by solar powered and accumulation power supply；

The wireless receiving and control system include Receiver Module, and the Receiver Module passes through decoding and control circuit Module is connected to electric two-way valve, and the electric two-way valve further adjusts the water flow of radiator to adjust temperature.

2. a kind of intelligent energy-saving device for central heating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described wirelessly to connect It receives and control system is powered by solar powered and redundant electrical power.

3. a kind of intelligent energy-saving device for central heating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The low high Warm spot control sensor, wireless switching and wireless receiving and control system do whole outer package by epoxy resin.