CN108756950A - One kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance and construction method - Google Patents
One kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108756950A CN108756950A CN201810718388.7A CN201810718388A CN108756950A CN 108756950 A CN108756950 A CN 108756950A CN 201810718388 A CN201810718388 A CN 201810718388A CN 108756950 A CN108756950 A CN 108756950A
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- column casing
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/22—Clamps or other yieldable means for interconnecting adjacent arch members either rigidly, or allowing arch member parts to slide when subjected to excessive pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance and construction method, and structure includes pull rod, anchor pole, anchor cable and concrete spray coating between the mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance, frame.Construction technology is：Tunnel is excavated according to tunnel design requirement first, uniformly sprays 50-100mm thickness concrete spray coatings in drift section, roadway surrounding rock is reinforced using anchor pole rope method for protecting support；Then pull rod between the mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance and frame is installed；30-50mm thickness concrete spray coatings are finally sprayed again, constitute the coupling supporting structure based on the mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance.The supporting construction has the characteristics that self-bearing capacity strong, good integrity, excellent etc. with the adaptive of country rock compatible deformation, effect, and corresponding construction method is simple, efficient, has remarkable result and application value for country rock of soft rock roadway control.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to Support Technology in Soft Rock Roadway field, more particularly to a kind of for the big of underground mining or rock engineering
Deform soft rock roadway support based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance and construction method.
Background technology
With China's superficial part coal resources increasingly depleted, coal mining is gradually extended to deep with 10-12m speed every year,
Deep tunnel shows as the feature of soft-rock tunnel more, and the support issues of soft-rock tunnel become the safe and efficient production of puzzlement coal enterprise
A great problem.
Currently, be directed to soft-rock tunnel, the support technology mainly used has Shotcrete Rockbolt Support Technique, bolt-mesh-spurting supporting technology, pre-
Stress cable bolting technology, shaped steel frame canopy support technology, pressure relief support technology, armored concrete support technology, stone cornering arch branch
Shield technology etc..In these support technologies, the active supports such as anchor pole can only act on broken rock zone and plastic zone, it is difficult to play
Suspend the effect of carrying in midair；The passive protectings cost such as shaped steel frame canopy is higher, and for input-output than unreasonable, stability is poor, speed of application
Slowly.Flexible supporting structure supporting intensity is small, cannot effectively control tunnel continuous deformation；Rigid protection structural support range is small, difficult
To form integral rigidity supporting.
It is anxious during Support Technology in Soft Rock Roadway result of study shows that underground coal mine is controlled and administered to soft-rock tunnel
A kind of Support Resistance that high intensity is provided soft-rock tunnel is needed, easy for construction, supporting range is big, can effectively control soft-rock tunnel and enclose
Rock is deformed and is destroyed, and the preferable supporting construction of globality.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：For the above-mentioned prior art, it proposes a kind of based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting knot of high constant-resistance
Structure and construction method, while soft-rock tunnel active support and passive protecting being provided, soft-rock tunnel can be made fully to discharge country rock change
Shape energy, and enough support force control deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel are provided.
Technical solution：One kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, including several high constant-resistance machineries
Pull rod between formula support unit and frame；The mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance includes two arc-shaped columns of arrangement symmetrical above and below
Cylinder and two arc-shaped masts symmetrically arranged on the left and the right；The column casing tip inside be inverted conical face, the two of the mast
End is socketed bearing bead frame and stretches into the column casing end together with the bearing bead frame respectively, and the column casing and mast form head and the tail phase
Annular frame structure even；Several high mechanical support units of constant-resistance are coaxially arranged in parallel, and two neighboring support unit is logical
Pull rod is connected and fixed between crossing circumferentially symmetrical four framves.
Further, between the frame pull rod include by connecting rod and positioned at the column casing clamping collar of the connecting rod two end,
The column casing clamping collar is clamped in by bolt and nut on the outside of the column casing, and is located at the mast and column casing junction.
A kind of construction method based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, includes the following steps：
Step 1：50-100mm thickness concrete spray coatings are sprayed in drift section；
Step 2：Anchor pole and anchor cable are radially uniformly squeezed into inside to roadway surrounding rock；The anchor pole is high-strength prestressed anchor
Bar, a diameter of 20-25mm, length 2000-2800mm, array pitch are 800 × 800mm, prestressing force 60-80kN；The anchor
Rope is high-strength prestressed anchor cable, and a diameter of 18-22mm, length 6000-9000mm, array pitch is 1000 × 1600mm, is answered in advance
Power is more than 160kN；
Step 3：The mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance is installed, specific installation steps are：The both ends of both sides mast are respectively socketed
One bearing bead frame, bearing bead frame distance post rod end head 50-100mm, two column casings are placed on roadway floor, by mast together with bearing bead
Frame is inserted into top column casing, then by the mast having connected and column casing along tunnel axial-rotation, and by lower part column casing and both sides mast
Connection.Several mechanical support units of high constant-resistance are coaxially arranged in parallel, and the spacing of two neighboring support unit is 0.8-1.6m, and
It is connected and fixed by pull rod between circumferentially symmetrical four framves；Between mounting bracket when pull rod, pull rod two side columns cylinder clamping collar between frame
In open configuration, two leaves entangle adjacent two column casing, and fishbolt is inserted into bolt hole, is used in combination binding nut to clamp, by column
Cylinder clamping collar is closed and locks；
Step 4：30-50mm thickness concrete spray coatings are sprayed again, keep concrete spray coating and the mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance abundant
Contact.
Further, respectively there are one column casing clamping collar, the column casing clamping collar is folding at pull rod both ends between the frame
Lantern ring, each folding lantern ring both sides are both provided with bolt hole, pass through the connection of fishbolt and binding nut and the bolt hole
Control the closure and opening of the column casing clamping collar with detaching, pull rod is fixed on the company of the mast and column casing between the frame
Meet place.
Further, the material identical of the concrete spray coating of step 1 and step 4, match ratio are cement:Water：Sand 1:
2:2, accelerator volume is the 2.6% of cement consumption.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantage that and having the beneficial effect that：
(1) anchor pole, anchor cable, gunite concrete structure design form flexible supporting structure early period, belong to active support scope,
With good release effect.
(2) local compression, can be transferred on entire supporting structure, make lane by the mechanical support unit circumferential direction design of high constant-resistance
Road pressure is uniformly distributed in entire support system.When being pressurized, mast enters column casing, by the steel ball in bearing bead frame to bar
Contact level progress pressure rolling is brought into contact with face and deforms to provide working resistance, forms later stage flexibility and rigid protection structure,
Belong to passive protecting scope, first allow and resist afterwards, resists and allow combination, so that surrouding rock deformation is fully discharged, support unit is effectively relieved and holds
Carry pressure.
(3) the mechanical support unit working resistance size of high constant-resistance depends on the material of bearing bead frame and steel pipe itself
Can, not by install, other extraneous factors such as environment are influenced, and the mechanical strength of column casing and mast itself can be made full use of.
To sum up, one kind provided by the invention is based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance and construction method,
Embody " after the former head by, master be combined, first it is soft after just, couple hardness with softness " support idea, soft-rock tunnel can be made fully to discharge
Surrouding rock deformation energy, and enough support force control deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel are provided.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the high mechanical support unit coupling supporting structural schematic diagram of constant-resistance in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the high mechanical support unit structural system schematic diagram of constant-resistance in embodiment；
Fig. 3 drawbar structure diagrams between frame in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is embodiment middle (center) bearing pearl frame connecting structure schematic diagram.
In figure：1 column casing；2 masts；Pull rod between 3 framves；4 initial stage concrete spray coatings；5 later stage concrete spray coatings；6 anchor poles；7 anchors
Rope；8 bearing bead framves；9 column casing clamping collars；10 fishbolts；11 binding nuts.
Specific implementation mode
Further explanation is done to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
According to following embodiments, the present invention can be better understood from.However, as it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that real
It applies specific material proportion, process conditions and its result described in example and is merely to illustrate the present invention, without that should will not limit
The present invention described in detail in claims processed.
One kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, including the mechanical support unit structure of high constant-resistance
System, the high mechanical support unit structural system of constant-resistance are made of pull rod between the mechanical support unit of several high constant-resistance and frame,
As shown in Figure 2.The high mechanical support unit of constant-resistance is by two arc-shaped column casings 1 of arrangement symmetrical above and below and symmetrical cloth
Two arc-shaped masts 2 composition set.Column casing diameter is more than mast diameter, and the tip inside of column casing 1 is inverted conical face, mast
2 both ends are socketed bearing bead frame 8 and stretch into 1 end of column casing together with bearing bead frame 8 respectively, as shown in Figure 4.2 shape of column casing 1 and mast
At end to end annular frame structure, several high mechanical support units of constant-resistance are coaxially arranged in parallel, two neighboring monomer branch
Frame is connected and fixed by pull rod 3 between circumferentially symmetrical four framves.
As shown in figure 3, respectively there are one column casing clamping collar 9, column casing clamping collar 9 is folding lantern ring at pull rod 3 both ends between frame,
Each folding lantern ring both sides are both provided with bolt hole, by fishbolt 10 and binding nut 11 and the connection of bolt hole with detach
To control the closure and opening of column casing clamping collar 9.Column casing clamping collar 9 is clamped in by fishbolt 10 and binding nut 11
On the outside of column casing, pull rod 3 is fixed on the junction of mast 2 and column casing 1 between frame.
A kind of construction method based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Tunnel is excavated according to tunnel design requirement, in drift section injection 50-100mm thickness concrete spray coating 4, envelope
Close country rock exposure, provide early period flexible support.
Step 2：Anchor pole 6 and anchor cable 7 are radially uniformly squeezed into inside to roadway surrounding rock.Anchor pole 6 is high-strength prestressed anchor
Bar, a diameter of 20-25mm, length 2000-2800mm, array pitch are 800 × 800mm, prestressing force 60-80kN；The anchor
Rope 7 is high-strength prestressed anchor cable, and a diameter of 18-22mm, length 6000-9000mm, array pitch is 1000 × 1600mm, is answered in advance
Power is more than 160kN.Country rock is fixed in the solid rock of deep by anchor pole 6 and anchor cable 7, country rock is reinforced, country rock is made fully to send out
Wave autonomous bearing capacity.
Step 3：The mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance is installed.Specifically installation steps are：The both ends of both sides mast 2 are respectively socketed
One bearing bead frame 8, bearing bead frame 8 are placed on roadway floor apart from 2 end 50-100mm of mast, two column casings 1, by mast 2 together with
Bearing bead frame 8 is inserted into top column casing 1, then by the mast 2 having connected and column casing 1 along tunnel axial-rotation certain angle, and will
Lower part column casing 1 is connect with both sides mast 2.
Several mechanical support units of high constant-resistance are coaxially arranged in parallel, and the spacing of two neighboring support unit is 0.8-
1.6m, and be connected and fixed by pull rod 3 between circumferentially symmetrical four framves.Between mounting bracket when pull rod 3,3 two side columns of pull rod between frame
Cylinder clamping collar 9 is in open configuration, and two leaves entangle adjacent two column casing 1, and fishbolt 10 is inserted into bolt hole, clamping is used in combination
Nut 11 clamps, and column casing clamping collar 9 is closed and is locked.
Step 4：Spray 30-50mm thickness concrete spray coating 5 again, makes concrete spray coating 5 be filled with the mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance
Tap is touched, and is formed soft-rock tunnel and is based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, as shown in Figure 1.
In the above process, the material identical of the concrete spray coating of step 1 and step 4, match ratio is cement:Water：Sand
1:2:2, accelerator volume is the 2.6% of cement consumption.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. one kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, it is characterised in that：Including several high constant-resistance machineries
Pull rod between formula support unit and frame；The mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance includes two arc-shaped columns of arrangement symmetrical above and below
Cylinder (1) and two arc-shaped masts (2) symmetrically arranged on the left and the right；Column casing (1) tip inside is inverted conical face, institute
The both ends for stating mast (2) are socketed bearing bead frame (8) and stretch into the column casing (1) end, institute together with the bearing bead frame (8) respectively
It states column casing (1) and mast (2) forms end to end annular frame structure；Several high mechanical support units of constant-resistance are coaxial
It is arranged in parallel, two neighboring support unit is connected and fixed by pull rod (3) between circumferentially symmetrical four framves.
2. according to claim 1 be based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, it is characterised in that：It is described
Pull rod (3) includes by connecting rod and positioned at the column casing clamping collar (9) of the connecting rod two end, the column casing clamping collar between frame
(9) it is clamped on the outside of the column casing (1) by fishbolt (10) and binding nut (11), and is located at the mast (2) and column
Cylinder (1) junction.
3. a kind of construction method based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step：
Step 1：In drift section injection 50-100mm thickness concrete spray coating (4)；
Step 2：Anchor pole (6) and anchor cable (7) are radially uniformly squeezed into inside to roadway surrounding rock；The anchor pole (6) is high-strength pre-
Stress anchor pole, a diameter of 20-25mm, length 2000-2800mm, array pitch are 800 × 800mm, prestressing force 60-80kN；
The anchor cable (7) be high-strength prestressed anchor cable, a diameter of 18-22mm, length 6000-9000mm, array pitch be 1000 ×
1600mm, prestressing force are more than 160kN；
Step 3：The mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance is installed, specific installation steps are：The respectively socket one of the both ends of both sides mast (2)
A bearing bead frame (8), bearing bead frame (8) is apart from mast (2) end 50-100mm, and two column casings (1) are placed on roadway floor, by mast
(2) it is inserted into top column casing (1) together with bearing bead frame, then by the mast having connected (2) and column casing (1) along tunnel axial-rotation
Afterwards, and by lower part column casing (1) with both sides mast (2) it connect；Several mechanical support units of high constant-resistance are coaxially arranged in parallel, adjacent
The spacing of two support units is 0.8-1.6m, and is connected and fixed by pull rod (3) between circumferentially symmetrical four framves；Mounting bracket
Between pull rod (3) when, pull rod (3) two side columns cylinder clamping collar (9) is in open configuration between frame, and two leaves entangle adjacent two column casing (1),
Fishbolt (10) is inserted into bolt hole, binding nut (11) is used in combination to clamp, column casing clamping collar (9) is closed and is locked；
Step 4：Spray 30-50mm thickness concrete spray coating (5) again, makes concrete spray coating (5) be filled with the mechanical support unit of high constant-resistance
Tap is touched.
4. the construction method according to claim 3 based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, special
Sign is that respectively there are one column casing clamping collar (9), the column casing clamping collar (9) is that folding covers at pull rod (3) both ends between the frame
Ring, each folding lantern ring both sides are both provided with bolt hole, pass through fishbolt (10) and binding nut (11) and the bolt hole
Connection the closure and opening of the column casing clamping collar (9) are controlled with detaching, pull rod (3) is fixed on the column between the frame
The junction of bar and column casing.
5. the construction method according to claim 3 based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance, special
Sign is that the material identical of the concrete spray coating of step 1 and step 4, match ratio is cement:Water：Sand 1:2:2, accelerator
Volume is the 2.6% of cement consumption.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810718388.7A CN108756950A (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2018-07-03 | One kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance and construction method |
| PCT/CN2019/082156 WO2020007088A1 (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2019-04-11 | Coupled supporting and protection structure based on high constant-resistance mechanical monolithic support, and construction method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810718388.7A CN108756950A (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2018-07-03 | One kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance and construction method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108756950A true CN108756950A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
Family
ID=63976013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810718388.7A Pending CN108756950A (en) | 2018-07-03 | 2018-07-03 | One kind being based on the mechanical support unit coupling supporting structure of high constant-resistance and construction method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108756950A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020007088A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110219676A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-10 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of controllable self-balancing mine support device of protecting against shock tunneling boring |
| WO2020007088A1 (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Coupled supporting and protection structure based on high constant-resistance mechanical monolithic support, and construction method therefor |
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- 2018-07-03 CN CN201810718388.7A patent/CN108756950A/en active Pending
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2019
- 2019-04-11 WO PCT/CN2019/082156 patent/WO2020007088A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
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| WO2020007088A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
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