CN108756732B - Circumferential impactor based on screw and spring - Google Patents
Circumferential impactor based on screw and spring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108756732B CN108756732B CN201810873452.9A CN201810873452A CN108756732B CN 108756732 B CN108756732 B CN 108756732B CN 201810873452 A CN201810873452 A CN 201810873452A CN 108756732 B CN108756732 B CN 108756732B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a circumferential impactor based on a screw and a spring, which consists of a power assembly, a universal shaft assembly, a transmission assembly and an impact assembly; the upper part of the power assembly is connected with the drill rod, the lower part of the power assembly is sequentially connected with the universal shaft assembly, the transmission assembly and the impact assembly, the power assembly drives the hammer body fixing cavity to rotate, the hammer body fixing cavity drives the impact hammer to rotate, and the impact hammer rotates to collide with the lower shell to generate impact torsional vibration. According to the invention, the impact hammer is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the hammer body fixing cavity, and can provide two torsional vibration impact actions after rotating once, and the impact hammer continuously generates periodical circumferential collision with the lower shell under the action of a spring force. The rotation and impact generated by the tool are transmitted to the drill bit through the lower shell, power is provided for the drill bit, the drill bit generates high-frequency unidirectional circumferential vibration, and therefore the phenomenon of drill sticking and sliding can be effectively avoided, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a circumferential impactor based on a screw rod and a spring, which is used in the fields of petroleum and natural gas shale gas drilling, mining, geological drilling and the like.
Background
In recent years, as the national demand for petroleum and natural gas is increasing, the exploitation of shale gas is also a current hot spot and is also a challenge. Because during the drilling process, the drilling pressure applied to the drill bit is unstable due to the fact that the driller is not timely or the driller is too fast due to driller technology and experience problems or due to the problem of well wall friction, the rock breaking efficiency is affected, and even the drilling speed is possibly affected due to the fact that the drill bit, the cutting teeth of the broken drill bit and the like are damaged due to the fact that the drilling pressure is suddenly increased. On the other hand, PDC bits often do not have enough torque to break rock when drilling hard or abrasive formations, thereby creating a stuck bit, and release of torque from the drill rod downhole results in bit failure. The rock of the deep stratum of the oil field is hard and has high grinding extremum, the conventional roller bit is used for drilling, the single bit has small footage, multiple tripping is needed, and the mechanical drilling speed is low; when the screw is used for compound drilling, the service life of the screw is low and the use effect is not ideal due to higher temperature in a deep well; meanwhile, stick-slip vibration is frequently generated in the deep well drilling process, so that the drilling tool is easy to fail due to the stick-slip vibration, and the mechanical drilling speed is reduced. In addition, the mechanical drilling speed can be improved to a greater extent by adopting the gas drilling technology, but the underground complex situation is easy to occur under the condition of stratum water outlet, and the gas drilling supporting equipment is more, so that the cost is relatively high.
Aiming at the problems, various tools are tried at home and abroad, and a certain accelerating effect is achieved, wherein the high-frequency torsional impact type tools take the dominant role of the accelerating tools. Both field experiments and theoretical researches show that the tool can add high-frequency torsional impact force to the drill bit, assist the drill bit to break rock, reduce the stick-slip phenomenon of the drill string, improve the mechanical drilling speed, reduce the drilling cost, realize greater economic benefit and better ensure the safety of drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: in order to solve the problems of failure of a drilling tool and lower mechanical drilling speed caused by sticking and sliding of a drill bit and a drill stem in the drilling process, the circumferential impactor based on the screw rod and the spring is particularly provided, so that the defects of the prior art are overcome, and the drilling speed is improved. The tool can effectively protect the drill bit, reduce cost, improve rock breaking efficiency and increase drilling efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: circumferential direction impacter based on screw rod and spring, its characterized in that: the circumferential impactor based on the screw and the spring consists of a power assembly, a universal shaft assembly, a transmission assembly and an impact assembly; the lower end of the power assembly is sequentially connected with the universal shaft assembly, the transmission assembly and the impact assembly; the power assembly comprises an upper joint, an anti-falling locking nut, a screw shell, a screw rotor and a screw stator, wherein the upper part of the upper joint is connected with a drill rod, the lower part of the upper joint is connected with the screw shell through threads, the upper end of the screw rotor is connected with the anti-falling locking nut, the screw stator is arranged inside the screw shell, the screw rotor and the screw stator are meshed with each other, and the screw rotor rotates under the driving of drilling fluid; the universal shaft assembly comprises a half coupling a, a taper pin a, a cross shaft, a cylindrical pin, a half coupling b, a taper pin b and a connecting rod, wherein the upper part of the half coupling a is connected with the screw rotor through the taper pin a, the lower part of the half coupling a is connected with the half coupling b through the cross shaft, the cylindrical pin and the pin, and the half coupling b is connected with the connecting rod through the taper pin b; the transmission assembly comprises a water cap, a universal shaft shell, a gasket a, a screw transmission shaft, a bearing moving ring, a sealing ring a, a bearing static ring, a sealing ring b, a semicircular key, a bearing shell, a serial bearing and a sealing ring c adapter, wherein the upper end of the universal shaft shell is connected with the screw shell, the lower end of the universal shaft shell is connected with the bearing shell, the upper end of the water cap is connected with the universal shaft assembly, the lower end of the water cap is connected with the screw transmission shaft, the gasket a is arranged on the water cap and the screw transmission shaft, the bearing moving ring is arranged on the screw transmission shaft through threads, the bearing static ring, the serial bearing and the adapter are sequentially arranged on the bearing shell, the bearing static ring is circumferentially fixed inside the bearing shell through the semicircular key, the sealing ring a is arranged between the bearing moving ring and the bearing static ring, the sealing ring b is arranged between the bearing static ring and the bearing shell, the sealing ring c is arranged between the screw transmission shaft and the adapter, and the bearing shell is connected with the adapter through threads; the impact assembly comprises a lower shell, a hammer body fixing cavity, a spring, a guide rod, an impact hammer, a baffle, a gasket b, a screw, a gasket c and a locking nut, wherein the lower shell is connected with the adapter through threads, the hammer body fixing cavity is connected with the screw transmission shaft through threads, the impact hammer is clamped into the hammer body fixing cavity through a rectangular through hole formed in the hammer body fixing cavity, the spring penetrates through the guide rod and is installed between the two impact hammers which are symmetrically placed, the guide rod penetrates through the through holes formed in the impact hammer of the hammer body fixing cavity, the threads formed in the two ends of the guide rod are matched with the gasket c and the locking nut, and the baffle is connected with the hammer body fixing cavity through the gasket b and the screw.
In the above-mentioned scheme, circumference impacter based on screw rod and spring, its characterized in that: the number of the sealing rings a is 6, the number of the sealing rings b is 6, the number of the sealing rings c is 3, the number of the springs is 8, the number of the guide rods is 8, the number of the impact hammers is 2, the number of the gaskets b is 3, the number of the screws is 3, the number of the gaskets c is 16, and the number of the locking nuts is 16.
In the above-mentioned scheme, circumference impacter based on screw rod and spring, its characterized in that: the impact hammer is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the hammer body fixing cavity, and can provide two torsional vibration impacts in one rotation process of the impact hammer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: (1) Impact is realized through the screw rod and the spring, and the working performance is stable and reliable; (2) The difficult problem of blockage or clamping caused by a downhole drilling tool in the drilling process is solved; (3) The tool has reasonable design and reliable performance, effectively protects the drill bit by generating circumferential impact, eliminates the phenomena of sticking and slipping of the drill bit and the drill sticking phenomenon, and improves the mechanical drilling speed; (4) The tool has strong adaptability, not only can be applied to deep vertical wells, but also can be applied to directional wells and horizontal wells by matching with directional instruments; (5) The tool has a dead point or not, and provides high-frequency torsion impact; (4) The mechanical drilling speed of the deep well hard stratum can be effectively improved by being matched with the PDC drill bit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an internal block diagram of the impact assembly of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
FIGS. 4-7 illustrate a single impact cycle of the present invention, with FIG. 4 illustrating the impact hammer not being impacted by the lower housing; FIG. 5 shows the impact hammer just contacting the two collision surfaces of the lower shell; fig. 6 is a view of the impact hammer during the collision with the lower housing; fig. 7 shows that the impact hammer is just separated from the two collision surfaces of the lower shell.
In the figure, the upper joint, 2, the anti-drop lock nut, 3, the anti-drop connecting rod, 3, the screw shell, 4, the screw stator, 5, the screw rotor, 6, the half coupling a,7, the taper pin a,8, the cross shaft, 9, the cylindrical pin, 10, the pin, 11, the half coupling b,12, the taper pin b,13, the connecting rod, 14, the water cap, 15, the universal shaft shell, 16, the gasket a,17, the screw transmission shaft, 18, the bearing moving, 19, the sealing ring a,20, the bearing static ring, 21, the sealing ring b,22, the semicircular key, 23, the bearing shell, 24, the serial bearing, 25, the sealing ring c,26, the conversion joint, 27, the lower shell, 28, the hammer fixing cavity, 29, the spring, 30, the guide pin, 31, the impact hammer, 32, the baffle, 33, the gasket b,34, the screw, 35, the gasket c,36 and the locking nut.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
referring to the drawings, a circumferential impactor based on a screw and a spring is characterized in that: the circumferential impactor based on the screw and the spring consists of a power assembly, a universal shaft assembly, a transmission assembly and an impact assembly; the lower end of the power assembly is sequentially connected with the universal shaft assembly, the transmission assembly and the impact assembly; the power assembly comprises an upper joint 1, an anti-falling lock nut 2, a screw shell 3, a screw rotor 4 and a screw stator 5, wherein the upper part of the upper joint 1 is connected with a drill rod, the lower part of the upper joint is connected with the screw shell 3 through threads, the upper end of the screw rotor 4 is connected with the anti-falling lock nut 2, the screw stator 5 is arranged in the screw shell 3, the screw rotor 4 and the screw stator 5 are meshed with each other, and the screw rotor 4 rotates under the driving of drilling fluid; the universal shaft assembly comprises a half coupling a6, a taper pin a7, a cross shaft 8, a cylindrical pin 9, a pin 10, a half coupling b11, a taper pin b12 and a connecting rod 13, wherein the upper part of the half coupling a6 is connected with the screw rotor 4 through the taper pin a7, the lower part of the half coupling a6 is connected with the half coupling b11 through the cross shaft 8, the cylindrical pin 9 and the pin 10, and the half coupling b11 is connected with the connecting rod 13 through the taper pin b 12; the transmission assembly comprises a water cap 14, a universal shaft housing 15, a gasket a16, a screw transmission shaft 17, a bearing moving coil 18, a sealing ring a19, a bearing static coil 20, a sealing ring b21, a semicircular key 22, a bearing housing 23, a serial bearing 24 and a sealing ring c25 conversion joint 26, wherein the upper end of the universal shaft housing 15 is connected with the screw housing 3, the lower end is connected with the bearing housing 23, the upper end of the water cap 14 is connected with the universal shaft assembly, the lower end is connected with the screw transmission shaft 17, the gasket a16 is arranged on the water cap 14 and the screw transmission shaft 17, the bearing moving coil 18 is arranged on the screw transmission shaft 17 through threads, the bearing static coil 20, the serial bearing 24 and the conversion joint 26 are sequentially arranged on the bearing housing 23, the bearing static coil 20 is circumferentially fixed inside the bearing housing 23 through the semicircular key 22, the sealing ring a19 is arranged between the bearing moving coil 18 and the bearing static coil 20, the sealing ring b21 is arranged between the screw transmission shaft 17 and the conversion joint 26, and the bearing housing 23 is connected with the conversion joint 26 through threads; the impact assembly comprises a lower shell 27, a hammer body fixing cavity 28, a spring (29), a guide rod 30, an impact hammer 31, a baffle 32, a gasket b33, a screw 34, a gasket c35 and a lock nut 36, wherein the lower shell 27 is connected with the adapter 26 through threads, the hammer body fixing cavity 28 is connected with the screw transmission shaft 17 through threads, the impact hammer 31 is clamped into the hammer body fixing cavity 28 through a rectangular through hole formed in the hammer body fixing cavity 28, the spring 29 penetrates through the guide rod 30 and is arranged between the two impact hammers 31 which are symmetrically arranged, the guide rod 30 penetrates through holes formed in the hammer body fixing cavity 28 and the impact hammer 31, the gasket c35 and the lock nut 36 are matched through threads formed in two ends of the guide rod, and the baffle 32 is connected with the hammer body fixing cavity 28 through the gasket b and the screw 34.
The circumferential impactor based on the screw and the spring is characterized in that: the number of the sealing rings a19 is 6, the number of the sealing rings b21 is 6, the number of the sealing rings c25 is 3, the number of the springs 29 is 8, the number of the guide rods 30 is 8, the number of the impact hammers 31 is 2, the number of the gaskets b33 is 3, the number of the bolts 34 is 6, the number of the gaskets c35 is 16, and the number of the locking nuts 36 is 16.
The circumferential impactor based on the screw and the spring is characterized in that: the impact hammer is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the hammer body fixing cavity, and can provide two torsional vibration impacts in one rotation process of the impact hammer.
During operation, high-pressure drilling fluid flows in from the upper joint 1, sequentially passes through the power assembly, the universal shaft assembly, the transmission assembly and the impact assembly, and finally flows downwards through the lower shell. When the high-pressure drilling fluid passes through the power assembly, the screw rotor 4 is driven to rotate at a high speed, the screw rotor 6 sequentially drives the screw transmission shaft 17 and the hammer body fixing cavity 28 to rotate through the universal shaft assembly, the hammer body fixing cavity 28 drives the impact hammer 31 to rotate, and the impact hammer 31 collides with the lower shell 27 when rotating, so that impact torsional vibration is generated; as shown in fig. 4 to 7, when the impact hammer 31 collides with the lower case 27, an impact torsional vibration is generated to the lower case, and at this time, the spring 29 on the guide bar 30 is compressed, and the impact hammer 31 collides with the lower case 27 by an inertial force and moves inward a small distance along the guide bar 30, thereby bypassing the convex portion on the lower case 27 and continuing the rotational movement; when the impact hammer 31 and the lower case 27 are separated, the impact hammer 31 is restored to the original state again by the spring 29, and continues to rotate to prepare for the next collision. In this way, the hammer face of the impact hammer 31 continuously collides with the lower case 27 in a periodic circumferential direction, thereby forming a high-frequency unidirectional circumferential impact. The rotation and impact generated by the tool are transmitted to the drill bit through the lower shell 27, so that the purpose of providing power for the drill bit and enabling the drill bit to generate high-frequency unidirectional circumferential vibration is achieved, further effective protection of the rotating head is achieved, and drilling efficiency is improved.
Claims (1)
1. Circumferential direction impacter based on screw rod and spring, its characterized in that: the circumferential impactor based on the screw and the spring consists of a power assembly, a universal shaft assembly, a transmission assembly and an impact assembly; the lower end of the power assembly is sequentially connected with the universal shaft assembly, the transmission assembly and the impact assembly; the power assembly comprises an upper joint (1), an anti-falling lock nut (2), a screw shell (3), a screw rotor (4) and a screw stator (5), wherein the upper part of the upper joint (1) is connected with a drill rod, the lower part of the upper joint is connected with the screw shell (3) through threads, the anti-falling lock nut (2) is connected to the upper end of the screw rotor (4), the screw stator (5) is arranged inside the screw shell (3), the screw rotor (4) and the screw stator (5) are meshed with each other, and the screw rotor (4) rotates under the driving of drilling fluid; the universal shaft assembly comprises a half coupling a (6), a taper pin a (7), a cross shaft (8), a cylindrical pin (9), a pin (10), a half coupling b (11), a taper pin b (12) and a connecting rod (13), wherein the upper part of the half coupling a (6) is connected with the screw rotor (4) through the taper pin a (7), and the lower part of the half coupling a (6) is connected with the half coupling b (11) through the cross shaft (8), the cylindrical pin (9) and the pin (10), and the half coupling b (11) is connected with the connecting rod (13) through the taper pin b (12); the transmission assembly comprises a water cap (14), a universal shaft shell (15), a gasket a (16), a screw transmission shaft (17), a bearing moving coil (18), a sealing ring a (19), a bearing static coil (20), a sealing ring b (21), a semicircular key (22), a bearing shell (23), a serial bearing (24) and a sealing ring c (25) adapter (26), wherein the upper end of the universal shaft shell (15) is connected with the screw shell (3), the lower end of the universal shaft shell is connected with the bearing shell (23), the upper end of the water cap (14) is connected with the universal shaft assembly, the lower end of the universal shaft shell is connected with the screw transmission shaft (17), the gasket a (16) is arranged on the water cap (14) and the screw transmission shaft (17), the bearing moving coil (18) is arranged on the screw transmission shaft (17) through threads, the bearing static coil (20), the serial bearing (24) and the adapter (26) are sequentially arranged on the bearing shell (23), the bearing static coil (20) is circumferentially fixed inside the bearing shell (23) through the semicircular key (22), the sealing ring a (19) is arranged between the bearing moving coil (18) and the bearing static coil (20), the sealing ring b (25) is arranged between the bearing static coil (20) and the bearing static coil (20), the sealing ring b (21) is arranged between the bearing static coil (20), the bearing shell (23) is connected with the adapter (26) through threads; the impact assembly comprises a lower shell (27), a hammer body fixing cavity (28), a spring (29), a guide rod (30), an impact hammer (31), a baffle plate (32), a gasket b (33), a screw (34), a gasket c (35) and a lock nut (36), wherein the lower shell (27) is connected with an adapter (26) through threads, the hammer body fixing cavity (28) is connected with a screw transmission shaft (17) through threads, the impact hammer (31) is clamped into the hammer body fixing cavity (28) through a rectangular through hole formed in the hammer body fixing cavity (28), the impact hammer (31) is symmetrically placed on the axis of the hammer body fixing cavity (28), the impact hammer (31) can provide two torsional vibrations in one rotation process, the impact spring (29) penetrates through the guide rod (30) and is arranged between the two impact hammers (31) which are symmetrically placed, the guide rod (30) penetrates through holes formed in the hammer body fixing cavity (28), the threads formed in two ends of the impact hammer body (31) are matched with the gasket c (35) and the lock nut (36), and the baffle plate (32) is connected with the hammer body fixing cavity (28) through the guide rod b (33) and the screw fixing cavity (28); the number of the sealing rings a (19) is 6, the number of the sealing rings b (21) is 6, the number of the sealing rings c (25) is 3, the number of the springs (29) is 8, the number of the guide rods (30) is 8, the number of the impact hammers (31) is 2, the number of the gaskets b (33) is 3, the number of the screws (34) is 3, the number of the gaskets c (35) is 16, and the number of the locking nuts (36) is 16.
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CN201810873452.9A CN108756732B (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | Circumferential impactor based on screw and spring |
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CN201810873452.9A CN108756732B (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | Circumferential impactor based on screw and spring |
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CN108756732B true CN108756732B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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CN109488204B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2023-10-10 | 长江大学 | Downhole turbine driven rotary hammering device |
CN110374495A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-10-25 | 山东陆海石油技术股份有限公司 | A kind of high frequency circumferential direction impact type spiral drilling rig structure |
CN111852322B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-11-02 | 长江大学 | Bidirectional impactor with composite impact effect |
CN112127789B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-05-17 | 长江大学 | Mechanical bidirectional composite impactor |
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