CN108752372A - 一种用于制备有机电致发光材料的化合物 - Google Patents
一种用于制备有机电致发光材料的化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108752372A CN108752372A CN201810874597.0A CN201810874597A CN108752372A CN 108752372 A CN108752372 A CN 108752372A CN 201810874597 A CN201810874597 A CN 201810874597A CN 108752372 A CN108752372 A CN 108752372A
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- reaction
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- carbazole
- bromo
- compound
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Butyllithium Substances [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 39
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Substances C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- TWLNVQNCJFIEEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].CC(C)=O Chemical compound [N].CC(C)=O TWLNVQNCJFIEEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WSDQIHATCCOMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl n-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamate Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(NC(=O)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 WSDQIHATCCOMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical group [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001376 1,2,4-triazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(N=C1)* 0.000 claims description 4
- CHEGVHQSZLZIBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromo-9-phenylcarbazole Chemical class BrC1=C(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3C2C=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)Br CHEGVHQSZLZIBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NYPYPOZNGOXYSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromopyridine Chemical group BrC1=CC=CN=C1 NYPYPOZNGOXYSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 acyl pyridine Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Cs2CO3 Substances [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DQYBDCGIPTYXML-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCOCC DQYBDCGIPTYXML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1PC1=CC=CC=C1 GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 abstract 3
- JBWRZTKHMKVFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dibromo-9-phenylcarbazole Chemical class C12=CC=C(Br)C=C2C2=CC(Br)=CC=C2N1C1=CC=CC=C1 JBWRZTKHMKVFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- GSRACRUJMDHCAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;9h-carbazole Chemical compound OB(O)O.C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 GSRACRUJMDHCAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl borate Chemical compound COB(OC)OC WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002451 electron ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- SOSPMXMEOFGPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dibromopyridine Chemical class BrC1=CN=CC(Br)=C1 SOSPMXMEOFGPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulphate Substances [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 0 C*c(cc1)cc(c2c3ccc(-[n]4c5ccccc5c5c4cccc5)c2)c1[n]3-c1ccccc1 Chemical compound C*c(cc1)cc(c2c3ccc(-[n]4c5ccccc5c5c4cccc5)c2)c1[n]3-c1ccccc1 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- WQONPSCCEXUXTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1Br WQONPSCCEXUXTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XGRJZXREYAXTGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorodiphenylphosphine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 XGRJZXREYAXTGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ABMYEXAYWZJVOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-3-ylboronic acid Chemical class OB(O)C1=CC=CN=C1 ABMYEXAYWZJVOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000000178 1,2,4-triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Inorganic materials [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) iodide Chemical compound I[Cu] LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- CINYXYWQPZSTOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3,5-bis(3-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)phenyl]phenyl]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)=C1 CINYXYWQPZSTOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-[4-[1-[4-(4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]cyclohexyl]phenyl]-n-(4-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C1(CCCCC1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVTBYIILIQLIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-O Cc1cc(NC=CC[NH3+])cnc1 Chemical compound Cc1cc(NC=CC[NH3+])cnc1 AVTBYIILIQLIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- AZOPLVSGJPXDCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cncc(C2=[N]=CC=C2)c1 Chemical compound Cc1cncc(C2=[N]=CC=C2)c1 AZOPLVSGJPXDCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002027 dichloromethane extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009878 intermolecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/025—Boronic and borinic acid compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6558—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system
- C07F9/65583—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system each of the hetero rings containing nitrogen as ring hetero atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1007—Non-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1044—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing two nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于制备有机电致发光材料的化合物,属于电致发光材料技术领域。其合成方法是:以9‑苯基‑3,6‑二溴咔唑为原料,经乌尔曼偶联得到溴代的咔唑基团,溴代的咔唑基团在‑78℃下与正丁基锂和硼酸三甲酯反应得咔唑硼酸。本发明的化合物与溴代的电子受体材料经Suzuki偶联反应,可以得到含有咔唑基团的双极性电致发光材料,通过主体材料的双吸电子基团来调控和平衡载流子的传输,从而抑制淬灭效应。本发明的化合物可用于合成电致发光主体材料,进一步地,本发明提供合成双极性电致发光材料的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电致发光材料技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种双极性有机电致发光材料。
背景技术
随着信息化技术的发展,显示技术会越发显得重要。纵观近些年来显示技术的发展,与第一代的阴极射线管(cathoderay tube,CRT)显示器和第二代的液晶显示器(liquidcrystal display,LCD)相比,有机电致发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode,OLED)OLED具备诸多的优势,如材料选择范围宽、发光亮度和效率高、可实现从蓝光到红光区域的全彩色显示、宽视角、响应速度快(比液晶显示器响应速度快1000倍)、驱动电压低、制作过程相对简单,有机电致发光显示还具有柔性显示的优点。
目前使用最广泛的磷光材料,由于在高电流密度下均存在严重的三重态-三重态湮灭(TTA)、单重态-三重态湮灭(STA)和浓度淬灭等,导致器件效率滚降严重,所以在磷光电致发光器件中,发光层采用主客体掺杂的形式,即将磷光染料(客体)掺杂于具有一定载流子传输能力的主体材料中。作为器件发光层的组成部分的主体材料,尤其是既可以传递空穴又可以传递电子的双偶极主体材料,其重要性不言而喻。对于同一个客体材料,选择不同的主体材料,尤其是双极性主体材料,可以明显提升器件效率,减缓效率衰减。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于制备高效的磷光和热致延迟荧光的双极性主体材料的化合物。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供了一种用于制备有机电致发光材料的化合物9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸,具有式A2的结构:
本发明提供一种用于制备有机电致发光材料的化合物的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
向咔唑、3,6-二溴-9-苯基咔唑、CuI、1,10-邻菲罗啉和K2CO3加入DMF溶解,所述咔唑、3,6-二溴-9-苯基咔唑、CuI、1,10-邻菲罗啉和K2CO3的摩尔比例为1:1~1.2:0.05~0.2:0.06~0.22:1~4;N2保护下160~165℃反应20~28h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和氯化钠水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;经柱层析提纯得到白色固体中间体A1;
向中间体A1加入干燥的THF溶解,液氮-丙酮浴冷却至-78~-80℃,缓慢加入n-BuLi,低温反应0.8~1.2h;然后再加入B(OMe)3,逐渐升至室温,反应过夜;中间体A1、n-BuLi和B(OMe)3的摩尔比例为1:1.2~1.5:1.5~2;反应结束后,加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,粗产品经柱层析得到白色固体9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸。
本发明提供一种使用化合物9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸制备有机电致发光材料的方法,包括以下步骤:
向9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸、中间体R-Br、钯催化剂、2M碱溶液加入有机溶剂,所述9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸、中间体R-Br、碱溶液的摩尔比例为1.0~1.1:1:5~10,钯催化剂用量为5~8mol%;在氮气保护下,加热至60~80℃反应10~14h;反应结束后,减压蒸出溶剂,经柱层析提纯得到粉末状固体为最终产物。
其中,所述中间体R-Br为5-溴吡啶-3-二苯膦酰基吡啶、3-溴-5-吡唑基吡啶、3-溴-5-(1,2,4-三唑基)吡啶或5-溴-3,3’-联吡啶中的一种;所述碱溶液为K2CO3、K3PO4、Na2CO3、CsF或Cs2CO3溶液;所述有机溶剂为甲苯/乙醇/水、甲苯/甲醇/水或乙二醇二甲醚/水;所述钯催化剂为四(三苯基膦)钯、双三苯基磷二氯化钯或[1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯。
本发明中使用的3-咔唑基咔唑具有很好的空穴传输能力,与不同的n-型基团来结合能够有效的调节载流子的注入与传输,从而有效地抑制淬灭效应。使用本发明的化合物合成含有咔唑基团的双极性主体材料,可以有效抑制分子间相互作用,从而抑制淬灭效应。可以实现低驱动电压高效率的电致发光器件,其蓝色磷光器件最大电流效率值可达44.1cdA-1,绿色磷光器件最大电流效率可达72.3cd A-1。
附图说明
图1是化合物PyPO-1通过Gaussian 09计算得到的HOMO与LUMO轨道分布图;
图2是化合物PyPO-2通过Gaussian 09计算得到的HOMO与LUMO轨道分布图;
图3是化合物PyPz-1通过Gaussian 09计算得到的HOMO与LUMO轨道分布图;
图4是化合物PyPz-2通过Gaussian 09计算得到的HOMO与LUMO轨道分布图;
图5是化合物PyTz-1通过Gaussian 09计算得到的HOMO与LUMO轨道分布图;
图6是化合物PyTz-2通过Gaussian 09计算得到的HOMO与LUMO轨道分布图;
图7是化合物bPy-1通过Gaussian 09计算得到的HOMO与LUMO轨道分布图;
图8是化合物bPy-2通过Gaussian 09计算得到的HOMO与LUMO轨道分布图;
图9是化合物PyPO-1制备的蓝色磷光电致发光器件的电流密度-电压-亮度曲线;
图10是化合物PyPO-1制备的蓝色磷光电致发光器件的效率曲线;
图11是化合物PyPO-1制备的蓝色磷光电致发光器件外量子效率曲线;
图12是化合物PyPO-1制备的蓝色磷光电致发光器件电致发光光谱图;
图13是化合物PyPO-1制备的绿色磷光电致发光器件的电流密度-电压-亮度曲线;
图14是化合物PyPO-1制备的绿色磷光电致发光器件的效率曲线;
图15是化合物PyPO-1制备的绿色磷光电致发光器件外量子效率曲线;
图16是化合物PyPO-1制备的绿色磷光电致发光器件电致发光光谱图。
具体实施方式
9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸的制备,
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3,6-二溴咔唑(10g,24.9mmol)、咔唑(4.16g,24.9mmol)、CuI(476.3mg,2.49mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(987.2mg,4.98mmol)和K2CO3(6.8g,49.8mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;粗产品以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体A1,产率35%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0738[M+]。
向干燥的三口烧瓶中加入中间体A1(2g,4.10mmol),加入干燥的THF溶解,液氮-丙酮浴下加入2.5M n-BuLi(1.96mL,4.92mmol),低温反应1h后缓慢加入B(OMe)3(639.1mg,6.15mmol),逐渐升至室温,反应过夜;反应结束后加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,二氯甲烷萃取(3×50mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,粗产品经柱层析得到白色固体9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸,产率50-56%。
使用化合物9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸制备有机电致发光材料,
向三口烧瓶中依次加入9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸、中间体R-Br、四(三苯基膦)钯、2M K2CO3溶液,加入甲苯/乙醇混合溶液作溶剂,所述9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸、中间体R-Br、碳酸钾的摩尔比例为1.0~1.1:1:5~10,四(三苯基膦)钯用量为5-8mol%;在氮气保护下,加热至60~80℃反应10~14h;反应结束后,减压蒸出溶剂,经柱层析提纯得到粉末状固体为最终产物。
其中,步骤3中,所述中间体R-Br为5-溴吡啶-3-二苯膦酰基吡啶、3-溴-5-吡唑基吡啶、3-溴-5-(1,2,4-三唑基)吡啶或5-溴-3,3’-联吡啶中的一种。制备方法如下:
1)5-溴吡啶-3-二苯膦酰基吡啶的制备:
称取3,5-二溴吡啶加入三口烧瓶中,加入干燥的THF溶解,用液氮-丙酮浴将体系冷却至-78~-80℃,抽真空通氮气三次,然后缓慢加入2.5M n-BuLi,低温反应0.8~1.2h后,向体系中加入二苯基氯化膦,使其缓慢升至常温后反应过夜,3,5-二溴吡啶、n-BuLi和二苯基氯化膦的摩尔比例为1:1.2~1.5:1.5~2,反应结束后加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,15min后向反应液中加入饱和NaCl水溶液,再用CH2Cl2进行萃取,分液后得到有机相并用无水MgSO4干燥。过滤后旋转蒸发掉THF和CH2Cl2。加入二氯甲烷使其溶解,搅拌下加入H2O2,反应过夜,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,用CH2Cl2进行萃取,分液后得到有机相并用无水MgSO4干燥。过滤后旋转蒸发掉CH2Cl2,粗产品以CH2Cl2与乙酸乙酯为流动相进行梯度洗脱,得到白色固体(产率57%)。
2)3-溴-5-吡唑基吡啶或3-溴-5-(1,2,4-三唑基)吡啶的制备:
称取3,5-二溴吡啶,分别称取吡唑或1,2,4-三氮唑,碳酸钾,邻菲罗啉,CuI于250mL三口烧瓶中,然后加入DMF作为反应溶剂。3,5-二溴吡啶,吡唑或1,2,4-三氮唑,碳酸钾,邻菲罗啉和CuI的摩尔比例为1:1.0~1.1:1~4:0.06~0.22:0.05~0.20;抽真空通氮气三次后,在磁力搅拌下油浴升温至160~170℃,TLC跟踪点板监测反应进程。反应结束后冷却至室温,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中搅拌淬灭反应。然后将混合液减压抽滤,用CH2Cl2溶解滤饼,无水MgSO4干燥,过滤后旋转蒸发掉CH2Cl2,粗产品以石油醚与CH2Cl2为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体(产率50~60%)。
3)5-溴-3,3’-联吡啶的制备:
称取3,5-二溴吡啶于100mL三口烧瓶中,分别加入3-吡啶硼酸,四(三苯基膦)钯,2M碳酸钾溶液,加入甲苯/乙醇=5:1的混合溶液作溶剂,3,5-二溴吡啶和3-吡啶硼酸的摩尔比例为1:1.0~1.1,四(三苯基膦)钯的用量为5~8mol%。加热升温至75~85℃,氮气保护的条件下搅拌反应10~14h。反应结束后,旋蒸除去溶剂,所得粗产品经柱层析提纯得到粉末状固体,产率70~80%。
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述,目的在于更好理解本发明的内容。所举实例并不限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例一
化合物PyPO-1和PyPO-2的合成。
在干燥的100mL双口瓶中加入3,5-二溴吡啶(4g,17mmol)和干燥溶剂四氢呋喃(20mL),原料完全溶解后,液氮-丙酮浴条件下冷却至-78℃。然后缓慢滴加n-BuLi(2.5M,8mL,20mmol),低温反应1h后,缓慢滴加二苯基氯化膦(3.7mL,20mmol)。随后缓慢升至室温,搅拌过夜。待反应结束后,加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,随后加入去离子水,利用二氯甲烷萃取(3×50mL)。合并有机层,依次利用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤除去干燥剂,减压蒸馏除去溶剂。所得淡黄色固体进行加入二氯甲烷溶解,室温下缓慢滴加H2O2(5mL,30%),滴加完毕室温搅拌3h。待反应完毕后,加入20mL去离子水,利用分液漏斗分离有机层。水层利用二氯甲烷萃取(3×20mL)。将有机层合并,依次用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥并过滤。加压蒸馏除去溶剂。所得固体柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:2)粗分离。所得白色固体利用氯仿/甲醇重结晶得到纯的中间体R1,产率57%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.82(s,1H),8.64(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),8.21(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.68(m,4H),7.61(t,J=7.3,2H),7.52(d,J=7.4Hz,4H).TOF-EI-MS(m/z):358.9891[M]+。
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3,6-二溴咔唑(10g,24.9mmol)、咔唑(4.16g,24.9mmol)、CuI(476.3mg,2.49mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(987.2mg,4.98mmol)和K2CO3(6.8g,49.8mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;粗产品以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体A1,产率35%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0738[M+]。
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3-咔唑基咔唑(6.64g,20mmol)、邻二溴苯(5.18g,2.66mL,22mmol)、CuI(0.38g,2mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(0.792g,4mmol)和K2CO3(5.44g,40mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体B1 3.7g,产率38%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0724[M+]。
向干燥的三口烧瓶中加入中间体A1或B1(2g,4.10mmol),加入干燥的THF溶解,液氮-丙酮浴下加入2.5M n-BuLi(1.96mL,4.92mmol),低温反应1h后缓慢加入B(OMe)3(639.1mg,6.15mmol),逐渐升至室温,反应过夜;反应结束后加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,二氯甲烷萃取(3×50mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,粗产品经柱层析得到白色固体A2或B2,产率50~56%。
称取中间体A2或B2(995.1mg,2.2mmol),中间体R1(716.3mg,2mmol),四(三苯基膦)钯(115.6mg,0.1mmol),2M碳酸钾溶液(5mL,10mmol)于100mL两口瓶中,加入40mL甲苯和8mL乙醇作溶剂。在氮气保护下,加热至80℃反应12h。反应结束后,减压蒸出溶剂,以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=1:2)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体。
PyPO-1:868.1mg,产率85%。
PyPO-2:837.4mg,产率82%。
实施例二
化合物PyPz-1和PyPz-2的合成。
将吡唑(0.68g,10mmol),3,5-二溴吡啶(2.49g,10.5mmol),碘化亚铜(190mg,1mmol),碳酸钾(2.72g,25mmol),1,10-菲罗啉(360.4mg,2mmol),DMF(50mL)加入100mL的双口瓶中,氮气保护下回流24h。过滤除去无机盐,减压除去溶剂,剩余固体柱层析得到白色晶体R2(1.23g,产率55%)。
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3,6-二溴咔唑(10g,24.9mmol)、咔唑(4.16g,24.9mmol)、CuI(476.3mg,2.49mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(987.2mg,4.98mmol)和K2CO3(6.8g,49.8mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;粗产品以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体A1,产率35%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0738[M+]。
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3-咔唑基咔唑(6.64g,20mmol)、邻二溴苯(5.18g,2.66mL,22mmol)、CuI(0.38g,2mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(0.792g,4mmol)和K2CO3(5.44g,40mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体B1 3.7g,产率38%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0724[M+]。
向干燥的三口烧瓶中加入中间体A1或B1(2g,4.10mmol),加入干燥的THF溶解,液氮-丙酮浴下加入2.5M n-BuLi(1.96mL,4.92mmol),低温反应1h后缓慢加入B(OMe)3(639.1mg,6.15mmol),逐渐升至室温,反应过夜;反应结束后加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,二氯甲烷萃取(3×50mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,粗产品经柱层析得到白色固体A2或B2,产率50~56%。
在100mL两口瓶中依次加入中间体R2(448.1mg,2mmol),中间体A2或B2(949.9mg,2.1mmol),甲苯(30mL),乙醇(6mL),碳酸钾水溶液(2M,5mL,10mmol)和催化剂四(三苯基膦)钯(116mg,0.1mmol)。在氮气氛围下搅拌回流8h。待反应结束,冷却至室温,并用去离子水(20mL)稀释,分离有机层,水相利用二氯甲烷萃取(3×20mL)。合并有机层,依次利用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥并过滤。减压蒸馏除去溶剂后,所得固体用石油醚和乙酸乙酯柱层析,所得固体利用氯仿/甲醇反复重结晶三次,得粉末状固体。
PyPz-1:904.7mg,产率82%。
PyPz-2:838.5mg,产率76%
实施例三
化合物PyTz-1和PyTz-2的合成。
称取1,2,4-三氮唑(0.69g,10mmol),3,5-二溴吡啶(2.49g,10.5mmol),碘化亚铜(190mg,1mmol),碳酸钾(2.72g,25mmol),1,10-菲罗啉(360.4mg,2mmol),DMF(50mL)加入100mL的双口瓶中,氮气保护下回流24h。反应结束后,冷却至室温,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水中,抽滤,烘干,固体通过柱层析提纯得到白色晶体R3(1.15g,产率51%)。
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3,6-二溴咔唑(10g,24.9mmol)、咔唑(4.16g,24.9mmol)、CuI(476.3mg,2.49mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(987.2mg,4.98mmol)和K2CO3(6.8g,49.8mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;粗产品以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体A1,产率35%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0738[M+]。
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3-咔唑基咔唑(6.64g,20mmol)、邻二溴苯(5.18g,2.66mL,22mmol)、CuI(0.38g,2mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(0.792g,4mmol)和K2CO3(5.44g,40mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体B1 3.7g,产率38%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0724[M+]。
向干燥的三口烧瓶中加入中间体A1或B1(2g,4.10mmol),加入干燥的THF溶解,液氮-丙酮浴下加入2.5M n-BuLi(1.96mL,4.92mmol),低温反应1h后缓慢加入B(OMe)3(639.1mg,6.15mmol),逐渐升至室温,反应过夜;反应结束后加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,二氯甲烷萃取(3×50mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,粗产品经柱层析得到白色固体A2或B2,产率50~56%。
在100mL两口瓶中依次加入中间体R3(450.1mg,2mmol),中间体A2或B2(949.9mg,2.1mmol),甲苯(30mL),乙醇(6mL),碳酸钾水溶液(2M,5mL,10mmol)和催化剂四(三苯基膦)钯(116mg,0.1mmol)。在氮气氛围下搅拌回流8h。待反应结束,冷却至室温,并用去离子水(20mL)稀释,分离有机层,水相利用二氯甲烷萃取(3×20mL)。合并有机层,依次利用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥并过滤。减压蒸馏除去溶剂后,所得固体用石油醚和乙酸乙酯柱层析,所得固体利用氯仿/甲醇反复重结晶三次,得粉末状固体。
PyTz-1:829mg,产率75%
PyTz-2:773mg,产率70%
实施例四
化合物bPy-1和bPy-2的合成。
在250mL两口瓶中依次加入3,5-二溴吡啶(2.34g,10mmol),3-吡啶硼酸(1.23mg,10mmol),甲苯(50mL),乙醇(10mL),碳酸钾水溶液(2M,25mL,50mmol)和催化剂四(三苯基膦)钯(577.8mg,0.05mmol)。在氮气氛围下搅拌回流8h。待反应结束,冷却至室温,并用去离子水(20mL)稀释,分离有机层,水相利用二氯甲烷萃取(3×30mL)。合并有机层,依次利用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥并过滤。减压蒸馏除去溶剂后,所得固体用石油醚和乙酸乙酯柱层析,得粉末状固体R4(1.67mg,产率71%),ESI-MS:233.9804[M+]。
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3,6-二溴咔唑(10g,24.9mmol)、咔唑(4.16g,24.9mmol)、CuI(476.3mg,2.49mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(987.2mg,4.98mmol)和K2CO3(6.8g,49.8mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;粗产品以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体A1,产率35%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0738[M+]。
向250mL三口烧瓶中依次加入3-咔唑基咔唑(6.64g,20mmol)、邻二溴苯(5.18g,2.66mL,22mmol)、CuI(0.38g,2mmol)、1,10-邻菲罗啉(0.792g,4mmol)和K2CO3(5.44g,40mmol),并加入DMF溶解,N2保护下165℃反应24h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和NaCl水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;以石油醚与CH2Cl2(PE:DCM=15:1)为流动相进行柱色谱提纯,得到白色固体B1 3.7g,产率38%,TOF-EI-MS:486.0724[M+]。
向干燥的三口烧瓶中加入中间体A1或B1(2g,4.10mmol),加入干燥的THF溶解,液氮-丙酮浴下加入2.5M n-BuLi(1.96mL,4.92mmol),低温反应1h后缓慢加入B(OMe)3(639.1mg,6.15mmol),逐渐升至室温,反应过夜;反应结束后加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,二氯甲烷萃取(3×50mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,粗产品经柱层析得到白色固体A2或B2,产率50~56%。
在100mL两口瓶中依次加入中间体R4(470.1mg,2mmol),中间体A2或B2(949.9mg,2.1mmol),甲苯(30mL),乙醇(6mL),碳酸钾水溶液(2M,5mL,10mmol)和催化剂四(三苯基膦)钯(116mg,0.1mmol)。在氮气氛围下搅拌回流8h。待反应结束,冷却至室温,并用去离子水(20mL)稀释,分离有机层,水相利用二氯甲烷萃取(3×20mL)。合并有机层,依次利用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥并过滤。减压蒸馏除去溶剂后,所得固体用石油醚和乙酸乙酯柱层析,所得固体利用氯仿/甲醇反复重结晶三次,得粉末状固体。
bPy-1:922.8mg,产率81%
bPy-2:877.8mg,产率78%
实施例五
通过高斯09程序计算的实施例一到实施例四中的双极性电致发光材料的HOMO和LUMO电子云分布如图1-8所示。从分子的HOMO和LUMO电子云分布图可以看出,该系列化合物的HOMO电子云都分布在3-咔唑基咔唑基团上,而LUMO电子云则都分布在吸电子的n-型基团上,这从理论上表明该系列分子的双电荷传输性质,即能够同时传输电子和空穴。
实施例六
利用实施例一中所制备的含有咔唑基团的双极性电致发光材料作为发光层的主体材料制备电致发光器件,并对器件进行表征测试。具体制备方法参见文献J.Mater.Chem.C,2016,4,7260-7268。具体的电致发光器件的结构为:ITO/PEDOT:PSS(45nm)/TAPC(20nm)/PyPO-1:FIrpic(6%,30nm)/TmPyPB(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(200nm)。
图9为以含有咔唑基团的双极性电致发光材料PyPO-1为主体材料制备的蓝色磷光发光器件的电流密度-电压-亮度曲线,由此图可知,该器件的启亮电压为3.0V,最大亮度为13010cd/m2。该器件的效率曲线和电致发光光谱如图10,11和12所示。该器件的最大电流效率、功率效率分别为44.1cd/A和39.6lm/W。从器件的电致发光光谱可以看出,该器件的发光峰只有客体材料FIrpic的发光峰,没有主体材料或是其他的发光峰。
为了进一步研究含有咔唑基团的双极性电致发光材料作为绿色磷光主体材料的性质,该绿光器件采用与天蓝光器件相同的结构,以8wt%的Ir(ppy)3为客体。J-V-B曲线和效率曲线如图13和14、15所示,电致发光光谱如图16所示。该绿光器件的电致发光光谱中未发现任何来自主体或相邻层材料的发射峰。该器件的启亮电压为2.5V。最大电流效率为72.3cd/A,最大功率效率为45.4lm/W。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于制备有机电致发光材料的化合物,其特征在于,化合物为9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸,具有式A2的结构。
2.一种用于制备权利要求1所述的化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
向咔唑、3,6-二溴-9-苯基咔唑、CuI、1,10-邻菲罗啉和K2CO3加入DMF溶解,所述咔唑、3,6-二溴-9-苯基咔唑、CuI、1,10-邻菲罗啉和K2CO3的摩尔比例为1:1~1.2:0.05~0.2:0.06~0.22:1~4;N2保护下160~165℃反应20~28h;反应结束后,将反应液倒入饱和氯化钠水溶液中,抽滤,烘干;经柱层析提纯得到白色固体中间体A1;
向中间体A1加入干燥的THF溶解,液氮-丙酮浴冷却至-78~-80℃,缓慢加入n-BuLi,低温反应0.8~1.2h;然后再加入B(OMe)3,逐渐升至室温,反应过夜;中间体A1、n-BuLi和B(OMe)3的摩尔比例为1:1.2~1.5:1.5~2;反应结束后,加入1mL稀盐酸淬灭反应,二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,粗产品经柱层析得到白色固体9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸。
3.一种使用权利要求1所述的化合物制备有机电致发光材料的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
向9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸、中间体R-Br、钯催化剂、2M碱溶液加入有机溶剂,所述9-苯基-3,9’-联咔唑-6-硼酸、中间体R-Br、碱溶液的摩尔比例为1.0~1.1:1:5~10,钯催化剂用量为5~8mol%;在氮气保护下,加热至60~80℃反应10~14h;反应结束后,减压蒸出溶剂,经柱层析提纯得到粉末状固体为最终产物;
其中,所述中间体R-Br为5-溴吡啶-3-二苯膦酰基吡啶、3-溴-5-吡唑基吡啶、3-溴-5-(1,2,4-三唑基)吡啶或5-溴-3,3’-联吡啶中的一种;所述碱溶液为K2CO3、K3PO4、Na2CO3、CsF或Cs2CO3溶液;所述有机溶剂为甲苯/乙醇/水、甲苯/甲醇/水或乙二醇二甲醚/水。
4.根据权利要求3所述的使用权利要求1所述的化合物制备有机电致发光材料的方法,其特征在于,所述钯催化剂为四(三苯基膦)钯、双三苯基磷二氯化钯或[1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯。
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