CN108747060B - A kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defence based on laser energy regulation - Google Patents
A kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defence based on laser energy regulation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108747060B CN108747060B CN201810558593.1A CN201810558593A CN108747060B CN 108747060 B CN108747060 B CN 108747060B CN 201810558593 A CN201810558593 A CN 201810558593A CN 108747060 B CN108747060 B CN 108747060B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- back wall
- single pulse
- energy
- punching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
- B23K26/384—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring of specially shaped holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0626—Energy control of the laser beam
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defences based on laser energy regulation, it has been determined that the limit single pulse energy of ablation does not occur for cavity structure part back wall material, pass through the single pulse energy of laser in control laser drilling process, the laser energy density for ensuring to be irradiated to back wall material is lower than the ablation threshold of material, realizes the back wall protection in cavity structure part laser drilling process.Whole process is without adding any protection materials, and process is simple, can be avoided the waste of material, reduces production cost, has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of laser processing, in particular to a kind of cavity structure part based on laser energy regulation
Punch back wall means of defence.
Background technique
A large amount of cavity structure parts, by taking aero-engine hollow turbine vane as an example, work are needed in the industrial production
Environment is extremely severe, in order to ensure it can be on active service stably in a long term, needs to design and process on spoon of blade profile a large amount of
Micro hole, with ensure by turbine interior discharge cold air cold air film can be formed in blade surface by micropore, reach every
Purpose from high-temperature gas protection turbo blade.
Laser processing is used as a kind of noncontact procession means, is widely used in the processing of various components.Wherein
Ultrafast laser spiral drilling method is a kind of major way for processing above-mentioned micro hole.But in the process of application this method punching
In, since the Duplication of the center hot spot of micropore is high, laser energy density is concentrated, and the material ablation rate of center is made
Much larger than the material of edge, it is initially formed taper hole structure after causing micropore to be got through, arrives this section for processing straight hole at this time
In time, laser can be irradiated to the back wall surface of part directly through cavity, rhegmalypt and micro- occur so as to cause back wall material
The irreversible damage such as crackle, influences the working performance of turbo blade.
For the back wall damage problem occurred in such processing method, patent CN104801857A discloses a kind of turbine leaf
The method that piece laser machines rear wall protection, by injecting ice-toner mixture in the cavity of turbo blade as protective materials,
Irradiation is set to become larger to the laser facula of back wall, energy density decaying avoids back wall from damaging；United States Patent (USP) US5222617A is described
A method of it preventing occurring back wall damage in turbo blade drill process, passes through the placing ceramic casting core in turbo blade cavity
To stop the laser across micropore, make it that can not reach back wall material surface, so that back wall be avoided to damage.Although these methods can
To avoid occurring back wall damage in process, but due to introducing protective materials, the waste of material and the increase of process are caused,
Processing efficiency is influenced, the demand of batch production is unable to satisfy, belongs to passive protection.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming passive protection, solve how to avoid carrying on the back during cavity structure part punching
Wall damaging techniques problem, the present invention provide a kind of method of active defense, are not necessarily to packing material, simple process and cost is relatively low.
The present invention solves technical problem and adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defence based on laser energy regulation, comprising the following steps:
Step 1) is according in the material properties and punching requirement and the empirically determined process of actual processing of processing part
Used laser energy parameter, including laser wavelength lambda, pulse width τ and laser spot radius ω0；
Step 2) obtains quasi- perforated material in selected laser by consulting literatures and existing ablation threshold mensuration
Single pulse ablation threshold value under parameter
Step 3) measures the distance between cavity structure part front and rear surfaces h using measuring tool；The measuring tool packet
Include graduated scale and vernier caliper；
Transmission formula of the step 4) according to fundamental-mode gaussian beam in free space transmission, enables z=h, and substitution can acquire photograph
Penetrate the spot radius ω (h) in back wall material surface；The formula are as follows:
The ω (z) is laser facula radius, ω0For laser spot radius, λ is optical maser wavelength, and z is transmission range；
Peak energy denisty when ablation does not occur according to material surface for step 5)No more than material single pulse ablation threshold value1/10, calculateFormula is calculated further according to energy density, calculates the single pulse energy that back wall damage occurs just
Limit Epm；The energy density calculates formula are as follows:
Before step 6) punching starts, using hole breakthrough detection method, optical fiber and detector are placed in the cavities, for detecting
Whether hole is got through；
When step 7) punching starts, single pulse energy E is taken0The punching of laser spiral is carried out to part；
The single pulse energy E0It is reasonably selected according to the actual situation by processing staff；When detector indicator light is bright
When rising, indicates that hole is got through, the single pulse energy of laser is adjusted to E at this timepmAnd remove optical fiber and detector；
Step 8) keeps single pulse energy EpmIt is constant with remaining machined parameters, continue to process, until hole machined is completed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: present invention determine that the pole of ablation does not occur for cavity structure part back wall material
Single pulse energy is limited, passes through the single pulse energy of laser in control laser drilling process, it is ensured that be irradiated to the laser of back wall material
Energy density is lower than the ablation threshold of material, realizes the back wall protection in cavity structure part laser drilling process.Entire processing
Process is without adding any protection materials, and process is simple, can be avoided the waste of material, reduces production cost, has good
Application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is simulation cavity structure part schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the transmission schematic diagram of basic mode gauss laser in free space；
The schematic diagram that hole will be got through when Fig. 3 is the punching of basic mode gauss laser；
Fig. 4 is the beam spot scans track schematic diagram using spiral hole knockout；
Fig. 5 is the punch position schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 6 is the comparative result figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 7 is the punch position schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 8 is the comparative result figure of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below with reference to embodiments and examples.
Specific embodiment: present embodiment is that a kind of cavity structure part punching back wall based on laser energy regulation is anti-
Maintaining method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1) is according in the material properties and punching requirement and the empirically determined process of actual processing of processing part
Used laser energy parameter, including laser wavelength lambda, pulse width τ and laser spot radius ω0；
Step 2) obtains quasi- perforated material in selected laser by consulting literatures and existing ablation threshold mensuration
Single pulse ablation threshold value under parameter
Step 3) measures the distance between cavity structure part front and rear surfaces h using measuring tool；The measuring tool packet
Include graduated scale and vernier caliper；
Transmission formula of the step 4) according to fundamental-mode gaussian beam in free space transmission, enables z=h, and substitution can acquire photograph
Penetrate the spot radius ω (h) in back wall material surface；The formula are as follows:
The ω (z) is laser facula radius, ω0For laser spot radius, λ is optical maser wavelength, and z is transmission range；
Peak energy denisty when ablation does not occur according to material surface for step 5)No more than material single pulse ablation threshold value1/10, calculateFormula is calculated further according to energy density, calculates the single pulse energy that back wall damage occurs just
Limit Epm；The energy density calculates formula are as follows:
Before step 6) punching starts, using hole breakthrough detection method, optical fiber and detector are placed in the cavities, for detecting
Whether hole is got through；
When step 7) punching starts, single pulse energy E is taken0The punching of laser spiral is carried out to part；
The single pulse energy E0It is reasonably selected according to the actual situation by processing staff；When detector indicator light is bright
When rising, indicates that hole is got through, the single pulse energy of laser is adjusted to E at this timepmAnd remove optical fiber and detector；
Step 8) keeps single pulse energy EpmIt is constant with remaining machined parameters, continue to process, until hole machined is completed.
Embodiment one: the present embodiment simulates cavity structure zero by placing 304 stainless steel plate of two panels up and down in fixture
Part.As shown in Figure 1, wherein 1 be cavity structure part work area to be added, 2 be cavity structure part back wall, 3 be cavity, and 4 are
The rear surface in work area to be added, 5 be back wall material surface.
Selecting for the laser wavelength lambda of punching is 1064nm, laser pulse widthτFor 250fs, light beam is revolved by 4 wedges
Transfer from one department to another system and form helical scanning on the surface of the material, speed of rotation 2400r/min, track is as shown in figure 4, track outmost turns half
Diameter is 0.5mm (straight hole that i.e. quasi- processing aperture is 1mm), laser spot radius ω0For 20um；Selected 304 stainless steels, which are used as, to be added
Work material determines its ablation threshold under Femtosecond-Laser Pulse Excitation by existing literatureFor 0.455J/cm2；
Fixture is adjusted, is 6.57mm using the distance between measuring tool measurement front and rear surfaces h；
The transmission in free space of basic mode gauss laser is as shown in Fig. 2, 6 be wherein fundamental-mode gaussian beam, 7 is burnt for laser
2 ω of spot diameter0, 8 be diameter 2 ω (h) of the laser irradiation in back wall material surface, by λ=1064nm, ω0=20um substitutes into base
Transmission formula of the mould Gaussian beam in free space transmissionAnd z=h=6.57mm is enabled, acquire photograph
The laser facula radius ω (h) penetrated on back wall material surface 5 is 113.04um；
Make back wall material that ablation not occur, then to guarantee with the laser peak energy density on back wall material surfaceNo more than the ablation threshold of material1/10, enablePeak energy denisty formula is substituted into,
Acquire the single pulse energy limit E that back wall damage occurs justpmFor 9.133uJ；
Before punching starts, the hole breakthrough detection method proposed using patent EP2093011A1 (publication number), in the cavities
Optical fiber and detector are placed, whether is got through for detection hole；
Start to select laser single-pulse energy E when punchingpFor 100uJ, start to carry out spiral punching；
When detector indicator light lights, the single pulse energy of laser is adjusted to Epm=9.13 μ J；
Holding single pulse energy is EpmIt is constant with remaining machined parameters, continue to process, be completed until hole is processed, and to this
Hole number is 1.1, as shown in Figure 5.
Then at 1.1 side suitable distance of hole, single pulse energy E is keptpIt is constant for 100uJ, start spiral punching, directly
It is completed to hole machined, and is 1.2 to hole number, in this, as control, results of comparison is as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment two: the present embodiment is the back wall damage comparative experiments verified to general applicability of the present invention, wherein
Basic parameter setting is the same as example 1.
Fixture is adjusted, is 11.07mm using the distance between measuring tool measurement front and rear surfaces h；
By λ=1064nm, ω0=20um substitutes into transmission formula of the fundamental-mode gaussian beam in free space transmissionAnd z=h=11.07mm is enabled, acquire the laser facula radius ω being radiated on back wall material surface 5
It (h) is 188.52um；
Make back wall material that ablation not occur, then to guarantee with the laser peak energy density on back wall material surfaceNo more than the ablation threshold of material1/10, enablePeak energy denisty calculation formula is substituted into, lucky hair is acquired
The single pulse energy limit E of raw back wall damagepmFor 25.402uJ；
Before punching starts, the hole breakthrough detection method proposed using patent EP2093011A1 (publication number), in the cavities
Optical fiber and detector are placed, whether is got through for detection hole；
Start to select laser single-pulse energy E when punchingpFor 100uJ, start to carry out spiral punching；
When detector indicator light lights, the single pulse energy of laser is adjusted to Epm=25.402 μ J；Keep simple venation
Rushing energy is EpmIt is constant with remaining machined parameters, continue to process, be completed until hole is processed, and is 2.1 to hole number.
Then at 2.1 side suitable distance of hole, single pulse energy E is keptpIt is constant for 100uJ, start spiral punching, directly
It is completed to hole machined, and is 2.2 to hole number, as shown in fig. 7, using experimental result as control, as shown in Figure 8.
If not regulating and controlling to laser energy it can be seen from experimental result Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, bottom plate can be had damage when processing
Occur, and laser energy is regulated and controled using the method proposed when roof hole will be penetrated, then can be damaged to avoid back wall
The appearance of wound can illustrate that proposed method has feasibility by embodiment, and by regulation of energy, no back wall damage may be implemented
The small hole machined of wound.
Finally, it should be noted that embodiment of above and embodiment are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than it is right
It is limited；Although referring to aforementioned embodiments or embodiment, invention is explained in detail, the ordinary skill of this field
Personnel are it is understood that it can still modify to technical solution documented by aforementioned embodiments and embodiment or right
Part of technical characteristic is equivalently replaced；And these are modified or replaceed, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The spirit and scope of each embodiment of the present invention or embodiment technical solution.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defence based on laser energy regulation, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
Step 1) is made according in the material properties and punching requirement and the empirically determined process of actual processing of processing part
Laser energy parameter, including laser wavelength lambda, pulse width τ and laser spot radius ω0；
Step 2) obtains quasi- perforated material in selected laser parameter by consulting literatures and existing ablation threshold mensuration
Under single pulse ablation threshold value
Step 3) measures the distance between cavity structure part front and rear surfaces h using measuring tool；The measuring tool includes carving
Spend ruler and vernier caliper；
Transmission formula of the step 4) according to fundamental-mode gaussian beam in free space transmission, enables z=h, and substitution can be acquired and is radiated at
The spot radius ω (h) of back wall material surface；The formula are as follows:
The ω (z) is laser facula radius, ω0For laser spot radius, λ is optical maser wavelength, and z is transmission range；
Peak energy denisty when ablation does not occur according to material surface for step 5)No more than material single pulse ablation threshold value's
1/10, it calculatesFurther according to peak energy denisty calculation formula, the single pulse energy that back wall damage occurs just is calculated
Limit Epm；The peak energy denisty calculation formula are as follows:
Before step 6) punching starts, using hole breakthrough detection method, optical fiber and detector are placed in the cavities, is for detection hole
It is no to be got through；
When step 7) punching starts, single pulse energy E is taken0The punching of laser spiral is carried out to part；
The single pulse energy E0It is reasonably selected according to the actual situation by processing staff；When detector indicator light lights,
It indicates that hole is got through, the single pulse energy of laser is adjusted to single pulse energy limit E at this timepmAnd remove optical fiber and detection
Device；
Step 8) keeps single pulse energy EpmIt is constant with remaining machined parameters, continue to process, until hole machined is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810558593.1A CN108747060B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | A kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defence based on laser energy regulation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810558593.1A CN108747060B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | A kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defence based on laser energy regulation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108747060A CN108747060A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
| CN108747060B true CN108747060B (en) | 2019-11-19 |
Family
ID=64002181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810558593.1A Active CN108747060B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2018-06-01 | A kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defence based on laser energy regulation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108747060B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109685890A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-26 | 厦门大学 | A kind of hollow turbine vane film cooling holes back wall damage active protection method |
| CN111805099B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-02-22 | 西安中科微精光子制造科技有限公司 | Laser scanning device and scanning method based on regional modulation technology |
| CN115213429B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-04-16 | 广东汉邦激光科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional forming equipment and forming method for tubular support |
| CN116174945B (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2024-09-13 | 淮阴工学院 | Device for machining special-shaped holes by laser and punching process thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105269158A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-01-27 | 西安交通大学 | High-energy laser step-by-step machining method for cooling hole of turbine blade with thermal barrier coating |
| CN105772953A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-07-20 | 通用电气公司 | Method And System For Confined Laser Drilling |
| CN105880842A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2016-08-24 | 通用电气公司 | System And Method For Cutting A Passage In An Airfoil |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE68907527T2 (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1993-10-28 | Rolls Royce Plc | Laser drilling of components. |
| US9238265B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2016-01-19 | General Electric Company | Backstrike protection during machining of cooling features |
| CN106583949B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-09-07 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | The processing method of the low damage of the high whirlpool hollow blade air film hole of aero-engine monocrystalline |
-
2018
- 2018-06-01 CN CN201810558593.1A patent/CN108747060B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105772953A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-07-20 | 通用电气公司 | Method And System For Confined Laser Drilling |
| CN105880842A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2016-08-24 | 通用电气公司 | System And Method For Cutting A Passage In An Airfoil |
| CN105269158A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-01-27 | 西安交通大学 | High-energy laser step-by-step machining method for cooling hole of turbine blade with thermal barrier coating |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《Al2O3陶瓷激光切割工艺研究》;贾志新等;《2016年全国电火花切割加工技术研讨会暨江苏省特种加工学术年会交流集》;20160922;第87-92页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108747060A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108747060B (en) | A kind of cavity structure part punching back wall means of defence based on laser energy regulation | |
| Umroh et al. | CO2 laser machining on alumina ceramic: a review | |
| Ren et al. | Comparison of the simulation and experimental of hole characteristics during nanosecond-pulsed laser drilling of thin titanium sheets | |
| US5222617A (en) | Drilling turbine blades | |
| JP4142252B2 (en) | Combined percussion and trepanning laser drilling | |
| Li et al. | Study of femtosecond ablation on aluminum film with 3D two-temperature model and experimental verifications | |
| CN104308368B (en) | The quantitative minimizing technology of multi-shot laser ablation metal coating | |
| Zhang et al. | Material removal effect of microchannel processing by femtosecond laser | |
| RU2008134515A (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING HOLE | |
| KR20160093593A (en) | Method and apparatus for internally marking a substrate having a rough surface | |
| CN104625417A (en) | Method for controlling topography of nickel surface through femtosecond laser based on electronic dynamic control | |
| Ho et al. | Magnetic-field-assisted laser percussion drilling | |
| JP2003088976A5 (en) | ||
| He et al. | Numerical model and experimental demonstration of high precision ablation of pulse CO 2 laser | |
| KR102140458B1 (en) | Laser systems for drilling holes in medical devices | |
| CN104289812B (en) | Use equipment and the method for the processing fragility substrate of multiple laser instrument | |
| CN202185678U (en) | Device for manufacturing metal film group hole through ultrashort pulse laser | |
| Puoza et al. | Manufacturing of micro-textures on metals by nanosecond laser micromachining | |
| US20090283508A1 (en) | Method for producting a hole | |
| CN110434448A (en) | The surface layer texturing of hard brittle material handles assistance processing method | |
| PL430653A1 (en) | Method of cutting a pieces from polypropylene film and a device for implementing the method | |
| Kuar et al. | Experimental investigations on Nd: YAG laser cutting of silicon nitride | |
| EP1454704B1 (en) | Method of short pulse hole drilling without a resultant pilot hole and backwall damage | |
| Vatsya et al. | Geometrical modeling of surface profile formation during laser ablation of materials | |
| Hendow et al. | Dynamic pulsing of a MOPA fiber laser for enhanced material processing |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |