CN108744729B - Graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2055—Carbonaceous material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0407—Additives and treatments of the filtering material comprising particulate additives, e.g. adsorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0442—Antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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Abstract
The invention relates to a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composite filter element comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1% -10% of graphene; 90-99.9% of modified activated carbon. The preparation method of the composite filter element comprises the following steps: A. soaking the modified activated carbon in a graphene solution, and filtering out solid substances; B. and then cleaning and drying the solid matter to obtain the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element. The composite filter element prepared by the invention has the effects of high-efficiency antibiosis, decoloration and deodorization, can effectively remove bacteria, micromolecule organic matters, heavy metals, residual chlorine and other radioactive substances in water, and fully adsorbs heterochrosis and peculiar smell in water, so that the water quality is sweet and delicious. And the composite filter element can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria adsorbed on the surface of the filter element, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of secondary pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water purification filter elements, in particular to a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Tap water contains harmful substances such as bacteria, heavy metals, odor gas, pigments and the like, and according to statistics, the tap water usually contains more than 2000 compounds, more than 200 compounds are harmful to human bodies, wherein the bacteria are the main cause of water pollution. The research shows that: pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus and pathogenic escherichia coli in drinking water have serious influence on human health. The water purifier is an ideal household water purifying device, is used for purifying tap water, and can greatly improve the tap water which is polluted and does not reach the standard of safe drinking water after being treated by the water purifier. Can effectively remove rust, silt, residual chlorine, abnormal color and odor, organic matters, heavy metal ions, ova and red worms with the diameter more than 1 mu m, and the like. Among the prior art, the leading filter equipment of water purifier is provided with two-stage filter core usually, and the first grade is the cotton filter core of PP, and the second grade is compression activated carbon filter core, the two-stage filter core sets up on the water treatment route. The PP filter element adsorbs suspended impurities, particles, sludge and the like in water, the micron (mum) is used as a grading standard, the common filter pore diameters are 1, 5, 10, 20μm and the like, a melt-blown process is adopted, a special receiving device is used for enabling melt-blown superfine fibers to form a coreless cylinder, and the diameter and the density of the fibers can be changed by adjusting process combination, so that filter element products with different filter performances are obtained. Activated carbon has been found to be useful for water treatment since the beginning of the twentieth century. It is a carbon with porous structure, and the pores are used for increasing the surface area of the activated carbon for adsorbing impurities. The physical properties of the carbonized material are greatly related to the quality of the raw material and the treatment process. The active carbon is used for adsorbing chemical substances, organic pollution sources, abnormal color and odor and the like by porous tissues on the surface. Generally, the smaller the volume of activated carbon, the greater the overall surface area and the higher the adsorption capacity, but the higher the pressure loss of the piping. When the flow of tap water is large, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon filter material is very limited, and residual chlorine, heavy metals and the like in the tap water cannot be effectively removed. When the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon filter material is saturated, the activated carbon filter element must be replaced, otherwise, the activated carbon filter element cannot play a role in filtration, and the user is inconvenienced and the use cost is increased due to frequent replacement of the activated carbon filter element. Meanwhile, the PP cotton filter element and the common active carbon filter material cannot inhibit the breeding of bacteria, the two-stage filter element is not replaced for a long time, but secondary pollution is caused, and the bacteria are increased in geometric multiples. In order to achieve the aim of antibiosis, the existing treatment method is to soak a compressed activated carbon filter element into a mixed solution of silver nitrate and dilute nitric acid, after drying, silver ions are physically adsorbed on the compressed activated carbon filter element, so that the sterilization and antibiosis functions are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element and a preparation method and application thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1% -10% of graphene;
90-99.9% of modified activated carbon.
More preferably, the graphene accounts for 1-10% by mass.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified activated carbon comprises the following steps:
cleaning and drying the active carbon raw material, adding the active carbon raw material into a modifier solution, uniformly stirring, soaking for 2-3 hours, filtering out solid substances, cleaning and drying to obtain modified active carbon;
the mass ratio of the active carbon to the modifier is 20:1-1: 2; the mass fraction of the modifier in the modifier solution is 1-30%.
Preferably, the activated carbon raw material is one or more of coal activated carbon, coconut shell activated carbon, fruit shell activated carbon and wood activated carbon. More preferably coconut shell activated carbon.
Preferably, the modifier is one or more of organosilicon, methyl methacrylate, acrylate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, butadiene and styrene.
Preferably, the modifier is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate modified activated carbon.
Preferably, the graphene is one or more of graphene oxide, graphene, anion modified graphene and redox graphene. More preferably, graphene oxide or anion-modified graphene is used.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. soaking the modified activated carbon in a graphene solution, and filtering out solid substances;
B. and then cleaning and drying the solid matter to obtain the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element. In the composite filter element prepared by the method, the content of graphene can reach 0.05-2%.
Preferably, in the step a, the graphene solution contains 0.1 to 10% by mass of graphene, and more preferably 1 to 10% by mass of graphene; the soaking time is 6-10 hours.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 110-130 ℃, and the drying time is 20-28 h.
The method adopts a soaking-drying process, the modified activated carbon is soaked in the graphene oxide, and a sulfur bridge bond is formed through deacidification/dealkalization reaction, so that the connection between the graphene oxide and the activated carbon is enhanced.
The invention also provides an application of the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element in water purification equipment.
The modifier disclosed by the invention has the main effects that chemical bonding reaction is utilized to link graphene and activated carbon, so that the graphene is uniformly distributed in the activated carbon, and meanwhile, the bonding reaction enhances the connection between the graphene and the activated carbon.
The graphene mainly has the effects of enhancing the antibacterial performance of the activated carbon and improving the antibacterial performance of the activated carbon filter element material.
Graphene is a two-dimensional material with carbon atoms arranged in a hexagon, and graphene oxide has carboxyl, epoxy, hydroxyl and other radical-containing modifications on the surface layer of graphene to cut bacterial cell membranes, so that the bacterial cell membranes are damaged, intracellular substances flow out, and bacteria are killed. Meanwhile, the graphene can destroy the cell membrane by inserting the cell membrane of the bacteria and extracting phospholipid molecules on the cell membrane so as to kill the bacteria. In addition, due to the excellent electron transport property of the graphene, the graphene can easily change the potential on the surface of the bacterial membrane, so that a large number of electrons in the bacterial body adsorbed on the surface of the bacterial membrane are attracted to the surface of the graphene, the potential on the surface of the bacterial membrane is unstable, cell respiration on the surface of the bacterial membrane, electronic transmission, signal transmission and other functional disorders are caused, and biochemical abnormality in the bacterial body is caused to kill the death.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the composite filter element prepared by the invention has the effects of high-efficiency antibiosis, decoloration and deodorization, can effectively remove bacteria, micromolecule organic matters, heavy metals, residual chlorine and other radioactive substances in water, and fully adsorbs heterochrosis and peculiar smell in water, so that the water quality is sweet and delicious. And the composite filter element can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria adsorbed on the surface of the filter element, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of secondary pollution.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which comprises the following steps:
1. modification of activated carbon:
1.1 weighing 100g of coconut shell activated carbon in a 1L beaker, washing with deionized water, standing for 6 hours, pouring out impurities, ash and clear liquid on the upper layer, repeating for 4-6 times, cleaning the activated carbon, and drying at the temperature of 110-.
1.2 preparing a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution (5 percent (mass fraction)) in a small 250mL beaker, adding the activated carbon in the solution 1 into the solution, stirring the solution uniformly, soaking the solution for 2 to 3 hours, and filtering out solid substances.
1.3 washing the filtered solid with deionized water for 3-5 times, and drying at 110-130 ℃ for 20-28 hours to prepare the modified activated carbon grafted with the sodium sulfonate group.
2. Preparing graphene activated carbon:
2.1 putting graphene oxide (5 mass percent) in a small 250mL beaker, adding the modified activated carbon prepared in the step 1 into the solution, stirring uniformly, soaking for 6-10 hours, and filtering out solid substances.
2.2 washing the filtered solid with deionized water for 3-5 times, and drying at 110-130 ℃ for 20-28 hours to prepare the graphene modified activated carbon material.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 1%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which comprises the following steps:
1. modification of activated carbon:
1.1 weighing 100g of coconut shell activated carbon in a 1L beaker, washing with deionized water, standing for 6 hours, pouring out impurities, ash and clear liquid on the upper layer, repeating for 4-6 times, cleaning the activated carbon, and drying at the temperature of 110-.
1.2 preparing a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution (1 percent (mass fraction)) in a small 250mL beaker, adding the activated carbon in the solution 1 into the solution, stirring the solution uniformly, soaking the solution for 2 to 3 hours, and filtering out solid substances.
1.3 washing the filtered solid with deionized water for 3-5 times, and drying at 110-130 ℃ for 20-28 hours to prepare the modified activated carbon grafted with the sodium sulfonate group.
2. Preparing graphene activated carbon:
2.1 putting graphene oxide (10%) in a small 250mL beaker, adding the modified activated carbon prepared in the step 1 into the solution, stirring uniformly, soaking for 6-10 hours, and filtering out solid substances.
2.2 washing the filtered solid with deionized water for 3-5 times, and drying at 110-130 ℃ for 20-28 hours to prepare the graphene modified activated carbon material.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 2%.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which comprises the following steps:
1. modification of activated carbon:
1.1 weighing 100g of coconut shell activated carbon in a 1L beaker, washing with deionized water, standing for 6 hours, pouring out impurities, ash and clear liquid on the upper layer, repeating for 4-6 times, cleaning the activated carbon, and drying at the temperature of 110-.
1.2 preparing a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution (3 percent (mass fraction)) in a small 250mL beaker, adding the activated carbon in the solution 1 into the solution, stirring the solution uniformly, soaking the solution for 2 to 3 hours, and filtering out solid substances.
1.3 washing the filtered solid with deionized water for 3-5 times, and drying at 110-130 ℃ for 20-28 hours to prepare the modified activated carbon grafted with the sodium sulfonate group.
2. Preparing graphene activated carbon:
2.1 putting graphene oxide (0.1%) in a small 250mL beaker, adding the modified activated carbon prepared in the step 1 into the solution, stirring uniformly, soaking for 6-10 hours, and filtering out solid substances.
2.2 washing the filtered solid with deionized water for 3-5 times, and drying at 110-130 ℃ for 20-28 hours to prepare the graphene modified activated carbon material.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.05%.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which comprises the following steps:
1. modification of activated carbon:
1.1 weighing 100g of coconut shell activated carbon in a 1L beaker, washing with deionized water, standing for 6 hours, pouring out impurities, ash and clear liquid on the upper layer, repeating for 4-6 times, cleaning the activated carbon, and drying at 120 ℃ for 12 hours.
1.2 preparing a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution (2 percent (mass fraction)) in a small 250mL beaker, adding the activated carbon in the solution 1 into the solution, stirring the solution uniformly, soaking the solution for 2 to 3 hours, and filtering out solid substances.
1.3 washing the filtered solid with deionized water for 3-5 times, and drying at 120 ℃ for 24 hours to prepare the modified activated carbon grafted with the sodium sulfonate group.
2. Preparing graphene activated carbon:
2.1 putting graphene oxide (1 percent (mass fraction)) in a small 250mL beaker, adding the modified activated carbon prepared in the step 1 into the solution, uniformly stirring, soaking for 6-10 hours, and filtering out solid substances.
2.2 washing the filtered solid with deionized water for 3-5 times, and drying at 120 ℃ for 24 hours to prepare the graphene modified activated carbon material.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.5%.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 4, except that: in step 2.1, the adopted graphene is anion modified graphene.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.4%.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 4, except that: in step 2.1, the graphene adopted is redox graphene.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.2%.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 4, except that: in step 1.2, the modifier used is methyl methacrylate.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.25%.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 4, except that: in step 1.2, the modifier used is organosilicon.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.3%.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 4, except that: in step 1.1, the activated carbon used is wood activated carbon.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.4%.
Example 10
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 4, except that: in step 1.1, the activated carbon adopted is coal-based activated carbon.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.4%.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a preparation method of a graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element, and the specific steps are basically the same as those in example 1, except that: in this comparative example, activated carbon was directly immersed in graphene solution without modification.
In the obtained composite filter element, the content of graphene is 0.1%.
Effect verification:
tap water was filtered through the graphene-modified activated carbon composite filter elements prepared in the above examples and comparative examples, and the filtration results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The invention has many applications, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the above examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1% -10% of graphene;
90-99.9% of modified activated carbon;
the preparation method of the modified activated carbon comprises the following steps:
cleaning and drying the active carbon raw material, adding the active carbon raw material into a modifier solution, uniformly stirring, soaking for 2-3 hours, filtering out solid substances, cleaning and drying to obtain modified active carbon;
the mass ratio of the active carbon to the modifier is 20:1-1: 2; the mass fraction of the modifier in the modifier solution is 1-30%;
the modifier is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate;
the active carbon raw material is coconut shell active carbon.
2. The graphene-modified activated carbon composite filter element according to claim 1, wherein the graphene is one or more of graphene oxide, graphene, anion-modified graphene, and redox graphene.
3. The preparation method of the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. soaking the modified activated carbon in a graphene solution, and filtering out solid substances;
B. and then cleaning and drying the solid matter to obtain the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element.
4. The preparation method of the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element according to claim 3, wherein in the step A, the graphene solution contains 0.1-10% by mass of graphene; the soaking time is 6-10 hours.
5. The preparation method of the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element according to claim 3, wherein in the step B, the drying temperature is 110-130 ℃, and the drying time is 20-28 h.
6. The application of the graphene modified activated carbon composite filter element in the water purification equipment according to claim 1.
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| CN109718739B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2021-12-03 | 上海利物盛纳米科技有限公司 | Bacteriostatic graphene modified activated carbon filter material for water purification and preparation method thereof |
| CN109701492A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-05-03 | 常州兴烯石墨烯科技有限公司 | A kind of functionality graphene composite activated carbon and preparation method thereof |
| CN110171881A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-27 | 广州康滤净化科技有限公司 | A kind of air-flow method prepares graphene grafting active carbon purifying filter core and preparation method thereof |
| CN110860272A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-03-06 | 南通强生石墨烯科技有限公司 | Graphene antibacterial carbon sphere and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110813234A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-21 | 南昌师范学院 | Preparation method of antibacterial modified wheat straw biochar with amphiphilic characteristic |
| CN113666901A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-19 | 山东海科创新研究院有限公司 | Vinylene carbonate and purification method thereof |
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| CN105056891A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南大学 | Graphene modified biochar composite as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105056897A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南大学 | Graphene oxide modified biochar composite as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107500292A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏苏利精细化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method that graphene oxide is modified cocoanut active charcoal |
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| CN105056891A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南大学 | Graphene modified biochar composite as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105056897A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南大学 | Graphene oxide modified biochar composite as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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